copyn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈkɒpi/, U.S.

/ˈkɑpi/

Forms: Middle English–1600s copye, Middle English–1700s copie, (Middle English kopy, Middle English coopy, 1500s coopie), 1500s coppye, 1500s–1600s coppie, 1500s–1700s coppy, Middle English– copy.

Etymology: < French copie (13th cent. in Littré) = Provençal copia, < Latin cōpia abundance, plenty, multitude. Branch II, found in medieval Latin and all the Romanic languages, and from which all the English sense-development starts, appears to have arisen out of such Latin phrases as dare vel habere copiam legendi to give, or have, the power of reading, facere copiam describendi to give the power of transcription, to allow a transcript to be made, whence medieval Latin copia ‘transcript’.

A. n.

†I. Abundance, plenty.

a. Plenty, abundance, a copious quantity. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] > an abundance

plentya1250

foison13..

abundance1340

copyc1375

fultha1400

plentya1425

murth?a1450

store1471

sonsea1500

banquet?1507

fouth1535

choice1584

horn of plenty (also abundancec1595

wealth1596

cornucopia1611

rifea1614

copia1713

bumper1759

beaucoup1760

lashings1829

plethora1835

any amount (of)1848

in galore1848

opulence1878

binder1881

lushing1890

c1375 J. Barbour Troy-bk. ii. 774 Of teres full gret copye.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 301 Spayne..haþ grete copy and plente of castell.

1514 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 58 If there be copie of prestes.

1593 T. Lodge Life & Death William Long Beard Addr. to Rdr. No conceits..but such as have coppy of new coined words.

1607 J. Carpenter Plaine Mans Spirituall Plough 209 All that copie or riches..is nought else but extreame povertie.

a1637 B. Jonson Magnetick Lady ii. i. 19 in Wks. (1640) III Ple. Which would you choose, now Mistris? Pla. Cannot tell. The copie does confound one.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Copie, plenty, abundance.

b. Fullness, plenitude. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun]

speedOE

fulsomenesslOE

wonea1300

fulsomeheada1325

cheapc1325

largitya1382

plenteousnessa1382

plenteoustea1382

plentya1382

abundancec1384

affluencec1390

largenessc1400

uberty?a1412

aboundingc1425

fullness1440

copiousness1447

rifenessc1450

copy1484

abundancy?1526

copiosity1543

plentifulness1555

ampleness1566

umberty?1578

acquire1592

amplitude1605

plentitude1609

plenitude1614

fertility1615

profluence1623

fluency1624

flushness1662

rowtha1689

sonsea1689

affluentness1727

raff1801

richness1814

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope 295 Requyrynge hym that she might haue the copye of his loue.

a1500 Orol. Sap. in Anglia X. 371 In þe copye of grete delytes.

c. esp. of language: Copiousness, abundance, fullness, richness. copy of words: = Latin copia verborum. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > [noun] > abundance of vocabulary

copy1531

copiousness1642

copia verborum1713

1531 T. Elyot Gouernour i. x. sig. Dvii Whereby he shall..attaine plentie of the tongues called Copie.

1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. B1 To excell in variety of sentences, and copy of wordes coyned all of one suite.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes The copie and varietie of our sweete-mother-toong.

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. iii. 22 The proprietie, puritie and copie of our English tongue.

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. viii. 117 To get propriety and copie of words and phrases.

a1637 B. Jonson Eng. Gram. Pref., in Wks. (1640) III The Copie of it, and Matchablenesse, with other tongues.

d. ? = cornucopia n. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > source of supply > abundant > horn of plenty

copy1592

cornucopia1592

horn of plenty (also abundancec1595

1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 46^v Euerie one of them in their right hand did holde a copie full of all kinde of fruites.

1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 98^v In hir right hand she held a copie full of rype graine.

II. A transcript or reproduction of an original.

2. A writing transcribed from, and reproducing the contents of, another; a transcript.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > transcript or copy

transcriptc1290

copyc1330

exemplara1382

again-writingc1384

transumption1412

tenorc1450

examplea1475

transumpt1480

duplicate1532

exemplary1534

double1543

duplicament1574

manuscript1600

apograph1601

exscript1609

exscription1637

transcription1649

autograph1868

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 293 The barons..Of þing þat þei wild ask bad him þe copie bere.

1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 50 Þat we shuld send ȝou a kopy of our statuȝ.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xxxv Copyes were made of the sayd Statutes.

1555 R. Eden tr. Coppie of Bull in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 171 The coppie of the Bull.

1563 A. Nowell in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) (Camden) 20 The coopie of the Catechism which I caused to be wryten out.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 106 The Copy of a Sermon.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iv. xvi. 338 Though the attested Copy of a Record be good proof, yet the Copy of a Copy never so well attested..will not be admitted as a proof in Judicature.

1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 45/1 The copy I wrote remained with..Nundocomar; the original remained with Pudmohun Doss.

1875 F. H. A. Scrivener 6 Lect. Text New Test. 5 No such perfect similarity between the copy and the original.

3. A picture, or other work of art, reproducing the features of another.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [noun] > types of > copy

copy1574

reproduction1701

replica1824

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > [noun] > a painting > copy

copy1574

ricordo1904

1574 J. Baret Aluearie C 1180 An example written or painted out, a copie or pattorne.

1719 J. Richardson Sci. Connoisseur 150 If any One says That Picture is a Copy I'll break his Head.

1719 J. Richardson Art Crit. 176 Coppies are usually made by Inferiour Hands.

1749 Berkeley Wks. IV. 319 The third [picture] is a copy, and ill-coloured.

1801 H. Fuseli Lect. Painting I. i. 6 Our language, or rather those who use it, generally confound, when speaking of the art, copy with imitation, though essentially different in operation and meaning.

1857 J. Ruskin Polit. Econ. Art ii. 125 Never buy a copy of a picture... All copies are bad; because no painter who is worth a straw ever will copy.

1879 J. Lubbock Sci. Lect. v. 156 Some of the bronze axes appear to be mere copies of the earlier stone ones.

4. figurative.

a. Something made or formed, or regarded as made or formed, in imitation of something else; a reproduction, image, or imitation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > an imitation

resemblant1484

patterna1500

counterfeiture1548

counterfeit1587

idol1590

reduplication1592

copy1596

module1608

imitationa1616

mockage1615

echo1622

conduplicationa1631

transcript1646

ectype1647

mime1650

duplicating1659

mimicry1688

replication1692

shadow1693

reproduction1701

mimication?1715

repetition1774

replicate1821

autotype1829

replica1841

re-creation1915

retake1922

mock-up1957

reprise1961

1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. Ded. 83 The practise of these Bishops, and perhaps their copies.

1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. i. 281 My brother hath a daughter, Almost the copie of my child thats dead.

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) iv. v. 334 I see but as it were a Copy or Transcript of the first created nature of Man in the first Individuals.

1739 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature I. i. 22 Of this impression there is a copy taken by the mind.

1780 W. Cowper Table Talk 614 A rough copy of the Christian face Without the smile, the sweetness, or the grace.

1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters xx. 509 Pompey, the Clown, is a copy from the life.

1890 Sir A. Kekewich in Law Times Rep. 63 764/1 When one finds one drama to a great extent a copy of another.

†b. A specimen, instance, example. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > [noun] > exemplifying some rule, activity, quality, etc.

asaumplea1250

evidencec1391

piecea1393

examplea1398

samplera1400

exemplarc1475

paradigm1483

instant1560

precedenta1575

exemplification1582

exemplary1583

instance1592

instancy1613

copy1641

specimen1659

patron saint1803

for instance1959

1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper ii. 91 A little Child..a faire copy of meekenesse and innocency.

a1655 R. Vines Treat. Lords-supper 209 Was this a copy of his particular zeal?

c. A page or specimen of penmanship written after a model: cf. A. 8b.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > copy of specimen

copy1893

1893 N.E.D. at Copy Mod. You must write a copy every morning to improve your penmanship. The writing of copies as school-impositions.

a. English Law. The transcript of the manorial court-roll, containing entries of the admissions of tenants, according to the custom of the manor, to land held by such tenants in the tenure hence called copyhold n.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > [noun] > proof of > document > with reference to copyhold land

copy1463

1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 34 I wil and graunte to the seid Jenete Whitwelle my yeeris that I haue be copy in the medwe at Babwelle.

1503–4 Act 19 Hen. VII c. 37 §2 Landes Tenementes..Leeses and Fermes as well holden by copye as otherwyse.

1548 R. Crowley Informacion & Peticion sig. Bi At the vacation of his Copie or Indentur, he must paye welmoste as muche as woulde purchayse so much grownde.

1580 T. Lupton Siuqila 142 Whiche, if he perceyve to stand free, then he maye buy it, or take it by coppy or lease.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 60 a These tenants are called tenants by Copie of Court Rolle, because they haue no other euidence concerning their tenements, but onely the Copies of Court Rolles.

1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 95.

1885 Sir F. North in Law Times Rep. 53 504/2 The several tenements may be comprised in one copy.

b. A holding by copy, copyhold n.

ΚΠ

a1626 L. Andrewes Serm. (1843) V. 27 What poor man's right, what widow's copy, or what orphan's legacy would have been safe?

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. vi. 268 Waltham-Abbey (for Benedictines..) had its Copie altered by King Henry the second, and bestowed on Augustinians.

figurative.a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. ii. 39 Macb. Thou know'st, that Banquo and his Fleans liues. Lady. But in them, Natures Coppie's not eterne.

III. Without reference to an original.

a. One of the various (written or printed) specimens of the same writing or work; an individual example of a manuscript or print. (The ordinary word in this sense.)Originally, the idea of ‘transcript’ or ‘reproduction’ was of course present; but in later use an original edition itself consists of so many ‘copies’. In fair copy, clean copy of a writing, the idea of ‘transcript’ is distinctly present; but it disappears when the original draft is called the rough or foul copy. The word is much used in bibliography, as in ‘early copy, tall copy, uncut copy, large paper copy, Mr. Grenville's copy, the British Museum copy,’ etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > copy > [noun]

exemplara1382

rescripta1425

exemplary1534

copy1538

multicopy1947

1477 W. Caxton in Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (1877) lf. 74 I am not in certayn wheder it was in my lordis copye or not.]

1538 Bible (Coverdale) Ded. In many places one copy hath either more or less than another.

1576 A. Fleming tr. C. Matius in Panoplie Epist. 114 So are the woordes set down in three auncient copies.

1625 J. Ussher Let. 2 May in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Lit. Men (1843) 132 Touching the Samaritan Pentateuch, the copye which I have is about three hundred yeares old.

1689 Gazophylacium Anglicanum Pref. sig. Avja Being printed from a foul Copy.

1711 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1889) III. 242 3 Copies of the fourth, and 4 of the V^th Vol. of Leland.

1773 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. II. 102 All our present copies..agree with one another.

1817 tr. ‘L. A. C. Bombet’ Life of Haydn xv, in Life of Haydn & Life of Mozart 180 His rough copies [of MS. music] are full of different passages.

1850 C. Dickens Let. 16 Sept. (1988) VI. 169 The acting copy is much altered from the old play.

1872 J. A. H. Murray in Complaynt Scotl. Introd. p. xvi Of the book in these circumstances given to the world, only four copies are known to have come down to recent times.

1872 J. A. H. Murray in Complaynt Scotl. Introd. p. xviii Leyden writing in 1801, says, ‘all four copies were imperfect.’

1893 N.E.D. at Copy Mod. Of how many copies does the edition consist?

†b. Formerly sometimes with the force of ‘text’, ‘version’, or ‘edition’.

ΚΠ

1538 [see sense A. 6a].

