coraln.¹

Brit.

/ˈkɒrəl/,

/ˈkɒrl̩/, U.S.

/ˈkɔrəl/

Forms: Middle English– coral; also Middle English–1700s corale, Middle English–1600s corall(e, 1500s–1600s corral(l, 1500s–1700s corell, Middle English cural(l)e, 1500s queral, curroll, 1500s–1600s currall, 1600s currel, currell, (Middle English quyral).

Etymology: < Old French coral, coural (12th cent. in Littré), later corail = Provençal coralh, Spanish coral, Italian corallo < Latin corallum, corālium, < Greek κοράλλιον red coral.

1. A hard calcareous substance consisting of the continuous skeleton secreted by many tribes of marine cœlenterate polyps for their support and habitation. Found, according to the habits of the species, in single specimens growing plant-like on the sea-bottom, or in extensive accumulations, sometimes many miles in extent, called coral reefs (coral reef n.).

a. Historically, and in earlier literature and folklore, the name belongs to the beautiful red coral, an arborescent species, found in the Red Sea and Mediterranean, prized from times of antiquity for ornamental purposes, and often classed among precious stones. pink coral: a pale variety of this.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > coral > [noun]

red coralc1305

blood1824

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > concretion or petrifaction > [noun] > coral

coralc1305

red coral?c1335

ruby coral1632

lithophyton1646

coralline1863

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > substance of

coralc1305

coralline1863

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > order Alcyonaria > suborder Gorgonacea > member of family Corallidae

coralc1305

coralline1860

c1305 Land Cokayne 70 Of grene Jaspe and red corale.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xxxii. 842 Coralle is ygendred in þe Reede See and is tree as longe as it is yhiled wiþ water, but anon as it is ydrawe out of þe water..it torneþ into stoon.

c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 158 Of smal Coral aboute hir arm she bar A peyre of bedes gauded al with greene.

1483 Cath. Angl. 86 Curalle, corallus.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Lament. iv. 7 Their colour was fresh read as the Corall, their beutie like the Saphyre.

1584 R. Wilson Three Ladies Lond. in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) VI. 276 Coral will look pale when you be sick.

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxxx. sig. H4 Currall is farre more red, then her lips red.

1631 E. Jorden Disc. Nat. Bathes (1669) v. 34 Coral also being a Plant, and nourished with this juice, turns to a stone.

1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 116 Whole Forrests of Coral at the bottom of the Red Sea.

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 258 The coral here is such as can be seen nowhere else.

1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. iii. ii. 87 Red Coral..is found attached to rocks at the bottom of the sea..Coral was for a long time regarded as a marine plant.

b. Afterwards extended to other kinds; at first named from their colour, as white coral n. originally applied to Madrepore. black coral n. (Antipathes), blue coral (Heliospora), yellow coral n. etc. In more recent times, many kinds have been named from the appearance of the aggregate skeleton, as brain coral n. ( Meandrina) cup coral n. Cyathophyllidæ, mushroom coral n. ( Fungia), organ-pipe coral n. ( Tubipora), star coral n. ( Astroides). See also madrepore n., millepore n.

ΚΠ

1558 Bk. Rates in Patent Roll, 4 & 5 Philip & Mary, Part 3 (P.R.O.: C 66/920) m. 14^v Currall, white or redde.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia i. 3 She had..about her forehead a band of white Corrall.

1693 T. P. Blount Nat. Hist. 23 There are several sorts of Coral, but the two Principal are the White and the Red; but the Red is the best..There is also a Black and Yellow kind of Coral.

1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 177 The several sorts of Mineral Coral.

1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. vii. 75 White and red coral, and of a sort of blue coral called Acoris.

1841 R. W. Emerson Method of Nature 12 Nature turns off new firmaments..as fast as the madrepores make coral.

1847 W. B. Carpenter Zool.: Systematic Acct. II. §1073 In the Meandrina cerebriformis (brain-stone coral), the whole mass..is nearly hemispherical.

1847 W. B. Carpenter Zool.: Systematic Acct. II. §1097 Tubipora musica..from the regular arrangement of its cylindrical tubes by each other's side..is commonly termed Organ-pipe Coral.

1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. iii. ii. 87 The Black Coral is distinguished from the Red by the horny nature of the stem, and by its flexibility and smoothness. White Coral differs still more. The axis is stony or calcareous; but the polyps are contained in lamellated star-like cavities, and not in the fleshy cortical substance.

2. (with a and plural)

a. A particular species of the preceding, or of the colonial zoophyte of which it is the skeleton; also, a single polypary or polypidom in its natural condition (= corallum n.).The coralligenous zoophytes belong to the two classes Anthozoa (or Actinozoa) and Hydrozoa of the Coelenterata n.. Both these classes contain families of compound, aggregate, or colonial zoophytes, secreting a continuous calcareous skeleton, which goes on growing by the constant development of new polyps or individual animals, each, like the bud of a plant, springing from and connected with the common stock. The Anthozoa are usually subdivided into two sub-classes, Alcyonaria (= Octactiniæ), to the colonial families of which belong the Red, Blue, and Organ-pipe corals; and Zoantharia (= Hexacoralla), of which the division Antipatharia contains Black coral, and Madreporaria the Madrepores, Brain-corals, Mushroom-corals, Star-corals, etc., the chief reef-building corals. To the class Hydrozoa belong the Millepores, which are only distantly related to the other coralligenous animals, though their calcareous skeletons also form extensive reefs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of

coral1579

animal flower1750

sea-coralline1753

coralline1779

flower-animals1840

corallum1846

anthozoon1849

actinozoon1864

anthozoan1865

actinozoan1876

1579 T. Stevens Let. 10 Nov. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 161 One of them pulled vp a currall of great bignesse and price... The currals doe grow in the maner of stalkes vpon the rockes on the bottome, and waxe hard and red.

1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 97 Of all the Corals the Red is most in use.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) There is a kind of white Coral [i.e. Madrepore] pierc'd full of holes, and a black Coral, named Antipathes.

1860 P. H. Gosse Romance Nat. Hist. 90 Living corals exist and build compound polypidoms at far greater depths in our northern latitudes.

1887 Spectator 7 May 614/2 Nature when she builds an island out of corals.

1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 739 The calycles are in the majority of colonial corals connected by a calcareous cœnenchyma.

b. A piece of (red) coral, as an ornament, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > coral > [noun] > piece of

coral1607

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 209 Aelianus saith, that there was an Elephant in Egypt which was in loue with a woman that sold Corrals.

1705 tr. W. Bosman New Descr. Coast of Guinea ii. 24 One of his Wives had a new Fashion'd Coral on.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. v. iii. 543 Various jewels, including pearls, corals, diamonds, and rubies.

3. A toy made of polished coral, given to infants to assist them in cutting their teeth. The name has been extended to toys of glass, bone, etc. used for the same purpose.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > other toys > [noun] > others

spurc1450

cock1608

turnel1621

corala1625

house of cardsa1625

Jack-in-the-box1659

(Prince) Rupert's Drops1662

sucker1681

whirligig1686

playbook1694

card house1733

snapper1788

card castle1792

Aaron's bells?1795

Noah's Ark1807

Jacob's ladder1820

cat-stairs1825

daisy chain1841

beanbag1861

playboat1865

piñata1868

teething ring1872

weet-weet1878

tumble-over1883

water cracker1887

jumping-bean1889

play money1894

serpentin1894

comforter1898

pacifier1901

dummy1903

bubble water1904

yo-yo1915

paper airplane1921

snowstorm1926

titty1927

teaser1935

Slinky1948

teether1949

Mr Potato Head1952

squeeze toy1954

Frisbee1957

mobile1957

chew toy1959

water-rocket1961

Crazy Foam1965

playshop1967

war toy1973

waterball1974

pull-along1976

transformer1984

Aerobie1985

a1625 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Captaine iii. v, in Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Hh3/2 Art thou not breeding Teeth..I'le..get a Corall for thee.

