cousinn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈkʌzn/, U.S.

/ˈkəzn/

Forms:

α. Middle English coseyn, Middle English cosigne, Middle English cossigne, Middle English cossyn, Middle English cossyne, Middle English cosynne, Middle English cozyn, Middle English cussyn, Middle English cusyn, Middle English kosen, Middle English kosin, Middle English kosnis (plural), Middle English kosyn, Middle English–1500s coosyn, Middle English–1600s cosin, Middle English–1600s cosine, Middle English–1600s cossen, Middle English–1600s cossin, Middle English–1600s cosyn, Middle English–1600s cosyne, Middle English–1600s cousine, Middle English–1600s cousyn, Middle English–1700s cosen, Middle English– cousin, 1500s coessen, 1500s cosinne, 1500s cossein, 1500s cossine, 1500s cosygnes (plural), 1500s–1600s coosen, 1500s–1600s coosin, 1500s–1600s coozin, 1500s–1600s coussin, 1500s–1600s cozin, 1500s–1600s (1800s nonstandard) cussin, 1500s–1700s cousen, 1500s–1700s coussen, 1500s–1700s couzen, 1500s–1700s cozen, 1500s–1700s cusin, 1600s coson, 1600s couson, 1600s–1700s cuzen, 1700s couzin, 1700s cusson; also Scottish pre-1700 coasen, pre-1700 coson, pre-1700 cousune, pre-1700 cowsein, pre-1700 cowsen, pre-1700 cussain, pre-1700 cwsine, 1700s cussen, 1800s cusine; Irish English (Wexford) 1800s cozeen; U.S. regional 1800s– cousint, 1900s– cud'n, 1900s– cudn, 1900s– kuzzint; N.E.D. (1893) also records the forms Middle English coosen, Middle English coosin, Middle English cosinne, Middle English cusin, Middle English kussin.

β. Middle English cosing, Middle English cosyng, 1500s cousyng, 1600s cussing; Scottish pre-1700 cooseing, pre-1700 coosigne, pre-1700 coosing, pre-1700 coossinge, pre-1700 cosyng, pre-1700 couising, pre-1700 counsing, pre-1700 couseing, pre-1700 couseing, pre-1700 cousigne, pre-1700 cousignne, pre-1700 cousing, pre-1700 cousingne, pre-1700 coussinge, pre-1700 cousyng, pre-1700 covsing, pre-1700 cowseng, pre-1700 cowsing, pre-1700 cowsyng, pre-1700 cuising, pre-1700 cuissing, pre-1700 cuseing, pre-1700 cusigne, pre-1700 cusignne, pre-1700 cusing, pre-1700 cusinge, pre-1700 cussing, pre-1700 cusyng, pre-1700 cusynge, pre-1700 cvsing, pre-1700 cwsigne, pre-1700 cwsing, pre-1700 cwsyng; N.E.D. (1893) also records a form late Middle English cousyng; N.E.D. (1902) also records a form quesing.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French cousin; French cousine.

Etymology: Partly (denoting a male) < Anglo-Norman cosen, cosigne, cosine, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French cousin, cosin, cusin (French cousin ) any collateral male relative more distant than a brother (c1100; 15th cent. or earlier as a form of address used by monarchs to male nobles or monarchs), ultimately < classical Latin consobrīnus cousin on the mother's side, cousin in general, relation < con- con- prefix + sobrīnus cousin on the mother's side < an unattested derivative < the Indo-European base of classical Latin soror ( < the same Indo-European base as sister n.) + the Indo-European base of classical Latin -īnus -ine suffix¹; and partly (denoting a female) < Old French cosine, Anglo-Norman and Middle French cousine, cusine (French cousine) any collateral female relative more distant than a sister (12th cent.; 15th cent. or earlier as a form of address used by monarchs to female nobles or monarchs), feminine form corresponding to cousin.Compare post-classical Latin cossofrenus and cosina , feminine (both 8th cent.), and also Old Occitan cosi , cosin , cozin , Catalan cosí (11th cent.), Italian cugino (a1313). Compare also Romansh cusrin , cusdrin , which retains the r of its Latin etymon. Specific forms. The β. forms show reverse spellings reflecting regular Older Scots variation between -n and -ng (typically with -ing suffix¹; perhaps compare -ing suffix³). Specific senses. In the medieval period Anglo-Norman cosin and Middle English cosin are sometimes used to translate use as noun of classical Latin consanguineus (see consanguineous adj.), usually with reference to more distant relationship (compare discussion at sense A. 1a and also sense A. 4). With senses A. 5a and A. 5b compare Middle French cousine priest's concubine (early 14th cent.), prostitute (15th cent.). The development of sense A. 6 is unclear; perhaps compare cozen v. Earlier attestation as surname. Attested earlier as a surname, e.g. Randulfus Cusin (1160), Fulko Cusin (1184), Willelmus Cosin (1212), although such uses probably reflect currency of the Anglo-Norman rather than the Middle English word.

A. n.

a. Any collateral relative more distant than a brother or sister; a (distant) relation. Now frequently with modifier, as distant, remote.Formerly frequently applied to a nephew or niece (e.g. in quots. c1330, 1600, 1747), but now always denoting a relative at least as distant as a first cousin: see senses A. 1b, A. 1c.In early use occasionally also applied to a grandchild or more distant lineal relative (e.g. in quot. a1382; cf. quot. ?a1439 at sense A. 2a). Cf. sense A. 4.kissing cousin, Scotch cousin: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun]

gadlingeOE

sibmanOE

friendOE

sibOE

siblingOE

kinsmanc1175

friendmana1200

kinc1200

cousinc1300

allyc1380

kindreda1450

parent?c1450

alliancec1475

lyance1502

relation1502

relate1651

relative1657

relator1665

family member1673

correlative1697

relater1702

rellie1921

rello1982

c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) l. 1444 Arnoldin..was Aþulfes cosin.

c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) l. 2578 Men tolde, þe bischop was is em... Þe beschop..seide: ‘Wolkome, leue cosin!’

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xlv. 16 Only alone the sonus of hym, and the cosynes [a1425 L.V. sones sones; L. nepotes] of hym, bi alle tyme.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 4703 Þi sister sonne am I, þou eam & I cosyn.

?1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton i. sig. aiiij There be thre manere of cosyns. The fyrst is spirituel as ben godfaders and godmoders.

a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 261 A! lorde god..have mercy of my swete sone, husbonde, & cosyn..that he may be clene of his synnys.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. xvi. 7 Salute Andronicus, and Junia my cosyns [1611 kinsmen].

1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. x Si parentes inter se lamentantur, whiche is as moche to say, y^t if the cosyns of suche a chylde haue cause to make lamentacyon.

1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing i. ii. 1 How now brother, where is my cosen your sonne.

1668 Mrs. Evelyn To her Brother-in-law in J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) IV. 13 Though your eye be continually over my cousin your son.

1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. vi. 36 Cousin Harlowe, said my aunt Hervey, allow me to say.

1826 M. R. Mitford Our Village II. 244 The house and park..were entailed on a distant cousin.

1954 London Mag. Oct. 31 An old Mrs Thorogood who, it appeared, was some kind of cousin.

2012 N. N. Taleb Antifragile i. iv. 78 It was common in, say, rural France for someone to spend all his savings to erase the debts of a remote cousin.

b. spec. A child of the brother or sister of either of one's parents; a person with whom one has one or more (typically two) grandparents in common; = first cousin n. 1. Cf. full cousin n. at full adj., n.², and adv. Compounds 1b, own cousin n. at own adj. 2a, cousin-german n. 1.Now the usual sense when used without qualification.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > cousin > [noun]

gadlingeOE

cousinc1300

cousin-germanc1380

coz1563

coz-german1635

c1300 St. James Less (Laud) l. 24 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 365 Þe eldeste soster of alle þreo..bar ore louerd..And þe midleste hadde tweie sones..huy weren ore louerdes cosines.

a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 86 Joon Evangelist..Crist was his cosyn, and Cristis modir was his aunte.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II i. iv. 1–10 Coosen Aumarle, How far brought you high Hereford on his way?.. What said our cousin when you parted with him?

1660 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. III. 120 The Children of Uncles, or of Cosens.

1788 H. Walpole Reminiscences (1924) ii. 16 George the first, while electoral prince, had married his cousin.

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 8 He is my cousin, and the son of my uncle Glaucon.

1961 ABA Jrnl. Aug. 800/1 As many as fifty aunts, uncles and cousins might gather at the grandpaternal house to settle the family problems.

2015 B. Harden Great Leader & Fighter Pilot x. 159 He had received a letter from his fourteen-year-old cousin.

c. With preceding ordinal number (as first, second, etc.), expressing the degree of relationship between one and a collateral relative who is descended from a common ancestor by the same number of generations as oneself. Cf. first cousin n. 1, second cousin n. at second adj. and n.² Compounds 1, third cousin n. at third adj. and n. Compounds 1.One's first cousin (the child of a brother or sister of either of one's parents) shares one or more grandparents with oneself; one's second cousin (the child of a first cousin of either of one's parents) shares one or more great-grandparents with oneself; one's third cousin shares one or more great-great-grandparents with oneself; and so on.second cousin is sometimes used loosely to denote a child of one's first cousin. Descent from the common ancestor by a different number of generations from oneself is now usually denoted by the postmodifier (once, twice, etc.) removed: see Phrases 2.

ΚΠ

1577 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Chron. 381 Ther was in those daies..two young priestes first cousins: one of whiche was named Heliogabalus, and the other Alexius.

