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单词 cunning
释义

cunningn.1

Brit. /ˈkʌnɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈkənɪŋ/
Forms: Middle English kunning(e, kunnyng(e, konning, konnyng(e, konyng, Middle English–1500s cunnyng(e, conning, connyng(e, coninge, conyng(e, Middle English kunyng, (1500s cooninng, coonning, counninge, counnynge), Middle English– cunning.
Etymology: Verbal noun < can v.1 (infinitive Old English cunnan , Middle English cunnen , connen ) in its earlier sense ‘to know’, hence originally = Latin scientia , sapientia . Not recorded in Old English (which had however oncunning accusation, from the derivative oncunnan to accuse), but like the cognate cunning adj., common since the 14th cent.
†1. Knowledge; learning, erudition. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > [noun]
learningc897
wisdomc950
witnessc950
lore971
clergya1225
wit1297
apprise1303
gramaryec1320
clergisea1330
cunning1340
lering1340
sciencea1387
schoola1393
studya1393
art?a1400
cunningnessa1400
leara1400
sophyc1440
doctrinec1460
mathesisa1475
grammarc1500
doctorship1567
knowledge1576
scholarship1579
virtuosoship1666
erudition1718
eruditenessa1834
Wissenschaft1834
savantism1855
scholarment1896
1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2350 Clerkes of grete cunnyng.
1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 7207 ‘Flos Sciencie’ Þat es on Ynglys ‘þe flour of konyng’.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 2 Manie han zeel..but not aftir kunnyng.
1535 G. Joye Apol. Tindale 50 We be puft up with coninge.
1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus Pref. Ready to communicate..any cunning I had.
c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) i. ix. 33 The Barbarians hyghlie honored him for his cunninge in all languages.
1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 93 The Carll had Cunning weill quhair the gait lay.
a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) i. 13 He that would try his cunning in history when he was old.
†2. The capacity or faculty of knowing; wit, wisdom, intelligence. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > [noun]
i-witc888
anyitOE
understandinga1050
ferec1175
skillwisenessa1200
quaintisec1300
brainc1325
cunning1340
reder1340
cunningnessa1400
sentencec1400
intelligence?1435
speculation1471
ingeny1474
cunningheadc1475
capacity1485
pregnancyc1487
dexterity1527
pregnance?1533
shift1542
wittiness1543
ingeniousness1555
conceitedness1576
pate1598
conceit1604
ingeniosity1607
dexterousness1622
talent1622
ingenuousness1628
solertiousnessa1649
ingenuity1651
partedness1654
brightness1655
solerty1656
prettiness1674
long head1694
long lega1705
cleverness1755
smartness1800
cleverality1828
brain power1832
knowledgeability1834
braininess1876
cerebrality1901
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 115 One yefþe of þe holy gost þet is y-cleped þe yefþe of connynge.
1407 W. Thorpe in Exam. I..believe that all these three Persons are euen in power and in cunning, and in might.
c1450 W. Lichefeld Complaint of God (Lamb. 853) l. 152 in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 201 I made þee also lijk to me, And ȝaf þee kunnynge and free wille.
?1521 A. Barclay Bk. Codrus & Mynalcas sig. Ciij They haue sca[n]tly, the connyng of a snyte.
1533 C. St. German Salem & Bizance xvii. f. lxvi Great vertues, and great gyftes of God, as chastitie, liberalitie.., temperance, cunnyng, & suche other.
3.
a. Knowledge how to do a thing; ability, skill, expertness, dexterity, cleverness. (Formerly the prevailing sense; now only a literary archaism.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > skill or knowledge
insightc1175
smeighnessc1200
slyness1357
cunningc1374
knowledge?a1425
wisdom1526
sight1530
cunningness1609
can1721
know-how1838
can-do1839
c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde v. 866 Cryseyde..Als ferforthe as she konnynge hadde or myght, Answerde hym.
