costeann.

Brit.

/kɒˈstiːn/, U.S.

/kɔˈstin/,

/kɑˈstin/

Forms: 1700s– costean, 1800s– costeen.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a borrowing from Cornish.

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps < an otherwise unattested Cornish phrase or compound < a first element of uncertain origin (see note) + sten tin (Middle Cornish stean ; cognate with Welsh ystaen : see stannum n.).W. Pryce (who was familiar with the Cornish language) gives the first element as cothas , glossed as ‘fallen’ (see quot. 1778 at costeaning n.), past participle of cotha to fall (cognate with Welsh cwyddo , further etymology uncertain); however, in Cornish a past participle (used as adjective) does not precede the noun it modifies. Alternatively, N.E.D. (1893, at Costean v.) suggests that the first element is Middle Cornish coys wood (cognate with Welsh coed ; < the same Indo-European base as heath n.) and links this to F. W. P. Jago's entry for wood tin in Anc. Lang. & Dial. Cornwall (1882; defined there as ‘an ore of tin in structure like wood’). Jago does not link costean and wood tin in any way; however, the connection was made slightly earlier in R. Williams Lex. Cornu-Britannicum (1865) s.v. wood tin. It has also been suggested that the word was formed in English either < cost n.² + tin n. or < an aphetic form of accost v. + tin n., but both suggestions pose both semantic and phonological problems.

Originally Cornwall. Mining.

A pit or trench sunk through surface deposits in order to locate a vein of ore and ascertain its extent. Also costean pit.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > excavated area > in order to find direction of lode

costean1778

1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis (Gloss.) 319 Costean pits are shallow pits to trace or find Tin. Costeaning, ditto.

1851 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 29 Aug. 1/2 The back of the lode, which has been opened upon by Costean pits at the surface for some considerable distance, is of immense size.

1896 Westm. Gaz. 20 Apr. 8/1 A costeen has exposed the cap of a reef 4 ft. wide of solid quartz.

1920 Glasgow Herald 31 Mar. 11 The White Hope..has been opened up all along the line of lode by costeens.

1964 A. Nelson Dict. Mining 109 Costean, (1) A trench cut across the conjectured line of outcrop of a seam or orebody to expose the full width. (2) The channel eroded by a flow of water to expose mineral deposits during prospecting work.

2001 G. Taylor & R. A. Eggleton Regolith Geol. & Geomorphol. xv. 310/1 Open cuts range in size from shallow bulldozer scrapes a few metres deep to large costeans up to 30 m deep.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

costeanv.

Brit.

/kɒˈstiːn/, U.S.

/kɔˈstin/,

/kɑˈstin/

Forms: see costean n.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: costean n.

Etymology: < costean n. Compare earlier costeaning n.

Originally Cornwall. Mining.

intransitive. To sink a costean.

ΚΠ

1839 Cornwall Royal Gaz. 1 Feb. Saw the place dug up in the field, but ne'er saw any thing like it in mining. That was not the proper way to ‘costean’.

1845 W. Francis Gwennap ii. 33 Seek by all means to costeen for your lode.

1863 Standard 15 Dec. 2/3 I instructed Captain Holman to place by and bye two of the men then at work on the property to costeen for the continuations of the West Cadia lodes.

1904 Trans. Inst. Mining Engineers 25 497 He trenched, costeaned and drove levels in various directions.

1949 Kalgoorlie (W. Austral.) Miner 29 Sept. 5/2 If his application was granted he would develop the area immediately and put on three men to costeen and bore.

2004 J. Charalambous Furies xxvi. 194 The old diggers had been costeaning, sinking pits down to rock to find the direction of the lode.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	costean
释义	costeann. Brit. /kɒˈstiːn/, U.S. /kɔˈstin/, /kɑˈstin/ Forms: 1700s– costean, 1800s– costeen. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a borrowing from Cornish. Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps < an otherwise unattested Cornish phrase or compound < a first element of uncertain origin (see note) + sten tin (Middle Cornish stean ; cognate with Welsh ystaen : see stannum n.).W. Pryce (who was familiar with the Cornish language) gives the first element as cothas , glossed as ‘fallen’ (see quot. 1778 at costeaning n.), past participle of cotha to fall (cognate with Welsh cwyddo , further etymology uncertain); however, in Cornish a past participle (used as adjective) does not precede the noun it modifies. Alternatively, N.E.D. (1893, at Costean v.) suggests that the first element is Middle Cornish coys wood (cognate with Welsh coed ; < the same Indo-European base as heath n.) and links this to F. W. P. Jago's entry for wood tin in Anc. Lang. & Dial. Cornwall (1882; defined there as ‘an ore of tin in structure like wood’). Jago does not link costean and wood tin in any way; however, the connection was made slightly earlier in R. Williams Lex. Cornu-Britannicum (1865) s.v. wood tin. It has also been suggested that the word was formed in English either < cost n.² + tin n. or < an aphetic form of accost v. + tin n., but both suggestions pose both semantic and phonological problems. Originally Cornwall. Mining. A pit or trench sunk through surface deposits in order to locate a vein of ore and ascertain its extent. Also costean pit. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > excavated area > in order to find direction of lode costean1778 1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis (Gloss.) 319 Costean pits are shallow pits to trace or find Tin. Costeaning, ditto. 1851 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 29 Aug. 1/2 The back of the lode, which has been opened upon by Costean pits at the surface for some considerable distance, is of immense size. 1896 Westm. Gaz. 20 Apr. 8/1 A costeen has exposed the cap of a reef 4 ft. wide of solid quartz. 1920 Glasgow Herald 31 Mar. 11 The White Hope..has been opened up all along the line of lode by costeens. 1964 A. Nelson Dict. Mining 109 Costean, (1) A trench cut across the conjectured line of outcrop of a seam or orebody to expose the full width. (2) The channel eroded by a flow of water to expose mineral deposits during prospecting work. 2001 G. Taylor & R. A. Eggleton Regolith Geol. & Geomorphol. xv. 310/1 Open cuts range in size from shallow bulldozer scrapes a few metres deep to large costeans up to 30 m deep. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). costeanv. Brit. /kɒˈstiːn/, U.S. /kɔˈstin/, /kɑˈstin/ Forms: see costean n. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: costean n. Etymology: < costean n. Compare earlier costeaning n. Originally Cornwall. Mining. intransitive. To sink a costean. ΚΠ 1839 Cornwall Royal Gaz. 1 Feb. Saw the place dug up in the field, but ne'er saw any thing like it in mining. That was not the proper way to ‘costean’. 1845 W. Francis Gwennap ii. 33 Seek by all means to costeen for your lode. 1863 Standard 15 Dec. 2/3 I instructed Captain Holman to place by and bye two of the men then at work on the property to costeen for the continuations of the West Cadia lodes. 1904 Trans. Inst. Mining Engineers 25 497 He trenched, costeaned and drove levels in various directions. 1949 Kalgoorlie (W. Austral.) Miner 29 Sept. 5/2 If his application was granted he would develop the area immediately and put on three men to costeen and bore. 2004 J. Charalambous Furies xxvi. 194 The old diggers had been costeaning, sinking pits down to rock to find the direction of the lode. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1778v.1839
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