1660 Bp. J. Taylor Ductor Dubitantium I. ii. ii. 318 I never knew the marriage of second cosens forbidden, but by them who at the same time forbad the marriage of the first.

1753 Extracts Trial J. Stewart in Scots Mag. Sept. 446/1 The deponent is first cousin to the pannel.

1834 H. Martineau Farrers of Budge-Row iii. 43 Morgan believed herself to be the fiftieth cousin of the family.

1968 Brit. Jrnl. Plastic Surg. 21 411 The parents are third cousins—their great-grandmothers were sisters.

2005 J. McGahern Memoir 122 I had a wonderful day with my first cousins, exploring the shores of the lake.

2. As a form of address.

a. Expressing familiarity, affection, or friendship. Also (frequently with capital initial) as a title preceding a first name. Cf. coz n. 1a.Sometimes used of a person to whom the speaker is not related (cf. coz n. 1b). This usage was particularly associated with Cornwall in the 19th cent; cf. quot. 1880, and Cousin Jack n., Cousin Jacky n., Cousin Jan n., Cousin Jenny n. at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > [noun] > friend > as form of address

cousinc1330

neighboura1500

man?a1513

a chara1829

digger1915

boet1920

c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) l. 2578 Men tolde, þe bischop was is em... Þe beschop..seide: ‘Wolkome, leue cosin!’

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 376 O deere cosyn Palamon, quod he Thyn is the victorie of this auenture.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. l. 484 Our fadir Adam..saide ‘Cosyn Bochas’.

1615 R. A. Valiant Welshman i. iii. sig. B3 Cousin Caradoc, well, in all these pribble prabbles, how dooth our vncle Cadallan?

1714 C. Johnson Country Lasses i. i Cousin, thou art a very wild fop.

1822 M. Arden Diary in National Mag. (1856) Nov. 54/1 It will be hard work to get through the three months to Cousin Maria's wedding.

1880 M. A. Courtney W. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall 14/2 Cousin, a familiar epithet. All Cornish gentlemen are cousins.

1941 C. Brackett & B. Wilder Ball of Fire (film script) 75-A Say, what's buzzin' cousin!

2003 D. Gaines Misfit's Manifesto xvi. 373 I picked up a silver toe ring for Cousin Doris.

b. Used by a monarch in formally addressing another monarch, or a noble of his or her own country.In the United Kingdom applied in royal writs and commissions to viscounts and peers of higher rank.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > titles applied to royalty > by or for each other

brother1418

cousinc1418

c1418 King Henry V Let. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. I. i. 1 With my cosin of Northumberlond, and my cosin of Westmerland.

1513 King James IV Let. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. I. xxvii. 78 To the richt excellennt, richt hie, and michty Prince oure Derrest Brothir and Cousing the King of Ingland.

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iii. i. 7 We meruaile much our Cosin France Would in so iust a businesse, shut his bosome Against our borrowing prayers.

1673 King Charles II in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 112 Right Trusty and Right Welbeloved Cousin & Counsellor, Wee greet you well.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 386 In all writs, and commissions..the king, when he mentions any peer of the degree of an earl, always stiles him ‘trusty and well beloved cousin’: an appellation as antient as the reign of Henry IV; who being either by his wife, his mother, or his sisters actually related or allied to every earl in the kingdom, artfully..acknowledged that connexion in all his letters.

1850 Royal Comm. Great Exhib. in London Gaz. 4 Jan. Victoria, by the grace of God..to..Our right trusty and right entirely-beloved Cousin and Councillor Walter Francis Duke of Buccleuch and Queensbury.

1913 T. B. Batcheller Royal Spain of Today 435 The King's address to a grandee of his realm was always ‘mi primo’ or ‘my cousin’.

2011 London Gaz. 1 Apr. 6177/2 Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Our Other Realms and Territories Queen,..to Our Right Trusty and Right Entirely Beloved Cousin Edward William, Duke of Norfolk,..Greeting!

†c. In phrases expressing contempt or disparagement, as my dirty cousin, my cousin the weaver. Obsolete (archaic in later use).

ΚΠ

1655 Gossips Braule 6 Marry foh, come up my durty Cosin; your Husband saies you are a Jade.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. iv. xiv. 103 Marry, come up! I assure you, my dirty Cousin! thof his Skin be so white..I am a Christian as well as he.

1825 W. Scott Betrothed ix, in Tales Crusaders I. 174 Marry quep, my cousin the weaver.

1846 Morris's National Press (N.Y.) 21 Mar. Marry, come up, my dirty cousin. Hypocrite indeed!

3. figurative. A thing which or person who is related to, connected with, or analogous to another, on account of similarities of nature, attributes, etc.; a relative, a connection.In some early quots. (in predicative use, without article and with to) passing into adjectival use; cf. sense B.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > [noun] > that which is related or has affinity

brotherOE

cousina1398

relativea1475

sistera1500

cousin-germanc1547

yokefellow1547

ally1566

affinitive1579

twin1592

conjugate1605

sympathizant1620

relatist1640

first cousin1670

family likeness1759

family resemblance1785

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vii. xlix. 402 Þis passioun haþ a cosyne [L. cognata] þat hatte yliaca passio.

c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 742 The wordes mote be cosyn to the dede.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 3958 (MED) Thei [sc. tyrants] been..verray cosyns..Vnto the woode Furies.

?1548 J. Bale Comedy Thre Lawes Nature ii. sig. Aviij Now wyll I proue ye a lyar, Next cosyne to a fryar.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 385 The euill habit of the body, is next cosin to the dropsie.

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues III. 380 The Sophist is the cousin of the parasite and flatterer.

1960 A. H. Benade Horns, Strings, & Harmony vi. 140 We shall meet a very important and useful cousin of this wolf-note phenomenon when we learn about the ‘privileged notes’ of a trumpet.

2005 N.Y. Times 12 Apr. d1/2 The air bags consisted of four layers of Vectran, a high-strength fiber that is a cousin to Kevlar that becomes stronger at colder temperatures.

†4. Chiefly Law. One's next of kin; a person to whom one is next of kin. Obsolete.In quot. c1425 applied to Julius Caesar by the legendary Roman emperor Lucius, who claims to be his legal heir.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] > close relative > next of kin

next friendeOE

cousinc1425

next (nearest) of kin1548

c1425 (?a1400) Arthur (Longleat 55) l. 215 Oure cosyn Iulius cesar Somme tyme conquered þar.

1504 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1504 §32. m. 24 Robert Brews, squyer, cosyn and heire unto Sir Gilbert Debenham..that is to say, sone of Elizabeth Brews, sister to the seid Sir Gilbert.

1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. i Euery one that is his nexte cosyn collaterall of the hole blode.

1642 tr. J. Perkins Profitable Bk. viii. §506. 222 One P.D. and A. his wife enter into the same land as in the right of A. his wife as coosen and heire to the donor.

†5.

a. Probably: a mistress. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > illicit intimacy > person > a mistress

chevesea700

wifeOE

bed-sister1297

concubine1297

leman1297

file1303

speciala1400

womanc1400

chamberer?a1425

mistress?a1439

cousin1470

doxy?1515

doll1560

pinnacea1568

nobsya1575

lier-by1583

sweetheart1589

she-friend1600

miss1606

underput1607

concupy1609

lig-by1610

factoress1611

leveret1617

night-piece1621

belly-piece1632

dolly1648

lie-bya1656

madamc1660

small girl1671

natural1674

convenient1676

lady of the lake1678

pure1688

tackle1688

sultana1703

kind girl1712

bosom-slave1728

pop1785

chère amie1792

fancy-woman1819

hetaera1820

fancy-piece1821

poplolly1821

secondary wife1847

other woman1855

fancy-girl1892

querida1902

wifelet1983

1470 in Trans. Bristol & Gloucs. Archeol. Soc. (1900) 23 206 (MED) [Sir Harry Percy took as his second wife Constance], bedfelow and cosyn to Maister Robert Wayville, bisshop of Salisbury.

b. cant. An illicit female sexual partner; spec. a prostitute. Cf. aunt n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > sexual indulgence > unchaste behaviour of woman > unchaste or loose woman

queanOE

whorec1175

malkinc1275

wenchelc1300

ribalda1350

strumpeta1350

wench1362

filtha1375

parnelc1390

sinner14..

callet1415

slut?c1425

tickle-tailc1430

harlot?a1475

mignote1489

kittock?a1500

mulea1513

trulla1516

trully?1515

danta1529

miswoman1528

stewed whore1532

Tib1533

unchaghe1534

flag1535

Katy1535

jillet1541

yaud1545

housewife1546

trinkletc1550

whippet1550

Canace1551

filthy1553

Jezebel1558

kittyc1560

loonc1560

laced mutton1563

nymph1563

limmer1566

tomboy1566

Marian1567

mort1567

cockatrice1568

franion1571

blowze1573

rannell1573

rig1575

Kita1577

poplet1577

light-skirts1578

pucelle1578

harlotry1584

light o' lovea1586

driggle-draggle1588

wagtail1592

tub-tail1595

flirt-gill1597

minx1598

hilding1599

short-heels1599

bona-roba1600

flirt1600

Hiren1600

light-heels1602

roba1602

baggage1603

cousin1604

fricatrice1607

rumbelow1611

amorosa1615

jaya1616

open-taila1618

succubus1622

snaphancea1625

flap1631

buttered bun1638

puffkin1639

vizard1652

fallen woman1659

tomrigg1662

cunt1663

quaedama1670

jilt1672

crack1677

grass-girl1691

sporting girl1694

sportswoman1705

mobbed hood1707

brim1736

trollop1742

trub1746

demi-rep1749

gillyflower1757

lady of easy virtue1766

mot1773

chicken1782

gammerstang1788

buer1807

scarlet woman1816

blowen1819

fie-fie1820

shickster?1834

streel1842

charver1846

trolly1854

bad girl1855

amateur1862

anonyma1862

demi-virgin1864

pickup1871

chippy1885

wish-wife1886

tart1887

tartleta1890

flossy1893

fly girl1893

demi-mondaine1894

floozy1899

slattern1899

scrub1900

demi-vierge1908

cake1909

coozie1912

muff1914

tarty1918

yes-girl1920

radge1923

bike1945

puta1948

messer1951

cooze1955

jamette1965

skeezer1986

slutbag1987

chickenhead1988

ho1988

1604 T. Dekker & T. Middleton Honest Whore sig. B Call me your love, your yngle, your coosen, or so; but sister at no hand.