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 347 But for to medle medicyns in þis maner þer mote be miche kunnynge for to proporcioune hem.
c1500 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 447 The oath of the Common Councell. Ye shall well and truly, to your cunning and power [etc.].
1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. i. xiv. 16 Greuously diseased..incurable by mans cunning.
1611 Bible (King James) Psalms cxxxvii. 5 Let my right hand forget her cunning . View more context for this quotation
1743 W. Ellis London & Country Brewer (ed. 2) II. 140 If such Brewers happen right..it is more by Chance, than Cunning.
1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone i. 8 High-ribbed vault..With perfect cunning framed.
1865 G. Rawlinson Five Great Monarchies III. v. 384 As nature's cunning arranges lines in the rainbow.
†b. transferred. An application of skill; an ingenious device or means (quot. 1527). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > display of skill > an application of skill
industry1477
cunning1526
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > available means or a resource > a device, contrivance, or expedient
costOE
craftOE
custc1275
ginc1275
devicec1290
enginec1300
quaintisec1300
contrevurec1330
castc1340
knackc1369
findinga1382
wilea1400
conject14..
skiftc1400
policy?1406
subtilityc1410
policec1450
conjecturea1464
industry1477
invention1516
cunning1526
shift1530
compass1540
chevisance1548
trade1550
tour1558
fashion1562
invent?1567
expediment1571
trick1573
ingeny1588
machine1595
lock1598
contrival1602
contrivement1611
artifice1620
recipea1643
ingenuity1651
expedient1653
contrivance1661
excogitation1664
mechanism1669
expediency1683
stroke1699
spell1728
management1736
manoeuvre1769
move1794
wrinkle1817
dodge1842
jigamaree1847
quiff1881
kink1889
lurk1916
gadget1920
fastie1931
ploy1940
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. CCCiii Whiche settyng of stones..[is] ferre greater connyng than is the hewyng of stones.
1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. Ivj The same water is a very good connyng for to make the face clere and fayre.
1684 R. Howlett School Recreat. 83 The first..Cunning to be observed in Bowling, is the right chusing your Bowl.
†4. A branch of knowledge or of skilled work; a science or art, a craft. In early times often = occult art, magic. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > [noun]
craftOE
lorec1290
cunning1340
facultyc1384
sciencea1387
intelligencea1393
disciplinea1398
masterya1425
learning1570
skill1570
doctrine1594
ism1680
ology1811
ography1828
sophya1843
osophy1851
society > occupation and work > [noun] > regular occupation, trade, or profession > craft
crafteOE
craftworkOE
handcraftOE
mister?c1225
cunning1340
arta1393
mysterya1400
sciencec1485
handicraft1523
mechanic1604
magistery1647
tradecraft1842
1340–70 Alisaunder 716 Þis King with his conning kithes his werkes With wiles of witchcraft.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1611 Baltazar..Þat now is demed Danyel of derne coninges.
c1400 Three Kings Cologne 14 Þey haue maistris..to teche hem þat cunnyng of astronomye.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 49 Sadelarie and talarie ben ij. dyuerse facultees and kunnyngis.
1539 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. iii. 158 Lycens to exercyse hys connyng withyn the libertyes of London.
1592 W. West Symbolæogr.: 1st Pt. §1 A Symbolæography is an Art or cunning rightly to fourme and make written Instruments.
