criterionn.

Brit.

/krʌɪˈtɪərɪən/, U.S.

/kraɪˈtɪriən/

Forms: Plural criteria; less commonly -ons.

Etymology: < Greek κριτήριον a means for judging, test, standard, < κριτής judge. In 17th cent. often written in Greek letters.

†a. An organ, faculty or instrument of judging.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > [noun] > faculty or instrument of

meta1200

judgementa1250

assayc1394

estimation1398

estimative faculty1398

criterion1647

1647 H. More Philos. Poems Pref. sig. B3 Wits that have..so crusted and made hard their inward κριτήριον by overmuch and triviall wearing it.

1678 R. Cudworth tr. Sextus Empiricus in True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 23 According to Empedocles, the Criterion of Truth is not Sense but Right Reason.

b. A test, principle, rule, canon, or standard, by which anything is judged or estimated.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > trial, test, or testing > [noun] > criterion

rulec1384

meteyard?1531

touchstone?1531

plumb line1551

plummet1553

metewanda1568

touch1581

stone of touch1604

criterion1622

scale1626

criteriuma1631

measure1641

judge1642

criterie1660

foot-rule1662

mark1765

point of reference1772

metera1825

reference point1849

yardstick1869

benchmark1884

1622 Bp. J. Hall Serm. Thebalds 7 All the false κριτίρια that vse to beguile the iudgment of man.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Bucks. 129 The moving hereof [a statue] was made the Criterion of womens chastity.

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 330 Some mode of probation or trial, which the law of the country has ordained for a criterion of truth and falshood.

1788 A. Hughes Henry & Isabella I. 17 Regular uniformity and the straight line were the criterions of taste and beauty.

1795 H. Summersett Fate of Sedley I. 168 Lord Stokerland [is] the criterion of gallantry and politeness.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. i. 18 We have no criterion by which, in these matters, degrees of good and evil admit of being measured.

†c. A distinguishing mark or characteristic attaching to a thing, by which it can be judged or estimated. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > [noun]

tokenc1000

distinctionc1374

differencea1398

signeta1425

knowledge?c1475

smell?a1505

markc1522

badge1529

note1583

impress1590

monument1590

type1595

stamp1600

pressure1604

mintage1612

criterion1613

impressa1628

differencer1633

lineament1638

mole1644

discrimination1646

tessera1647

diagnostic1651

monumental1657

discretive1660

signate1662

footmark1666

trait1752

memorandum1766

fingerprint1792

insignia1796

identifier1807

designative1824

cachet1840

differentiator1854

tanga1867

trademark1869

signature1873

totem1875

differential1883

earmarkings1888

paw print1894

discriminator1943

ident1952

1613 T. Jackson Eternall Truth Script. i. 29 This sinceritie in teaching,..is the true κριτɛριον or touchstone, the liuerie or cognisance of a man speaking by the Spirit of God.

1678 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. IV 138 Take these Criteria or distinctive notes of Durandisme.

Draft additions September 2008

criterion-referenced adj. assessed by reference to an independent, absolute criterion; spec. (of a test or examination) that measures an individual's performance based on a predefined standard, rather than relative to the performance of others; cf. norm-referenced adj.

ΚΠ

1963 R. Glaser in Amer. Psychologist 18 519/2 What I shall call criterion-referenced measures depend upon an absolute standard of quality, while what I term norm-referenced measures depend upon a relative standard.

1975 G. G. Unruh Responsive Curriculum Devel. x. 207 Student needs may be assessed through interviews,..normative tests, criterion referenced tests, and other opportunities.

2007 Biloxi (Mississippi) Sun Herald (Nexis) 30 Sept. a18 To be eligible, students must have scored at the 95th percentile or better on..the state criterion-referenced test.

Draft additions September 2008

criterion-referencing n. the use of criterion-referenced tests or examinations (cf. norm-referencing n.).

ΚΠ

1971 R. E. Snow in D. W. Allen & E. Seifman Teacher's Handbk. iii. xi. 256/2 Criterion referencing attempts to specify more concretely the nature of each student's knowledge or skill.