1673 R. Head Canting Acad. 98 He is a Protector to all distressed Damsels called in our Vulgar Tongue Common Whores, and..calleth them Cozens.

1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew One of my Cosens, a Wench.

c. A seducer, a womanizer. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > sexual indulgence > womanizing or associating with loose women > one who

horlinga1200

holourc1230

whore-mana1325

putourc1390

putroura1425

whoremastera1425

whoremonger?a1472

putyer1477

whoredomerc1485

holarda1500

whore-keeper1530

mutton-monger1532

smell-smock?1545

stallion1553

woman-louper1568

limb-lifter1579

Lusty Laurence1582

punker1582

wencher1593

womanist1608

belly-bumper1611

sheep-biter1611

stringer1613

fleshmongera1616

hunt-smock1624

whorer1624

womanizer1626

woman errant1628

mongera1637

linen-lifter1652

whorster1654

whorehopper1664

cousin1694

smocker1708

mutton-master1729

woman dangler1850

masher1872

chippy chaser1887

chaser1894

stud1895

molrower1896

skirt-chaser1942

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > seduction > seducer

seducera1616

woman-killer1654

cousin1694

betrayer1766

ladykiller1769

Lovelace1773

Don Juan1847

wolf1847

Casanova1928

homme fatal1935

1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 5th Bk. Wks. 237 Wenchers, Leachers, Shakers, Smockers, Cousins, Cullies, Stallions and Bellibumpers.

†6. cant. The victim of a swindler; a dupe. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > [noun] > gullible person, dupe

foola1382

woodcockc1430

geckc1530

cousinc1555

cokes1567

milch cow1582

gudgeon1584

coney1591

martin1591

gull1594

plover1599

rook1600

gull-finch1604

cheatee1615

goata1616

whirligig1624

chouse1649

coll1657

cully1664

bubble1668

lamb1668

Simple Simon?1673

mouth1680

dupe1681

cull1698

bub1699

game1699

muggins1705

colour1707

milk cow1727

flat1762

gulpin1802

slob1810

gaggee1819

sucker1838

hoaxee1840

softie1850

foozle1860

lemon1863

juggins1882

yob1886

patsy1889

yapc1894

fall guy1895

fruit1895

meemaw1895

easy mark1896

lobster1896

mark1896

wise guy1896

come-on1897

pushover1907

John1908

schnookle1908

Gretchen1913

jug1914

schnook1920

soft touch1924

prospect1931

steamer1932

punter1934

dill1941

Joe Soap1943

possum1945

Moreton Bay1953

easy touch1959

c1555 Manifest Detection Diceplay sig. C.iii Bee they young be they old, that fauleth into our laps, & be ignorant of our arte, we call them all by the name of a cosin, as men that wee make as much of, as if they were of our kinne.

1608 T. Dekker Belman of London sig. F^v The Barnard..shifts himselfe into so many shapes, only to blind, the Cozen, and to feede him with more delight, the more easily to beguile him.

a. Usually in plural. A person whose nationality or ethnicity is perceived as having a quasi-familial relationship with one's own.In quot. 1816 in figurative context.

ΚΠ

1816 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 14 June A dispute arose from some pressing invitations being given to her American cousins to accompany Admiral John Bull in some of his expeditions.

1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville II. 252 He had received such good accounts from the Upper Nez Percés of their cousins, the Lower Nez Percés.

1919 M. Beerbohm Seven Men 147 A few weeks later the Anglo-Indians weigh in. In due course we have the help of our Australian cousins.

1989 R. MacNeil Wordstruck iii. 73 Words that come down to us from the Anglo-Saxons and their Viking cousins.

2004 Shooting Sports Oct. 45/2 Fanny Pack is the term our American cousins use to refer to our more basic Bum Bag.

b. British slang. In plural, usually with the and capital initial. In espionage: (a nickname for) the Central Intelligence Agency, the CIA.Popularized by ‘John le Carré’ (see quot. 1977).

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > political police > [noun] > secret service or police > specific American

C.I.A.1951

company1953

agency1958

cousin1977

1977 ‘J. le Carré’ Honourable Schoolboy i. i. 4 These pros..saw the shotgun marriage with the Cousins as just another skillful bit of tradecraft in a long and delicate poker game.

1996 M. Urban UK Eyes Alpha (1997) xiv. 187 Their survival was possible because of the way SIS sanitized the CX reports it passed to ‘the cousins’.

2005 P. R. Keefe Chatter i. 17 For men intrigued by the intellectual aspect of cryptography, it must have been refreshing to talk openly about the subject and learn what ‘the cousins’ on the other side of the Atlantic had been working on.

B. adj. (attributive).

Related, kindred, affiliated.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [adjective]

sibeOE

ysibbeOE

belengc1175

sibc1175

kinda1325

by-sybbec1440

evenkinc1450

of kin1486

sibbeda1500

akinc1515

kindred1530

allied1577

affined1586

cousin1590

kin1600

related1650

cognate1827

our1836

affinitative1855

relatival1899

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [adjective] > closely

nareOE

nighOE

neara1375

necessarya1382

germanea1449

native1488

near of kin1491

tender1508

near akinc1515

cousin1590

affine1614

own1671

tight-knit1832

the world > relative properties > relationship > [adjective] > related or connected > closely related

speciala1398

sib?1507

affined1586

cousin1590

affine1614

incorporatea1616

vehementa1626

intimate1692

affinitive1745

affiliate1800

affinal1834

proximate1985

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. iv. sig. Ff Her former sorrow into suddein wrath, Both coosen passions of distroubled spright, Conuerting.

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 138 All the Campe with head-les dead is sowne, Cut-off by Cozen-swords, killd by their owne.

1852 H. Rogers Ess. I. vii. 407 A family resemblance to his cousin brutes.

2012 R. Hetherington Living in Dangerous Climate iii. 40 It is hard to imagine why humans would choose to decimate..a cousin species with which we shared so many characteristics.

Phrases

P1.

a. to call the king one's cousin and variants: to acknowledge or claim the king as a relative; to act or behave as though one has royal blood. Frequently in negative contexts, with implication of (excessive) pride or self-regard.With quot. c1390, cf. later kissing cousin n. at kissing adj. Compounds.

ΚΠ

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. l. 102 A Mayden ful gent; Heo mihte Cusse þe kyng for Cosyn ȝif heo schulde.

1720 Anti-Priapeia 23 You have got such Wealth by Bussing, You need not call the King your Cousin.

1836 F. Marryat Three Cutters ii, in Pirate & Three Cutters 252 I only wish I had..I wouldn't call the king my Cousin.

1995 R. Pilcher Coming Home (1996) 165 Lovely, you look. As though you wouldn't call the King your cousin.

2004 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 24 Sept. 10 After a day's shearing a man can look a bit buggered, but after a shower, a beer and a feed you wouldn't call the king your cousin.

b. to call cousins: see call v. Phrases 2b.

P2. Postmodified by removed (removed adj. 2a), in phrases expressing one's relationship with a cousin who is descended from a common ancestor by a different number of degrees of descent from oneself. Frequently with preceding ordinal number (as first, second, etc.), expressing the degree of the collateral relationship from which one's cousin is removed: see sense A. 1c.

a. cousin removed: a cousin who is descended from a common ancestor by one degree more or less than oneself, such as a child of one's first cousin, or a first cousin of one's mother or father; = cousin once removed at Phrases 2b.Recorded earliest in cousin-german removed: see cousin-german n. Phrases.

ΚΠ

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxviii. f. cxxxvii^v Seynt Edwarde and this duke Wyllyam were by the Fathers syde cosen Iarmaynes Remoued.

1609 T. Pickering tr. W. Perkins Christian Oeconomie v. 47 Neither is the text to be vnderstood of cousins remoued only,..but also of the next of the kindred by blood.

1853 Fraser's Mag. Sept. 330/1 I am a first cousin removed..to a marchioness.

1942 South-Western News (Busselton, W. Austral.) 17 Sept. The Assistant Registrar..is also a first cousin removed of the late Sir Robert Symmons Clifton.

2013 Western Morning News (Plymouth) (Nexis) 15 May 14 Aunt Sophie, another aunt who was really a cousin removed.

b. cousin once removed: a cousin who is descended from a common ancestor by one degree more or less than oneself, such as a child of one's first cousin, or a first cousin of either of one's parents; cf. once removed at once adv. 7. Similarly cousin twice (or three times, etc.) removed: a cousin who is descended from a common ancestor by two (or three, etc.) degrees more or less than oneself, such as a grandchild (or great-grandchild, etc.) of one's first cousin, or a first cousin of any of one's grandparents (or great-grandparents, etc.).Recorded earliest in cousin-german once removed: see cousin-german n. Phrases.first cousin once removed: see first cousin n. Phrases.

