alcannan.

Brit.

/alˈkanə/, U.S.

/ælˈkænə/

Forms: Middle English alcanne, Middle English 1800s– alkanna, 1500s alcania, 1500s alchanna, 1600s alchan, 1600s halcana, 1600s–1700s alcana, 1600s– alcanna.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin alcanna.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin alcanna henna (from 13th cent. in British sources), alkanet (from 14th cent. in British sources; also in continental sources), in scientific Latin also (in form Alkanna ) as genus name of the alkanet (H. J. F. Tausch 1824, in Flora 7 234) < colloquial Arabic al-ḥanna < al the + ḥanna , colloquial variant of literary Arabic ḥinnā' henna n.). Compare Old French alcanne (1256), French †alcane (1613 in the passage translated in quot. 1615 at sense 2), †alcanna (1694; also †alcanna (1723); the usual modern French word is henné henna n.), Old Occitan alaquana (13th cent. in an isolated attestation), Spanish alcana (1493; c1300 as †alcanna ; also †alcaña (1493); the usual modern Spanish word is alheña henna n.), Italian alcanna (14th cent.). Compare earlier alkanet n. and later henna n.

Now rare.

1. Alkanet, Alkanna tinctoria, a southern European plant with a root which is used to produce a red dye; the root of this plant or the dye (or other extract) itself. Occasionally also: any of various other plants of the genus Alkanna. Cf. alkanet n. 1, 2. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > [noun] > alkanet

alcanna?a1425

alkanet?c1425

anchusa1548

orcanet1548

alkany1719

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs

madderOE

grain1335

alkanet1343

Brazilc1386

crop-maddera1399

red-scarletc1400

alcanna?a1425

lac?c1425

madder root?c1450

incarnationa1475

jarecork1483

orchil1483

mull1507

orcanet1548

Bristol-red1551

red sanders1553

cochineal1582

safflower1583

chay1588

Pernambuco1595

red sanderswood1598

redwood1634

peach woodc1638

scarlet1653

mesteque1667

bow-dye1676

sylvester1697

corkir1703

gamene1703

orchilla1703

crap1721

saffranon1731

kino1788

Turkey red1789

lizary1791

granilla1812

munjeet1813

rubiate1835

orcein1838

purpurin1839

ruby wood1843

sassafrid1852

aal1853

pink salt1853

magenta1860

fuchsine1865

paeonin1865

safranine1868

corallin1873

marina1874

Magdala red1875

alizarin1878

eosin1879

Turkey red oil1879

roccelline1880

ponceau1885

amarant1888

phloxine1890

hypernic1897

Turkish red1900

Lithol red1930

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 36 Auicen..defendeþ..fecez of oilez of lilie, of alkanna.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 123^v Þe rote of Alcanne [?c1425 Paris alknatte] & indic ar rotes vpon which men beþ aggregate in teignyng ouþer to blac ouþer to ȝelow.

1753 R. Brookes Gen. Dispensatory 5 Anchusa or Alcanna, Alkanet; the Root.

1832 J. B. Angell tr. F. Luedersdorff Solution & Reprod. India Rubber 22 Red particularly makes them [sc. balloons] very pretty, and in order to impart it to the, one has only to make an extract of alcanna root..with the ether in which the bottles are softened.

1851 J. Lindley & J. Paxton Paxton’s Flower Garden 110 Notwithstanding the number of aliases under which this plant is already known, it is still unsatisfactorily named... It would rather seem to be an Alkanna, near A. Græca.

1893 J. E. Humphrey tr. A. Zimmermann Bot. Microtechnique 210 He added alcanna tincture in drops to a dark blue solution of aniline blue.

1905 W. C. Stevens Sayre’s Man. Org. Materia Med. (ed. 3) 325 Alkanna is employed exclusively for coloring oils, ointments, and plasters, which is accomplished by suspending it, tied up in a rag, into the melted fat.

1941 R. Headstrom Adventures with Microscope (1977) xlvi. 178 To test for fat, place some macerated alcanna root in a vessel with alcohol.

1955 G. Grigson Englishman's Flora 282 The ‘little alcanna’, or Alkanet, was the name given to the colouring plant Alkanna tinctoria, the red roots of which have been imported from France.

