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单词 cowardice
释义

cowardicen.

Brit. /ˈkaʊədɪs/, U.S. /ˈkaʊərdəs/
Forms: Middle English–1700s cowardise, Middle English–1500s cowardyse, Middle English cowardys, (Middle English kowardyse, Middle English cowartys(s, kouardise, 1500s couuardeis), 1500s–1600s cowardize, 1600s– cowardice.
Etymology: < Old French couardise (13th cent. in Littré), < couard coward n. + -ise , suffix < Latin -itia : see -ice suffix1. An earlier French equivalent was couardie cowardy n.; obsolete English synonyms are cowardness, cowardry, cowardship; see also cowardliness.
1. The quality of a coward; cowardliness; want of courage to face danger; faint-heartedness, pusillanimity. See also moral cowardice n. at moral adj. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > fear > cowardice or pusillanimity > [noun]
arghtha1250
arghshipc1275
faintise1297
cowardicec1300
cowardshipc1330
arghness1340
arghhoodc1350
sheepnessc1380
pusillanimitya1393
cowardnessa1400
neshnessa1400
cowardyc1405
lithernessc1425
lashness1477
cowardrya1547
meagreness?1553
cowardliness1556
micropsychy1651
buzzardism1659
stanielry1659
manlessness1667
cow-heartedness1718
pusillanimousness1727
chicken-heartedness1808
infortitude1813
plucklessness1824
white-featherism1843
cold feet1893
yellow1893
liver-heartedness1897
yellowness1909
c1300 K. Alis. 3066 That day thou hadist heorte of pris: And now art ful of cowardys.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2273 Þou art not Gawayn..Such cowardise of þat knyȝt cowþe I neuer here.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) vi. 338 Fule-hardyment ye formast is And ye toyer is cowartys [1487 St. John's Cambr. cowardiss].
1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xv. 56 Wrothe of the grete cowardyse of these bestes.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vi. sig. F2v To banish cowardize.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iii. vi. 16 He is a Man..of comely Vertues, Nor did he soyle the fact with Cowardice . View more context for this quotation
1703 W. Burkitt Expos. Notes New Test. Mark vi. 34 It is no Cowardice to fly from the Rage of Persecutors.
1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xi. 129 It was imputed to his Cowardize.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth III. 267 It is, like all of the cat kind except the lion, remarkable for its cowardice.
1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 9 Demoralised by cowardice of heart and understanding.
2. with a and plural.
ΚΠ
c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 372 Among alle cowardisis, cowardise of richesse is þe moste.
1886 M. F. Tupper My Life as Author 92 But there is nothing like flight: it is easy and speedy, and more a courage than a cowardice.
3. transferred. Weakness (of wine). Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > qualities or characteristics of wine > [noun] > weakness
cowardice1673
1673 Sir W. Scroggs in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. 116 The cowardize of wine would turne it into vinegar.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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