ΚΠ

1612 E. Grimeston tr. L. T. de Mayerne Gen. Hist. Spaine xx. 752 Both King Henries Queenes were his cousin germaines once remoued.

1781 C. Johnstone Hist. John Juniper I. ii. iii. 74 Mr. Juniper married the third cousin, twice removed, of a Welsh Baronet.

1849 Literary Amer. 14 July 26/2 You ought to condole me for my bereavement, having lost a cousin three times removed.

1950 Manch. Guardian 10 Feb. 4/2 An indomitable woman who was a cousin once removed of Buffalo Bill.

2015 Cockney Ancestor Spring 16 It turned out they were most likely second cousins once removed.

†P3. to have no cousin: to have no equal, to be peerless. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1542 N. Udall in tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes ii. f. 220^v If he had had the feacte to hold and kepe an empier, as well as he could achiue and wynne it, he had had no cousyn.

?1544 J. Heywood Foure PP sig. C.i Lo here be pardons halfe a dosyn For gostely ryches they haue no cosyn.

†P4. to make a cousin of: to deceive, mislead, or dupe (a person). Cf. sense A. 6. Obsolete.In quots. probably punning on sense A. 1b. [Apparently connected with cozen v., either as the phrase from which that verb arose, or as a play on the two words. For the latter, compare also the following:

1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood vii. sig. F2 And while his eares with brothers tearmes he feedes He prooueth but a Coosen in his deedes.

]

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > cheat, swindle [phrase]

to pull a finchc1386

to wipe a person's nosea1475

to take (a person) at advantage(s)1523

to play fast and loose1557

to play false1576

to joint a person's nose of?1577

to make a cousin of1580

to sell smoke1589

munge1660

to sell (a person) a packet1886

to beat the count1897

to sell (a person) a pup1901

to hand (someone) a lemon1906

to sell (someone) a bill of goods1927

1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 6 Cassander..determined with himselfe to make a Cosin of his young Nephew [apparently, by keeping him in the dark as to facts], vntil he had bought witte with the price of woe.

1655 T. Fuller Hist. Univ. Cambr. v. 78 in Church-hist. Brit. The said Sr. Henry Savill..at an Oxford Act..in meer merriment, (to try whether he could make Cousens of his Aunts Children herein) devised the story, far from any..mischievous intent to deceive posterity, but onely for present delight.

†P5. English regional (Suffolk). cousin kiss-them-all: a person who persuades or cajoles others by means of attentiveness or flattery; a sweet-talker. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1893 N.E.D. at Cousin Cousin kiss-them-all: a colloquialism for ‘wheedler’ (Suffolk).

Compounds

† Cousin Betty n. Obsolete slang (a) a female beggar claiming or feigning insanity in order to obtain money; (later) a woman who is simple-minded or mentally incapable; (b) an itinerant prostitute (cf. sense A. 5b).Quot. 1749 may indicate some overlap between the two senses in early use.

ΚΠ

1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Sept. xvii. 105 They tenaciously keeping dunning or worrying you till they obtain a copper Guinea for Cousin Betty, as they call it.

1749 Apol. Life Bampfylde-Moore Carew 86 One of the Sisters of that Order of Mendicants commonly called Cousin Betties.

?1760 Apol. Life Mr. Bampfylde-Moore Carew (ed. 6) 260 A gay Batchelor, who..was a great Admirer of that Order of Female Travellers called Cousin Betties.

1863 E. C. Gaskell Sylvia's Lovers I. xiv. 304 I dunnot think there's a man living..as can say Fosters wronged him of a penny, or gave short measure to a child or a Cousin Betty.

cousin brother n. (a) South Asian a male cousin of one's own generation; (b) Australian (in Australian Aboriginal usage) a closely related male relative of one's own generation.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] > close relative

nigha1382

necessaryc1384

bloodc1400

germane1490

prochain?1529

cousin brother1847

cousin sister1881

1847 Bombay Times 18 Dec. 995/1 His father..was succeeded by his cousin brother at the nomination of the old banker himself.

1893 Rep. 4th Meeting Australasian Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 676 A man calls..the sons of his brother or cousin-brother..his sons.

1996 D. Pilkington Rabbit-proof Fence (2002) vii. 66 ‘That's my cousin-brother Bill,’ she explained. ‘Our mothers are sisters.’ The girls from Jigalong understood.

2017 Messenger (Pakistan) (Nexis) 27 Feb. Once married, a bride's cousin brothers..may well understand and accept a new marital situation.

Cousin Jack n. colloquial a Cornishman; a man of Cornish descent; cf. sense A. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > British nation > English nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of England > south of England > Devon or Cornwall

gubbinsa1661

Cousin Jan1853

Cousin Jacky1854

Cousin Jack1857

Devonian1882

1857 Star (Ballarat, Victoria) 19 Mar. They were ‘Tips’, and ‘Geordies’, and ‘Cousin Jacks’, altogether.

a1928 W. D. Haywood Bill Haywood's Bk. (1929) iv. 58 Leasing was abolished and the Cousin Jacks lost their tributes.

2011 @camelvalleybob in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) 7 Feb. For the Cornish maid and the Cousin Jack for Valentines.

† Cousin Jacky n. Obsolete colloquial a Cornishman; = Cousin Jack n.

ΚΠ

1854 S. Austral. Reg. (Adelaide) 2 June John O'Connell then said to him, ‘You're a b——, Cousin Jacky, an't you?’

1880 E. Cornwall Words 71 To imitate the talk of Cousin Jacky from Redruth or St. Just.

† Cousin Jan n. Obsolete colloquial a Cornishman; = Cousin Jack n.

ΚΠ

1853 Royal Cornwall Gaz. 15 Apr. 4/5 (advt.) The humorous adventures of Cousin Jan and his friend Cap'n Polglase, who went to London to dispose of their shares.

1884 Cornishman 24 Apr. 7/1 (heading) From ‘Cousin Jan’ to the Hedditur of ‘The Kornishman’.

Cousin Jenny n. colloquial a Cornishwoman; a woman of Cornish descent; cf. Cousin Jack n.

ΚΠ

1868 Queenslander 25 July 7/4 Cousin Jacks and Cousin Jennies (a nick-name given to miners and their wives coming from the Burra Burra mine, being mostly Cornish).

1925 Amer. Mercury Oct. 194/1 The perpetual rubbing of shoulders with Harps, Hunks,..Cousin Jacks and Cousin Jennies.

2016 @Rockshot_Joelle 25 Sept. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Program coordinator Sandy Weitzel was honored as Cousin Jenny of the Year yesterday! Congrats!

cousin sister n. (a) South Asian a female cousin of one's own generation; (b) Australian (in Australian Aboriginal usage) a closely related female relative of one's own generation.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] > close relative

nigha1382

necessaryc1384

bloodc1400

germane1490

prochain?1529

cousin brother1847

cousin sister1881

1881 Times of India 19 Mar. 3/3 As amongst the Europeans, Parsees and Mahomedans, a cousin-sister marries with a cousin-brother, why should an atonement of any kind..have been made necessary by the Hindu-religion?

1893 Rep. 4th Meeting Australasian Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 677 A man calls..the sons of his wife's sister or cousin-sister..his sons.

1996 D. Pilkington Rabbit-proof Fence (2002) v. 35 I don't want Maudie as my wife. I want her cousin sister.

2014 A. K. Sarkar Rainbow viii. 91 We were..taken to a room..to spend our night amongst three to four kids and with two younger cousin sisters of my wife.

† Cousin Tom n. Obsolete slang a male beggar claiming or feigning insanity in order to obtain money; (later) a man who is simple-minded or mentally incapable; cf. Tom o' Bedlam n. at Tom n.¹ Compounds 1b(b).

ΚΠ

1740 J. Ralph in Champion 7 June (1741) II. 309 There hath been formerly some very remarkable silly Fellow of this Appellation [sc. Thomas], whence this Name is transmitted to Posterity with no great Honour. Witness Tom Fool, Tom Dingle, Cousin Tom, Silly Tom.