2006 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 21 Aug. 2 In many ways, criterion-referencing seems ‘fairer’ than norm-referencing.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	criterion
释义	criterionn. Brit. /krʌɪˈtɪərɪən/, U.S. /kraɪˈtɪriən/ Forms: Plural criteria; less commonly -ons. Etymology: < Greek κριτήριον a means for judging, test, standard, < κριτής judge. In 17th cent. often written in Greek letters. †a. An organ, faculty or instrument of judging. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > [noun] > faculty or instrument of meta1200 judgementa1250 assayc1394 estimation1398 estimative faculty1398 criterion1647 1647 H. More Philos. Poems Pref. sig. B3 Wits that have..so crusted and made hard their inward κριτήριον by overmuch and triviall wearing it. 1678 R. Cudworth tr. Sextus Empiricus in True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 23 According to Empedocles, the Criterion of Truth is not Sense but Right Reason. b. A test, principle, rule, canon, or standard, by which anything is judged or estimated. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > trial, test, or testing > [noun] > criterion rulec1384 meteyard?1531 touchstone?1531 plumb line1551 plummet1553 metewanda1568 touch1581 stone of touch1604 criterion1622 scale1626 criteriuma1631 measure1641 judge1642 criterie1660 foot-rule1662 mark1765 point of reference1772 metera1825 reference point1849 yardstick1869 benchmark1884 1622 Bp. J. Hall Serm. Thebalds 7 All the false κριτίρια that vse to beguile the iudgment of man. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Bucks. 129 The moving hereof [a statue] was made the Criterion of womens chastity. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 330 Some mode of probation or trial, which the law of the country has ordained for a criterion of truth and falshood. 1788 A. Hughes Henry & Isabella I. 17 Regular uniformity and the straight line were the criterions of taste and beauty. 1795 H. Summersett Fate of Sedley I. 168 Lord Stokerland [is] the criterion of gallantry and politeness. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. i. 18 We have no criterion by which, in these matters, degrees of good and evil admit of being measured. †c. A distinguishing mark or characteristic attaching to a thing, by which it can be judged or estimated. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > [noun] tokenc1000 distinctionc1374 differencea1398 signeta1425 knowledge?c1475 smell?a1505 markc1522 badge1529 note1583 impress1590 monument1590 type1595 stamp1600 pressure1604 mintage1612 criterion1613 impressa1628 differencer1633 lineament1638 mole1644 discrimination1646 tessera1647 diagnostic1651 monumental1657 discretive1660 signate1662 footmark1666 trait1752 memorandum1766 fingerprint1792 insignia1796 identifier1807 designative1824 cachet1840 differentiator1854 tanga1867 trademark1869 signature1873 totem1875 differential1883 earmarkings1888 paw print1894 discriminator1943 ident1952 1613 T. Jackson Eternall Truth Script. i. 29 This sinceritie in teaching,..is the true κριτɛριον or touchstone, the liuerie or cognisance of a man speaking by the Spirit of God. 1678 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. IV 138 Take these Criteria or distinctive notes of Durandisme. Draft additions September 2008 criterion-referenced adj. assessed by reference to an independent, absolute criterion; spec. (of a test or examination) that measures an individual's performance based on a predefined standard, rather than relative to the performance of others; cf. norm-referenced adj. ΚΠ 1963 R. Glaser in Amer. Psychologist 18 519/2 What I shall call criterion-referenced measures depend upon an absolute standard of quality, while what I term norm-referenced measures depend upon a relative standard. 1975 G. G. Unruh Responsive Curriculum Devel. x. 207 Student needs may be assessed through interviews,..normative tests, criterion referenced tests, and other opportunities. 2007 Biloxi (Mississippi) Sun Herald (Nexis) 30 Sept. a18 To be eligible, students must have scored at the 95th percentile or better on..the state criterion-referenced test. Draft additions September 2008 criterion-referencing n. the use of criterion-referenced tests or examinations (cf. norm-referencing n.). ΚΠ 1971 R. E. Snow in D. W. Allen & E. Seifman Teacher's Handbk. iii. xi. 256/2 Criterion referencing attempts to specify more concretely the nature of each student's knowledge or skill. 2006 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 21 Aug. 2 In many ways, criterion-referencing seems ‘fairer’ than norm-referencing. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1613
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