1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 33 Some sucking Satir, who might have done better to have us'd his corall.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 1. ¶2 I..would not make use of my Coral 'till they had taken away the Bells from it.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 82. ⁋2 Of all the toys with which children are delighted, I valued only my coral.

1840 T. Hood Miss Kilmansegg i, in New Monthly Mag. 60 91 Cutting her first little toothy-peg With a fifty guinea coral.

figurative.1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh i. 3 Which things are corals to cut life upon.

4. In various figurative senses:

†a. Applied to anything precious. Cf. jewel n. 5a, pearl n.¹ 2b.

ΚΠ

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 31 Ase diamaund þe dere in day when he is dyht he is coral ycud wiþ cayser ant knyht.

b. Anything of bright red colour; blood, the lips, etc.

ΚΠ

1595 R. Barnfield Sonn. xvii, in Cynthia sig. C6 His teeth pure Pearle in blushing Correll set.

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 93 Her amorous feaver..caused the corals and roses fade away from her..face.

a1649 W. Drummond Wks. (1711) 33/2 Where she stood Blood's liquid Coral sprang her Feet beneath.

1696 London Gaz. No. 3207/4 Having..a small Wart on the Corral of the Upper Lip.

1875 J. R. Lowell Poet. Wks. (1879) 464 His barefoot soldiers..Tramping the snow to coral where they trod.

†c. Applied to Christ as a ‘tree of pearl’. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1649 J. Ellistone tr. J. Böhme Epist. i. ii. 2 It is meer joy unto me to perceive that our Paradisicall Corall flourisheth, and bringeth forth fruit in my fellow-members.

5. transferred.

a. The unimpregnated roe or eggs of the lobster; so called from the colour when boiled. Also of crabs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > roes

roea1400

caviar1591

icary1591

seed1653

red caviar1655

coral1768

osetrova1928

1768 Mr. Travis in Penny Cycl. (1834) II. 513/2 That black substance..when boiled, turns of a beautiful red colour, and is called their [lobsters'] coral.

1805 Mrs. S. Martin Eng. Housekeeper (ed. 3) 121 Take a good lobster and pick out all the meat; lay the berries, or coral, by themselves.

1844 J. T. J. Hewlett Parsons & Widows I. iii. 72 Two fine lobsters, one full of coral and the other of berries.

1880 T. H. Huxley Crayfish 31.

1893 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. I

b. In the names of plants (see garden coral n. at garden n. Compounds 5b).

ΚΠ

1882 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Garden coral, the Capsicum annuum.

6. Short for coral-snake n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Elapidae or Najidae > member of genus Elaps

stag-snake1668

bead-snake1737

coral-snake1758

coral-serpent1774

garter-snake1775

nachtslang1821

death adder1833

coral1852

the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Elapidae or Najidae > member of genus Micrurus (coral-snake)

coral-snake1758

coral-serpent1774

Tortrix1843

coral1852

1784 Universal Mag. 121 Among the Serpents, there are none so venemous..nor more common in this Isthmus [Darien] than the Corales.]

1852 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. I. iv. 152 The Cascabel, or rattle-snake, the Coral, and other vipers..frequent these..arid haunts.

a. Made or composed of (red) coral as a material.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > coral > [adjective]

coral1452

1452 Will of Joan Barker (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/1) f. 136 Quyral bedis.

1524 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 179 ij. pair of currall bedes.

a1593 C. Marlowe Passionate Sheepheard in Englands Helicon (1600) sig. Aa.2 Corall clasps and Amber studs.

1883 ‘G. Lloyd’ Ebb & Flow II. xxix. 151 She wore that pink coral set.

b. Coral-like, of the colour of red coral.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > bright red or scarlet

scarletc1386

puniceousa1398

vermeilc1400

corala1522

Punic?1553

orient1578

vermilion1589

wax-red1593

cherry-red1594

Punical1606

coralline?1608

scarleted1641

coccineous1654

cinnabrianc1668

poppy-coloured1677

miniaceous1688

phoeniceous1688

cherry-coloured1695

coral-red1700

cardinal1755

cherried1762

ponceau1774

punicean1786

cinnabar1807

geraniumed1819

miniatous1826

cardinal scarlet1828

vermilion-coloured1835–6

geranium-coloured1836

pink1846

cardinal red1850

lobster-red1856

phoenicean1857

magenta1877

angered1878

scarlet-vermilion1882

tomato1889

camellia-red1890

miniate1891

nasturtium-red1896

sealing-wax1912

a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xii. Prol. 155 Phebus red fowle hys corall creist can steir.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. i. 172 I saw her corrall lips to moue.

1633 Costlie Whore ii. sig. C4^v I loath to looke upon a common lip. Were it as corrall as Aurora's cheeke.

1852 Beck's Florist 257 The Fuchsia..a brilliant coral tube and sepals, with corolla of intense violet.

c. Naturally consisting or formed of coral in the mass.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [adjective] > of or relating to the Anthozoa > consisting of coral

coral1612

1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion x. 160 Amongst the Corall-Groues in the Vergiuian Deepe.

1713 E. Young Poem on Last Day i. 21 Through coral Groves, Through labyrinths of Rocks.

1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. I. 59 Having nearly reached her destination, she, through the ignorance of the pilot, run against a coral rock.

1819 R. Heber in Evangeical Mag. July 316 From Greenland's icy mountains, From India's coral strand.

1845 C. Darwin Jrnl. (ed. 2) xx. 480 Some of the..encircled islands are composed of coral-rock.

Compounds

C1. General combinations:

a. Objective.

coral-fishing n.

coral-making n.

coral-secreting n.

ΚΠ

1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes ii. §9. 15 The coral-secreting polyps.

b. Instrumental.

coral-bound adj.

ΚΠ

1872 J. D. Dana Corals & Coral Islands ii. 129 A coral-bound coast.

coral-built adj.

ΚΠ

1884 J. Colborne With Hicks Pasha in Soudan 259 The white, coral-built town of Suakin lay like a pearl before me.

coral-cinctured adj.

ΚΠ

1785 T. Warton Poems 55 My coral-cinctur'd stole.

coral-girt adj.

ΚΠ

1872 J. D. Dana Corals & Coral Islands ii. 130 Coral-girt islands.

coral-paven adj.

ΚΠ

1637 J. Milton Comus 30 Heave thy rosie head From thy coral-paven bed.

c. Similative.

coral-pink adj.

ΚΠ

1887 Daily News 20 July 6/1 A coral-pink embroidered dress.

coral-red n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > bright red or scarlet

scarletc1386

puniceousa1398

vermeilc1400

corala1522

Punic?1553

orient1578

vermilion1589

wax-red1593

cherry-red1594

Punical1606

coralline?1608

scarleted1641

coccineous1654

cinnabrianc1668

poppy-coloured1677

miniaceous1688

phoeniceous1688

cherry-coloured1695

coral-red1700

cardinal1755

cherried1762

ponceau1774

punicean1786

cinnabar1807

geraniumed1819

miniatous1826

cardinal scarlet1828

vermilion-coloured1835–6

geranium-coloured1836

pink1846

cardinal red1850

lobster-red1856

phoenicean1857

magenta1877

angered1878

scarlet-vermilion1882

tomato1889

camellia-red1890

miniate1891

nasturtium-red1896

sealing-wax1912

1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 225 High was his Comb, and Coral-red withal.

1882 Garden 8 July 17/1 Handsome bold buds of intense coral-red.

d. Parasynthetic.

coral-beaded adj.