1846 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words I. 274/2 Cousin Betty, or Cousin Tom, a bedlamite beggar; now applied to a mad woman or man.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cousin
释义	cousinn.adj. Brit. /ˈkʌzn/, U.S. /ˈkəzn/ Forms: α. Middle English coseyn, Middle English cosigne, Middle English cossigne, Middle English cossyn, Middle English cossyne, Middle English cosynne, Middle English cozyn, Middle English cussyn, Middle English cusyn, Middle English kosen, Middle English kosin, Middle English kosnis (plural), Middle English kosyn, Middle English–1500s coosyn, Middle English–1600s cosin, Middle English–1600s cosine, Middle English–1600s cossen, Middle English–1600s cossin, Middle English–1600s cosyn, Middle English–1600s cosyne, Middle English–1600s cousine, Middle English–1600s cousyn, Middle English–1700s cosen, Middle English– cousin, 1500s coessen, 1500s cosinne, 1500s cossein, 1500s cossine, 1500s cosygnes (plural), 1500s–1600s coosen, 1500s–1600s coosin, 1500s–1600s coozin, 1500s–1600s coussin, 1500s–1600s cozin, 1500s–1600s (1800s nonstandard) cussin, 1500s–1700s cousen, 1500s–1700s coussen, 1500s–1700s couzen, 1500s–1700s cozen, 1500s–1700s cusin, 1600s coson, 1600s couson, 1600s–1700s cuzen, 1700s couzin, 1700s cusson; also Scottish pre-1700 coasen, pre-1700 coson, pre-1700 cousune, pre-1700 cowsein, pre-1700 cowsen, pre-1700 cussain, pre-1700 cwsine, 1700s cussen, 1800s cusine; Irish English (Wexford) 1800s cozeen; U.S. regional 1800s– cousint, 1900s– cud'n, 1900s– cudn, 1900s– kuzzint; N.E.D. (1893) also records the forms Middle English coosen, Middle English coosin, Middle English cosinne, Middle English cusin, Middle English kussin. β. Middle English cosing, Middle English cosyng, 1500s cousyng, 1600s cussing; Scottish pre-1700 cooseing, pre-1700 coosigne, pre-1700 coosing, pre-1700 coossinge, pre-1700 cosyng, pre-1700 couising, pre-1700 counsing, pre-1700 couseing, pre-1700 couseing, pre-1700 cousigne, pre-1700 cousignne, pre-1700 cousing, pre-1700 cousingne, pre-1700 coussinge, pre-1700 cousyng, pre-1700 covsing, pre-1700 cowseng, pre-1700 cowsing, pre-1700 cowsyng, pre-1700 cuising, pre-1700 cuissing, pre-1700 cuseing, pre-1700 cusigne, pre-1700 cusignne, pre-1700 cusing, pre-1700 cusinge, pre-1700 cussing, pre-1700 cusyng, pre-1700 cusynge, pre-1700 cvsing, pre-1700 cwsigne, pre-1700 cwsing, pre-1700 cwsyng; N.E.D. (1893) also records a form late Middle English cousyng; N.E.D. (1902) also records a form quesing. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French cousin; French cousine. Etymology: Partly (denoting a male) < Anglo-Norman cosen, cosigne, cosine, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French cousin, cosin, cusin (French cousin ) any collateral male relative more distant than a brother (c1100; 15th cent. or earlier as a form of address used by monarchs to male nobles or monarchs), ultimately < classical Latin consobrīnus cousin on the mother's side, cousin in general, relation < con- con- prefix + sobrīnus cousin on the mother's side < an unattested derivative < the Indo-European base of classical Latin soror ( < the same Indo-European base as sister n.) + the Indo-European base of classical Latin -īnus -ine suffix¹; and partly (denoting a female) < Old French cosine, Anglo-Norman and Middle French cousine, cusine (French cousine) any collateral female relative more distant than a sister (12th cent.; 15th cent. or earlier as a form of address used by monarchs to female nobles or monarchs), feminine form corresponding to cousin.Compare post-classical Latin cossofrenus and cosina , feminine (both 8th cent.), and also Old Occitan cosi , cosin , cozin , Catalan cosí (11th cent.), Italian cugino (a1313). Compare also Romansh cusrin , cusdrin , which retains the r of its Latin etymon. Specific forms. The β. forms show reverse spellings reflecting regular Older Scots variation between -n and -ng (typically with -ing suffix¹; perhaps compare -ing suffix³). Specific senses. In the medieval period Anglo-Norman cosin and Middle English cosin are sometimes used to translate use as noun of classical Latin consanguineus (see consanguineous adj.), usually with reference to more distant relationship (compare discussion at sense A. 1a and also sense A. 4). With senses A. 5a and A. 5b compare Middle French cousine priest's concubine (early 14th cent.), prostitute (15th cent.). The development of sense A. 6 is unclear; perhaps compare cozen v. Earlier attestation as surname. Attested earlier as a surname, e.g. Randulfus Cusin (1160), Fulko Cusin (1184), Willelmus Cosin (1212), although such uses probably reflect currency of the Anglo-Norman rather than the Middle English word. A. n. 1. a. Any collateral relative more distant than a brother or sister; a (distant) relation. Now frequently with modifier, as distant, remote.Formerly frequently applied to a nephew or niece (e.g. in quots. c1330, 1600, 1747), but now always denoting a relative at least as distant as a first cousin: see senses A. 1b, A. 1c.In early use occasionally also applied to a grandchild or more distant lineal relative (e.g. in quot. a1382; cf. quot. ?a1439 at sense A. 2a). Cf. sense A. 4.kissing cousin, Scotch cousin: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] gadlingeOE sibmanOE friendOE sibOE siblingOE kinsmanc1175 friendmana1200 kinc1200 cousinc1300 allyc1380 kindreda1450 parent?c1450 alliancec1475 lyance1502 relation1502 relate1651 relative1657 relator1665 family member1673 correlative1697 relater1702 rellie1921 rello1982 c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) l. 1444 Arnoldin..was Aþulfes cosin. c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) l. 2578 Men tolde, þe bischop was is em... Þe beschop..seide: ‘Wolkome, leue cosin!’ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xlv. 16 Only alone the sonus of hym, and the cosynes [a1425 L.V. sones sones; L. nepotes] of hym, bi alle tyme. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 4703 Þi sister sonne am I, þou eam & I cosyn. ?1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton i. sig. aiiij There be thre manere of cosyns. The fyrst is spirituel as ben godfaders and godmoders. a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 261 A! lorde god..have mercy of my swete sone, husbonde, & cosyn..that he may be clene of his synnys. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. xvi. 7 Salute Andronicus, and Junia my cosyns [1611 kinsmen]. 1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. x Si parentes inter se lamentantur, whiche is as moche to say, y^t if the cosyns of suche a chylde haue cause to make lamentacyon. 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing i. ii. 1 How now brother, where is my cosen your sonne. View more context for this quotation 1668 Mrs. Evelyn To her Brother-in-law in J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) IV. 13 Though your eye be continually over my cousin your son. 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. vi. 36 Cousin Harlowe, said my aunt Hervey, allow me to say. 1826 M. R. Mitford Our Village II. 244 The house and park..were entailed on a distant cousin. 1954 London Mag. Oct. 31 An old Mrs Thorogood who, it appeared, was some kind of cousin. 2012 N. N. Taleb Antifragile i. iv. 78 It was common in, say, rural France for someone to spend all his savings to erase the debts of a remote cousin. b. spec. A child of the brother or sister of either of one's parents; a person with whom one has one or more (typically two) grandparents in common; = first cousin n. 1. Cf. full cousin n. at full adj., n.², and adv. Compounds 1b, own cousin n. at own adj. 2a, cousin-german n. 1.Now the usual sense when used without qualification. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > cousin > [noun] gadlingeOE cousinc1300 cousin-germanc1380 coz1563 coz-german1635 c1300 St. James Less (Laud) l. 24 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 365 Þe eldeste soster of alle þreo..bar ore louerd..And þe midleste hadde tweie sones..huy weren ore louerdes cosines. a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 86 Joon Evangelist..Crist was his cosyn, and Cristis modir was his aunte. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II i. iv. 1–10 Coosen Aumarle, How far brought you high Hereford on his way?.. What said our cousin when you parted with him? 1660 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. III. 120 The Children of Uncles, or of Cosens. 1788 H. Walpole Reminiscences (1924) ii. 16 George the first, while electoral prince, had married his cousin. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 8 He is my cousin, and the son of my uncle Glaucon. 1961 ABA Jrnl. Aug. 800/1 As many as fifty aunts, uncles and cousins might gather at the grandpaternal house to settle the family problems. 2015 B. Harden Great Leader & Fighter Pilot x. 159 He had received a letter from his fourteen-year-old cousin. c. With preceding ordinal number (as first, second, etc.), expressing the degree of relationship between one and a collateral relative who is descended from a common ancestor by the same number of generations as oneself. Cf. first cousin n. 1, second cousin n. at second adj. and n.² Compounds 1, third cousin n. at third adj. and n. Compounds 1.One's first cousin (the child of a brother or sister of either of one's parents) shares one or more grandparents with oneself; one's second cousin (the child of a first cousin of either of one's parents) shares one or more great-grandparents with oneself; one's third cousin shares one or more great-great-grandparents with oneself; and so on.second cousin is sometimes used loosely to denote a child of one's first cousin. Descent from the common ancestor by a different number of generations from oneself is now usually denoted by the postmodifier (once, twice, etc.) removed: see Phrases 2. ΚΠ 1577 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Chron. 