5. (a) Now usually in bad sense: Skill employed in a secret or underhand manner, or for purposes of deceit; skilful deceit, craft, artifice. (Cf. craft n. 7.) (b) As a personal quality: Disposition to use one's skill in an underhand way; skilfulness in deceiving, craftiness, artfulness.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun]
listOE
wiþercraftc1175
wilta1230
craftc1275
sleightc1275
engine?a1300
quaintisec1300
vaidiec1325
wilec1374
cautelc1375
sophistryc1385
quaintnessc1390
voisdie1390
havilon?a1400
foxeryc1400
subtletyc1400
undercraftc1400
practic?a1439
callidityc1450
policec1450
wilinessc1450
craftiness1484
gin1543
cautility1554
cunning1582
cautelousness1584
panurgy1586
policy1587
foxshipa1616
cunningnessa1625
subdolousness1635
dexterity1656
insidiousnessa1677
versuteness1685
pawkiness1687
sleight-hand1792
pawkery1820
vulpinism1851
downiness1865
foxiness1875
slimness1899
slypussness1908
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 23 Soom practis or oother Heere lurcks of coonning: trust not this treacherus ensigne.
1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 18 We take Cunning for a sinister or crooked Wisdome.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. i. 54 Nay, you may thinke my loue was craftie loue, And call it cunning . View more context for this quotation
1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age ii. i. xi. 189 A piece of cunning, whereby he had couzened many.
a1718 W. Penn Maxims in Wks. (1726) I. 828 Cunning borders very near upon Knavery.
1842 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) III. ix. 142 The perfection of cunning is to conceal its own quality.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits vii. 120 Nature has endowed some animals with cunning, as a compensation for strength withheld.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cunningn.2

Etymology: Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈcunning.
Directing the helm: see under con v.2
ΚΠ
1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 418 The Helmsman..minded not the cunning of the ship.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

cunningadj.

Brit. /ˈkʌnɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈkənɪŋ/
Forms: Middle English– cunning; also Middle English konyng, (northern) cunnand, connand, conand(e, -aunde, Middle English–1500s kunnyng(e, -ing, konnyng, connyng(e, conyng(e, -inge, Middle English–1500s cuning, cunnyng(e, Middle English–1600s conning, 1500s conninge.
Etymology: Original type *cunnende, present participle of can v.1 (infinitive Old English cunnan, Middle English cunnen, connen), in its earlier sense ‘to know’; hence originally = ‘knowing’. Not found in Old English, but in regular use from 14th cent. both in the northern form cunnand, and the midland and southern cunning, connyng. The derivative conandscipe occurs in Cursor Mundi, Cotton MS.
†1.
a. Possessing knowledge or learning, learned; versed in (†of) a subject. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > [adjective]
yleredc897
keena1000
wisec1000
leredc1154
wittya1225
cunningc1325
taughta1382
clergialc1386
wittilyc1400
philosophicala1425
erudite?a1475
clergyable1488
informeda1500
studieda1513
estudied1550
learned1556
well-read?1576
scholarly1583
scholarlike1588
well-digested1602
literated1611
artificial1618
scienced1636
clerk-like1638
scollardicall1654
philosophic1665
virtuosoa1667
virtuousa1680
doct1694
blue-stockinged1791
bluestocking1793
scholared1830
eruditical1832
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > familiarity > [adjective] > knowing about, familiar with
craftyOE
slyc1175
coutha1225
well acquainteda1250
privyc1300
cunningc1325
well-groundeda1438
acquainted?a1439
familiar1509
at home1531
overseen1533
intelligent1546
long-experienced1567
conversant1573
skilful1596
accomplished1603
frequent1609
well (better, best) verseda1610
understanding1612
sound1615
studieda1616
technical1617
versed1622
conversing1724
versant1787
on intimate habits1809
special1830
inquainted1849
pre-acquainted1907
sophisticated1952
c1325 Metr. Hom. 93 He wil that they..be cunnand in his seruise.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 4810 [Þei] were hold..konyngest of kurtesie, & kowden fairest speke.
c1394 P. Pl. Crede 378 Als as he were a connynge Clerke.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 335 Myche kunnynger and better leerned.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin i. 17 The Iuges seiden he moste be connynge of moche thynge.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xiii. f. xixv Every scrybe which is coninge vnto the kyngdom of heven.