ΚΠ

1883 Good Words 24 113 Gorgeous articles of native dress..coral-beaded.

coral-berried adj.

ΚΠ

1897 Daily News 9 Sept. 6/1 The drooping boughs of coral-berried rowan.

1937 E. Blunden Elegy 54 Some coral-berried tree.

coral-buttoned adj.

ΚΠ

1848 A. H. Clough Bothie of Toper-na-Fuosich i. 44 Waistcoat blue, coral-buttoned.

coral-rooted adj.

ΚΠ

1776 W. Withering Brit. Plants (1796) II. 33 Coralrooted Twayblade.

coral-stamened adj.

ΚΠ

1881 E. H. Hunt Children at Jerusalem 139 A branch of the yellow-tasselled coral-stamened acacia.

C2. Special combinations:

Categories »

coral bead plant n. Abrus precatorius, a native of India, bearing small scarlet egg-shaped seeds, used for necklaces and other ornamental purposes, also in India as a standard of weight.

coral-bean n. the seed of the flowering shrub Erythrina glauca, and of the bead- or necklace-tree, Ormosia dasycarpa.

coral-berry n. an American shrub ( Symphoricarpus vulgaris) allied to the Snowberry, but having the berries deep red ( Treasury Bot. 1866).

ΚΠ

1860 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 3) Coral Berry, the Indian Currant of Missouri.

coral-creeper n. a species of Kennedya ( K. prostrata), a leguminous plant bearing large bright red or pink flowers.

coral-fern n. Australian a name given to Australian ferns of the genus Gleichenia.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > other ferns

mountain parsley1578

female fern1597

rock parsley1597

spleenwort1597

marsh fern1686

prickly fern1764

parsley fern1777

sensitive fern1780

lady fern1783

stone-brake1796

mountain fern1800

rock brake1802

walking leaf1811

todea1813

shield-fern1814

Woodsia1815

mangemange1817

cinnamon fern1818

climbing fern1818

bladder-fern1828

king fern1829

filmy fern1830

ostrich fern1833

New York fern1843

mokimoki1844

rhizocarp1852

film-fern1855

nardoo1860

gymnogram1861

holly-fern1861

limestone-polypody1861

elk-horn1865

Gleichenia1865

lizard's herb1866

cliff brake1867

kidney fern1867

Christmas fern1873

Prince of Wales feathers1873

Christmas shield fern1878

buckler-fern1882

crape-fern1882

stag-horn1882

ladder fern1884

oleander fern1884

stag fern1884

resam1889

lip-fern1890

coral-fern1898

bamboo fern1930

pteroid1949

fern-gale-

1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 98/1 Coral-Fern, name given in Victoria to Gleichenia circinata.

1942 C. Barrett Austral. Wild Flower Bk. xi. 190 Coral ferns and fan ferns belong to the same genus, Gleichenia.

1968 G. R. Cochrane et al. Flowers & Plants of Victoria 171 Wiry rhachises of the Scrambling Coral Fern..branch repeatedly for several feet to form umbrella-like fronds with tiny flattened pinnules. A closely related species, Pouched Coral Fern or Wiry Coral Fern, has pouch-like pinnules.

coral-fish n. a name for fishes of the families Chætodontidæ and Pomacentridæ which frequent coral-reefs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > member of family Chaetodontidae

Chaetodonc1750

angelfish1784

coral-fish1880

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > family Pomacentridae > member of (damsel-fish)

Beau-gregory1847

coral-fish1880

goldfish1882

demoiselle1884

Garibaldi1885

damsel-fish1905

white-ear1922

anemonefish1924

maomao1926

1880 A. Günther Introd. Study of Fishes 525 The small Zoophytes covering the banks, round which these ‘Coral-fishes’ abound.

coral-flower n. the flower of Erythrina: see coral-tree n.

ΚΠ

1777 G. Forster Voy. round World I. 263 A beautiful erythrina, or coral-flower.

coral-gall n. an excrescence produced on coral by the action of epizoic animals, esp. crabs and barnacles; also attributive, of such an animal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [adjective] > of or relating to the Anthozoa > that produces excrescence on coral

coral-gall1903

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > excrescence produced on

coral-gall1903

1903 Nature 10 Sept. 457/1 These coral galls may be found on the Milleporas and Madreporas of a certain portion of a reef and be absent from all the other genera of neighbouring corals.

1957 Encycl. Brit. VI. 627/1 Another small but intriguing species is the coral-gall crab (Hapalocarcinus), which in some fashion irritates the growing tips of certain corals so that they grow to enclose the female in a stony prison..which provides an enduring shelter.

coral-grove n. a dense mass of tree-like corals growing together.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > non-specific types > plant-like > mass of

coral-grove1839

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. xxii. 549 Those coral-groves, which..had attained the utmost possible limit of upward growth.

coral honeysuckle n. a North American species of honeysuckle, Lonicera sempervirens, with evergreen foliage and scarlet flowers.

ΚΠ

1891 N.E.D. at Honeysuckle Coral honeysuckle.

2003 Horticulture Mar. 58/2 From here a road bordered by a rail fence enshrouded with the native coral honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens ) swings around the rear of the five-acre property.

coral-insect n. a popular name for a coral polyp.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > individual of polypidom

coral-insect1753

coral polyp1846

coralline1860

coral-worma1861

coral-zoophyte1874

scleroderm-

1753 Philos. Trans. 1751–2 (Royal Soc.) 47 454 Upon the coasts of Barbary..he had the pleasure of seeing the coral-insect move its claws or legs.

coral-island n. an island of which the formation is due to the growth of coral.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > land mass > island > [noun] > other

desert island1607

holt1611

sister isle1612

atoll1625

floating island1638

sister island1659

tropical island1769

artificial island1775

home island1806

wooden island1808

fire-isle1817

coral-island1831

thrum cap1832

branch-island1834

island-continent1872

off-island1880

hover1892

phosphate island1909

1831 H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. ii. 141 MM. Quoy and Gaimard..paid particular attention to the coral islands and reefs.

coral-lacquer n.

coral-lac n. a red lacquer, forming a surface capable of being carved in low relief.

coral-limestone n. coralline limestone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > limestone > others

lias1404

stone marrow1681

stone marl1682

saint's head stone1763

Kentish rag1769

watericle1776

kankar1793

Cotham1816

mountain limestone1817

tosca1818

cornstone1819

burr1829

coral-limestone1831

scar-limestone1831

Wenlock limestone1834

bavin1839

curf1839

Solenhofen slate1841

Beer stone1871

miliolite limestone1872

Clipsham1877

reef limestone1884

Hopton wood1888

thermo-calcite1888

Kilkenny marble1930

micrite1959

1831 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. II. 287 The increase of coral limestone..may vary greatly according to the sites of mineral springs.

1839 G. A. Mantell Wonders Geol. (ed. 3) II. 563 In reference to the formation of coral limestones,..some beds..consist of a pure calcareous mud.

1878 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 34 120 Formerly pyroclasite was supposed to be the result of volcanic action upon the coral-limestone.

1959 Chambers's Encycl. X. 302/2 Clipperton has no basalt but has trachyte and coral limestone.

coral-milk n. (see quot.).

ΚΠ

1871 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom (ed. 4) vi. 128 The nutritive fluids, after elaboration by the polyps,..are conveyed into the larger deep-seated parallel tubes: the nutrient fluid contained in these tubes resembles milk so much that it is known by the name of coral-milk.

coral-mud n. mud formed by decomposed coral.

