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单词 cornish
释义

cornishadj.1

Etymology: < corn n.1 + -ish suffix1.
Obsolete. rare.
Of the corn kind.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > cereal, corn, or grain > [adjective] > of cereal plants
corny1580
cornish1649
1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver xx. 117 (margin) How to feed Swine without any cornish meat.
1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver xx. 117 Their cornish Muskings they cast into the great Yard..for the Swine to root amongst.
1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 80.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Swine
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

Cornishadj.2n.

Brit. /ˈkɔːnɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈkɔrnɪʃ/
Etymology: < first element of Cornwall (Old English Cornweallas = Corn-Welsh) + -ish suffix1. The native equivalent was Kernûak, Kernewec, derivative of Kernóu, Pou Kernów (= pagus Cornubiæ) Llwyd, Cernow, Kernow (Williams), Welsh Cernyw, Cornwall: compare Breton Kernéô, Kerné, the district of Cornouaille in Armorica. These forms point to a proto-Celtic *Cornovjo-s, *Cornovja: compare medieval Latin Cornubia, whence Corˈnubian, Corˈnubic = Cornish. Ptolemy has Κορναούιοι, Roman sources Cornovii, as names of British tribes, though not in Cornwall. Probably derived < Celtic corn, cornu, ‘horn’, in sense of projecting corner or headland.
A. adj.2
Of or belonging to Cornwall: applied to the people and language; hence Cornishman n.
ΚΠ
a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) i. 123 No Cornysheman dothe nomber aboue xxx.
a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) i. 123 In Cornwall is two speches: the one is naughty Englyshe, and the other is Cornyshe speche.
a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) i. 122 The apendex..treatinge of Cornewall and Cornyshe men.
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 19 The Cornish people gaue themselues principally..to the seeking of Tynne.
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 55 Cornish names hold an affinity with the Welsh.
1880 T. Q. Couch E. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall Introd. 74 The Cornishman, a Penzance weekly paper.
B. n.
The ancient language of Cornwall, a member of the Brittonic branch of the Celtic languages; it became extinct as a first language in the latter part of the 18th cent., but has subsequently been revived.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Celtic > Brythonic > Cornish
Cornisha1549
a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) i. 123 Who so wyll speake any Cornishe, Englyshe and Cornyshe doth folow.
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 71v A kinde of Enterlude, compiled in Cornish out of some scripture history.
1867 F. M. Müller Chips (1880) III. xiv. 300 Cornish began to die out in Cornwall about the time of the Reformation.