1599 A. Day Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) To Rdr. sig. A3^v The copies before this, haue bene..erroniously many wayes deliuered.

1830 J. H. Monk Life R. Bentley xvii. 511 They read him with..more satisfaction in Dr. Bentley's text than in any other copy.

7. a copy of verses: a set of verses, a short composition in verse: now chiefly applied to such a composition (esp. Greek or Latin verses) as a school or college exercise.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > short verse or poem > [noun] > short composition in verse (as exercise)

a copy of verses1653

sense verse1743

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 184 I will speak you a Coppie of Verses that were made by Doctor Donne.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 58. ¶13 To present his Mistress with a Copy of Verses made in the Shape of her Fan.

1782 F. Burney Lett. 19 Mar. They have put me again into the newspapers, in a copy of verses made upon literary ladies.

1841 T. B. Macaulay Comic Dramatists in Ess. (1854) I. 574/1 Wycherley..was present at a battle, and celebrated it, on his return, in a copy of verses too bad for the bellman.

1882 R. C. Jebb Life Bentley i. 4 The only relic of Bentley's undergraduate life is a copy of English verses on the Gunpowder Plot. That stirring theme was long a stock subject for College exercises.

IV. That which is copied.

a. The original writing, work of art, etc. from which a copy is made.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > originality or non-imitation > [noun] > an original

copy14..

principal1489

authentic1599

original1683

14.. Tundale's Vis. (colophon) Be it trwe or be it fals Hyt is as the coopy was.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. xxiv. 193 In whiche translacion..I haue to my power folowed my copye.

1586 W. Webbe Disc. Eng. Poetrie sig. E.iii ^v Conferring the translation with the Coppie.

1668 Excellency of Pen & Pencil A ij b The Art of Drawing..by Instructions and Copies so easy and intelligible, that, etc.

1822 C. Lamb in London Mag. Mar. 283/1 The devil..working after my copy.

b. spec. A specimen of penmanship to be copied by a pupil.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > specimen to be copied

copy1583

copy-text1904

1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 339 Give us a copie now if it please you [It. una mostra da scrivere].

1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 363 Let me give you an other copie, which, God willing, you shall write tomorrow.

1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iv. ii. 89 I tooke him setting of boyes coppies.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xi. 178 There is more required to teach one to write then to see a coppy.

1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. ii. viii. 182 Why the Scholar writeth not like his Copy?

1825 in W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 967 The first copy I wrote after, with its moral lesson ‘Art improves Nature’.

1891 Illustr. Mag. IX. 285 Edith looked at the copybook. The copies had been set by herself.

†c. figurative. Pattern, example. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [noun] > a pattern or model of conduct

bysenc950

ensample1297

mirrora1300

ensamplerc1374

examplea1382

foregoer1382

exemplara1393

essamplerie1393

forbyseninga1400

patternc1425

spectaclec1430

precedent1535

spectable1535

foregoinga1586

modela1586

copya1616

leading card1635

patron saint1803

fugleman1814

fore-mark1863

parable1894

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. ii. 113 The Copie of your speede is learn'd by them.

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. ii. 46 Such a man Might be a copie to these yonger times.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Suff. 58 Doctor Taylor set Archbishop Cranmer..a Copy of Patients.

1677 A. Yarranton England's Improvem. 53 In preparing..of the Flax..This is the way they do it in Germany, and thou mayest write by their Copy.

1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 252 Every officer and private man..imitated the intrepid copy of their martial leader.

a. Printing. Manuscript (or printed) matter prepared for printing. (Now always without a and plural)Formerly used in a sense nearer to 8: a MS. or other exemplar which is printed from, or serves as ‘copy’, though not specially prepared for that purpose.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > material to be printed > [noun]

copy1485

matter1683

1485 W. Caxton in Malory's Morte Darthur Pref. sig. iij And I accordyng to my copye haue doon sette it in enprynte.

1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. To Rdr. sig. *iv^v Doctour Cunnyngham, who was no smal helpe to me in..perusynge the copies written [i.e. for the printer].

1590 ‘Pasquil’ First Pt. Pasquils Apol. sig. B When he carried his coppie to the Presse.

1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. H3 More Copie, More Copie; we leese a great deale of time for want of Text.

1652 T. Urquhart Εκσκυβαλαυρον Ep. Liminary sig. A8 I usually afforded the setter Copy at the rate of above a whole printed sheet in the day.

1676 J. Ray Corr. (1848) 123 I have been lately solicited to reprint my Catalogue..and have sent the copy up to London as it is.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1733 I. 39 Johnson engaged to supply the press with copy as it should be wanted.

1827 W. Scott Two Drovers Introd., in Chron. Canongate 1st Ser. I. xiii. 289 He is neither more nor less than an imp of the devil, come to torment me for copy.

1877 ‘H. A. Page’ T. De Quincey: Life & Writings II. xvii. 40 The doom that visited bits of his own copy and proof-sheets.

†b. Property in ‘copy’; = copyright n. Obsolete.In its beginnings, only contextually differing from 9: the registration and licensing of the ‘copy’ or ‘copies’ proposed to be printed, conferred the ‘right’.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [noun] > copyhold

copyhold1483

copy1577

copyholding1887

society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > performing or publishing rights > copyright

copy1577

copyright1735

international copyright1833

1577 Stationers' Reg. II. lf. 140 j^mo Julij Lycensed vnto H. Bynneman theise ij. copies.

1580 in E. Arber Transcript Reg. Company of Stationers 1554–1640 (1875) II. 173b John harrison. Assigned ouer from hugh Singleton to haue the sheppardes callender which was hughe Singletons copie.

1589 Stationers' Reg. II. lf. 251 b Master Ponsonby. Entered for his Copye, a booke intytuled the fayrye Queene.

1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion v. 3 [Other authors] lived on what was given them for their Copies.

1710 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) VI. 549 Securing the property of copies in books to the right owners.

1765 L. Sterne Let. 16 Mar. in Lett. 1765–8 (2009) 401 Which will bring me in three hundred pounds, exclusive of the sale of the copy.

1781 S. Johnson Addison in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets V. 52 Steele..sold the copy for fifty guineas.

c. That which lends itself to interesting narration in a book, newspaper, etc.; material for a story.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > journalism > journal > matter of or for journals > [noun] > copy

flimsy1857

copy1886

1886 O. Wilde Reviews (1908) 99 Miss Broughton has been attending the meetings of the Psychical Society in search of copy.

1889 G. B. Shaw Fabian Ess. Socialism 183 Those Socialist speeches which make what the newspapers call ‘good copy’.

1915 A. D. Gillespie Let. 24 May in Lett. from Flanders (1916) 165 It's a damnable thing to treat this war as so much material for ‘good copy’.

1916 Beerbohm in Cornhill Mag. June 735 ‘Tell me your adventures.’ ‘They'd make first-rate “copy”, wouldn't they?’

1930 W. S. Churchill My Early Life xxvii. 359 I scampered about the moving cavalry screens searching in the carelessness of youth for every scrap of adventure, experience or copy.

1934 E. Bowen in G. Greene Old School 52 One or two of the girls fell in love in the holidays, but something in the atmosphere made it impossible to talk of this naturally without seeming at once to make copy of it.

1965 Listener 10 June 865/3 The gaffe of their guest in making copy out of it all, of the BBC in broadcasting it unedited.

d. spec. The text of an advertisement.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > advertising > advertising in the press > [noun] > text of advertisement

copy1905

1905 E. E. Calkins & R. Holden Art Mod. Advertising viii. 175 The design and ‘copy’ used in the four-inch advertisement may involve just as much time.

1926 G. Russell Nuntius : Advertising iii. 53 The public cannot fairly be expected to believe the verbiage into which much extremely competent advertisement copy is converted by the futile interference of manufacturers.

1933 D. L. Sayers Murder must Advertise iii. 39 Ingleby specialised in snobbish copy about Twentyman's Teas (‘preferred by Fashion's Favourites’).

1967 Word Study Oct. 3/2 Writers..should take care with advertising copy for radio and TV.

V. With reference to paper size.

10. Name of a particular size of paper.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > paper > [noun] > sizes of

royal paper1497

small paper1497

sheet1510

demy1546

imperial1572

pot1579

quarto1580

grape1611

crown paper1620

foolscap1660

bastard1711

copy1712

crown1712

vigesimo-quarto1864

columbier1875

society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > paper of specific size

paper royal1497

paper rial1501

sheet1510

demy1546

imperial1572

pot1579

lily-pot1593

grape1611

cap1620

crown paper1620

post1648

foolscap1660

bastard1711

copy1712

crown1712

Kentish cap1766

vessel of paper1790

antiquarian1815

quartern1819

quatrain1819

Albert note1846

cap-paper1854

sermon paper1855

Albert1859

columbier1875

Albert notepaper1881

cuatro1904

duchess1923

half-imperial-

1712 Act 10 Q. Anne in London Gaz. No. 5018/3 Paper called..bastard or double Copy.

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 497 The smallest size of the fine quality..measures 12¹/ ₂ by 15 inches, and is termed pot; next to that foolscap..; then post..; copy, 20 by 16¹/ ₂. Of coarse papers may be mentioned..copy loaf, 16³/ ₄ by 21³/ ₄, 38-lb.

B. adj.

†1. Abundant. (Cf. dialect ‘plenty money’, etc.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adjective]

goodeOE

broadOE

fullOE

large?c1225

rifec1225

fulsomea1325

abundanta1382

plenteousa1382

copiousc1384

plentifula1400

ranka1400

aboundc1425

affluentc1425

aboundable?1440

seedy1440

manyfulc1450

ample1472

olda1500

richa1500

flowing1526

fertilent1535

wallingc1540

copy1546

abounding1560

fat1563

numbrous1566

good, great store1569

round1592

redundant1594

fruitful1604

cornucopian1609

much1609

plenty?a1610

pukka1619

redundant1621

uberant1622

swelling1628

uberous1633

numerousa1635

superfluent1648

full tide1649

lucky1649

redounding1667

numerose1692

bumper1836

prolific1890

proliferous1915

1546 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 60 Ther shalbe..fyue masses sade..yf so be that ther be copye companye of prestes suffycyent to celebrate the same.

†2. = copyhold n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [adjective] > copyhold

copy1502

copyhold1511

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > a legal holding > [adjective] > held in copyhold

copy1502

copyhold1511

1502 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 94 All my londs..w^t all ther apportenents, ffree and copy.

1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xi. f. 13^v Bothe charter lande and copye lande.

1538 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 136 The copye close.

1598 T. Bastard Chrestoleros vii. xv. 116 First Mirus coueted a peece of gold..then copie land, and after a freeholde.

1639 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 174 All those my lands, both copy and free.

Phrases

†P1. to change (turn, alter) one's copy: to change one's style, tone, behaviour, or course of action; to assume another character. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > behave, conduct, or bear oneself [verb (intransitive)] > change one's behaviour

to sing another song or a different tune1390

vary1481

to change (turn, alter) one's copy1523

to turn down a leaf1633

tack1637

to sing different1897

snap out of it1918

the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > change of opinion > change one's mind [phrase]

to pick (also peck) mooda1225

to turn, wend the luff?c1225

to sing another song or a different tune1390

to waive (one's) wit1390

to change one's minda1500

to change (turn, alter) one's copy1523

to turn (one's) tippet1546

to change one's note1560

to shift hands1611

to face about1645

to change (swap) horses in midstream (while crossing a stream)1864

to sing another tune1890

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxlix. 369 Thus the knyghtes and squyers turned theyr copies on both partes.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Chron. II. cxiii. [cix.] 327 Chaunge your copye, so that we haue no cause to renewe our yuell wylles agaynste you.