381 Ther was in those daies..two young priestes first cousins: one of whiche was named Heliogabalus, and the other Alexius. 1660 Bp. J. Taylor Ductor Dubitantium I. ii. ii. 318 I never knew the marriage of second cosens forbidden, but by them who at the same time forbad the marriage of the first. 1753 Extracts Trial J. Stewart in Scots Mag. Sept. 446/1 The deponent is first cousin to the pannel. 1834 H. Martineau Farrers of Budge-Row iii. 43 Morgan believed herself to be the fiftieth cousin of the family. 1968 Brit. Jrnl. Plastic Surg. 21 411 The parents are third cousins—their great-grandmothers were sisters. 2005 J. McGahern Memoir 122 I had a wonderful day with my first cousins, exploring the shores of the lake. 2. As a form of address. a. Expressing familiarity, affection, or friendship. Also (frequently with capital initial) as a title preceding a first name. Cf. coz n. 1a.Sometimes used of a person to whom the speaker is not related (cf. coz n. 1b). This usage was particularly associated with Cornwall in the 19th cent; cf. quot. 1880, and Cousin Jack n., Cousin Jacky n., Cousin Jan n., Cousin Jenny n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > [noun] > friend > as form of address cousinc1330 neighboura1500 man?a1513 a chara1829 digger1915 boet1920 c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) l. 2578 Men tolde, þe bischop was is em... Þe beschop..seide: ‘Wolkome, leue cosin!’ c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 376 O deere cosyn Palamon, quod he Thyn is the victorie of this auenture. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. l. 484 Our fadir Adam..saide ‘Cosyn Bochas’. 1615 R. A. Valiant Welshman i. iii. sig. B3 Cousin Caradoc, well, in all these pribble prabbles, how dooth our vncle Cadallan? 1714 C. Johnson Country Lasses i. i Cousin, thou art a very wild fop. 1822 M. Arden Diary in National Mag. (1856) Nov. 54/1 It will be hard work to get through the three months to Cousin Maria's wedding. 1880 M. A. Courtney W. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall 14/2 Cousin, a familiar epithet. All Cornish gentlemen are cousins. 1941 C. Brackett & B. Wilder Ball of Fire (film script) 75-A Say, what's buzzin' cousin! 2003 D. Gaines Misfit's Manifesto xvi. 373 I picked up a silver toe ring for Cousin Doris. b. Used by a monarch in formally addressing another monarch, or a noble of his or her own country.In the United Kingdom applied in royal writs and commissions to viscounts and peers of higher rank. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > titles applied to royalty > by or for each other brother1418 cousinc1418 c1418 King Henry V Let. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. I. i. 1 With my cosin of Northumberlond, and my cosin of Westmerland. 1513 King James IV Let. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. I. xxvii. 78 To the richt excellennt, richt hie, and michty Prince oure Derrest Brothir and Cousing the King of Ingland. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iii. i. 7 We meruaile much our Cosin France Would in so iust a businesse, shut his bosome Against our borrowing prayers. 1673 King Charles II in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 112 Right Trusty and Right Welbeloved Cousin & Counsellor, Wee greet you well. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 386 In all writs, and commissions..the king, when he mentions any peer of the degree of an earl, always stiles him ‘trusty and well beloved cousin’: an appellation as antient as the reign of Henry IV; who being either by his wife, his mother, or his sisters actually related or allied to every earl in the kingdom, artfully..acknowledged that connexion in all his letters. 1850 Royal Comm. Great Exhib. in London Gaz. 4 Jan. Victoria, by the grace of God..to..Our right trusty and right entirely-beloved Cousin and Councillor Walter Francis Duke of Buccleuch and Queensbury. 1913 T. B. Batcheller Royal Spain of Today 435 The King's address to a grandee of his realm was always ‘mi primo’ or ‘my cousin’. 2011 London Gaz. 1 Apr. 6177/2 Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Our Other Realms and Territories Queen,..to Our Right Trusty and Right Entirely Beloved Cousin Edward William, Duke of Norfolk,..Greeting! †c. In phrases expressing contempt or disparagement, as my dirty cousin, my cousin the weaver. Obsolete (archaic in later use). ΚΠ 1655 Gossips Braule 6 Marry foh, come up my durty Cosin; your Husband saies you are a Jade. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. iv. xiv. 103 Marry, come up! I assure you, my dirty Cousin! thof his Skin be so white..I am a Christian as well as he. View more context for this quotation 1825 W. Scott Betrothed ix, in Tales Crusaders I. 174 Marry quep, my cousin the weaver. 1846 Morris's National Press (N.Y.) 21 Mar. Marry, come up, my dirty cousin. Hypocrite indeed! 3. figurative. A thing which or person who is related to, connected with, or analogous to another, on account of similarities of nature, attributes, etc.; a relative, a connection.In some early quots. (in predicative use, without article and with to) passing into adjectival use; cf. sense B. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > [noun] > that which is related or has affinity brotherOE cousina1398 relativea1475 sistera1500 cousin-germanc1547 yokefellow1547 ally1566 affinitive1579 twin1592 conjugate1605 sympathizant1620 relatist1640 first cousin1670 family likeness1759 family resemblance1785 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vii. xlix. 402 Þis passioun haþ a cosyne [L. cognata] þat hatte yliaca passio. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 742 The wordes mote be cosyn to the dede. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 3958 (MED) Thei [sc. tyrants] been..verray cosyns..Vnto the woode Furies. ?1548 J. Bale Comedy Thre Lawes Nature ii. sig. Aviij Now wyll I proue ye a lyar, Next cosyne to a fryar. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 385 The euill habit of the body, is next cosin to the dropsie. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues III. 380 The Sophist is the cousin of the parasite and flatterer. 1960 A. H. Benade Horns, Strings, & Harmony vi. 140 We shall meet a very important and useful cousin of this wolf-note phenomenon when we learn about the ‘privileged notes’ of a trumpet. 2005 N.Y. Times 12 Apr. d1/2 The air bags consisted of four layers of Vectran, a high-strength fiber that is a cousin to Kevlar that becomes stronger at colder temperatures. †4. Chiefly Law. One's next of kin; a person to whom one is next of kin. Obsolete.In quot. c1425 applied to Julius Caesar by the legendary Roman emperor Lucius, who claims to be his legal heir. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] > close relative > next of kin next friendeOE cousinc1425 next (nearest) of kin1548 c1425 (?a1400) Arthur (Longleat 55) l. 215 Oure cosyn Iulius cesar Somme tyme conquered þar. 1504 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1504 §32. m. 24 Robert Brews, squyer, cosyn and heire unto Sir Gilbert Debenham..that is to say, sone of Elizabeth Brews, sister to the seid Sir Gilbert. 1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. i Euery one that is his nexte cosyn collaterall of the hole blode. 1642 tr. J. Perkins Profitable Bk. viii. §506. 222 One P.D. and A. his wife enter into the same land as in the right of A. his wife as coosen and heire to the donor. †5. a. Probably: a mistress. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > illicit intimacy > person > a mistress chevesea700 wifeOE bed-sister1297 concubine1297 leman1297 file1303 speciala1400 womanc1400 chamberer?a1425 mistress?a1439 cousin1470 doxy?1515 doll1560 pinnacea1568 nobsya1575 lier-by1583 sweetheart1589 she-friend1600 miss1606 underput1607 concupy1609 lig-by1610 factoress1611 leveret1617 night-piece1621 belly-piece1632 dolly1648 lie-bya1656 madamc1660 small girl1671 natural1674 convenient1676 lady of the lake1678 pure1688 tackle1688 sultana1703 kind girl1712 bosom-slave1728 pop1785 chère amie1792 fancy-woman1819 hetaera1820 fancy-piece1821 poplolly1821 secondary wife1847 other woman1855 fancy-girl1892 querida1902 wifelet1983 1470 in Trans. Bristol & Gloucs. Archeol. Soc. (1900) 23 206 (MED) [Sir Harry Percy took as his second wife Constance], bedfelow and cosyn to Maister Robert Wayville, bisshop of Salisbury. b. cant. An illicit female sexual partner; spec. a prostitute. Cf. aunt n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > sexual indulgence > unchaste behaviour of woman > unchaste or loose woman queanOE whorec1175 malkinc1275 wenchelc1300 ribalda1350 strumpeta1350 wench1362 filtha1375 parnelc1390 sinner14.. callet1415 slut?c1425 tickle-tailc1430 harlot?a1475 mignote1489 kittock?a1500 mulea1513 trulla1516 trully?1515 danta1529 miswoman1528 stewed whore1532 Tib1533 unchaghe1534 flag1535 Katy1535 jillet1541 yaud1545 housewife1546 trinkletc1550 whippet1550 Canace1551 filthy1553 Jezebel1558 kittyc1560 loonc1560 laced mutton1563 nymph1563 limmer1566 tomboy1566 Marian1567 mort1567 cockatrice1568 franion1571 blowze1573 rannell1573 rig1575 Kita1577 poplet1577 light-skirts1578 pucelle1578 harlotry1584 light o' lovea1586 driggle-draggle1588 wagtail1592 tub-tail1595 flirt-gill1597 minx1598 hilding1599 short-heels1599 bona-roba1600 flirt1600 Hiren1600 light-heels1602 roba1602 baggage1603 cousin1604 fricatrice1607 rumbelow1611 amorosa1615 jaya1616 open-taila1618 succubus1622 snaphancea1625 flap1631 buttered bun1638 puffkin1639 vizard1652 fallen woman1659 tomrigg1662 cunt1663 quaedama1670 jilt1672 crack1677 grass-girl1691 sporting girl1694 sportswoman1705 mobbed hood1707 brim1736 trollop1742 trub1746 demi-rep1749 gillyflower1757 lady of easy virtue1766 mot1773 chicken1782 gammerstang1788 buer1807 scarlet woman1816 blowen1819 fie-fie1820 shickster?1834 streel1842 charver1846 trolly1854 bad girl1855 amateur1862 anonyma1862 demi-virgin1864 pickup1871 chippy1885 wish-wife1886 tart1887 tartleta1890 flossy1893 fly girl1893 demi-mondaine1894 floozy1899 slattern1899 scrub1900 demi-vierge1908 cake1909 coozie1912 muff1914 tarty1918 yes-girl1920 radge1923 bike1945 puta1948 messer1951 cooze1955 jamette1965 skeezer1986 slutbag1987 chickenhead1988 ho1988 1604 T. Dekker & T. Middleton Honest Whore sig. B Call me your love, your yngle, your coosen, or so; but sister at no hand. 1673 R. Head Canting Acad. 98 He is a Protector to all distressed Damsels called in our Vulgar Tongue Common Whores, and..calleth them Cozens. 