ΚΠ

1877 T. H. Huxley Physiography xv. 254 The loose blocks are cemented into compact masses by means of coral-sand and coral-mud.

coral-pea n. = coral-creeper n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > Australasian

kareao1845

Kennedya1845

piripiri1853

balloon vine1889

wonga(-wonga) vine1895

Australian bluebell creeper1896

coral-pea1896

running postman1898

1896 Melburnian 28 Aug. 53 The trailing scarlet kennedyas, aptly called the ‘bleeding-heart’ or ‘coral pea’.

1962 Austral. Encycl. V. 175/2 K[ennedya] prostrata, the ‘running postman’, or scarlet coral-pea, is found in all States; it has clover-like leaves and single or twin showy flowers with yellow centres.

coral pea-tree n. red sandalwood, Adenanthera pavonina.

ΚΠ

1884 Miller Plant-n. Pea-tree, Chinese,..Coral,..West Indian.

coral polyp n. one of the individual animals of a coral polypidom, a coral-zoophyte.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > individual of polypidom

coral-insect1753

coral polyp1846

coralline1860

coral-worma1861

coral-zoophyte1874

scleroderm-

1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes ii. 15 note The animals of a coral zoophyte are coral-animals or coral-polyps.

coral-sand n. (cf. coral-mud n.).

ΚΠ

1876 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 6) iii. 68 Formed entirely of coarse coral-sand.

coral-serpent n. = coral-snake n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Elapidae or Najidae > member of genus Elaps

stag-snake1668

bead-snake1737

coral-snake1758

coral-serpent1774

garter-snake1775

nachtslang1821

death adder1833

coral1852

the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Elapidae or Najidae > member of genus Micrurus (coral-snake)

coral-snake1758

coral-serpent1774

Tortrix1843

coral1852

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 215 The Coral Serpent, which is red, and whose bite is said to be fatal.

coral-shoemaker n. a fish of the genus Teuthis, found in the coral reefs of the Indian Ocean.

coral-spot n. a disease of shrubs and trees caused by the fungus Nectria cinnabarina; also, the fungus itself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with trees

heart rot1808

white rot1828

sap-rot1838

red rot1847

conk1851

soft rot1886

pine blister1889

silver-leaf1890

leaf shedding1891

pine rust1893

leaf cast1894

partridge-wood1894

larch blister1895

needle-cast1895

sooty mould1901

white pine blister rust1909

larch needle cast1921

coral-spot1923

ink disease1923

pocket rot1926

wood rot1926

Dutch elm disease1927

oak wilt1942

ash dieback1957

the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > causing disease in plants

bunt1800

Sclerotium1813

Alternaria1834

oidium1836

Septoria1836

conk1851

Rhizopus1854

snow-mould1855

vine-mildew1855

vine-fungus1857

bramble-brand1867

Microsphaera1871

wood-fungus1876

sphacelia1879

blue mould1882

orange fungus1882

cluster-cup1883

hop-mildew1883

powdery mildew1886

cladosporium1887

shot-hole fungus1897

verdet1897

wound-fungus1897

fusarium1907

verticillium1916

rhynchosporium1918

coral-spot1923

blind-seed fungus1939

sclerotinia1950

1923 Trans. Brit. Mycological Soc. 8 22 (heading) The parasitism of Nectria cinnabarina (Coral Spot).

1966 F. H. Brightman Oxf. Bk. Flowerless Plants 144/2 Nectria cinnabarina (‘Coral Spot’) is common at all times of the year on moist, newly fallen twigs and branches.

coral-stitch n. a stitch used in embroidery, producing an irregular branched appearance like that of some kinds of coral.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > stitch > other

chain-stitch1598

French knot1623

picot1623

petty-point1632

tent-stitch1639

brede-stitch1640

herringbone stitch1659

satin stitch1664

feather-stitch1835

Gobelin stitch1838

crowfoot1839

seedingc1840

German stitch1842

petit point1842

long stitch1849

looped stitch1851

hem-stitch1853

loop-stitch1853

faggot stitch1854

spider-wheel1868

dot stitch1869

picot stitch1869

slip-stitch1872

coral-stitch1873

stem stitch1873

rope stitch1875

Vienna cross stitch1876

witch stitch1876

pin stitch1878

seed stitch1879

cushion-stitch1880

Japanese stitch1880

darning-stitch1881

Kensington stitch1881

knot-stitch1881

bullion knot1882

cable pattern1882

Italian stitch1882

lattice-stitch1882

queen stitch1882

rice stitch1882

shadow-stitch1882

ship-ladder1882

spider-stitch1882

stem1882

Vandyke stitch1882

warp-stitch1882

wheel-stitch1882

basket-stitch1883

outline stitch1885

pointing1888

bullion stitchc1890

cable-stitchc1890

oriental stitchc1890

Turkish stitchc1890

Romanian stitch1894

shell-stitch1895

saddle stitch1899

magic stitch1900

plumage-stitch1900

saddle stitching1902

German knot stitch1903

trellis1912

padding stitch1913

straight stitch1918

Hungarian stitch1921

trellis stitch1921

lazy daisy1923

diamond stitchc1926

darning1930

faggot filling stitch1934

fly stitch1934

magic chain stitch1934

glove stitch1964

pad stitch1964

1873 Young Englishwoman Jan. 46/2 Work the veins in coral-stitch and hem-stitch.

coral-stone n. limestone or marble composed of fossil corals.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > concretion or petrifaction > [noun] > coral > specific

coral-stone1607

mushroom stone1668

starry stone1677

mushroom coral1681

stone-mushroom1687

organ-pipe coral1833

Neptune's cup1839

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 194 It is like to..the Marble called Lapis Coraliticus Corrol stone.

1876 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 6) xx. 426 The ‘coral-stone’ has a sparry crystalline aspect.

coral-teeth n. = coral-root n. (Miller Plant-names).

coral-thrombus n. a red clot formed by the enclosing of red corpuscles by coagulating fibrin.

ΚΠ

1900 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 25 Oct. 157 In the larger vessels considerable fibrin and a homogenous material resembling coral-thrombi are seen.

coral vine n. = corallita n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental vine > [noun] > coral vine

corallita1899

coral vine1931

1931 T. W. Sanders Encycl. Gardening (ed. 21) 28 Antigonon (Coral Vine; Corallita)..Tuberous-rooted stove climbers..Species cultivated: A. leptopus, bright pink, summer, 10 to 15 ft., Mexico.

coral-worm n. = coral polyp n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > individual of polypidom

coral-insect1753

coral polyp1846

coralline1860

coral-worma1861

coral-zoophyte1874

scleroderm-

a1861 A. H. Clough Dipsychus ii. iv, in Lett. & Remains (1865) 186 But I must slave, a meagre coral-worm.

coral-zone n. (see quot.).