1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (ii. 4) He will sodeinly turn his copye.

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 751 Callisthenes chaunging coppy, spake boldly many thinges against the Macedonians.

1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 116 Fortune changing her copie, the affaires of the winner decline.

1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 190 I shall change copie from a Duke to a King.

1640 G. Watts tr. F. Bacon Of Advancem. Learning viii. ii. 374 Howsoever we change Copy, we are embased..thereby.

1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 106 Hee that writeth Dunce on the..Eve of his Doctorship, doth not alter his copy, and go out Scholler next day.

a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 391 Such as lived orderly..had now turn'd their copy..and were fallen.

†P2. copy of a conference: memorandum or minutes of a conference; also apparently the agenda or subject matter; the theme. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > written record > [noun] > minutes

minute1443

copy of a conference1588

verbal process1590

particularc1600

consulto1659

procès-verbal1807

consulta1877

Mike1986

the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > topic, subject-matter > materials of topic > [noun] > of meeting

copy of a conference1588

agenda1832

agendum1886

1588 J. Udall State Church of Eng. sig. C^v One had conference with a Bishop about subscription, and..gaue his friende a coppie of his conference.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) v. i. 63 It was the copie of our Conference. In bed he slept not for my vrging it, At boord he fed not for my vrging it.

†P3. copy of one's countenance: a mere outward show or sign of what one would do or be; hence, pretence. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > [noun] > instance of

showa1500

making-upa1525

shine?1529

face1542

varnish1565

copy of one's countenance1579

false1598

mock-beggar1603

mockerya1616

umbrage1634

simulacrum1833

phoney war1939

1579 S. Gosson Apol. Schoole of Abuse in Ephemerides Phialo f. 81^v They haue..threatned highly, too put water in my woortes, whensoeuer they catche me; I hope it is but a coppy of their countenance, Ad diem fortasse minitantur.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. vii. xxx. 270 If ye [Romans] but shew a copie of your countenance, as if ye would aid and succour us.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxvi. viii. 588 Carried away with every copie of Anniball his countenance [L. ad nutus Hannibalis], and with vaine threats and menaces.

1658 J. Bramhall Schisme Garded i. i. 18 Whatsoever he pra teth..it is but a Copy of his countenance.

1743 H. Fielding Jonathan Wild iii. xiv, in Misc. III. 283 This, as he afterwards confessed on his Death-Bed..was only a Copy of his Countenance.

1779 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) XI. 493 Many who affirmed this, did not believe themselves..it was merely a copy of their countenance.

Compounds

C1.

copy-boy n. one who takes copy from the writer to the printer; a publisher's errand boy.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printer > [noun] > errand-boy

devil1683

printer's devil1716

copy-boy1888

1888 R. Kipling Phantom 'Rickshaw 76 The little black copy-boys are whining.., and most of the paper is as blank as Modred's shield.

1928 Boston Evening Transcript 30 Mar. 15/6 As I wrote, a ‘copy boy’ would take away every sheet of my manuscript as fast as it was completed.

1942 W. Stevens Let. 23 Oct. (1967) 424 She thought that she could get a job as a copy boy on one of the local papers.

1961 ‘B. Wells’ Day Earth caught Fire i. 10 Ronnie, a young, eager copy-boy, bustled in with a handful of news slips.

† copy-clerk n. Obsolete a copying clerk, a scribe.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > writer > [noun] > copyist

librarya1382

scribe1535

exemplifier1552

stationer1576

copier1597

transcriber1610

transcriptor1617

copy-clerk1623

exscribera1631

bibliographer1656

calligrapher1662

librarian1670

copist1682

copyist1699

calligraph1801

copiator1811

calligraphist1816

copying clerk1836

chirographer1848

1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. Pref. 5 The Latine Copy-clarke..hath enfarced these words.

copy desk n. U.S. the desk where copy is edited for printing.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printing trade > [noun] > printing establishment > desk where copy edited

copy desk1929

1929 M. Lief Hangover 235 It got past the copy desk for the first edition and then some wise guy caught it and killed it in the others.

1932 E. Wilson Devil take Hindmost ii. 7 At the offices of The New Leader..the Socialists have..cups of coffee..piled on a tray on the copy desk.

copy editor n. one who edits copy for printing.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > journalism > journalist > editor of journal or newspaper > [noun] > copy editor

copy editor1899

rewrite man1901

1899 J. L. Williams Stolen Story 24 The copy-editors began gathering in now.

1931 Notes & Queries 29 Aug. 146/1 The copy editor, in preparing the despatch for the printer, began with the last clause of the note.

1969 J. Bennett Dragon viii. 104 This stringer..sniffed out the story and filed it to New York, where a copy editor promptly spiked it.

copy-edit v. ; also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > journalism > editing > edit [verb (transitive)] > copy-edit

copy-edit1953

1953 M. Cowley in F. S. Fitzgerald Tender is Night (rev. ed.) Introd. p. xvi The manuscript was never copy-edited by others.

1958 E. J. West Shaw on Theatre p. v Many of the pieces..were copy-edited to conform to the house usages of the publications..that first printed them.

1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio vii. 125 To copy edit a tape, the selected material is recorded to a make-up tape.

copy-editing n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > [noun] > copy editing

copy-editing1962

1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 246 Copy editing, the copying of selected extracts from recorded material into sequence on a main programme assembly tape. Subsequent fine editing will generally be necessary.

copy-fit v. (transitive) to fit (copy) to the space available.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > preparatory processes > [verb (transitive)] > fit copy to space available

copy-fit1948

1948 Library III. 155 Edition II was copy-fitted against edition I.

1948 Library III. 158 The right-hand margins of II are almost perfectly regular, and were demonstrably copy-fitted to make them so.

copy-fitting n. (see quot. 1961).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > preparatory processes > [noun] > fitting copy to space available

copy-fitting1948

1948 Library III. 155 I propose to demonstrate, through evidence of copy-fitting in II,..the correctness of the traditional order of I and II.

1961 T. Landau Encycl. Librarianship (ed. 2) 101/2 Copy fitting, adjusting copy to the space prepared, either by verbal changes or by suitable changes in type size.

copy-head n. the line of writing placed at the head of the page of a copybook to be imitated by the pupil.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > a line in a book > placed at head of copybook page

copy-line1843

copy-head1862

1862 Athenæum 30 Aug. 279 ‘There is nothing’ (as the copy-head says) ‘which is denied to well-directed labour’.

1877 Daily News 5 Oct. 5/2 The great adage is current in copyheads.

copy-line n. = copy-head n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > a line in a book > placed at head of copybook page

copy-line1843

copy-head1862

1843 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 209 As the copy-line says, ‘procrastination is the root of all evil’.

copy-holder n. (a) a clasp for holding printer's copy while being set up; (b) a proof-reader's assistant who reads the copy aloud to the proof-reader.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printer > readers, collators, etc. > [noun] > proof-reader's assistant

reading boy1808

copy-holder1888

1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 701/2 This proof is read through and compared with the copy by the proof reader or corrector of the press and an assistant, the copy~holder or reading boy.

1888 Congr. Rec. 24 Jan. 666/1 Persons employed in the Printing Office under the names of proof-readers and copyholders.

1897 Daily News 2 June 12/6 Copyholder (expd.) seeks Grass or Permanency.

1906 Daily Chron. 14 June 5/5 A copyholder and assistant reader on a London morning-paper.

1951 S. Jennett Making of Bks. vi. 87 A copyholder is then called, to read aloud from the author's manuscript or typescript while the reader follows the wording of the proof, checking it with what the copyholder is reading.

copy-hunting n. and adj. hunting for ‘copy’ (sense A. 9c).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > journalism > [noun] > collecting copy

copy-hunting1900

1900 Kynoch Jrnl. Feb.–Mar. 75/1 This point is invariably missed by non-shooting writers when copy-hunting.

1913 ‘S. Rohmer’ Myst. Dr. Fu-Manchu xviii. 189 Places unknown even to the ubiquitous copy-hunting pressman.

copy-land n. see B. 2.

copy-maker n. a copywriter.

ΚΠ

1908 Daily Chron. 21 Sept. 4/6 The Telephone Company now maintains a special Directory Department where twenty expert copy-makers are constantly employed.

copy-paper n. paper on which copy is written for the press.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > other types of paper

writing paper1610

gilt paper1645

chancery-double1712

stamp paper1765

satin paper1776

cardstock1840

tablet paper1876

quadrille1884

P.O.P.1895

copy-paper1902

Silurian1942

sticky note1978

1902 E. Banks Autobiogr. Newspaper Girl 259 The great pads of copy paper supplied by the telegraph office for newspaper correspondents.

1907 Daily Chron. 18 Oct. 4/4 There is brown paper and notepaper and copy-paper and..newspaper.

1969 R. Busby Robbery Blue iv. 34 Sheaves of pink and blue copy-paper..torn from the copy-takers' typewriters.

copy-press n. U.S. a copying press.

ΚΠ

1911 L. V. Vance Cynthia 46 The lines of typewritten words, blurred and befogged with purple by the copy-press.

copy-purchaser n. one who purchases a MS. for press.

ΚΠ

1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle IV. ci. 88 His importance among the copy-purchasers in town.

copy-read v.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > correction > correct [verb (transitive)] > read copy for book or newspaper

copy-read1945

1945 Eng. Lang. in Amer. Educ. (Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer.) iii. 24 The student who plans to be a secretary should be sure to develop the ability to spell and punctuate correctly and to copyread what he has written.

copy-reader n. one who reads copy for a newspaper or a book; also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printer > readers, collators, etc. > [noun] > reader or selector of copy

copy-reader1892

copy-taster1942

1892 Harper's Weekly 9 Jan. 42/4 Upon the taste, the good judgment, and discretion of these copy-readers the character of the paper very greatly depends.

1903 E. L. Shuman Pract. Journalism 18 Each of these departments has a force of copy-readers, whose duty it is to edit the matter written by the reporters.

copy-reading n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > correction > [noun] > copy-reading or correction

press-correction1853

copy-reading1903

1903 E. L. Shuman Pract. Journalism 25 In the first ten years the young journalist masters reporting, copy-reading, and the rest of the routine work.

copy-slip n. a slip of paper on which a writing-copy is written (cf. copy-head n.

ΚΠ

1838 C. Gilman Recoll. Southern Matron xxviii. 194 One set of copy~slips was to be substituted for another.

1865 Pall Mall Gaz. 22 May 1 To go to the country with the cry of Church and Queen...this kind of copyslip policy.

copy-taster n. one who selects copy for printing.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printer > readers, collators, etc. > [noun] > reader or selector of copy

copy-reader1892

copy-taster1942

1942 Sphere 27 June 409/1 All tape and agency news comes to the chief copy-taster in the main room.

1962 ‘A. Lejeune’ Duel in Shadows i. 11 The Managing Editor and his myrmidons huddled round the backbench examining a damp page-proof, the copy-taster's spike piled high with rejected stories.

copy-text n. (see quot. 1904).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > specimen to be copied

copy1583

copy-text1904

1904 R. B. McKerrow Wks. Nashe p. xi The spelling of the copy-text, by which..I mean the text used in each particular case as the basis of mine, has been followed exactly.

