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单词 corrosive
释义

corrosiveadj.n.

Brit. /kəˈrəʊsɪv/, /kəˈrəʊzɪv/, U.S. /kəˈroʊsɪv/, /kəˈroʊzɪv/
Forms: α. Middle English corosif, ( corosyf, corosyff), Middle English–1500s corosive, ( corosyve), corrosyve, (1500s carosyfe, 1600s corrosif), 1500s– corrosive. β. Middle English coresif, 1500s coresefe, corrizive, corrysive, 1600s corrisive, corrisif. γ. 1500s–1600s co(r)rasive. See also corsie n. and adj., corsive adj.1 and n.
Etymology: < French corrosif, Old French corosif, -ive (14th cent. in Littré). The stress being originally on the third syllable, and afterwards on the first, the second was obscure, and its vowel was represented by e , i , a , and at length lost, giving the form corsive adj.1 and n. Since the 17th cent. etymological influence has caused the prevalence of corrosive with stress on the second syllable, as in corrode, corrosion; this is found in Milton 1667.The form corrasive has occasionally been taken as a derivative of Latin rādĕre to scrape, and distinguished fromcorrosive.1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 9) 705 They are our corrosives, corrasives, used onely to pare off our excrements.1656 T. Blount Glossographia Corrasive (from corrado), which scrapes together, shaves or spoils: This word is many times mistaken for Corrosive, from Corrodo.
A. adj. Having the quality of corroding.
1. Having the quality of eating away or consuming by chemical action: said of acids, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > corroded > corrosive
corrosivec1386
cankeringa1450
succorrosive?1541
caustic1555
corsive1576
mordant1601
corroding1605
corrodiating1640
diabrotic1775
ardent1799
corrodent1835
aggressive1888
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > acids > [adjective] > relating to acids general > corrosive properties
corrosivec1386
corsive1576
diabrotic1775
corrodent1835
c1386 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Prol. & Tale 300 Of watres corosif [v.r. coresif] and of lymayle.
1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy Adm., in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 190 Waters corrosyve and waters Ardent.
1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xiv. i. 354 Waters corosiue..waters of albification, [etc.].
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1667 (1955) III. 495 The corrosive aire of London.
1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. iii. v. 311 Quicklime and oil of vitriol..exercise a powerful corrosive action on both animal and vegetable substances.
1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 17 July 9/1 You were sentenced for throwing corrosive fluid over your..wife.
2. Having the quality of eating away or destroying organic tissue:
a. said of diseases, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [adjective] > alteration of tissue > decomposition or destruction
corrosivec1400
melting1605
undermined1844
attritional1849
saprogenic1876
saprogenous1876
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 78 Avicen seiþ þæt þer ben .vi. maner of þis ulcus..summe corosif.
1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. Djv Impostumes and other corosyve sores.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 401 To heal the scarr of these corrosive Fires. View more context for this quotation
1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 439 Corrosive Ulcers, and spreading Cankers.
1876 J. Harley Royle's Man. Materia Med. (ed. 6) 316 Violent corrosive poisons.
1877 A. C. Swinburne Note C. Brontë 37 It is a radical and mortal plague-spot, corrosive and incurable.
b. Medicine. Said of medicinal agents or preparations: Caustic, escharotic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > corrosive or caustic > [adjective]
corrosivec1400
adustive?a1425
mortifying?a1425
caustic1555
ustive1598
corrodent1599
escharotic1628
catheretic1634
pyrotic1634
catheretical1638
escharotical1651
calcineous1660
caustical1676
phagedaenic1702
phagedaenical1725
diabrotic1775
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 214 Þis þou myȝt do with a medicyne corosif, save an hoot iren is bettere.
1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1859) i. xxxi. 35 A plaister corosyf.
1541 T. Elyot Image of Gouernance x. f. 19v Lyke good surgeons..with corrosyue and sharpe medicines, to drawe out the festred and stynkynge cores.
1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clvi. 460 The medicines are either corrosiue, putrifactiue, or caustick.
1751 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 2 May (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1720 Not by taking anything corrosive to make you lean.
1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present i. vi. 48 Some Saint-John's corrosive mixture.