ΚΠ

1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 126 In marine geology, the coral zone..is the region of the calcareous and stronger corals, and extends from 300 to 600 feet.

coral-zoophyte n. = coral polyp n. See also coral-plant n., coral-rag n., coral reef n., etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > individual of polypidom

coral-insect1753

coral polyp1846

coralline1860

coral-worma1861

coral-zoophyte1874

scleroderm-

1874 W. B. Dawkins Cave Hunting ii. 71 In the tissues of the coral-zoophytes it assumes the form of stony groves.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	coral
释义	coraln.¹ Brit. /ˈkɒrəl/, /ˈkɒrl̩/, U.S. /ˈkɔrəl/ Forms: Middle English– coral; also Middle English–1700s corale, Middle English–1600s corall(e, 1500s–1600s corral(l, 1500s–1700s corell, Middle English cural(l)e, 1500s queral, curroll, 1500s–1600s currall, 1600s currel, currell, (Middle English quyral). Etymology: < Old French coral, coural (12th cent. in Littré), later corail = Provençal coralh, Spanish coral, Italian corallo < Latin corallum, corālium, < Greek κοράλλιον red coral. 1. A hard calcareous substance consisting of the continuous skeleton secreted by many tribes of marine cœlenterate polyps for their support and habitation. Found, according to the habits of the species, in single specimens growing plant-like on the sea-bottom, or in extensive accumulations, sometimes many miles in extent, called coral reefs (coral reef n.). a. Historically, and in earlier literature and folklore, the name belongs to the beautiful red coral, an arborescent species, found in the Red Sea and Mediterranean, prized from times of antiquity for ornamental purposes, and often classed among precious stones. pink coral: a pale variety of this. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > coral > [noun] red coralc1305 blood1824 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > concretion or petrifaction > [noun] > coral coralc1305 red coral?c1335 ruby coral1632 lithophyton1646 coralline1863 the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > substance of coralc1305 coralline1863 the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > order Alcyonaria > suborder Gorgonacea > member of family Corallidae coralc1305 coralline1860 c1305 Land Cokayne 70 Of grene Jaspe and red corale. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xxxii. 842 Coralle is ygendred in þe Reede See and is tree as longe as it is yhiled wiþ water, but anon as it is ydrawe out of þe water..it torneþ into stoon. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 158 Of smal Coral aboute hir arm she bar A peyre of bedes gauded al with greene. 1483 Cath. Angl. 86 Curalle, corallus. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Lament. iv. 7 Their colour was fresh read as the Corall, their beutie like the Saphyre. 1584 R. Wilson Three Ladies Lond. in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) VI. 276 Coral will look pale when you be sick. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxxx. sig. H4 Currall is farre more red, then her lips red. View more context for this quotation 1631 E. Jorden Disc. Nat. Bathes (1669) v. 34 Coral also being a Plant, and nourished with this juice, turns to a stone. 1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 116 Whole Forrests of Coral at the bottom of the Red Sea. 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 258 The coral here is such as can be seen nowhere else. 1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. iii. ii. 87 Red Coral..is found attached to rocks at the bottom of the sea..Coral was for a long time regarded as a marine plant. b. Afterwards extended to other kinds; at first named from their colour, as white coral n. originally applied to Madrepore. black coral n. (Antipathes), blue coral (Heliospora), yellow coral n. etc. In more recent times, many kinds have been named from the appearance of the aggregate skeleton, as brain coral n. ( Meandrina) cup coral n. Cyathophyllidæ, mushroom coral n. ( Fungia), organ-pipe coral n. ( Tubipora), star coral n. ( Astroides). See also madrepore n., millepore n. ΚΠ 1558 Bk. Rates in Patent Roll, 4 & 5 Philip & Mary, Part 3 (P.R.O.: C 66/920) m. 14^v Currall, white or redde. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia i. 3 She had..about her forehead a band of white Corrall. 1693 T. P. Blount Nat. Hist. 23 There are several sorts of Coral, but the two Principal are the White and the Red; but the Red is the best..There is also a Black and Yellow kind of Coral. 1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 177 The several sorts of Mineral Coral. 1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. vii. 75 White and red coral, and of a sort of blue coral called Acoris. 1841 R. W. Emerson Method of Nature 12 Nature turns off new firmaments..as fast as the madrepores make coral. 1847 W. B. Carpenter Zool.: Systematic Acct. II. §1073 In the Meandrina cerebriformis (brain-stone coral), the whole mass..is nearly hemispherical. 1847 W. B. Carpenter Zool.: Systematic Acct. II. §1097 Tubipora musica..from the regular arrangement of its cylindrical tubes by each other's side..is commonly termed Organ-pipe Coral. 1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. iii. ii. 87 The Black Coral is distinguished from the Red by the horny nature of the stem, and by its flexibility and smoothness. White Coral differs still more. The axis is stony or calcareous; but the polyps are contained in lamellated star-like cavities, and not in the fleshy cortical substance. 2. (with a and plural) a. A particular species of the preceding, or of the colonial zoophyte of which it is the skeleton; also, a single polypary or polypidom in its natural condition (= corallum n.).The coralligenous zoophytes belong to the two classes Anthozoa (or Actinozoa) and Hydrozoa of the Coelenterata n.. Both these classes contain families of compound, aggregate, or colonial zoophytes, secreting a continuous calcareous skeleton, which goes on growing by the constant development of new polyps or individual animals, each, like the bud of a plant, springing from and connected with the common stock. The Anthozoa are usually subdivided into two sub-classes, Alcyonaria (= Octactiniæ), to the colonial families of which belong the Red, Blue, and Organ-pipe corals; and Zoantharia (= Hexacoralla), of which the division Antipatharia contains Black coral, and Madreporaria the Madrepores, Brain-corals, Mushroom-corals, Star-corals, etc., the chief reef-building corals. To the class Hydrozoa belong the Millepores, which are only distantly related to the other coralligenous animals, though their calcareous skeletons also form extensive reefs. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of coral1579 animal flower1750 sea-coralline1753 coralline1779 flower-animals1840 corallum1846 anthozoon1849 actinozoon1864 anthozoan1865 actinozoan1876 1579 T. Stevens Let. 10 Nov. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 161 One of them pulled vp a currall of great bignesse and price... The currals doe grow in the maner of stalkes vpon the rockes on the bottome, and waxe hard and red. 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 97 Of all the Corals the Red is most in use. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) There is a kind of white Coral [i.e. Madrepore] pierc'd full of holes, and a black Coral, named Antipathes. 1860 P. H. Gosse Romance Nat. Hist. 90 Living corals exist and build compound polypidoms at far greater depths in our northern latitudes. 1887 Spectator 7 May 614/2 Nature when she builds an island out of corals. 1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 739 The calycles are in the majority of colonial corals connected by a calcareous cœnenchyma. b. A piece of (red) coral, as an ornament, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > coral > [noun] > piece of coral1607 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 209 Aelianus saith, that there was an Elephant in Egypt which was in loue with a woman that sold Corrals. 1705 tr. W. Bosman New Descr. Coast of Guinea ii. 24 One of his Wives had a new Fashion'd Coral on. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. v. iii. 543 Various jewels, including pearls, corals, diamonds, and rubies. 