1964 F. Bowers Bibliogr. & Textual Crit. i. 2 The choice of copy-text was not a particularly acute question.

1964 F. Bowers Bibliogr. & Textual Crit. vi. iv. 201 Evidence in Othello at first sight contrary to the Q copy-text hypothesis.

copy-typist n. one who makes typewritten copies of documents, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > typing > typist > [noun] > copy

copy-typist1939

1939 Daily Tel. 6 Feb. 18/5 (advt.) A young lady, aged 19 required. Must be an efficient copy typist.

1960 Economist 8 Oct. 171/1 The copy typist in a typing pool.

copy-type v.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > typing > type [verb (transitive)] > in specific manner

type-copy1890

copy-type1956

1956 ‘C. Blackstock’ Dewey Death i. 5 They copy-typed in French, German, Italian and Russian, without understanding one word.

copy-typing n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > typing > [noun] > manner of

touch-typing1905

audio-typing1959

copy-typing1959

1959 Times Lit. Suppl. 9 Oct. 577/2 The time taken up on purely secretarial work, copy~typing, [etc.].

copywriter n. a writer of copy for the press; spec. a writer of advertising copy (see sense A. 9d).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > journalism > journalist > [noun] > copy-writer

copywriter1911

society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > advertising > advertising in the press > [noun] > text of advertisement > writing of > one who

copywriter1911

1911 T. Russell Advertising & Publicity ix. 96 An advertiser can..employ what are known as copy~writers—professional writers of advertisements.

1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) § 789 Copy-writer (advertising); composes or writes the descriptive matter (copy) for advertisements.

1929 Let. to Editor 20 May (O.E.D. Archive) The word ‘tubbable’ has been used by copywriters for, I should say, at least ten years.

1935 Archit. Rev. 77 129/2 They have paid copy-writers and poster-designers to ‘put them across’ in nation-wide publicity drives.

1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 15 Aug. p. xxiii/1 They are to the gentleman publisher what ideas men, public relations experts, copy-writers, and designers are to the common industrialist.

copywriting n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > journalism > [noun] > copy-writing

copywriting1923

society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > advertising > advertising in the press > [noun] > text of advertisement > writing of

copywriting1923

1923 H. Crane Let. 18 Feb. (1965) 126 Truly, you must look for some editorial post, copywriting job, or something that will relieve you of such strains.

1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 26 Dec. 748/5 Perhaps not surprisingly, copywriting (or ‘wordsmithing’, as one executive dubbed it) is the least important department of the business.

C2. See also copybook n., copyhold n., copy-money n.

Draft additions September 2017

Irish English and South Asian. A blank book for schoolwork, notes, etc.; a notebook, jotter. Cf. copybook n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > pad of paper > notebook

bookOE

notebook1565

tablebook1582

manuscript book1593

notary1651

pocketbook1660

tablets1773

jotter1882

pencil tablet1882

ring book1891

carnet1897

telephone pad1900

notepad1922

copy1943

1943 Bell Oct. 60 The remaining one-and-ninepence ha'penny goes on such things as salt, mending materials, matches, ‘copies’ and pencils for the children, and on Sunday's dinner.

1968 R. K. Jain Essentials Eng. Teaching (ed. 2) vi. 91 Often do teachers neglect this aspect and shout, as soon as the stage of writing is arrived at, ‘Take out your copies and pencils’, etc.

2007 R. Jalil tr. ‘Premchand’ Winter's Night vii. 85 Once, I saw the following written in his copy: Special, Ameena, Brothers-Brothers, [etc.].

2012 Sunday Business Post (Ireland) (Nexis) 19 Aug. (Personal Finance section) Buy things like copies and pencils in bulk if you see a special offer, as you can use them later in the academic year or even the following year.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

copyv.¹

Brit.

/ˈkɒpi/, U.S.

/ˈkɑpi/

Forms: see the noun.

Etymology: < French copier, < medieval Latin copiāre to transcribe, < cōpia : see copy n.

a. transitive. To make a copy of (a writing); to transcribe (from an original).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > manner of writing > copying or transcribing > copy or transcribe [verb (transitive)]

descrivea1382

copy1387

descrya1400

take1418

describea1513

exemplify1542

transcribe1552

escribe1558

copy1563

transcript1593

exscribe1608

transcrive1665

scriven1742

autograph1829

1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 69 Gerebertus hadde i-write and i-copied al this philosofres bookes.

c1425 Hampole's Psalter Metr. Pref. 49 Copyed has this Sauter ben of yuel men of lollardry.

c1490 Promptorium Parvulorum 92 (MS. K) Copyyn, copio.

1683 W. Salmon Doron Medicum ii. 523 A Physician coppied it from the original letter.

1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 45/1 Maha Rajah had bid me copy the papers.

1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 126 I copy it from the writings of M. de Villers.

1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues IV. 4 Philippus..copied them [sc. the Laws] out of the waxen tablets.

b. with out (†forth, †over).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > manner of writing > copying or transcribing > copy or transcribe [verb (transitive)]

descrivea1382

copy1387

descrya1400

take1418

describea1513

exemplify1542

transcribe1552

escribe1558

copy1563

transcript1593

exscribe1608

transcrive1665

scriven1742

autograph1829

1563 A. Nowell in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) (Camden) 20 I have caused it to be coopied out ageine.

1611 Bible (King James) Prov. xxv. 1 Prouerbes of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah..copied out.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. ii. 1 Let this be coppied out, And keepe it safe for our remembrance.

1663 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 332 Tyme for coppying forth of the same.

1751 E. Haywood Hist. Betsy Thoughtless II. xii. 141 She..got one..to copy it [sc. this letter] over.

1881 J. Russell Haigs of Bemersyde i. 21 [He] has copied it out in full.

c. To send a copy of (a letter, etc.) to a third party; to provide (someone) with copies of correspondence, etc., on a particular subject for information. (Common in office use.)

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > action of informing > give (information) [verb (transitive)] > inform (a person) > provide (someone) with copies

copy1983

1983 J. Fuller Convergence xxiii. 247 LaSalle pushed a file jacket across the table, and Harper flipped through the pages... ‘You'll copy me on all this?’ said Harper.

1986 Daily Tel. 16 Jan. 2/4 This letter is addressed to you and is not being copied to any other party.

1987 Which? May 213/3 Write to British Rail…You can copy your letter to the Central Transport Consultative Committee.

a. To make a copy of (a picture, or other work of art); also to reproduce or represent (an object) in a picture or other work of art.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [verb (transitive)] > imitate or reproduce

copya1616

pastiche1914

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > [verb (transitive)] > copy work of art

copya1616

reproduce1838

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iv. 187 I like the worke well..I'de haue it coppied .

1655 E. Terry Voy. E.-India 135 They are excellent at Limning, and will coppie out any picture they see to the life.

1719 J. Richardson Art Crit. 153 He that works by Invention or the Life, endeavouring to Coppy Nature..makes an Original.

1719 J. Richardson Art Crit. 174 If a Larger Picture be Coppied.

1827 Gentleman's Mag. 97 ii. 580 Columns of the Corinthian order..copied from the Choragic monument of Lysicrates.

1850 R. W. Emerson Plato in Representative Men ii. 73 The potters copied his [Socrates'] ugly face on their stone jugs.

b. Computing. To read (data stored in one location), or the data in (a disc, etc.), and reproduce it in another. (Const. from the first location to (or into, etc.) the second.)

ΘΚΠ

society > computing and information technology > data > database > use data [verb (transitive)] > store > copy or transfer

to read out1946

copy1953

dump1956

list1958

recall1966

to roll out1969

import1977

upload1977

export1982

society > communication > correspondence > sending items > send items [verb (transitive)] > send copy of letter

carbon copy1975

copy1985

cc1990

1953 Proc. IRE 41 1272/1 After Write..a sequence of Copy instructions is given. Each Copy specifies an address..from which the next word is to be copied for the purpose of writing.

1968 N. Chapin 360 Programming iv. 64 The computer can copy data from a zoned field, but change the code to packed-decimal for the receiving field.

1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing iv. 72 Computers often reproduce information by copying data e.g. from a memory cell to a register or vice versa.

1975 Polivka & Pakin APL viii. 362 Copying does interfere with the contents of the active workspace..if a name being copied in is the same as a name already in the workspace.

1978 Communications ACM 21 351/1 An algorithm is presented for copying an arbitrarily linked list structure into a block of contiguous storage locations without destroying the original list.

1984 dBASE II User Man. iii. 55 If the SDF clause is specified, then the file in USE is copied to another file without the structure.

1985 P. Laurie Databases i. 38 A ‘tape streamer’..will copy the whole hard disk straight onto tape in a few minutes.

a. figurative. To make or form an imitation of (anything); to imitate, reproduce, follow.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (transitive)]

evenlecheOE

resemble?c1400

imitate1534

sequest1567

succeed1577

act1599

pattern1601

similize1606

like1613

echoa1616

sample1616

ape1634

transcribe1646

copy1648

copy1649

mime1728

borrowa1847

to make likea1881

replicate1915

1648 R. Crashaw Delights Muses (ed. 2) 59 Could she [nature] in all her births but coppie thee.

a1667 A. Cowley Several Disc. by Way of Ess., Verse & Prose 125 in Wks. (1668) An Ode of Horace, not exactly copy'd, but rudely imitated.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 164. §4 When the original is well chosen and judiciously copied, the imitator often arrives at excellence.

1785 W. Cowper Tirocinium in Task 649 A wish to copy what he must admire.

a1828 D. Stewart Wks. (1854) I. 35 We copy instinctively the voices of our companions.

†b. with out (figurative from 1b, 2). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (transitive)]

evenlecheOE

resemble?c1400

imitate1534

sequest1567

succeed1577

act1599

pattern1601

similize1606

like1613

echoa1616

sample1616

ape1634

transcribe1646

copy1648

copy1649

mime1728

borrowa1847

to make likea1881

replicate1915

1649 R. Lovelace Poems (1864) 103 Mightiest monarchs..May coppy out their proudest, richest looke.

a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) ix. i. 380 God hath copyed out himself in all created being.

1691 J. Dryden King Arthur v. i. 51 To Copy out their Great Forefathers Fame.

4. absol. or intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (intransitive)]

copy1680

society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [verb (intransitive)] > imitate or copy

copy1680

pastiche1957

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > [verb (intransitive)] > copy

copy1680

1680 E. Hickeringill Curse ye Meroz 33 He will neither coppy after Christ, nor St. Paul.

1680 J. Dryden in J. Dryden et al. tr. Ovid Epist. Pref. sig. a3^v When a Painter Copies from the life.

1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) Pref. p. cv Those that copy after his Adversaries in their infamous way of writing.

1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres 192 An end put to Authors copying from one another.

1772 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. (1782) I. 395 They must have had an original to copy after.

1857 J. Ruskin Polit. Econ. Art ii. 125 No painter who is worth a straw ever will copy.

Draft additions September 2008

copy-protected adj. Computing (of software or hardware) having some form of copy protection.

ΚΠ

1982 N.Y. Times 9 May f17/3 The only programs we sold last year that were copy protected were protected because we bought them from outside authors who insisted on it.

1990 Amiga User Internat. May 42/3 The KCS package comes as a single, copy protected, disk.

2006 PC Gamer Apr. 124/4 Apple's plan is for us to buy pre-formatted, copy-protected movie files from its..iTunes store.

Draft additions September 2008

copy protection n. Computing protection against unauthorized copying incorporated in the recording, program, etc., to be protected.

ΚΠ

1982 Mag. Rev. in net.micro (Usenet newsgroup) 28 Jan. Much space in the publication is devoted to educating the user about DOS and copy protection methods.

1993 Guardian 26 Aug. ii. 21/2 The only drawback is that Cubase uses a hardware copy protection device, a dongle.

2001 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 18 Oct. d7/3 I am a strong believer in copy protection and have never distributed or used pirated software.