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew One of my Cosens, a Wench. c. A seducer, a womanizer. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > sexual indulgence > womanizing or associating with loose women > one who horlinga1200 holourc1230 whore-mana1325 putourc1390 putroura1425 whoremastera1425 whoremonger?a1472 putyer1477 whoredomerc1485 holarda1500 whore-keeper1530 mutton-monger1532 smell-smock?1545 stallion1553 woman-louper1568 limb-lifter1579 Lusty Laurence1582 punker1582 wencher1593 womanist1608 belly-bumper1611 sheep-biter1611 stringer1613 fleshmongera1616 hunt-smock1624 whorer1624 womanizer1626 woman errant1628 mongera1637 linen-lifter1652 whorster1654 whorehopper1664 cousin1694 smocker1708 mutton-master1729 woman dangler1850 masher1872 chippy chaser1887 chaser1894 stud1895 molrower1896 skirt-chaser1942 society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > seduction > seducer seducera1616 woman-killer1654 cousin1694 betrayer1766 ladykiller1769 Lovelace1773 Don Juan1847 wolf1847 Casanova1928 homme fatal1935 1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 5th Bk. Wks. 237 Wenchers, Leachers, Shakers, Smockers, Cousins, Cullies, Stallions and Bellibumpers. †6. cant. The victim of a swindler; a dupe. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > [noun] > gullible person, dupe foola1382 woodcockc1430 geckc1530 cousinc1555 cokes1567 milch cow1582 gudgeon1584 coney1591 martin1591 gull1594 plover1599 rook1600 gull-finch1604 cheatee1615 goata1616 whirligig1624 chouse1649 coll1657 cully1664 bubble1668 lamb1668 Simple Simon?1673 mouth1680 dupe1681 cull1698 bub1699 game1699 muggins1705 colour1707 milk cow1727 flat1762 gulpin1802 slob1810 gaggee1819 sucker1838 hoaxee1840 softie1850 foozle1860 lemon1863 juggins1882 yob1886 patsy1889 yapc1894 fall guy1895 fruit1895 meemaw1895 easy mark1896 lobster1896 mark1896 wise guy1896 come-on1897 pushover1907 John1908 schnookle1908 Gretchen1913 jug1914 schnook1920 soft touch1924 prospect1931 steamer1932 punter1934 dill1941 Joe Soap1943 possum1945 Moreton Bay1953 easy touch1959 c1555 Manifest Detection Diceplay sig. C.iii Bee they young be they old, that fauleth into our laps, & be ignorant of our arte, we call them all by the name of a cosin, as men that wee make as much of, as if they were of our kinne. 1608 T. Dekker Belman of London sig. F^v The Barnard..shifts himselfe into so many shapes, only to blind, the Cozen, and to feede him with more delight, the more easily to beguile him. 7. a. Usually in plural. A person whose nationality or ethnicity is perceived as having a quasi-familial relationship with one's own.In quot. 1816 in figurative context. ΚΠ 1816 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 14 June A dispute arose from some pressing invitations being given to her American cousins to accompany Admiral John Bull in some of his expeditions. 1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville II. 252 He had received such good accounts from the Upper Nez Percés of their cousins, the Lower Nez Percés. 1919 M. Beerbohm Seven Men 147 A few weeks later the Anglo-Indians weigh in. In due course we have the help of our Australian cousins. 1989 R. MacNeil Wordstruck iii. 73 Words that come down to us from the Anglo-Saxons and their Viking cousins. 2004 Shooting Sports Oct. 45/2 Fanny Pack is the term our American cousins use to refer to our more basic Bum Bag. b. British slang. In plural, usually with the and capital initial. In espionage: (a nickname for) the Central Intelligence Agency, the CIA.Popularized by ‘John le Carré’ (see quot. 1977). ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > political police > [noun] > secret service or police > specific American C.I.A.1951 company1953 agency1958 cousin1977 1977 ‘J. le Carré’ Honourable Schoolboy i. i. 4 These pros..saw the shotgun marriage with the Cousins as just another skillful bit of tradecraft in a long and delicate poker game. 1996 M. Urban UK Eyes Alpha (1997) xiv. 187 Their survival was possible because of the way SIS sanitized the CX reports it passed to ‘the cousins’. 2005 P. R. Keefe Chatter i. 17 For men intrigued by the intellectual aspect of cryptography, it must have been refreshing to talk openly about the subject and learn what ‘the cousins’ on the other side of the Atlantic had been working on. B. adj. (attributive). Related, kindred, affiliated. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [adjective] sibeOE ysibbeOE belengc1175 sibc1175 kinda1325 by-sybbec1440 evenkinc1450 of kin1486 sibbeda1500 akinc1515 kindred1530 allied1577 affined1586 cousin1590 kin1600 related1650 cognate1827 our1836 affinitative1855 relatival1899 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [adjective] > closely nareOE nighOE neara1375 necessarya1382 germanea1449 native1488 near of kin1491 tender1508 near akinc1515 cousin1590 affine1614 own1671 tight-knit1832 the world > relative properties > relationship > [adjective] > related or connected > closely related speciala1398 sib?1507 affined1586 cousin1590 affine1614 incorporatea1616 vehementa1626 intimate1692 affinitive1745 affiliate1800 affinal1834 proximate1985 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. iv. sig. Ff Her former sorrow into suddein wrath, Both coosen passions of distroubled spright, Conuerting. 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 138 All the Campe with head-les dead is sowne, Cut-off by Cozen-swords, killd by their owne. 1852 H. Rogers Ess. I. vii. 407 A family resemblance to his cousin brutes. 2012 R. Hetherington Living in Dangerous Climate iii. 40 It is hard to imagine why humans would choose to decimate..a cousin species with which we shared so many characteristics. Phrases P1. a. to call the king one's cousin and variants: to acknowledge or claim the king as a relative; to act or behave as though one has royal blood. Frequently in negative contexts, with implication of (excessive) pride or self-regard.With quot. c1390, cf. later kissing cousin n. at kissing adj. Compounds. ΚΠ c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. l. 102 A Mayden ful gent; Heo mihte Cusse þe kyng for Cosyn ȝif heo schulde. 1720 Anti-Priapeia 23 You have got such Wealth by Bussing, You need not call the King your Cousin. 1836 F. Marryat Three Cutters ii, in Pirate & Three Cutters 252 I only wish I had..I wouldn't call the king my Cousin. 1995 R. Pilcher Coming Home (1996) 165 Lovely, you look. As though you wouldn't call the King your cousin. 2004 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 24 Sept. 10 After a day's shearing a man can look a bit buggered, but after a shower, a beer and a feed you wouldn't call the king your cousin. b. to call cousins: see call v. Phrases 2b. P2. Postmodified by removed (removed adj. 2a), in phrases expressing one's relationship with a cousin who is descended from a common ancestor by a different number of degrees of descent from oneself. Frequently with preceding ordinal number (as first, second, etc.), expressing the degree of the collateral relationship from which one's cousin is removed: see sense A. 1c. a. cousin removed: a cousin who is descended from a common ancestor by one degree more or less than oneself, such as a child of one's first cousin, or a first cousin of one's mother or father; = cousin once removed at Phrases 2b.Recorded earliest in cousin-german removed: see cousin-german n. Phrases. ΚΠ a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxviii. f. cxxxvii^v Seynt Edwarde and this duke Wyllyam were by the Fathers syde cosen Iarmaynes Remoued. 1609 T. Pickering tr. W. Perkins Christian Oeconomie v. 47 Neither is the text to be vnderstood of cousins remoued only,..but also of the next of the kindred by blood. 1853 Fraser's Mag. Sept. 330/1 I am a first cousin removed..to a marchioness. 1942 South-Western News (Busselton, W. Austral.) 17 Sept. The Assistant Registrar..is also a first cousin removed of the late Sir Robert Symmons Clifton. 2013 Western Morning News (Plymouth) (Nexis) 15 May 14 Aunt Sophie, another aunt who was really a cousin removed. b. cousin once removed: a cousin who is descended from a common ancestor by one degree more or less than oneself, such as a child of one's first cousin, or a first cousin of either of one's parents; cf. once removed at once adv. 7. Similarly cousin twice (or three times, etc.) removed: a cousin who is descended from a common ancestor by two (or three, etc.) degrees more or less than oneself, such as a grandchild (or great-grandchild, etc.) of one's first cousin, or a first cousin of any of one's grandparents (or great-grandparents, etc.).Recorded earliest in cousin-german once removed: see cousin-german n. Phrases.first cousin once removed: see first cousin n. Phrases. ΚΠ 1612 E. Grimeston tr. L. T. de Mayerne Gen. Hist. Spaine xx. 752 Both King Henries Queenes were his cousin germaines once remoued. 1781 C. Johnstone Hist. John Juniper I. ii. iii. 74 Mr. Juniper married the third cousin, twice removed, of a Welsh Baronet. 1849 Literary Amer. 14 July 26/2 You ought to condole me for my bereavement, having lost a cousin three times removed. 1950 Manch. Guardian 10 Feb. 4/2 An indomitable woman who was a cousin once removed of Buffalo Bill. 2015 Cockney Ancestor Spring 16 It turned out they were most likely second cousins once removed. †P3. to have no cousin: to have no equal, to be peerless. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1542 N. Udall in tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes ii. f. 220^v If he had had the feacte to hold and kepe an empier, as well as he could achiue and wynne it, he had had no cousyn. ?1544 J. Heywood Foure PP sig. C.i Lo here be pardons halfe a dosyn For gostely ryches they haue no cosyn. †P4. to make a cousin of: to deceive, mislead, or dupe (a person). Cf. sense A. 6. Obsolete.In quots. probably punning on sense A. 1b. [Apparently connected with cozen v., either as the phrase from which that verb arose, or as a play on the two words. For the latter, compare also the following: 1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood vii. sig. F2 And while his eares with brothers tearmes he feedes He prooueth but a Coosen in his deedes. ] ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > cheat, swindle [phrase] to pull a finchc1386 to wipe a person's nosea1475 to take (a person) at advantage(s)1523 to play fast and loose1557 to play false1576 to joint a person's nose of?1577 to make a cousin of1580 to sell smoke1589 munge1660 to sell (a person) a packet1886 to beat the count1897 to sell (a person) a pup1901 to hand (someone) a lemon1906 to sell (someone) a bill of goods1927 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 6 Cassander..determined with himselfe to make a Cosin of his young Nephew [apparently, by keeping him in the dark as to facts], vntil he had bought witte with the price of woe. 1655 T. Fuller Hist. Univ. Cambr. v. 78 in Church-hist. Brit. The said Sr. Henry Savill..at an Oxford Act..in meer merriment, (to try whether he could make Cousens of his Aunts Children herein) devised the story, far from any..mischievous intent to deceive posterity, but onely for present delight. †P5. English regional (Suffolk). cousin kiss-them-all: a person who persuades or cajoles others by means of attentiveness or flattery; a sweet-talker. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1893 N.E.D. at Cousin Cousin kiss-them-all: a colloquialism for ‘wheedler’ (Suffolk). Compounds † Cousin Betty n. Obsolete slang (a) a female beggar claiming or feigning insanity in order to obtain money; (later) a woman who is simple-minded or mentally incapable; (b) an itinerant prostitute (cf. sense A. 5b).Quot. 1749 may indicate some overlap between the two senses in early use. ΚΠ 1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Sept. xvii. 105 They tenaciously keeping dunning or worrying you till they obtain a copper Guinea for Cousin Betty, as they call it. 1749 Apol. Life Bampfylde-Moore Carew 86 One of the Sisters of that Order of Mendicants commonly called Cousin Betties. ?1760 Apol. Life Mr. Bampfylde-Moore Carew (ed. 6) 260 A gay Batchelor, who..was a great Admirer of that Order of Female Travellers called Cousin Betties. 1863 E. C. Gaskell Sylvia's Lovers I. xiv. 304 I dunnot think there's a man living..as can say Fosters wronged him of a penny, or gave short measure to a child or a Cousin Betty. cousin brother n. (a) South Asian a male cousin of one's own generation; (b) Australian (in Australian Aboriginal usage) a closely related male relative of one's own generation. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] > close relative nigha1382 necessaryc1384 bloodc1400 germane1490 prochain?1529 cousin brother1847 cousin sister1881 1847 Bombay Times 18 Dec. 995/1 His father..was succeeded by his cousin brother at the nomination of the old banker himself. 1893 Rep. 4th Meeting Australasian Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 676 A man calls..the sons of his brother or cousin-brother..his sons. 1996 D. Pilkington Rabbit-proof Fence (2002) vii. 66 ‘That's my cousin-brother Bill,’ she explained. ‘Our mothers are sisters.’ The girls from Jigalong understood. 2017 Messenger (Pakistan) (Nexis) 27 Feb. Once married, a bride's cousin brothers..may well understand and accept a new marital situation. Cousin Jack n. colloquial a Cornishman; a man of Cornish descent; cf. sense A. 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > British nation > English nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of England > south of England > Devon or Cornwall gubbinsa1661 Cousin Jan1853 Cousin Jacky1854 Cousin Jack1857 Devonian1882 1857 Star (Ballarat, Victoria) 19 Mar. They were ‘Tips’, and ‘Geordies’, and ‘Cousin Jacks’, altogether. a1928 W. D. Haywood Bill Haywood's Bk. (1929) iv. 58 Leasing was abolished and the Cousin Jacks lost their tributes. 2011 @camelvalleybob in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) 7 Feb. For the Cornish maid and the Cousin Jack for Valentines. † Cousin Jacky n. Obsolete colloquial a Cornishman; = Cousin Jack n. ΚΠ 1854 S. Austral. Reg. (Adelaide) 2 June John O'Connell then said to him, ‘You're a b——, Cousin Jacky, an't you?’ 1880 E. Cornwall Words 71 To imitate the talk of Cousin Jacky from Redruth or St. Just. † Cousin Jan n. Obsolete colloquial a Cornishman; = Cousin Jack n. ΚΠ 1853 Royal Cornwall Gaz. 15 Apr. 4/5 (advt.) The humorous adventures of Cousin Jan and his friend Cap'n Polglase, who went to London to dispose of their shares. 1884 Cornishman 24 Apr. 7/1 (heading) From ‘Cousin Jan’ to the Hedditur of ‘The Kornishman’. Cousin Jenny n. colloquial a Cornishwoman; a woman of Cornish descent; cf. Cousin Jack n. ΚΠ 1868 Queenslander 25 July 7/4 Cousin Jacks and Cousin Jennies (a nick-name given to miners and their wives coming from the Burra Burra mine, being mostly Cornish). 1925 Amer. Mercury Oct. 194/1 The perpetual rubbing of shoulders with Harps, Hunks,..Cousin Jacks and Cousin Jennies. 2016 @Rockshot_Joelle 25 Sept. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Program coordinator Sandy Weitzel was honored as Cousin Jenny of the Year yesterday! Congrats! cousin sister n. (a) South Asian a female cousin of one's own generation; (b) Australian (in Australian Aboriginal usage) a closely related female relative of one's own generation. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] > close relative nigha1382 necessaryc1384 bloodc1400 germane1490 prochain?1529 cousin brother1847 cousin sister1881 1881 Times of India 19 Mar. 3/3 As amongst the Europeans, Parsees and Mahomedans, a cousin-sister marries with a cousin-brother, why should an atonement of any kind..have been made necessary by the Hindu-religion? 1893 Rep. 4th Meeting Australasian Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 677 A man calls..the sons of his wife's sister or cousin-sister..his sons. 1996 D. Pilkington Rabbit-proof Fence (2002) v. 35 I don't want Maudie as my wife. I want her cousin sister. 2014 A. K. Sarkar Rainbow viii. 91 We were..taken to a room..to spend our night amongst three to four kids and with two younger cousin sisters of my wife. † Cousin Tom n. Obsolete slang a male beggar claiming or feigning insanity in order to obtain money; (later) a man who is simple-minded or mentally incapable; cf. Tom o' Bedlam n. at Tom n.¹ Compounds 1b(b). ΚΠ 1740 J. Ralph in Champion 7 June (1741) II. 309 There hath been formerly some very remarkable silly Fellow of this Appellation [sc. Thomas], whence this Name is transmitted to Posterity with no great Honour. Witness Tom Fool, Tom Dingle, Cousin Tom, Silly Tom. 1846 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words I. 274/2 Cousin Betty, or Cousin Tom, a bedlamite beggar; now applied to a mad woman or man. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cousinv. Brit. /ˈkʌzn/, U.S. /ˈkəzn/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: cousin n. Etymology: < cousin n.Compare French cousiner to address (a person) as cousin (1605). 1. transitive. To address (a person) as ‘cousin’; to claim cousinship with. rare.In quot. a1658 in figurative context. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > cousin > be a cousin [verb (transitive)] > call cousin cousina1658 a1658 J. Cleveland Publick Faith in Wks. (1687) 201 The Publick Faith? Why 'tis a word of kin, A Nephew that dares Cousin any sin. 1860 ‘A. L. O. E.’ What shall I Be? 65 ‘What must we call him, Allen, when we speak to him? Must we say “Cousin John”?’..‘I'm sure I don't know... I am sure he wouldn't like to have me cousining him, such a figure as I am now.’ 1951 P. M. tr. Z. Stancu Barefoot viii. 107 ‘Cousin..’ ‘Don't cousin me.’ 2. intransitive. Chiefly U.S. (regional or colloquial). To pay a visit to a cousin or relative. Also: to associate with a person on cousinly or familiar terms.In quot. 2007 in a work of historical fiction. ΚΠ 1774 [implied in: J. Adams Let. 4 July in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 10 You know I never get or save anything by cozening or classmating.]. 1876 E. Milner Sunshine in Shady Place xxiv. 218 The children were real English cherubs, with pleasant easy manners, and Geoffrey cousined with them at once. 1908 Drugs & Sundries Oct. p. iii We should be cousining with the American Pharmaceutical Association at Hot Springs. 1973 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (1985) I. 805/1 Cousin, to travel inexpensively by stopping with relatives or friends. 2007 A. Barrett Air We Breathe vii. 100 Having heard from a mutual friend that she was cousining with a welder from Yonkers. Derivatives ˈcousining n. U.S. regional (New England) now rare the action of visiting one's cousins or relatives; an instance of this; frequently in to go (a-)cousining. ΚΠ 1774 J. Adams Let. 4 July in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 10 You know I never get or save anything by cozening or classmating. 1855 R. B. Thomas Old Farmer's Almanack 1856 23 Who can ever forget the good, old-fashioned, and comfortable way of rigging up to go a-cousining? 1926 Amer. Speech 2 83/1 An acquaintance just returned from a ‘cousining’. 1960 G. H. Carroll Come with me Home iv. 64 She..touched as she passed it the granite ledge which had been a resting place for her great-grandmother each summer as she rode north, going cousining. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.c1300v.a1658
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cousinn.adj.

Phrases

Compounds

cousinv.

Derivatives