2. The henna plant, Lawsonia inermis (family Lythraceae), native chiefly to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South Asia, the leaves and young shoots of which are dried and powdered to make the dye henna; (also) the leaves of this plant or the dye itself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > trees or shrubs yielding dyes > [noun] > henna plants

cyprea1382

alcanna1526

henna1662

mehndi1813

Egyptian privet1825

the world > matter > colour > named colours > orange > colouring matter > [noun] > dyes

alcanna1526

henna1600

Egyptian privet1825

aurantia1877

tropaeolin1878

tartrazine1894

1526 Grete Herball xxxiii. sig. Cii If ye will stayne or dye your nayles or heere or any other parte in reed colour tempre alcania in vineygre or water.

1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 1022 They haue also carefully maintained a shrubbe called Alcana [Fr. l'alcane], whereof there are vnderwoods.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 383 Alcanna being greene, will suddenly infect the nailes and other parts with a durable red.

1698 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 20 295 The Alcanna is the Leaf of a Plant dried and powdered, which when steept a Night in Wine, will die the Nails Red.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) From the berries of alcana an oil is extracted of a very agreeable smell.

1776 tr. J. Bontius Acct. Dis. E. Indies iii. 226 The leaves of the alcanna stain of a beautiful red colour, if they are bruised with a little lime, upon marble, and macerated a night in water.

1868 Rep. Paris Universal Exhib. 1867 V. 85 In the year 1854 the Arabian henna (alcanna) was introduced as a substance containing tannic acid, instead of catechu, and soon afterwards both were used to produce the so-called ‘noir d'Afrique’.