3. A toy made of polished coral, given to infants to assist them in cutting their teeth. The name has been extended to toys of glass, bone, etc. used for the same purpose. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > other toys > [noun] > others spurc1450 cock1608 turnel1621 corala1625 house of cardsa1625 Jack-in-the-box1659 (Prince) Rupert's Drops1662 sucker1681 whirligig1686 playbook1694 card house1733 snapper1788 card castle1792 Aaron's bells?1795 Noah's Ark1807 Jacob's ladder1820 cat-stairs1825 daisy chain1841 beanbag1861 playboat1865 piñata1868 teething ring1872 weet-weet1878 tumble-over1883 water cracker1887 jumping-bean1889 play money1894 serpentin1894 comforter1898 pacifier1901 dummy1903 bubble water1904 yo-yo1915 paper airplane1921 snowstorm1926 titty1927 teaser1935 Slinky1948 teether1949 Mr Potato Head1952 squeeze toy1954 Frisbee1957 mobile1957 chew toy1959 water-rocket1961 Crazy Foam1965 playshop1967 war toy1973 waterball1974 pull-along1976 transformer1984 Aerobie1985 a1625 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Captaine iii. v, in Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Hh3/2 Art thou not breeding Teeth..I'le..get a Corall for thee. 1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 33 Some sucking Satir, who might have done better to have us'd his corall. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 1. ¶2 I..would not make use of my Coral 'till they had taken away the Bells from it. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 82. ⁋2 Of all the toys with which children are delighted, I valued only my coral. 1840 T. Hood Miss Kilmansegg i, in New Monthly Mag. 60 91 Cutting her first little toothy-peg With a fifty guinea coral. figurative.1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh i. 3 Which things are corals to cut life upon. 4. In various figurative senses: †a. Applied to anything precious. Cf. jewel n. 5a, pearl n.¹ 2b. ΚΠ a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 31 Ase diamaund þe dere in day when he is dyht he is coral ycud wiþ cayser ant knyht. b. Anything of bright red colour; blood, the lips, etc. ΚΠ 1595 R. Barnfield Sonn. xvii, in Cynthia sig. C6 His teeth pure Pearle in blushing Correll set. 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 93 Her amorous feaver..caused the corals and roses fade away from her..face. a1649 W. Drummond Wks. (1711) 33/2 Where she stood Blood's liquid Coral sprang her Feet beneath. 1696 London Gaz. No. 3207/4 Having..a small Wart on the Corral of the Upper Lip. 1875 J. R. Lowell Poet. Wks. (1879) 464 His barefoot soldiers..Tramping the snow to coral where they trod. †c. Applied to Christ as a ‘tree of pearl’. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1649 J. Ellistone tr. J. Böhme Epist. i. ii. 2 It is meer joy unto me to perceive that our Paradisicall Corall flourisheth, and bringeth forth fruit in my fellow-members. 5. transferred. a. The unimpregnated roe or eggs of the lobster; so called from the colour when boiled. Also of crabs. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > roes roea1400 caviar1591 icary1591 seed1653 red caviar1655 coral1768 osetrova1928 1768 Mr. Travis in Penny Cycl. (1834) II. 513/2 That black substance..when boiled, turns of a beautiful red colour, and is called their [lobsters'] coral. 1805 Mrs. S. Martin Eng. Housekeeper (ed. 3) 121 Take a good lobster and pick out all the meat; lay the berries, or coral, by themselves. 1844 J. T. J. Hewlett Parsons & Widows I. iii. 72 Two fine lobsters, one full of coral and the other of berries. 1880 T. H. Huxley Crayfish 31. 1893 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. I b. In the names of plants (see garden coral n. at garden n. Compounds 5b). ΚΠ 1882 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Garden coral, the Capsicum annuum. 6. Short for coral-snake n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Elapidae or Najidae > member of genus Elaps stag-snake1668 bead-snake1737 coral-snake1758 coral-serpent1774 garter-snake1775 nachtslang1821 death adder1833 coral1852 the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Elapidae or Najidae > member of genus Micrurus (coral-snake) coral-snake1758 coral-serpent1774 Tortrix1843 coral1852 1784 Universal Mag. 121 Among the Serpents, there are none so venemous..nor more common in this Isthmus [Darien] than the Corales.] 1852 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. I. iv. 152 The Cascabel, or rattle-snake, the Coral, and other vipers..frequent these..arid haunts. 7. a. Made or composed of (red) coral as a material. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > coral > [adjective] coral1452 1452 Will of Joan Barker (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/1) f. 136 Quyral bedis. 1524 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 179 ij. pair of currall bedes. a1593 C. Marlowe Passionate Sheepheard in Englands Helicon (1600) sig. Aa.2 Corall clasps and Amber studs. 1883 ‘G. Lloyd’ Ebb & Flow II. xxix. 151 She wore that pink coral set. b. Coral-like, of the colour of red coral. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > bright red or scarlet scarletc1386 puniceousa1398 vermeilc1400 corala1522 Punic?1553 orient1578 vermilion1589 wax-red1593 cherry-red1594 Punical1606 coralline?1608 scarleted1641 coccineous1654 cinnabrianc1668 poppy-coloured1677 miniaceous1688 phoeniceous1688 cherry-coloured1695 coral-red1700 cardinal1755 cherried1762 ponceau1774 punicean1786 cinnabar1807 geraniumed1819 miniatous1826 cardinal scarlet1828 vermilion-coloured1835–6 geranium-coloured1836 pink1846 cardinal red1850 lobster-red1856 phoenicean1857 magenta1877 angered1878 scarlet-vermilion1882 tomato1889 camellia-red1890 miniate1891 nasturtium-red1896 sealing-wax1912 a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xii. Prol. 155 Phebus red fowle hys corall creist can steir. a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. i. 172 I saw her corrall lips to moue. View more context for this quotation 1633 Costlie Whore ii. sig. C4^v I loath to looke upon a common lip. Were it as corrall as Aurora's cheeke. 1852 Beck's Florist 257 The Fuchsia..a brilliant coral tube and sepals, with corolla of intense violet. c. Naturally consisting or formed of coral in the mass. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [adjective] > of or relating to the Anthozoa > consisting of coral coral1612 1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion x. 160 Amongst the Corall-Groues in the Vergiuian Deepe. 1713 E. Young Poem on Last Day i. 21 Through coral Groves, Through labyrinths of Rocks. 1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. I. 59 Having nearly reached her destination, she, through the ignorance of the pilot, run against a coral rock. 1819 R. Heber in Evangeical Mag. July 316 From Greenland's icy mountains, From India's coral strand. 1845 C. Darwin Jrnl. (ed. 2) xx. 480 Some of the..encircled islands are composed of coral-rock. Compounds C1. General combinations: a. Objective. coral-fishing n. coral-making n. coral-secreting n. ΚΠ 1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes ii. §9. 15 The coral-secreting polyps. b. Instrumental. coral-bound adj. ΚΠ 1872 J. D. Dana Corals & Coral Islands ii. 129 A coral-bound coast. coral-built adj. ΚΠ 1884 J. Colborne With Hicks Pasha in Soudan 259 The white, coral-built town of Suakin lay like a pearl before me. coral-cinctured adj. ΚΠ 1785 T. Warton Poems 55 My coral-cinctur'd stole. coral-girt adj. ΚΠ 1872 J. D. Dana Corals & Coral Islands ii. 130 Coral-girt islands. coral-paven adj. ΚΠ 1637 J. Milton Comus 30 Heave thy rosie head From thy coral-paven bed. c. Similative. coral-pink adj. ΚΠ 1887 Daily News 20 July 6/1 A coral-pink embroidered dress. coral-red n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > bright red or scarlet scarletc1386 puniceousa1398 vermeilc1400 corala1522 Punic?1553 orient1578 vermilion1589 wax-red1593 cherry-red1594 Punical1606 coralline?1608 scarleted1641 coccineous1654 cinnabrianc1668 poppy-coloured1677 miniaceous1688 phoeniceous1688 cherry-coloured1695 coral-red1700 cardinal1755 cherried1762 ponceau1774 punicean1786 cinnabar1807 geraniumed1819 miniatous1826 cardinal scarlet1828 vermilion-coloured1835–6 geranium-coloured1836 pink1846 cardinal red1850 lobster-red1856 phoenicean1857 magenta1877 angered1878 scarlet-vermilion1882 tomato1889 camellia-red1890 miniate1891 nasturtium-red1896 sealing-wax1912 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 225 High was his Comb, and Coral-red withal. 