2002 Sound & Vision May 76/1 If your player can handle DVD-Audio discs, it will definitely have six analog outputs..since DVD-A's copy protection won't let you send the signals digitally.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	copy
释义	copyn.adj. Brit. /ˈkɒpi/, U.S. /ˈkɑpi/ Forms: Middle English–1600s copye, Middle English–1700s copie, (Middle English kopy, Middle English coopy, 1500s coopie), 1500s coppye, 1500s–1600s coppie, 1500s–1700s coppy, Middle English– copy. Etymology: < French copie (13th cent. in Littré) = Provençal copia, < Latin cōpia abundance, plenty, multitude. Branch II, found in medieval Latin and all the Romanic languages, and from which all the English sense-development starts, appears to have arisen out of such Latin phrases as dare vel habere copiam legendi to give, or have, the power of reading, facere copiam describendi to give the power of transcription, to allow a transcript to be made, whence medieval Latin copia ‘transcript’. A. n. †I. Abundance, plenty. 1. a. Plenty, abundance, a copious quantity. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] > an abundance plentya1250 foison13.. abundance1340 copyc1375 fultha1400 plentya1425 murth?a1450 store1471 sonsea1500 banquet?1507 fouth1535 choice1584 horn of plenty (also abundancec1595 wealth1596 cornucopia1611 rifea1614 copia1713 bumper1759 beaucoup1760 lashings1829 plethora1835 any amount (of)1848 in galore1848 opulence1878 binder1881 lushing1890 c1375 J. Barbour Troy-bk. ii. 774 Of teres full gret copye. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 301 Spayne..haþ grete copy and plente of castell. 1514 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 58 If there be copie of prestes. 1593 T. Lodge Life & Death William Long Beard Addr. to Rdr. No conceits..but such as have coppy of new coined words. 1607 J. Carpenter Plaine Mans Spirituall Plough 209 All that copie or riches..is nought else but extreame povertie. a1637 B. Jonson Magnetick Lady ii. i. 19 in Wks. (1640) III Ple. Which would you choose, now Mistris? Pla. Cannot tell. The copie does confound one. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Copie, plenty, abundance. b. Fullness, plenitude. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] speedOE fulsomenesslOE wonea1300 fulsomeheada1325 cheapc1325 largitya1382 plenteousnessa1382 plenteoustea1382 plentya1382 abundancec1384 affluencec1390 largenessc1400 uberty?a1412 aboundingc1425 fullness1440 copiousness1447 rifenessc1450 copy1484 abundancy?1526 copiosity1543 plentifulness1555 ampleness1566 umberty?1578 acquire1592 amplitude1605 plentitude1609 plenitude1614 fertility1615 profluence1623 fluency1624 flushness1662 rowtha1689 sonsea1689 affluentness1727 raff1801 richness1814 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope 295 Requyrynge hym that she might haue the copye of his loue. a1500 Orol. Sap. in Anglia X. 371 In þe copye of grete delytes. c. esp. of language: Copiousness, abundance, fullness, richness. copy of words: = Latin copia verborum. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > [noun] > abundance of vocabulary copy1531 copiousness1642 copia verborum1713 1531 T. Elyot Gouernour i. x. sig. Dvii Whereby he shall..attaine plentie of the tongues called Copie. 1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. B1 To excell in variety of sentences, and copy of wordes coyned all of one suite. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes The copie and varietie of our sweete-mother-toong. 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. iii. 22 The proprietie, puritie and copie of our English tongue. 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. viii. 117 To get propriety and copie of words and phrases. a1637 B. Jonson Eng. Gram. Pref., in Wks. (1640) III The Copie of it, and Matchablenesse, with other tongues. d. ? = cornucopia n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > source of supply > abundant > horn of plenty copy1592 cornucopia1592 horn of plenty (also abundancec1595 1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 46^v Euerie one of them in their right hand did holde a copie full of all kinde of fruites. 1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 98^v In hir right hand she held a copie full of rype graine. II. A transcript or reproduction of an original. 2. A writing transcribed from, and reproducing the contents of, another; a transcript. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > transcript or copy transcriptc1290 copyc1330 exemplara1382 again-writingc1384 transumption1412 tenorc1450 examplea1475 transumpt1480 duplicate1532 exemplary1534 double1543 duplicament1574 manuscript1600 apograph1601 exscript1609 exscription1637 transcription1649 autograph1868 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 293 The barons..Of þing þat þei wild ask bad him þe copie bere. 1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 50 Þat we shuld send ȝou a kopy of our statuȝ. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xxxv Copyes were made of the sayd Statutes. 1555 R. Eden tr. Coppie of Bull in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 171 The coppie of the Bull. 1563 A. Nowell in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) (Camden) 20 The coopie of the Catechism which I caused to be wryten out. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 106 The Copy of a Sermon. View more context for this quotation 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iv. xvi. 338 Though the attested Copy of a Record be good proof, yet the Copy of a Copy never so well attested..will not be admitted as a proof in Judicature. 1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 45/1 The copy I wrote remained with..Nundocomar; the original remained with Pudmohun Doss. 1875 F. H. A. Scrivener 6 Lect. Text New Test. 5 No such perfect similarity between the copy and the original. 3. A picture, or other work of art, reproducing the features of another. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [noun] > types of > copy copy1574 reproduction1701 replica1824 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > [noun] > a painting > copy copy1574 ricordo1904 1574 J. Baret Aluearie C 1180 An example written or painted out, a copie or pattorne. 1719 J. Richardson Sci. Connoisseur 150 If any One says That Picture is a Copy I'll break his Head. 1719 J. Richardson Art Crit. 176 Coppies are usually made by Inferiour Hands. 1749 Berkeley Wks. IV. 319 The third [picture] is a copy, and ill-coloured. 1801 H. Fuseli Lect. Painting I. i. 6 Our language, or rather those who use it, generally confound, when speaking of the art, copy with imitation, though essentially different in operation and meaning. 1857 J. Ruskin Polit. Econ. Art ii. 125 Never buy a copy of a picture... All copies are bad; because no painter who is worth a straw ever will copy. 1879 J. Lubbock Sci. Lect. v. 156 Some of the bronze axes appear to be mere copies of the earlier stone ones. 4. figurative. a. Something made or formed, or regarded as made or formed, in imitation of something else; a reproduction, image, or imitation. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > an imitation resemblant1484 patterna1500 counterfeiture1548 counterfeit1587 idol1590 reduplication1592 copy1596 module1608 imitationa1616 mockage1615 echo1622 conduplicationa1631 transcript1646 ectype1647 mime1650 duplicating1659 mimicry1688 replication1692 shadow1693 reproduction1701 mimication?1715 repetition1774 replicate1821 autotype1829 replica1841 re-creation1915 retake1922 mock-up1957 reprise1961 1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. Ded. 83 The practise of these Bishops, and perhaps their copies. 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. i. 281 My brother hath a daughter, Almost the copie of my child thats dead. View more context for this quotation a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) iv. v. 334 I see but as it were a Copy or Transcript of the first created nature of Man in the first Individuals. 1739 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature I. i. 22 Of this impression there is a copy taken by the mind. 1780 W. Cowper Table Talk 614 A rough copy of the Christian face Without the smile, the sweetness, or the grace. 1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters xx. 509 Pompey, the Clown, is a copy from the life. 1890 Sir A. Kekewich in Law Times Rep. 63 764/1 When one finds one drama to a great extent a copy of another. †b. A specimen, instance, example. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > [noun] > exemplifying some rule, activity, quality, etc. asaumplea1250 evidencec1391 piecea1393 examplea1398 samplera1400 exemplarc1475 paradigm1483 instant1560 precedenta1575 exemplification1582 exemplary1583 instance1592 instancy1613 copy1641 specimen1659 patron saint1803 for instance1959 1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper ii. 91 A little Child..a faire copy of meekenesse and innocency. a1655 R. Vines Treat. Lords-supper 209 Was this a copy of his particular zeal? c. A page or specimen of penmanship written after a model: cf. A. 8b. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > copy of specimen copy1893 1893 N.E.D. at Copy Mod. You must write a copy every morning to improve your penmanship. The writing of copies as school-impositions. 5. a. English Law. The transcript of the manorial court-roll, containing entries of the admissions of tenants, according to the custom of the manor, to land held by such tenants in the tenure hence called copyhold n. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > [noun] > proof of > document > with reference to copyhold land copy1463 1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 34 I wil and graunte to the seid Jenete Whitwelle my yeeris that I haue be copy in the medwe at Babwelle. 1503–4 Act 19 Hen. VII c. 37 §2 Landes Tenementes..Leeses and Fermes as well holden by copye as otherwyse. 1548 R. Crowley Informacion & Peticion sig. Bi At the vacation of his Copie or Indentur, he must paye welmoste as muche as woulde purchayse so much grownde. 1580 T. Lupton Siuqila 142 Whiche, if he perceyve to stand free, then he maye buy it, or take it by coppy or lease. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 60 a These tenants are called tenants by Copie of Court Rolle, because they haue no other euidence concerning their tenements, but onely the Copies of Court Rolles. 1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 95. 1885 Sir F. North in Law Times Rep. 53 504/2 The several tenements may be comprised in one copy. b. A holding by copy, copyhold n. ΚΠ a1626 L. Andrewes Serm. (1843) V. 27 What poor man's right, what widow's copy, or what orphan's legacy would have been safe? 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. vi. 268 Waltham-Abbey (for Benedictines..) had its Copie altered by King Henry the second, and bestowed on Augustinians. figurative.a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. ii. 39 Macb. Thou know'st, that Banquo and his Fleans liues. Lady. But in them, Natures Coppie's not eterne. View more context for this quotation III. Without reference to an original. 6. a. One of the various (written or printed) specimens of the same writing or work; an individual example of a manuscript or print. (The ordinary word in this sense.)Originally, the idea of ‘transcript’ or ‘reproduction’ was of course present; but in later use an original edition itself consists of so many ‘copies’. In fair copy, clean copy of a writing, the idea of ‘transcript’ is distinctly present; but it disappears when the original draft is called the rough or foul copy. The word is much used in bibliography, as in ‘early copy, tall copy, uncut copy, large paper copy, Mr. Grenville's copy, the British Museum copy,’ etc. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > copy > [noun] exemplara1382 rescripta1425 exemplary1534 copy1538 multicopy1947 1477 W. Caxton in Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (1877) lf. 74 I am not in certayn wheder it was in my lordis copye or not.] 1538 Bible (Coverdale) Ded. In many places one copy hath either more or less than another. 1576 A. Fleming tr. C. Matius in Panoplie Epist. 114 So are the woordes set down in three auncient copies. 1625 J. Ussher Let. 2 May in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Lit. Men (1843) 132 Touching the Samaritan Pentateuch, the copye which I have is about three hundred yeares old. 1689 Gazophylacium Anglicanum Pref. sig. Avja Being printed from a foul Copy. 1711 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1889) III. 242 3 Copies of the fourth, and 4 of the V^th Vol. of Leland. 1773 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. II. 102 All our present copies..agree with one another. 1817 tr. ‘L. A. C. Bombet’ Life of Haydn xv, in Life of Haydn & Life of Mozart 180 His rough copies [of MS. music] are full of different passages. 1850 C. Dickens Let. 16 Sept. (1988) VI. 169 The acting copy is much altered from the old play. 1872 J. A. H. Murray in Complaynt Scotl. Introd. p. xvi Of the book in these circumstances given to the world, only four copies are known to have come down to recent times. 1872 J. A. H. Murray in Complaynt Scotl. Introd. p. xviii Leyden writing in 1801, says, ‘all four copies were imperfect.’ 