γ. 1592 W. West Symbolæogr.: 1st Pt. §102 B Any such corrasiue, sharpe or eager medicine.1618 M. Baret Hipponomie i. 72 The vnskilfull Chirurgion, which hath applyed corrasiue medicines to a greene wound.figurative.1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 61 Christ administers..a sharpe & corrosive sentence against a foul and putrid licence.
3. figurative (a) Destructive, consuming, wasting; (b) fretting, wearing to the mind or feelings.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > [adjective] > causing worry
corrosive1581
baiting1585
fretful1737
worrying1826
worrisome1845
worriting1845
fidgety1885
1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxvii. 166 Vnlawfull and corrosiue maintenaunce.
a1600 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie (1648) vi. 13 There ariseth..a pensive and corrosive desire, that we had done otherwise.
1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Third 32 Ills corrosive, Cares importunate.
1776 G. Campbell Philos. of Rhetoric I. i. xi. 283 That torpid, but corrosive rest which is the greatest of evils.
1849 C. Brontë Shirley II. x. 254 The most corrosive woe.
1888 Amer. Humorist 5 May 14/2 The face of nature as it is before the corrosive hand of civilization sweeps across it.
B. n.
1. A substance that corrodes by chemical action; an acid or the like.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [noun] > corrosion > substance that causes corrosion
corrosive1471
eater1610
diabrotic1775
1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy Adm., in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 191 Oyles with Corrosyves Imade.
1616 F. Anthonie (title) Apologie or..Gold..made Potable and Medicinable without Corrosives.
1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. IV. 222 A corrosive, compounded of one-third of tartar and two-thirds of nitre.
2.
a. Medicine. A corrosive drug, remedy, etc.; a caustic, escharotic, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > corrosive or caustic > [noun]
potential cauterya1400
corrosivec1400
corsiec1450
caustic1582
corsive1593
corrodent1614
pyrotic1634
escharotic1655
scarotique1673
cautery1689
diabrotic1775
caustic arrow1860
catheretic1887
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 349 Corosivis & cauterizativis we usiþ in cirurgie in manie causis.
1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 160 Black Hellebor..menged with Corrosiues.
1767 R. Jago Edge-hill iii. (R.) As sharp corrosives to the schirrous flesh.
1830 R. Christison Treat. Poisons i. i. 2 Many of these irritants, such as arsenic, are in common speech called corrosives.
γ. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cccxlvv To lay to this disease some corrasiue or other sharp medicine.1636 D. Featley Clavis Mystica xx. 259 In physicke the corasives sharpen the lenitives, and the lenitives mitigate the corasives.1638 G. Sandys Paraphr. Iob xiii, in Paraphr. Divine Poems You Corrasives into my wounds distill.
b. Applied to condiments having a sharp or pungent taste. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > additive > acid or tart flavouring > [noun]
souring14..
corrosive1707
1707 J. Floyer Physician's Pulse-watch 82 The hot Tastes in our Diet..such are the Acrid or Corrosives, as Mustard and Garlick; the Aromatics as Ginger.
3. figurative.
Thesaurus »
a. Something that ‘frets’ or causes care or annoyance; a grief, annoyance.
b. A sharp or caustic remedy (cf. A. 2). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > [noun] > remedy > sharp
corsiec1450
corrosivec1550
corsive1564
α.
c1550 J. Ramsey (title) A Carosyfe to be layed hard unto the Hartes of all faythfull professours of Christes Gospel.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. iv. iv. 198 They..so meditate continually of it, that it is a perpetuall corsiue.
1663 Earl of Clarendon Contempl. Psalms in Tracts (1727) 731 The grief that arises from ill children, is a greater corrosive, than the comfort of good is a cordial.
β. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 282 b This is the Popes best corrizive wherewith he eateth out the canker of controversies.1602 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law i. 27 That..their fathers faults [should be] a continuall corrisiue.γ. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 35 I was halfe perswaded that they [sc. women]..would be comforters, but now I see they..will be corasiues.1588 R. Greene Pandosto sig. C3v In thinges past cure, care is a corrasiue.1631 E. Pellham Gods Power 23 What a cutting Corasive it would be to them, to heare of the untimely deaths of their children.1658 T. Wall God's Revenge 43 What a corrasive..to the penitent soul of David, to hear Nathan say, Thou hast made the enemies of the Lord to blaspheme.
c. Something that consumes. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > using up, expending, or consuming > [noun] > using up completely > one who or that which
corrosive1533
swallower1548
soaker1577
exhauster1743
1533 T. Elyot Let. in Gouernour (1880) I. Introd. p. xcvi Dowghters..be grete corrosives of a litle substance.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