1882 Garden 8 July 17/1 Handsome bold buds of intense coral-red. d. Parasynthetic. coral-beaded adj. ΚΠ 1883 Good Words 24 113 Gorgeous articles of native dress..coral-beaded. coral-berried adj. ΚΠ 1897 Daily News 9 Sept. 6/1 The drooping boughs of coral-berried rowan. 1937 E. Blunden Elegy 54 Some coral-berried tree. coral-buttoned adj. ΚΠ 1848 A. H. Clough Bothie of Toper-na-Fuosich i. 44 Waistcoat blue, coral-buttoned. coral-rooted adj. ΚΠ 1776 W. Withering Brit. Plants (1796) II. 33 Coralrooted Twayblade. coral-stamened adj. ΚΠ 1881 E. H. Hunt Children at Jerusalem 139 A branch of the yellow-tasselled coral-stamened acacia. C2. Special combinations: Categories » coral bead plant n. Abrus precatorius, a native of India, bearing small scarlet egg-shaped seeds, used for necklaces and other ornamental purposes, also in India as a standard of weight. coral-bean n. the seed of the flowering shrub Erythrina glauca, and of the bead- or necklace-tree, Ormosia dasycarpa. coral-berry n. an American shrub ( Symphoricarpus vulgaris) allied to the Snowberry, but having the berries deep red ( Treasury Bot. 1866). ΚΠ 1860 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 3) Coral Berry, the Indian Currant of Missouri. coral-creeper n. a species of Kennedya ( K. prostrata), a leguminous plant bearing large bright red or pink flowers. coral-fern n. Australian a name given to Australian ferns of the genus Gleichenia. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > other ferns mountain parsley1578 female fern1597 rock parsley1597 spleenwort1597 marsh fern1686 prickly fern1764 parsley fern1777 sensitive fern1780 lady fern1783 stone-brake1796 mountain fern1800 rock brake1802 walking leaf1811 todea1813 shield-fern1814 Woodsia1815 mangemange1817 cinnamon fern1818 climbing fern1818 bladder-fern1828 king fern1829 filmy fern1830 ostrich fern1833 New York fern1843 mokimoki1844 rhizocarp1852 film-fern1855 nardoo1860 gymnogram1861 holly-fern1861 limestone-polypody1861 elk-horn1865 Gleichenia1865 lizard's herb1866 cliff brake1867 kidney fern1867 Christmas fern1873 Prince of Wales feathers1873 Christmas shield fern1878 buckler-fern1882 crape-fern1882 stag-horn1882 ladder fern1884 oleander fern1884 stag fern1884 resam1889 lip-fern1890 coral-fern1898 bamboo fern1930 pteroid1949 fern-gale- 1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 98/1 Coral-Fern, name given in Victoria to Gleichenia circinata. 1942 C. Barrett Austral. Wild Flower Bk. xi. 190 Coral ferns and fan ferns belong to the same genus, Gleichenia. 1968 G. R. Cochrane et al. Flowers & Plants of Victoria 171 Wiry rhachises of the Scrambling Coral Fern..branch repeatedly for several feet to form umbrella-like fronds with tiny flattened pinnules. A closely related species, Pouched Coral Fern or Wiry Coral Fern, has pouch-like pinnules. coral-fish n. a name for fishes of the families Chætodontidæ and Pomacentridæ which frequent coral-reefs. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > member of family Chaetodontidae Chaetodonc1750 angelfish1784 coral-fish1880 the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > family Pomacentridae > member of (damsel-fish) Beau-gregory1847 coral-fish1880 goldfish1882 demoiselle1884 Garibaldi1885 damsel-fish1905 white-ear1922 anemonefish1924 maomao1926 1880 A. Günther Introd. Study of Fishes 525 The small Zoophytes covering the banks, round which these ‘Coral-fishes’ abound. coral-flower n. the flower of Erythrina: see coral-tree n. ΚΠ 1777 G. Forster Voy. round World I. 263 A beautiful erythrina, or coral-flower. coral-gall n. an excrescence produced on coral by the action of epizoic animals, esp. crabs and barnacles; also attributive, of such an animal. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [adjective] > of or relating to the Anthozoa > that produces excrescence on coral coral-gall1903 the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > excrescence produced on coral-gall1903 1903 Nature 10 Sept. 457/1 These coral galls may be found on the Milleporas and Madreporas of a certain portion of a reef and be absent from all the other genera of neighbouring corals. 1957 Encycl. Brit. VI. 627/1 Another small but intriguing species is the coral-gall crab (Hapalocarcinus), which in some fashion irritates the growing tips of certain corals so that they grow to enclose the female in a stony prison..which provides an enduring shelter. coral-grove n. a dense mass of tree-like corals growing together. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > non-specific types > plant-like > mass of coral-grove1839 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. xxii. 549 Those coral-groves, which..had attained the utmost possible limit of upward growth. coral honeysuckle n. a North American species of honeysuckle, Lonicera sempervirens, with evergreen foliage and scarlet flowers. ΚΠ 1891 N.E.D. at Honeysuckle Coral honeysuckle. 2003 Horticulture Mar. 58/2 From here a road bordered by a rail fence enshrouded with the native coral honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens ) swings around the rear of the five-acre property. coral-insect n. a popular name for a coral polyp. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > individual of polypidom coral-insect1753 coral polyp1846 coralline1860 coral-worma1861 coral-zoophyte1874 scleroderm- 1753 Philos. Trans. 1751–2 (Royal Soc.) 47 454 Upon the coasts of Barbary..he had the pleasure of seeing the coral-insect move its claws or legs. coral-island n. an island of which the formation is due to the growth of coral. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > island > [noun] > other desert island1607 holt1611 sister isle1612 atoll1625 floating island1638 sister island1659 tropical island1769 artificial island1775 home island1806 wooden island1808 fire-isle1817 coral-island1831 thrum cap1832 branch-island1834 island-continent1872 off-island1880 hover1892 phosphate island1909 1831 H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. ii. 141 MM. Quoy and Gaimard..paid particular attention to the coral islands and reefs. coral-lacquer n. coral-lac n. a red lacquer, forming a surface capable of being carved in low relief. coral-limestone n. coralline limestone. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > limestone > others lias1404 stone marrow1681 stone marl1682 saint's head stone1763 Kentish rag1769 watericle1776 kankar1793 Cotham1816 mountain limestone1817 tosca1818 cornstone1819 burr1829 coral-limestone1831 scar-limestone1831 Wenlock limestone1834 bavin1839 curf1839 Solenhofen slate1841 Beer stone1871 miliolite limestone1872 Clipsham1877 reef limestone1884 Hopton wood1888 thermo-calcite1888 Kilkenny marble1930 micrite1959 1831 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. II. 287 The increase of coral limestone..may vary greatly according to the sites of mineral springs. 1839 G. A. Mantell Wonders Geol. (ed. 3) II. 563 In reference to the formation of coral limestones,..some beds..consist of a pure calcareous mud. 1878 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 34 120 Formerly pyroclasite was supposed to be the result of volcanic action upon the coral-limestone. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. X. 302/2 Clipperton has no basalt but has trachyte and coral limestone. coral-milk n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1871 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom (ed. 4) vi. 128 The nutritive fluids, after elaboration by the polyps,..are conveyed into the larger deep-seated parallel tubes: the nutrient fluid contained in these tubes resembles milk so much that it is known by the name of coral-milk. coral-mud n. mud formed by decomposed coral. ΚΠ 1877 T. H. Huxley Physiography xv. 254 The loose blocks are cemented into compact masses by means of coral-sand and coral-mud. coral-pea n. = coral-creeper n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > Australasian kareao1845 Kennedya1845 piripiri1853 balloon vine1889 wonga(-wonga) vine1895 Australian bluebell creeper1896 coral-pea1896 running postman1898 1896 Melburnian 28 Aug. 53 The trailing scarlet kennedyas, aptly called the ‘bleeding-heart’ or ‘coral pea’. 