1905 H. A. Hare et al. National Standard Dispensatory 934 Henna or Alhenna (also called Alkhanna or Alcanna) is a yellow or orange coloring-matter obtained from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alcanna
释义	alcannan. Brit. /alˈkanə/, U.S. /ælˈkænə/ Forms: Middle English alcanne, Middle English 1800s– alkanna, 1500s alcania, 1500s alchanna, 1600s alchan, 1600s halcana, 1600s–1700s alcana, 1600s– alcanna. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin alcanna. Etymology: < post-classical Latin alcanna henna (from 13th cent. in British sources), alkanet (from 14th cent. in British sources; also in continental sources), in scientific Latin also (in form Alkanna ) as genus name of the alkanet (H. J. F. Tausch 1824, in Flora 7 234) < colloquial Arabic al-ḥanna < al the + ḥanna , colloquial variant of literary Arabic ḥinnā' henna n.). Compare Old French alcanne (1256), French †alcane (1613 in the passage translated in quot. 1615 at sense 2), †alcanna (1694; also †alcanna (1723); the usual modern French word is henné henna n.), Old Occitan alaquana (13th cent. in an isolated attestation), Spanish alcana (1493; c1300 as †alcanna ; also †alcaña (1493); the usual modern Spanish word is alheña henna n.), Italian alcanna (14th cent.). Compare earlier alkanet n. and later henna n. Now rare. 1. Alkanet, Alkanna tinctoria, a southern European plant with a root which is used to produce a red dye; the root of this plant or the dye (or other extract) itself. Occasionally also: any of various other plants of the genus Alkanna. Cf. alkanet n. 1, 2. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > [noun] > alkanet alcanna?a1425 alkanet?c1425 anchusa1548 orcanet1548 alkany1719 the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs madderOE grain1335 alkanet1343 Brazilc1386 crop-maddera1399 red-scarletc1400 alcanna?a1425 lac?c1425 madder root?c1450 incarnationa1475 jarecork1483 orchil1483 mull1507 orcanet1548 Bristol-red1551 red sanders1553 cochineal1582 safflower1583 chay1588 Pernambuco1595 red sanderswood1598 redwood1634 peach woodc1638 scarlet1653 mesteque1667 bow-dye1676 sylvester1697 corkir1703 gamene1703 orchilla1703 crap1721 saffranon1731 kino1788 Turkey red1789 lizary1791 granilla1812 munjeet1813 rubiate1835 orcein1838 purpurin1839 ruby wood1843 sassafrid1852 aal1853 pink salt1853 magenta1860 fuchsine1865 paeonin1865 safranine1868 corallin1873 marina1874 Magdala red1875 alizarin1878 eosin1879 Turkey red oil1879 roccelline1880 ponceau1885 amarant1888 phloxine1890 hypernic1897 Turkish red1900 Lithol red1930 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 36 Auicen..defendeþ..fecez of oilez of lilie, of alkanna. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 123^v Þe rote of Alcanne [?c1425 Paris alknatte] & indic ar rotes vpon which men beþ aggregate in teignyng ouþer to blac ouþer to ȝelow. 1753 R. Brookes Gen. Dispensatory 5 Anchusa or Alcanna, Alkanet; the Root. 1832 J. B. Angell tr. F. Luedersdorff Solution & Reprod. India Rubber 22 Red particularly makes them [sc. balloons] very pretty, and in order to impart it to the, one has only to make an extract of alcanna root..with the ether in which the bottles are softened. 1851 J. Lindley & J. Paxton Paxton’s Flower Garden 110 Notwithstanding the number of aliases under which this plant is already known, it is still unsatisfactorily named... It would rather seem to be an Alkanna, near A. Græca. 1893 J. E. Humphrey tr. A. Zimmermann Bot. Microtechnique 210 He added alcanna tincture in drops to a dark blue solution of aniline blue. 1905 W. C. Stevens Sayre’s Man. Org. Materia Med. (ed. 3) 325 Alkanna is employed exclusively for coloring oils, ointments, and plasters, which is accomplished by suspending it, tied up in a rag, into the melted fat. 1941 R. Headstrom Adventures with Microscope (1977) xlvi. 178 To test for fat, place some macerated alcanna root in a vessel with alcohol. 1955 G. Grigson Englishman's Flora 282 The ‘little alcanna’, or Alkanet, was the name given to the colouring plant Alkanna tinctoria, the red roots of which have been imported from France. 2. The henna plant, Lawsonia inermis (family Lythraceae), native chiefly to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South Asia, the leaves and young shoots of which are dried and powdered to make the dye henna; (also) the leaves of this plant or the dye itself. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > trees or shrubs yielding dyes > [noun] > henna plants cyprea1382 alcanna1526 henna1662 mehndi1813 Egyptian privet1825 the world > matter > colour > named colours > orange > colouring matter > [noun] > dyes alcanna1526 henna1600 Egyptian privet1825 aurantia1877 tropaeolin1878 tartrazine1894 1526 Grete Herball xxxiii. sig. Cii If ye will stayne or dye your nayles or heere or any other parte in reed colour tempre alcania in vineygre or water. 1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 1022 They haue also carefully maintained a shrubbe called Alcana [Fr. l'alcane], whereof there are vnderwoods. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 383 Alcanna being greene, will suddenly infect the nailes and other parts with a durable red. View more context for this quotation 1698 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 20 295 The Alcanna is the Leaf of a Plant dried and powdered, which when steept a Night in Wine, will die the Nails Red. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) From the berries of alcana an oil is extracted of a very agreeable smell. 1776 tr. J. Bontius Acct. Dis. E. Indies iii. 226 The leaves of the alcanna stain of a beautiful red colour, if they are bruised with a little lime, upon marble, and macerated a night in water. 1868 Rep. Paris Universal Exhib. 1867 V. 85 In the year 1854 the Arabian henna (alcanna) was introduced as a substance containing tannic acid, instead of catechu, and soon afterwards both were used to produce the so-called ‘noir d'Afrique’. 1905 H. A. Hare et al. National Standard Dispensatory 934 Henna or Alhenna (also called Alkhanna or Alcanna) is a yellow or orange coloring-matter obtained from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.?a1425
随便看	stern-balcony stern-beam stern-bearer stern-becket stern-board stern-boat stern-born stern-browed stern-chase stern-chaser stern-davits stern-eyed stern-faced stern-fast stern-featured stern-foremost stern-frame stern-gallery stern-gated stern-gun stern-issuing stern-knee stern-ladder stern-line stern-lipped