1893 N.E.D. at Copy Mod. Of how many copies does the edition consist? †b. Formerly sometimes with the force of ‘text’, ‘version’, or ‘edition’. ΚΠ 1538 [see sense A. 6a]. 1599 A. Day Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) To Rdr. sig. A3^v The copies before this, haue bene..erroniously many wayes deliuered. 1830 J. H. Monk Life R. Bentley xvii. 511 They read him with..more satisfaction in Dr. Bentley's text than in any other copy. 7. a copy of verses: a set of verses, a short composition in verse: now chiefly applied to such a composition (esp. Greek or Latin verses) as a school or college exercise. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > short verse or poem > [noun] > short composition in verse (as exercise) a copy of verses1653 sense verse1743 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 184 I will speak you a Coppie of Verses that were made by Doctor Donne. View more context for this quotation 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 58. ¶13 To present his Mistress with a Copy of Verses made in the Shape of her Fan. 1782 F. Burney Lett. 19 Mar. They have put me again into the newspapers, in a copy of verses made upon literary ladies. 1841 T. B. Macaulay Comic Dramatists in Ess. (1854) I. 574/1 Wycherley..was present at a battle, and celebrated it, on his return, in a copy of verses too bad for the bellman. 1882 R. C. Jebb Life Bentley i. 4 The only relic of Bentley's undergraduate life is a copy of English verses on the Gunpowder Plot. That stirring theme was long a stock subject for College exercises. IV. That which is copied. 8. a. The original writing, work of art, etc. from which a copy is made. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > originality or non-imitation > [noun] > an original copy14.. principal1489 authentic1599 original1683 14.. Tundale's Vis. (colophon) Be it trwe or be it fals Hyt is as the coopy was. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. xxiv. 193 In whiche translacion..I haue to my power folowed my copye. 1586 W. Webbe Disc. Eng. Poetrie sig. E.iii ^v Conferring the translation with the Coppie. 1668 Excellency of Pen & Pencil A ij b The Art of Drawing..by Instructions and Copies so easy and intelligible, that, etc. 1822 C. Lamb in London Mag. Mar. 283/1 The devil..working after my copy. b. spec. A specimen of penmanship to be copied by a pupil. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > specimen to be copied copy1583 copy-text1904 1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 339 Give us a copie now if it please you [It. una mostra da scrivere]. 1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 363 Let me give you an other copie, which, God willing, you shall write tomorrow. 1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iv. ii. 89 I tooke him setting of boyes coppies. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xi. 178 There is more required to teach one to write then to see a coppy. 1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. ii. viii. 182 Why the Scholar writeth not like his Copy? 1825 in W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 967 The first copy I wrote after, with its moral lesson ‘Art improves Nature’. 1891 Illustr. Mag. IX. 285 Edith looked at the copybook. The copies had been set by herself. †c. figurative. Pattern, example. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [noun] > a pattern or model of conduct bysenc950 ensample1297 mirrora1300 ensamplerc1374 examplea1382 foregoer1382 exemplara1393 essamplerie1393 forbyseninga1400 patternc1425 spectaclec1430 precedent1535 spectable1535 foregoinga1586 modela1586 copya1616 leading card1635 patron saint1803 fugleman1814 fore-mark1863 parable1894 a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. ii. 113 The Copie of your speede is learn'd by them. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. ii. 46 Such a man Might be a copie to these yonger times. View more context for this quotation a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Suff. 58 Doctor Taylor set Archbishop Cranmer..a Copy of Patients. 1677 A. Yarranton England's Improvem. 53 In preparing..of the Flax..This is the way they do it in Germany, and thou mayest write by their Copy. 1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 252 Every officer and private man..imitated the intrepid copy of their martial leader. 9. a. Printing. Manuscript (or printed) matter prepared for printing. (Now always without a and plural)Formerly used in a sense nearer to 8: a MS. or other exemplar which is printed from, or serves as ‘copy’, though not specially prepared for that purpose. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > material to be printed > [noun] copy1485 matter1683 1485 W. Caxton in Malory's Morte Darthur Pref. sig. iij And I accordyng to my copye haue doon sette it in enprynte. 1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. To Rdr. sig. iv^v Doctour Cunnyngham, who was no smal helpe to me in..perusynge the copies written [i.e.* for the printer]. 1590 ‘Pasquil’ First Pt. Pasquils Apol. sig. B When he carried his coppie to the Presse. 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. H3 More Copie, More Copie; we leese a great deale of time for want of Text. 1652 T. Urquhart Εκσκυβαλαυρον Ep. Liminary sig. A8 I usually afforded the setter Copy at the rate of above a whole printed sheet in the day. 1676 J. Ray Corr. (1848) 123 I have been lately solicited to reprint my Catalogue..and have sent the copy up to London as it is. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1733 I. 39 Johnson engaged to supply the press with copy as it should be wanted. 1827 W. Scott Two Drovers Introd., in Chron. Canongate 1st Ser. I. xiii. 289 He is neither more nor less than an imp of the devil, come to torment me for copy. 1877 ‘H. A. Page’ T. De Quincey: Life & Writings II. xvii. 40 The doom that visited bits of his own copy and proof-sheets. †b. Property in ‘copy’; = copyright n. Obsolete.In its beginnings, only contextually differing from 9: the registration and licensing of the ‘copy’ or ‘copies’ proposed to be printed, conferred the ‘right’. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [noun] > copyhold copyhold1483 copy1577 copyholding1887 society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > performing or publishing rights > copyright copy1577 copyright1735 international copyright1833 1577 Stationers' Reg. II. lf. 140 j^mo Julij Lycensed vnto H. Bynneman theise ij. copies. 1580 in E. Arber Transcript Reg. Company of Stationers 1554–1640 (1875) II. 173b John harrison. Assigned ouer from hugh Singleton to haue the sheppardes callender which was hughe Singletons copie. 1589 Stationers' Reg. II. lf. 251 b Master Ponsonby. Entered for his Copye, a booke intytuled the fayrye Queene. 1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion v. 3 [Other authors] lived on what was given them for their Copies. 1710 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) VI. 549 Securing the property of copies in books to the right owners. 1765 L. Sterne Let. 16 Mar. in Lett. 1765–8 (2009) 401 Which will bring me in three hundred pounds, exclusive of the sale of the copy. 1781 S. Johnson Addison in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets V. 52 Steele..sold the copy for fifty guineas. c. That which lends itself to interesting narration in a book, newspaper, etc.; material for a story. ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > journal > matter of or for journals > [noun] > copy flimsy1857 copy1886 1886 O. Wilde Reviews (1908) 99 Miss Broughton has been attending the meetings of the Psychical Society in search of copy. 1889 G. B. Shaw Fabian Ess. Socialism 183 Those Socialist speeches which make what the newspapers call ‘good copy’. 1915 A. D. Gillespie Let. 24 May in Lett. from Flanders (1916) 165 It's a damnable thing to treat this war as so much material for ‘good copy’. 1916 Beerbohm in Cornhill Mag. June 735 ‘Tell me your adventures.’ ‘They'd make first-rate “copy”, wouldn't they?’ 1930 W. S. Churchill My Early Life xxvii. 359 I scampered about the moving cavalry screens searching in the carelessness of youth for every scrap of adventure, experience or copy. 1934 E. Bowen in G. Greene Old School 52 One or two of the girls fell in love in the holidays, but something in the atmosphere made it impossible to talk of this naturally without seeming at once to make copy of it. 1965 Listener 10 June 865/3 The gaffe of their guest in making copy out of it all, of the BBC in broadcasting it unedited. d. spec. The text of an advertisement. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > advertising > advertising in the press > [noun] > text of advertisement copy1905 1905 E. E. Calkins & R. Holden Art Mod. Advertising viii. 175 The design and ‘copy’ used in the four-inch advertisement may involve just as much time. 1926 G. Russell Nuntius : Advertising iii. 53 The public cannot fairly be expected to believe the verbiage into which much extremely competent advertisement copy is converted by the futile interference of manufacturers. 1933 D. L. Sayers Murder must Advertise iii. 39 Ingleby specialised in snobbish copy about Twentyman's Teas (‘preferred by Fashion's Favourites’). 1967 Word Study Oct. 3/2 Writers..should take care with advertising copy for radio and TV. V. With reference to paper size. 10. Name of a particular size of paper. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > paper > [noun] > sizes of royal paper1497 small paper1497 sheet1510 demy1546 imperial1572 pot1579 quarto1580 grape1611 crown paper1620 foolscap1660 bastard1711 copy1712 crown1712 vigesimo-quarto1864 columbier1875 society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > paper of specific size paper royal1497 paper rial1501 sheet1510 demy1546 imperial1572 pot1579 lily-pot1593 grape1611 cap1620 crown paper1620 post1648 foolscap1660 bastard1711 copy1712 crown1712 Kentish cap1766 vessel of paper1790 antiquarian1815 quartern1819 quatrain1819 Albert note1846 cap-paper1854 sermon paper1855 Albert1859 columbier1875 Albert notepaper1881 cuatro1904 duchess1923 half-imperial- 1712 Act 10 Q. Anne in London Gaz. No. 5018/3 Paper called..bastard or double Copy. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 497 The smallest size of the fine quality..measures 12¹/ ₂ by 15 inches, and is termed pot; next to that foolscap..; then post..; copy, 20 by 16¹/ ₂. Of coarse papers may be mentioned..copy loaf, 16³/ ₄ by 21³/ ₄, 38-lb. B. adj. †1. Abundant. (Cf. dialect ‘plenty money’, etc.) ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adjective] goodeOE broadOE fullOE large?c1225 rifec1225 fulsomea1325 abundanta1382 plenteousa1382 copiousc1384 plentifula1400 ranka1400 aboundc1425 affluentc1425 aboundable?1440 seedy1440 manyfulc1450 ample1472 olda1500 richa1500 flowing1526 fertilent1535 wallingc1540 copy1546 abounding1560 fat1563 numbrous1566 good, great store1569 round1592 redundant1594 fruitful1604 cornucopian1609 much1609 plenty?a1610 pukka1619 redundant1621 uberant1622 swelling1628 uberous1633 numerousa1635 superfluent1648 full tide1649 lucky1649 redounding1667 numerose1692 bumper1836 prolific1890 proliferous1915 1546 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 60 Ther shalbe..fyue masses sade..yf so be that ther be copye companye of prestes suffycyent to celebrate the same. †2. = copyhold n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [adjective] > copyhold copy1502 copyhold1511 society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > a legal holding > [adjective] > held in copyhold copy1502 copyhold1511 1502 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 94 All my londs..w^t all ther apportenents, ffree and copy. 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xi. f. 13^v Bothe charter lande and copye lande. 1538 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 136 The copye close. 1598 T. Bastard Chrestoleros vii. xv. 116 First Mirus coueted a peece of gold..then copie land, and after a freeholde. 1639 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 174 All those my lands, both copy and free. Phrases †P1. to change (turn, alter) one's copy: to change one's style, tone, behaviour, or course of action; to assume another character. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > behave, conduct, or bear oneself [verb (intransitive)] > change one's behaviour to sing another song or a different tune1390 vary1481 to change (turn, alter) one's copy1523 to turn down a leaf1633 tack1637 to sing different1897 snap out of it1918 the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > change of opinion > change one's mind [phrase] to pick (also peck) mooda1225 to turn, wend the luff?c1225 to sing another song or a different tune1390 to waive (one's) wit1390 to change one's minda1500 to change (turn, alter) one's copy1523 to turn (one's) tippet1546 to change one's note1560 to shift hands1611 to face about1645 to change (swap) horses in midstream (while crossing a stream)1864 to sing another tune1890 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxlix. 369 Thus the knyghtes and squyers turned theyr copies on both partes. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Chron. II. cxiii. [cix.] 327 Chaunge your copye, so that we haue no cause to renewe our yuell wylles agaynste you. 1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (ii. 4) He will sodeinly turn his copye. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 751 Callisthenes chaunging coppy, spake boldly many thinges against the Macedonians. 1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 116 Fortune changing her copie, the affaires of the winner decline. 1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 190 I shall change copie from a Duke to a King. 1640 G. Watts tr. F. Bacon Of Advancem. Learning viii. ii. 374 Howsoever we change Copy, we are embased..thereby. 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 106 Hee that writeth Dunce on the..Eve of his Doctorship, doth not alter his copy, and go out Scholler next day. a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 391 Such as lived orderly..had now turn'd their copy..and were fallen. †P2. copy of a conference: memorandum or minutes of a conference; also apparently the agenda or subject matter; the theme. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > written record > [noun] > minutes minute1443 copy of a conference1588 verbal process1590 particularc1600 consulto1659 procès-verbal1807 consulta1877 Mike1986 the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > topic, subject-matter > materials of topic > [noun] > of meeting copy of a conference1588 agenda1832 agendum1886 1588 J. Udall State Church of Eng. sig. C^v One had conference with a Bishop about subscription, and..gaue his friende a coppie of his conference. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) v. i. 63 It was the copie of our Conference. In bed he slept not for my vrging it, At boord he fed not for my vrging it. View more context for this quotation †P3. copy of one's countenance: a mere outward show or sign of what one would do or be; hence, pretence. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > [noun] > instance of showa1500 making-upa1525 shine?1529 face1542 varnish1565 copy of one's countenance1579 false1598 mock-beggar1603 mockerya1616 umbrage1634 simulacrum1833 phoney war1939 1579 S. Gosson Apol. Schoole of Abuse in Ephemerides Phialo f. 81^v They haue..threatned highly, too put water in my woortes, whensoeuer they catche me; I hope it is but a coppy of their countenance, Ad diem fortasse minitantur. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. vii. xxx. 270 If ye [Romans] but shew a copie of your countenance, as if ye would aid and succour us. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxvi. viii. 588 Carried away with every copie of Anniball his countenance [L. ad nutus Hannibalis], and with vaine threats and menaces. 1658 J. Bramhall Schisme Garded i. i. 18 Whatsoever he pra teth..it is but a Copy of his countenance. 1743 H. Fielding Jonathan Wild iii. xiv, in Misc. III. 283 This, as he afterwards confessed on his Death-Bed..was only a Copy of his Countenance. 1779 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) XI. 493 Many who affirmed this, did not believe themselves..it was merely a copy of their countenance. Compounds C1. copy-boy n. one who takes copy from the writer to the printer; a publisher's errand boy. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printer > [noun] > errand-boy devil1683 printer's devil1716 copy-boy1888 1888 R. Kipling Phantom 'Rickshaw 76 The little black copy-boys are whining.., and most of the paper is as blank as Modred's shield. 1928 Boston Evening Transcript 30 Mar. 15/6 As I wrote, a ‘copy boy’ would take away every sheet of my manuscript as fast as it was completed. 1942 W. Stevens Let. 23 Oct. (1967) 424 She thought that she could get a job as a copy boy on one of the local papers. 1961 ‘B. Wells’ Day Earth caught Fire i. 10 Ronnie, a young, eager copy-boy, bustled in with a handful of news slips. † copy-clerk n. Obsolete a copying clerk, a scribe. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > writer > [noun] > copyist librarya1382 scribe1535 exemplifier1552 stationer1576 copier1597 transcriber1610 transcriptor1617 copy-clerk1623 exscribera1631 bibliographer1656 calligrapher1662 librarian1670 copist1682 copyist1699 calligraph1801 copiator1811 calligraphist1816 copying clerk1836 chirographer1848 1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. Pref. 5 The Latine Copy-clarke..hath enfarced these words. copy desk n. U.S. the desk where copy is edited for printing. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printing trade > [noun] > printing establishment > desk where copy edited copy desk1929 1929 M. Lief Hangover 235 It got past the copy desk for the first edition and then some wise guy caught it and killed it in the others. 1932 E. Wilson Devil take Hindmost ii. 7 At the offices of The New Leader..the Socialists have..cups of coffee..piled on a tray on the copy desk. copy editor n. one who edits copy for printing. ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > journalist > editor of journal or newspaper > [noun] > copy editor copy editor1899 rewrite man1901 1899 J. L. Williams Stolen Story 24 The copy-editors began gathering in now. 1931 Notes & Queries 29 Aug. 146/1 The copy editor, in preparing the despatch for the printer, began with the last clause of the note. 1969 J. Bennett Dragon viii. 104 This stringer..sniffed out the story and filed it to New York, where a copy editor promptly spiked it. copy-edit v. ; also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > editing > edit [verb (transitive)] > copy-edit copy-edit1953 1953 M. Cowley in F. S. Fitzgerald Tender is Night (rev. ed.) Introd. p. xvi The manuscript was never copy-edited by others. 1958 E. J. West Shaw on Theatre p. v Many of the pieces..were copy-edited to conform to the house usages of the publications..that first printed them. 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio vii. 125 To copy edit a tape, the selected material is recorded to a make-up tape. copy-editing n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > [noun] > copy editing copy-editing1962 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 246 Copy editing, the copying of selected extracts from recorded material into sequence on a main programme assembly tape. Subsequent fine editing will generally be necessary. copy-fit v. (transitive) to fit (copy) to the space available. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > preparatory processes > [verb (transitive)] > fit copy to space available copy-fit1948 1948 Library III. 155 Edition II was copy-fitted against edition I. 1948 Library III. 158 The right-hand margins of II are almost perfectly regular, and were demonstrably copy-fitted to make them so. copy-fitting n. (see quot. 1961). ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > preparatory processes > [noun] > fitting copy to space available copy-fitting1948 1948 Library III. 155 I propose to demonstrate, through evidence of copy-fitting in II,..the correctness of the traditional order of I and II. 1961 T. Landau Encycl. Librarianship (ed. 2) 101/2 Copy fitting, adjusting copy to the space prepared, either by verbal changes or by suitable changes in type size. copy-head n. the line of writing placed at the head of the page of a copybook to be imitated by the pupil. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > a line in a book > placed at head of copybook page copy-line1843 copy-head1862 1862 Athenæum 30 Aug. 279 ‘There is nothing’ (as the copy-head says) ‘which is denied to well-directed labour’. 1877 Daily News 5 Oct. 5/2 The great adage is current in copyheads. copy-line n. = copy-head n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > a line in a book > placed at head of copybook page copy-line1843 copy-head1862 1843 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 209 As the copy-line says, ‘procrastination is the root of all evil’. copy-holder n. (a) a clasp for holding printer's copy while being set up; (b) a proof-reader's assistant who reads the copy aloud to the proof-reader. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printer > readers, collators, etc. > [noun] > proof-reader's assistant reading boy1808 copy-holder1888 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 701/2 This proof is read through and compared with the copy by the proof reader or corrector of the press and an assistant, the copy~holder or reading boy. 1888 Congr. Rec. 24 Jan. 666/1 Persons employed in the Printing Office under the names of proof-readers and copyholders. 1897 Daily News 2 June 12/6 Copyholder (expd.) seeks Grass or Permanency. 1906 Daily Chron. 14 June 5/5 A copyholder and assistant reader on a London morning-paper. 1951 S. Jennett Making of Bks. vi. 87 A copyholder is then called, to read aloud from the author's manuscript or typescript while the reader follows the wording of the proof, checking it with what the copyholder is reading. copy-hunting n. and adj. hunting for ‘copy’ (sense A. 9c). ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > [noun] > collecting copy copy-hunting1900 1900 Kynoch Jrnl. Feb.–Mar. 75/1 This point is invariably missed by non-shooting writers when copy-hunting. 1913 ‘S. Rohmer’ Myst. Dr. Fu-Manchu xviii. 189 Places unknown even to the ubiquitous copy-hunting pressman. copy-land n. see B. 2. copy-maker n. a copywriter. ΚΠ 1908 Daily Chron. 21 Sept. 4/6 The Telephone Company now maintains a special Directory Department where twenty expert copy-makers are constantly employed. copy-paper n. paper on which copy is written for the press. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > other types of paper writing paper1610 gilt paper1645 chancery-double1712 stamp paper1765 satin paper1776 cardstock1840 tablet paper1876 quadrille1884 P.O.P.1895 copy-paper1902 Silurian1942 sticky note1978 1902 E. Banks Autobiogr. Newspaper Girl 259 The great pads of copy paper supplied by the telegraph office for newspaper correspondents. 1907 Daily Chron. 18 Oct. 4/4 There is brown paper and notepaper and copy-paper and..newspaper. 1969 R. Busby Robbery Blue iv. 34 Sheaves of pink and blue copy-paper..torn from the copy-takers' typewriters. copy-press n. U.S. a copying press. ΚΠ 1911 L. V. Vance Cynthia 46 The lines of typewritten words, blurred and befogged with purple by the copy-press. copy-purchaser n. one who purchases a MS. for press. ΚΠ 1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle IV. ci. 88 His importance among the copy-purchasers in town. copy-read v. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > correction > correct [verb (transitive)] > read copy for book or newspaper copy-read1945 1945 Eng. Lang. in Amer. Educ. (Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer.) iii. 24 The student who plans to be a secretary should be sure to develop the ability to spell and punctuate correctly and to copyread what he has written. copy-reader n. one who reads copy for a newspaper or a book; also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printer > readers, collators, etc. > [noun] > reader or selector of copy copy-reader1892 copy-taster1942 1892 Harper's Weekly 9 Jan. 42/4 Upon the taste, the good judgment, and discretion of these copy-readers the character of the paper very greatly depends. 1903 E. L. Shuman Pract. Journalism 18 Each of these departments has a force of copy-readers, whose duty it is to edit the matter written by the reporters. copy-reading n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > correction > [noun] > copy-reading or correction press-correction1853 copy-reading1903 1903 E. L. Shuman Pract. Journalism 25 In the first ten years the young journalist masters reporting, copy-reading, and the rest of the routine work. copy-slip n. a slip of paper on which a writing-copy is written (cf. copy-head n. ΚΠ 1838 C. Gilman Recoll. Southern Matron xxviii. 194 One set of copy~slips was to be substituted for another. 1865 Pall Mall Gaz. 22 May 1 To go to the country with the cry of Church and Queen...this kind of copyslip policy. copy-taster n. one who selects copy for printing. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printer > readers, collators, etc. > [noun] > reader or selector of copy copy-reader1892 copy-taster1942 1942 Sphere 27 June 409/1 All tape and agency news comes to the chief copy-taster in the main room. 1962 ‘A. Lejeune’ Duel in Shadows i. 11 The Managing Editor and his myrmidons huddled round the backbench examining a damp page-proof, the copy-taster's spike piled high with rejected stories. copy-text n. (see quot. 1904). ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > specimen to be copied copy1583 copy-text1904 1904 R. B. McKerrow Wks. Nashe p. xi The spelling of the copy-text, by which..I mean the text used in each particular case as the basis of mine, has been followed exactly. 1964 F. Bowers Bibliogr. & Textual Crit. i. 2 The choice of copy-text was not a particularly acute question. 1964 F. Bowers Bibliogr. & Textual Crit. vi. iv. 201 Evidence in Othello at first sight contrary to the Q copy-text hypothesis. copy-typist n. one who makes typewritten copies of documents, etc. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > typing > typist > [noun] > copy copy-typist1939 1939 Daily Tel. 6 Feb. 18/5 (advt.) A young lady, aged 19 required. Must be an efficient copy typist. 1960 Economist 8 Oct. 171/1 The copy typist in a typing pool. copy-type v. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > typing > type [verb (transitive)] > in specific manner type-copy1890 copy-type1956 1956 ‘C. Blackstock’ Dewey Death i. 5 They copy-typed in French, German, Italian and Russian, without understanding one word. copy-typing n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > typing > [noun] > manner of touch-typing1905 audio-typing1959 copy-typing1959 1959 Times Lit. Suppl. 9 Oct. 577/2 The time taken up on purely secretarial work, copy~typing, [etc.]. copywriter n. a writer of copy for the press; spec. a writer of advertising copy (see sense A. 9d). ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > journalist > [noun] > copy-writer copywriter1911 society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > advertising > advertising in the press > [noun] > text of advertisement > writing of > one who copywriter1911 1911 T. Russell Advertising & Publicity ix. 96 An advertiser can..employ what are known as copy~writers—professional writers of advertisements. 1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) § 789 Copy-writer (advertising); composes or writes the descriptive matter (copy) for advertisements. 1929 Let. to Editor 20 May (O.E.D. Archive) The word ‘tubbable’ has been used by copywriters for, I should say, at least ten years. 1935 Archit. Rev. 77 129/2 They have paid copy-writers and poster-designers to ‘put them across’ in nation-wide publicity drives. 1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 15 Aug. p. xxiii/1 They are to the gentleman publisher what ideas men, public relations experts, copy-writers, and designers are to the common industrialist. copywriting n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > [noun] > copy-writing copywriting1923 society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > advertising > advertising in the press > [noun] > text of advertisement > writing of copywriting1923 1923 H. Crane Let. 18 Feb. (1965) 126 Truly, you must look for some editorial post, copywriting job, or something that will relieve you of such strains. 1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 26 Dec. 748/5 Perhaps not surprisingly, copywriting (or ‘wordsmithing’, as one executive dubbed it) is the least important department of the business. C2. See also copybook n., copyhold n., copy-money n. Draft additions September 2017 Irish English and South Asian. A blank book for schoolwork, notes, etc.; a notebook, jotter. Cf. copybook n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > pad of paper > notebook bookOE notebook1565 tablebook1582 manuscript book1593 notary1651 pocketbook1660 tablets1773 jotter1882 pencil tablet1882 ring book1891 carnet1897 telephone pad1900 notepad1922 copy1943 1943 Bell Oct. 60 The remaining one-and-ninepence ha'penny goes on such things as salt, mending materials, matches, ‘copies’ and pencils for the children, and on Sunday's dinner. 1968 R. K. Jain Essentials Eng. Teaching (ed. 2) vi. 91 Often do teachers neglect this aspect and shout, as soon as the stage of writing is arrived at, ‘Take out your copies and pencils’, etc. 2007 R. Jalil tr. ‘Premchand’ Winter's Night vii. 85 Once, I saw the following written in his copy: Special, Ameena, Brothers-Brothers, [etc.]. 2012 Sunday Business Post (Ireland) (Nexis) 19 Aug. (Personal Finance section) Buy things like copies and pencils in bulk if you see a special offer, as you can use them later in the academic year or even the following year. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). copyv.¹ Brit. /ˈkɒpi/, U.S. /ˈkɑpi/ Forms: see the noun. Etymology: < French copier, < medieval Latin copiāre to transcribe, < cōpia : see copy n. 1. a. transitive. To make a copy of (a writing); to transcribe (from an original). ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > manner of writing > copying or transcribing > copy or transcribe [verb (transitive)] descrivea1382 copy1387 descrya1400 take1418 describea1513 exemplify1542 transcribe1552 escribe1558 copy1563 transcript1593 exscribe1608 transcrive1665 scriven1742 autograph1829 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 69 Gerebertus hadde i-write and i-copied al this philosofres bookes. c1425 Hampole's Psalter Metr. Pref. 49 Copyed has this Sauter ben of yuel men of lollardry. c1490 Promptorium Parvulorum 92 (MS. K) Copyyn, copio. 1683 W. Salmon Doron Medicum ii. 523 A Physician coppied it from the original letter. 1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 45/1 Maha Rajah had bid me copy the papers. 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 126 I copy it from the writings of M. de Villers. 1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues IV. 4 Philippus..copied them [sc. the Laws] out of the waxen tablets. b. with out (†forth, †over). ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > manner of writing > copying or transcribing > copy or transcribe [verb (transitive)] descrivea1382 copy1387 descrya1400 take1418 describea1513 exemplify1542 transcribe1552 escribe1558 copy1563 transcript1593 exscribe1608 transcrive1665 scriven1742 autograph1829 1563 A. Nowell in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) (Camden) 20 I have caused it to be coopied out ageine. 1611 Bible (King James) Prov. xxv. 1 Prouerbes of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah..copied out. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. ii. 1 Let this be coppied out, And keepe it safe for our remembrance. View more context for this quotation 1663 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 332 Tyme for coppying forth of the same. 1751 E. Haywood Hist. Betsy Thoughtless II. xii. 141 She..got one..to copy it [sc. this letter] over. 1881 J. Russell Haigs of Bemersyde i. 21 [He] has copied it out in full. c. To send a copy of (a letter, etc.) to a third party; to provide (someone) with copies of correspondence, etc., on a particular subject for information. (Common in office use.) ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > action of informing > give (information) [verb (transitive)] > inform (a person) > provide (someone) with copies copy1983 1983 J. Fuller Convergence xxiii. 247 LaSalle pushed a file jacket across the table, and Harper flipped through the pages... ‘You'll copy me on all this?’ said Harper. 1986 Daily Tel. 16 Jan. 2/4 This letter is addressed to you and is not being copied to any other party. 1987 Which? May 213/3 Write to British Rail…You can copy your letter to the Central Transport Consultative Committee. 2. a. To make a copy of (a picture, or other work of art); also to reproduce or represent (an object) in a picture or other work of art. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [verb (transitive)] > imitate or reproduce copya1616 pastiche1914 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > [verb (transitive)] > copy work of art copya1616 reproduce1838 a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iv. 187 I like the worke well..I'de haue it coppied . View more context for this quotation 1655 E. Terry Voy. E.-India 135 They are excellent at Limning, and will coppie out any picture they see to the life. 1719 J. Richardson Art Crit. 153 He that works by Invention or the Life, endeavouring to Coppy Nature..makes an Original. 1719 J. Richardson Art Crit. 174 If a Larger Picture be Coppied. 1827 Gentleman's Mag. 97 ii. 580 Columns of the Corinthian order..copied from the Choragic monument of Lysicrates. 1850 R. W. Emerson Plato in Representative Men ii. 73 The potters copied his [Socrates'] ugly face on their stone jugs. b. Computing. To read (data stored in one location), or the data in (a disc, etc.), and reproduce it in another. (Const. from the first location to (or into, etc.) the second.) ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > data > database > use data [verb (transitive)] > store > copy or transfer read1940 to read out1946 copy1953 dump1956 list1958 recall1966 to roll out1969 import1977 upload1977 export1982 society > communication > correspondence > sending items > send items [verb (transitive)] > send copy of letter carbon copy1975 copy1985 cc1990 1953 Proc. IRE 41 1272/1 After Write..a sequence of Copy instructions is given. Each Copy specifies an address..from which the next word is to be copied for the purpose of writing. 1968 N. Chapin 360 Programming iv. 64 The computer can copy data from a zoned field, but change the code to packed-decimal for the receiving field. 1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing iv. 72 Computers often reproduce information by copying data e.g. from a memory cell to a register or vice versa. 1975 Polivka & Pakin APL viii. 362 Copying does interfere with the contents of the active workspace..if a name being copied in is the same as a name already in the workspace. 1978 Communications ACM 21 351/1 An algorithm is presented for copying an arbitrarily linked list structure into a block of contiguous storage locations without destroying the original list. 1984 dBASE II User Man. iii. 55 If the SDF clause is specified, then the file in USE is copied to another file without the structure. 1985 P. Laurie Databases i. 38 A ‘tape streamer’..will copy the whole hard disk straight onto tape in a few minutes. 3. a. figurative. To make or form an imitation of (anything); to imitate, reproduce, follow. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (transitive)] evenlecheOE resemble?c1400 imitate1534 sequest1567 succeed1577 act1599 pattern1601 similize1606 like1613 echoa1616 sample1616 ape1634 transcribe1646 copy1648 copy1649 mime1728 borrowa1847 to make likea1881 replicate1915 1648 R. Crashaw Delights Muses (ed. 2) 59 Could she [nature] in all her births but coppie thee. a1667 A. Cowley Several Disc. by Way of Ess., Verse & Prose 125 in Wks. (1668) An Ode of Horace, not exactly copy'd, but rudely imitated. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 164. §4 When the original is well chosen and judiciously copied, the imitator often arrives at excellence. 1785 W. Cowper Tirocinium in Task 649 A wish to copy what he must admire. View more context for this quotation a1828 D. Stewart Wks. (1854) I. 35 We copy instinctively the voices of our companions. †b. with out (figurative from 1b, 2). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (transitive)] evenlecheOE resemble?c1400 imitate1534 sequest1567 succeed1577 act1599 pattern1601 similize1606 like1613 echoa1616 sample1616 ape1634 transcribe1646 copy1648 copy1649 mime1728 borrowa1847 to make likea1881 replicate1915 1649 R. Lovelace Poems (1864) 103 Mightiest monarchs..May coppy out their proudest, richest looke. a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) ix. i. 380 God hath copyed out himself in all created being. 1691 J. Dryden King Arthur v. i. 51 To Copy out their Great Forefathers Fame. 4. absol. or intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (intransitive)] copy1680 society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [verb (intransitive)] > imitate or copy copy1680 pastiche1957 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > [verb (intransitive)] > copy copy1680 1680 E. Hickeringill Curse ye Meroz 33 He will neither coppy after Christ, nor St. Paul. 1680 J. Dryden in J. Dryden et al. tr. Ovid Epist. Pref. sig. a3^v When a Painter Copies from the life. 1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) Pref. p. cv Those that copy after his Adversaries in their infamous way of writing. 1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres 192 An end put to Authors copying from one another. 1772 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. (1782) I. 395 They must have had an original to copy after. 1857 J. Ruskin Polit. Econ. Art ii. 125 No painter who is worth a straw ever will copy. Draft additions September 2008 copy-protected adj. Computing (of software or hardware) having some form of copy protection. ΚΠ 1982 N.Y. Times 9 May f17/3 The only programs we sold last year that were copy protected were protected because we bought them from outside authors who insisted on it. 1990 Amiga User Internat. May 42/3 The KCS package comes as a single, copy protected, disk. 2006 PC Gamer Apr. 124/4 Apple's plan is for us to buy pre-formatted, copy-protected movie files from its..iTunes store. Draft additions September 2008 copy protection n. Computing protection against unauthorized copying incorporated in the recording, program, etc., to be protected. ΚΠ 1982 Mag. Rev. in net.micro (Usenet newsgroup) 28 Jan. Much space in the publication is devoted to educating the user about DOS and copy protection methods. 1993 Guardian 26 Aug. ii. 21/2 The only drawback is that Cubase uses a hardware copy protection device, a dongle. 2001 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 18 Oct. d7/3 I am a strong believer in copy protection and have never distributed or used pirated software. 2002 Sound & Vision May 76/1 If your player can handle DVD-Audio discs, it will definitely have six analog outputs..since DVD-A's copy protection won't let you send the signals digitally. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † copyv.² Etymology: ? related to coppy, coppice n.; compare also copse v.¹ Obsolete. ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 498/2 I copy or close in, Jenclos, or je copie. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.adj.c1330v.¹1387v.²1530
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copyn.adj.

Phrases

Compounds

Draft additions September 2017

copyv.1

Draft additions September 2008

Draft additions September 2008

† copyv.2

copyv.¹

† copyv.²