1667 H. More Divine Dialogues (1713) i. x. 19 I perceive you are cunninger than I in that Philosophy.
1876 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest V. xxiii. 128 Flambard and the other cunning clerks of the King's Chapel.]
b. transferred. Of things: Characterized by or full of knowledge or learning, learned.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > [adjective] > relating to learning
yleredc897
scientialc1454
cunning?1520
scholarlike1547
Palladian1562
lettered1567
sophical1601
literary1605
learned1613
gnostic1656
mathetic1815
sophic1900
?1520 J. Rastell Nature .iiii. Element sig. Aijv Yf connynge laten bokys were translate Into englyshe.
1534 Bible (Tyndale rev. Joye) 1 Cor. ii. 13 Which thinges also we speake, not in the connynge wordes of mannes wysdome, but with the connynge wordes of the holy goost.
1630 W. Davenant Just Italian iii. sig. Cl Stones of The cunningst soyle.
2.
a. Possessing practical knowledge or skill; able, skilful, expert, dexterous, clever. (Formerly the prevailing sense; now only a literary archaism.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective]
prettyOE
hagherc1175
slyc1175
skilful1338
cunning1382
subtlec1390
subtilea1393
appertise1484
sleighta1513
practicatec1550
skilled1552
right-sided1575
canny1628
skilly1768
Oorlam1881
heads up1913
shit-hot1942
multi-skill1970
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 1 Sam. xvi. 18 The sone of Ysaye Bethlemyte, kunnynge to harpe.
1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 46 An Aldirman able and konyng to reulen and gouern þe company.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Kings Contents ch. v Hiram..sendeth Salomon connynge craftesmen to buylde the Temple.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. iv. 276 And I thought he had beene valiant, and so cunning in Fence.
1690 J. Locke Two Treat. Govt. ii. xix The tools of Cunninger workmen.
1718 M. Prior To C'tess of Exeter 37 While Luke his Skill exprest, A cunning Angel came, and drew the rest.
1843 W. H. Prescott Hist. Conquest Mexico II. v. vii. 456 Most cunning in the management of their weapons.
b. transferred. Showing skill or expertness; skilfully contrived or executed; skilful, ingenious.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > ingenious > characterized by ingenuity
craftlyOE
quaintc1230
sly1297
subtilea1393
subtlea1400
cunning1423
prettyc1450
ingenious1548
politicc1550
well-contrived1563
conceited1579
well-invented1588
concepted1594
nimble1602
artful1605
artly?1614
artistical1646
callid1656
well-couched1671
tippy1863
genius1924
creative1967
1423 Kingis Quair xcvii Fair-calling, hir vschere, That coude his office doon in connyng wise.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Chron. ii. 14 To carue all maner of thinges, and to make what connynge thinge so euer is geuen him.
1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 67v The cooke..made a cunning messe Of meate thereof.
1611 Bible (King James) Exod. xxxix. 8 He made the brestplate of cunning worke. View more context for this quotation
1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. ii. ii. 68 They have a peculiar and wonderful cunning way of building... Their Nests hang down two or three foot from the twigs.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Vision of Sin in Poems (new ed.) II. 223 Joints of cunning workmanship.
†3. spec. Possessing magical knowledge or skill: in cunning man, cunning woman, a fortune-teller, conjurer, ‘wise man’, ‘wise woman’, wizard or witch. (Also hyphenated cunning-man.) Obsolete (or ? dialect)
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > [adjective] > possessing magical qualities or skill
cunning1594
wisea1639
fey1823
the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > sorcerer or magician > [noun]
wielerOE
jugglera1100
wielea1350
magicianc1375
sorcerc1400
warlockc1400
mage?a1425
sorcerer1526
witch-mana1538
wizarda1557
wise man1562
cunning man1594
man-witch1601
wonder-master1603
sorcerist1624
talisman1646
ob1659
fascinator1677
varlet1701
Magian1716
brujo1758
mediciner1845
bomoh1851
pellar1865
trollman1865
baloi1871
magic-man1905
Wiccan1971
the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > sorcerer or magician > witch > [noun]
walkyrieOE
witchOE
hagc1230
strya1300
wise woman1382
sorceressc1384
luller14..