corrosivev.

Forms: Also 1600s corrasive.
Etymology: < corrosive n.
Obsolete.
transitive. To apply a corrosive to; to consume or ‘fret’ as a corrosive; to worry, vex, annoy, distress.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > be annoyed or vexed by [verb (transitive)] > annoy or vex
gremec893
dretchc900
awhenec1000
teenOE
fretc1290
annoyc1300
atrayc1320
encumberc1330
diseasec1340
grindc1350
distemperc1386
offenda1387
arra1400
avexa1400
derea1400
miscomforta1400
angerc1400
engrievec1400
vex1418
molesta1425
entrouble?1435
destroublea1450
poina1450
rubc1450
to wring (a person) on the mailsc1450
disprofit1483
agrea1492
trouble1515
grig1553
mis-set?1553
nip?1553
grate1555
gripe1559
spitec1563
fike?1572
gall1573
corsie1574
corrosive1581
touch1581
disaccommodate1586
macerate1588
perplex1590
thorn1592
exulcerate1593
plague1595
incommode1598
affret1600
brier1601
to gall or tread on (one's) kibes1603
discommodate1606
incommodate1611
to grate on or upon1631
disincommodate1635
shog1636
ulcerate1647
incommodiate1650
to put (a person) out of his (her, etc.) way1653
discommodiate1654
discommode1657
ruffle1659
regrate1661
disoblige1668
torment1718
pesta1729
chagrin1734
pingle1740
bothera1745
potter1747
wherrit1762
to tweak the nose of1784
to play up1803
tout1808
rasp1810
outrage1818
worrit1818
werrit1825
buggerlug1850
taigle1865
get1867
to give a person the pip1881
to get across ——1888
nark1888
eat1893
to twist the tail1895
dudgeon1906
to tweak the tail of1909
sore1929
to put up1930
wouldn't it rip you!1941
sheg1943
to dick around1944
cheese1946
to pee off1946
to honk off1970
to fuck off1973
to tweak (a person's or thing's) tail1977
to tweak (a person's or thing's) nose1983
to wind up1984
to dick about1996
to-teen-
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by topical applications > treat by topical applications [verb (transitive)] > treat with corrosive or caustic
corsie1574
corrosive1581
cauterize1800
caustic1852
1581 B. Rich Farewell Mil. Profession (1846) 14 Not only sett us free from these detestable enormities, but corrosived our consciences.
1627 M. Drayton Miseries Queene Margarite in Battaile Agincourt 74 If any thing doe corrosiue his brest, It was, that he was in base England borne.
1642 D. Rogers Naaman 865 To have the dead flesh deeply corrasived.

Derivatives

corrosiving n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by topical applications > [noun] > application of corrosives or caustics
corrosiving?1593
potential cautery1598
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by topical applications > [adjective] > application of corrosives or caustics
corrosiving?1593
cauterized1603
cauterizing1626
?1593 H. Chettle Kind-harts Dreame sig. D1 Trauelers that by incision are able to ease all atches..note their cuttings, drawings, corrosiuings, boxings, butcherings.
a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 79 Let us take off the proud flesh with the corrosiving denunciations of vengeance to the impenitent sinners.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
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adj.n.c1386v.1581
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