1962 Austral. Encycl. V. 175/2 K[ennedya] prostrata, the ‘running postman’, or scarlet coral-pea, is found in all States; it has clover-like leaves and single or twin showy flowers with yellow centres. coral pea-tree n. red sandalwood, Adenanthera pavonina. ΚΠ 1884 Miller Plant-n. Pea-tree, Chinese,..Coral,..West Indian. coral polyp n. one of the individual animals of a coral polypidom, a coral-zoophyte. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > individual of polypidom coral-insect1753 coral polyp1846 coralline1860 coral-worma1861 coral-zoophyte1874 scleroderm- 1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes ii. 15 note The animals of a coral zoophyte are coral-animals or coral-polyps. coral-sand n. (cf. coral-mud n.). ΚΠ 1876 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 6) iii. 68 Formed entirely of coarse coral-sand. coral-serpent n. = coral-snake n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Elapidae or Najidae > member of genus Elaps stag-snake1668 bead-snake1737 coral-snake1758 coral-serpent1774 garter-snake1775 nachtslang1821 death adder1833 coral1852 the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Elapidae or Najidae > member of genus Micrurus (coral-snake) coral-snake1758 coral-serpent1774 Tortrix1843 coral1852 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 215 The Coral Serpent, which is red, and whose bite is said to be fatal. coral-shoemaker n. a fish of the genus Teuthis, found in the coral reefs of the Indian Ocean. coral-spot n. a disease of shrubs and trees caused by the fungus Nectria cinnabarina; also, the fungus itself. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with trees heart rot1808 white rot1828 sap-rot1838 red rot1847 conk1851 soft rot1886 pine blister1889 silver-leaf1890 leaf shedding1891 pine rust1893 leaf cast1894 partridge-wood1894 larch blister1895 needle-cast1895 sooty mould1901 white pine blister rust1909 larch needle cast1921 coral-spot1923 ink disease1923 pocket rot1926 wood rot1926 Dutch elm disease1927 oak wilt1942 ash dieback1957 the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > causing disease in plants bunt1800 Sclerotium1813 Alternaria1834 oidium1836 Septoria1836 conk1851 Rhizopus1854 snow-mould1855 vine-mildew1855 vine-fungus1857 bramble-brand1867 Microsphaera1871 wood-fungus1876 sphacelia1879 blue mould1882 orange fungus1882 cluster-cup1883 hop-mildew1883 powdery mildew1886 cladosporium1887 shot-hole fungus1897 verdet1897 wound-fungus1897 fusarium1907 verticillium1916 rhynchosporium1918 coral-spot1923 blind-seed fungus1939 sclerotinia1950 1923 Trans. Brit. Mycological Soc. 8 22 (heading) The parasitism of Nectria cinnabarina (Coral Spot). 1966 F. H. Brightman Oxf. Bk. Flowerless Plants 144/2 Nectria cinnabarina (‘Coral Spot’) is common at all times of the year on moist, newly fallen twigs and branches. coral-stitch n. a stitch used in embroidery, producing an irregular branched appearance like that of some kinds of coral. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > stitch > other chain-stitch1598 French knot1623 picot1623 petty-point1632 tent-stitch1639 brede-stitch1640 herringbone stitch1659 satin stitch1664 feather-stitch1835 Gobelin stitch1838 crowfoot1839 seedingc1840 German stitch1842 petit point1842 long stitch1849 looped stitch1851 hem-stitch1853 loop-stitch1853 faggot stitch1854 spider-wheel1868 dot stitch1869 picot stitch1869 slip-stitch1872 coral-stitch1873 stem stitch1873 rope stitch1875 Vienna cross stitch1876 witch stitch1876 pin stitch1878 seed stitch1879 cushion-stitch1880 Japanese stitch1880 darning-stitch1881 Kensington stitch1881 knot-stitch1881 bullion knot1882 cable pattern1882 Italian stitch1882 lattice-stitch1882 queen stitch1882 rice stitch1882 shadow-stitch1882 ship-ladder1882 spider-stitch1882 stem1882 Vandyke stitch1882 warp-stitch1882 wheel-stitch1882 basket-stitch1883 outline stitch1885 pointing1888 bullion stitchc1890 cable-stitchc1890 oriental stitchc1890 Turkish stitchc1890 Romanian stitch1894 shell-stitch1895 saddle stitch1899 magic stitch1900 plumage-stitch1900 saddle stitching1902 German knot stitch1903 trellis1912 padding stitch1913 straight stitch1918 Hungarian stitch1921 trellis stitch1921 lazy daisy1923 diamond stitchc1926 darning1930 faggot filling stitch1934 fly stitch1934 magic chain stitch1934 glove stitch1964 pad stitch1964 1873 Young Englishwoman Jan. 46/2 Work the veins in coral-stitch and hem-stitch. coral-stone n. limestone or marble composed of fossil corals. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > concretion or petrifaction > [noun] > coral > specific coral-stone1607 mushroom stone1668 starry stone1677 mushroom coral1681 stone-mushroom1687 organ-pipe coral1833 Neptune's cup1839 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 194 It is like to..the Marble called Lapis Coraliticus Corrol stone. 1876 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 6) xx. 426 The ‘coral-stone’ has a sparry crystalline aspect. coral-teeth n. = coral-root n. (Miller Plant-names). coral-thrombus n. a red clot formed by the enclosing of red corpuscles by coagulating fibrin. ΚΠ 1900 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 25 Oct. 157 In the larger vessels considerable fibrin and a homogenous material resembling coral-thrombi are seen. coral vine n. = corallita n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental vine > [noun] > coral vine corallita1899 coral vine1931 1931 T. W. Sanders Encycl. Gardening (ed. 21) 28 Antigonon (Coral Vine; Corallita)..Tuberous-rooted stove climbers..Species cultivated: A. leptopus, bright pink, summer, 10 to 15 ft., Mexico. coral-worm n. = coral polyp n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > individual of polypidom coral-insect1753 coral polyp1846 coralline1860 coral-worma1861 coral-zoophyte1874 scleroderm- a1861 A. H. Clough Dipsychus ii. iv, in Lett. & Remains (1865) 186 But I must slave, a meagre coral-worm. coral-zone n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 126 In marine geology, the coral zone..is the region of the calcareous and stronger corals, and extends from 300 to 600 feet. coral-zoophyte n. = coral polyp n. See also coral-plant n., coral-rag n., coral reef n., etc. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > member of > individual of polypidom coral-insect1753 coral polyp1846 coralline1860 coral-worma1861 coral-zoophyte1874 scleroderm- 1874 W. B. Dawkins Cave Hunting ii. 71 In the tissues of the coral-zoophytes it assumes the form of stony groves. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † coraln.² Etymology: < Old French curail ‘balle du blé’ (Godefroy), chaff. Obsolete. Chaff of corn. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > corn, cereals, or grain > [noun] > chaff or husks of grain grita700 chaffc1000 crapa1425 coralc1440 pug?1440 shelling1598 shood1601 ray1656 scufting1688 rubble1767 cosh1787 sheeling-seeds1802 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 92 Coralle, or drasse of corne [King's Cambr. coralys or drosse, Phillipps coralyys], acus. c1480 Harl. MS. 1587 in Promptorium Parvulorum 92 Acus, coralle. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). coralv. Etymology: < coral n.¹Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈcoral. rare. transitive. To make red like coral, to crimson. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > make red [verb (transitive)] > make bright red envermeil14.. scarlet1553 coral1648 cardinalize1653 1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. R7 The immortall Sunne Corrols his cheeke, to see those Rites not done. 1658 W. Chamberlayne Loves Victory iv. 57 The modest blush Corals the Virgin cheek no longer. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2019). < n.¹c1305n.²c1440v.1648
随便看	oat-growing oat-hair calculus oat-hull oat-husk oat-importer oat-like oat-like grass oat-malt oat-pipe oat-producing oat-ridder oat-seed bird oat-shaped oat-sheller oat-stalk oat-stone oat-straw oat-tying oatale oatbearing oatburner oatcake oatcakes oatcelled oatconsumer

coraln.1

Compounds

† coraln.2

coralv.

coraln.¹

† coraln.²