Compounds

C1. In the names of various animals, plants, natural products, etc. found in Cornwall.
Cornish brown trout n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Salmo > trout (unspecified and miscellaneous) > salmo fario (common trout)
troutc1050
brown trout1661
yellow trout1794
brook trout1869
Cornish brown trout1883
brownie1914
1883 Official Catal. Internat. Fisheries Exhib. (ed. 4) 112 A large preserved Specimen of Cornish Brown Trout (Salmo fario).
Cornish chough n. (see chough n. 2.)
ΚΠ
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Cornyshe chowghe or crowe, Pyracorax.
Cornish cream n.
ΚΠ
1905 A. L. Salmon Lit. Rambles West of Eng. (1906) 214 Ready to indulge eagerly in Cornish cream and saffron-cake.
1912 ‘Q’ Hocken & Hunken vi A delectable junket with Cornish cream.
1968 D. Hopkinson Incense-tree ii. 13 The great bowls of Cornish cream stood on the shelves and she took up a spoon to skim the golden crust.
Cornish crow n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > larger song birds > family Corvidae (crow) > [noun] > genus Pyrrhocorax > species graculus (chough)
cowec1230
Cornish crow1552
chough1553
sea-crow1579
killigrew1668
sea-chough1672
Cornish jay1750
red-legged crow1776
red-legged chough1831
1552 [see Cornish chough n.].
Cornish daw n.
ΚΠ
c1520 Parl. Byrdes (de Worde) sig. A.iiiv Than sayd the cornysshe dawe.
Cornish heath n.
ΚΠ
1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. III. 367 Cornish Heath..is well distinguished..by its truly bell-shaped corolla.
Cornish money-wort n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Scrophulariaceae (figwort and allies) > [noun] > figwort and allies
brownwortc1000
scrophularyc1400
water betonyc1400
bishop-leaves1597
fig-wort1597
kernel-wort1597
pilewort1640
scrophularia1663
water figwort1670
rose noble1808
snake's head1834
salpiglossid1846
salt-rheum weed1846
Cornish money-wort1848
turtle-head1857
scrophulariad1866
fiddlewood1878–86
stinking Christopher1878
stinkwort1890
1848 C. A. Johns Week at Lizard 287 Sibthorpia Europæa, Cornish Money-wort,..clothes the sides of every..rill.
1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. IV. 134 Creeping Sibthorpia..is called also Cornish Money-wort.
1882 The Garden 21 Jan. 34/2 The Cornish Moneywort..I have stuck..in against a moist bank in a deep Surrey lane.
C2.
Cornish boiler n. the cylindrical flue-boiler invented by Smeaton.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > boiler > [noun] > types of
steam-boiler1805
boiler1818
generator1823
wagon-boiler1837
Cornish boiler1840
saddle boiler1840
French boiler1844
vomiting-boiler1844
water-tube boiler1850
feed-heater1864
Scotch boiler1877
cross-tubea1884
steamer1891
flash generator1903
flash steam generator1907
waste-heat boiler1930
1840–56 S. C. Brees Gloss. Civil Engin. at Boiler Boilers..1st, globular; 2ndly, cylindrical..as the Cornish boiler.
Cornish clay n. a clay obtained from the decomposition of Cornish granite, used in making earthenware.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > clay > [noun] > for making pottery > types of
white claya1387
bottle clay1686
porcelain clay1690
blue clay1698
tasco1726
kaolin1728
capital1738
unaker1744
saggar1786
ball clay1811
Cornish clay1829
china-clay1840
Poole clay1875
bleaching-clay1881
pâte1890
virgin clay1891
1829 S. Shaw Hist. Staffs. Potteries 160 For the finest pottery there is also used a certain proportion of Cornish or china clay.
1886 E. Meteyard Life J. Wedgwood 423 The opposition of the Potters to Champion's Bill..left open..the free use of Cornish stone and clay.
Cornish diamond n. a variety of quartz found in Cornwall; a crystal of this quartz.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > crystalline quartzes > rock crystal
crystalOE
irisa1387
crystalline1539
rainbow-stone1587
Cornish diamond1591
diamond1591
mountain crystal1598
rock crystal1598
pebble1688
Cornish stone1695
Welsh diamond1705
rainbow crystal1748
quartz crystal1770
Irish diamond1774
1591 T. Nashe in Sir P. Sidney Astrophel & Stella sig. A.4v If one were Cornish diamonds on his toes.
1748 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 4) II. 5 Hengeston-hill, which produces a great Plenty of Cornish Diamonds.
1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 215 Rock Crystal,..also known as..‘Cornish’, or ‘Irish’ diamond.
Cornish engine n. a form of single-acting condensing steam-engine, used for pumping up water, first used in Cornwall.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > [noun] > types of
fire waterwork1663
steam-wheel1797
Cornish engine1840
beam-engine1844
machine-whim1848
screw engine1852
donkey-engine1858
quadruple expansion1861
tandem engine1878
uniflow1971
1840–56 S. C. Brees Gloss. Civil Engin. Cornish Engine, a single acting beam engine, employed in raising water from mines..The steam..is used for the down stroke only, and raises an immense weight fastened to the pump rod at the end of the beam.
Cornish gilliflower n. a variety of apple.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
pippin?1435
pomewater?1435
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
sweeting1530
pomeroyal1534
renneta1568
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
russeting1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
reinette1582
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pomeroy1600
short-start1600
jenneting1601
pome-paradise1601
russet coat1602
John apple1604
honey apple1611
honeymeal1611
musk apple1611
short-shank1611
spice apple1611
French pippin1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
renneting1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
reinetting1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
white-wining1676
russet1686
calville1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
musk1708
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
wine apple1802
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
wine-sap1826
Jonathan1831
Sturmer Pippin1831
rusty-coat1843
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Cornish gilliflowerc1850
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
nutmeg pippin1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Melba apple1928
Melba1933
Mutsu1951
Newtown1953
discovery1964
c1850 Nat. Encycl. I. 937 The finest variety..is the Cornish Gilliflower.
Categories »
Cornish hug n. in Wrestling see hug n.
Cornish jack n. the Cornish chough.
Cornish pasty n. meat, vegetables, and seasoning cooked in a case of pastry.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pastry > pasty > [noun] > types of pasty
dariole?a1400
sambouse1609
venison pastya1616
flapjack1620
stucklinga1655
apple pasty1664
keech1677
marrow pasty1696
flap-apple1750
pâté1768
hoglinga1825
bridie1833
empanada1866
Cornish pasty1877
pelmeni1926
tiddy oggy1942
oggy1948
stromboli1950
samosa1955
1877 Notes & Queries 5th Ser. 7 297 The Cornish pasty baked without a dish.
1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 590/1 Patties may be of various sizes and shapes, ranging from a Cornish pasty to a tiny bouchée.
Thesaurus »
Cornish pump n. a pump worked by a Cornish engine.
Cornish stone n. (a) = Cornish diamond n.; (b) Cornish granite in a state of partial decomposition, ground and used with clay in the manufacture of earthenware.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > crystalline quartzes > rock crystal
crystalOE
irisa1387
crystalline1539
rainbow-stone1587
Cornish diamond1591
diamond1591
mountain crystal1598
rock crystal1598
pebble1688
Cornish stone1695
Welsh diamond1705
rainbow crystal1748
quartz crystal1770
Irish diamond1774
1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 179 The Cornish-Stones, the Bristow-Stones.
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 481 The glaze for cream-coloured pottery is formed of white lead, Cornish-stone, and flint.
Cornish wrestling n. a local form of wrestling in which contestants, wearing loose canvas jackets, try to throw their opponent by grappling, tripping, and other techniques; cf. Cornish hug at hug n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > wrestling > [noun] > types of wrestling
catch as catch cana1393
in-play1713
Cumberland and Westmorland (style, etc.)1823
Cornish wrestling1824
arm-wrestling1846
professional wrestling1884
sumo1893
all in1934
mud-wrestling1936
lucha libre1943
wrist-wrestling1973
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Cornw. 197 The Cornish are Masters of the Art of Wrestling... Their Hugg is a cunning close with their fellow-combitant, the fruits whereof is his fair fall, or foil at the least. It is figuratively appliable to the deceitfull dealing of such, who secretly design their overthrow, whom they openly embrace.
1713 T. Parkyns (title) The inn-play; or, Cornish-hugg wrestler.]
1824 T. Hogg Fabulous Hist. Cornwall 69 (title) The first Cornish wrestling.
1889 in W. H. Pollock et al. Fencing (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) Index 296/2 Cornish wrestling.
1957 Encycl. Brit. VI. 463/1 Cornish wrestling is confined to Cornwall and Brittany.
1977 West Briton 25 Aug. 11/4 Thursday's senior Cornish wrestling championships were won by J. Dorning (St. Helens), with M. Roberts (Portsmouth) second.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.11649adj.2n.c1520
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