tylyester14..
chantressc1425
magicienne1490
gyre-carline1535
witch-womana1538
eye-biter1584
beldama1586
witch-wife1591
cunning woman1594
saga?a1600
magha1609
magicianess1651
hag-witcha1658
haggard1658
besom-rider1664
wizardess1789
fly-by-night1796
lucky1827
bruja1829
weird-woman1845
hex1856
Baba Yaga1857
pishogue1906
witcher1928
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 653 Ful conyng was sche & coynt, & couþe fele þinges, of charmes & of chau[n]temens to schewe harde castis.]
1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iv. i. 35 A cunning Wyssard told me, That by Water I should die.
1616 B. Jonson Epicœne ii. ii, in Wks. I. 542 Going in disguise to that coniurer, and this cunning woman . View more context for this quotation
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 505. ¶4 How many Wizards, Gypsies, and Cunning Men.
1797 Sporting Mag. 10 273 The wife..went to a cunning woman to discover the thief.
1807 R. Southey Lett. from Eng. II. 342 A Cunning-Man, or a Cunning-Woman, as they are termed, is to be found near every town.
4. Possessing keen intelligence, wit, or insight; knowing, clever.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > [adjective]
keena1000
nimbleOE
wittya1100
smeighc1200
understandingc1200
aperta1330
skillwisea1340
witted1377
intelligiblea1382
well-feelinga1382
knowinga1398
finec1400
large?a1425
well-knowingc1425
of understanding1428
capax1432
sententiousc1440
well-wittedc1450
intellectual?a1475
clean1485
industriousc1487
intellective1509
cleanlyc1540
ingenious?a1560
fine-headed1574
conceited1579
conceitful1594
intelligenced1596
dexter1597
ingenuous1598
intelligent1598
senseful1598
parted1600
thinking1605
dexterical1607
solert1612
apprehensivea1616
dexterous1622
solertic1623
intelligential1646
callent1656
cunning1671
thoughtful1674
perceptive1696
clever1716
uptaking1756
spiritual1807
bright1815
gnostic1819
knowledgeable1825
brainy1845
opulent1851
opening1872
super-cerebral1916
brainiac1976
1671 J. Webster Metallographia vi. 106 Wiser heads, and cunninger wits.
1710 A. Philips Pastorals ii. 55 Against ill Luck all cunning Foresight fails.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xix. 201 Your groom rides your horses, because he is a cunninger animal than they.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits x. 167 [These] provisions..have exercised the cunningest heads in a profession which never admits a fool.
5.
a. In bad sense: Skilful in compassing one's ends by covert means; clever in circumventing; crafty, artful, guileful, sly. (The prevailing modern sense.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [adjective]
warec888
craftyOE
hinderyeapc1000
yepec1000
foxc1175
slya1200
hinderc1200
quaint?c1225
wrenchfulc1225
wiltfula1250
wilyc1330
subtle1340
cautelous138.
sleightful1380
subtile1387
enginousa1393
wilfula1400
wilyc1407
sleighty1412
serpentinec1422
ginnousa1425
wittya1425
semyc1440
artificial?a1475
sleight1495
slapea1500
shrewdc1525
craftly1526
foxy1528
gleering?1533
foxish1535
insidious1545
vafrous1548
wily beguile1550
wilely1556
fine1559
todly1571
practic1585
subdolous1588
captious1590
witryff1598
cautel1606
cunninga1616
versute1616
shiftfula1618
artificious1624
insidiary1625
canny1628
lapwing-like1638
pawky?a1640
tricksome1648
callid1656
versutious1660
artful1663
slim1674
dexterous1701
trickish1705
supple1710
slid1719
vulpinary1721
tricksy1766
trickful1775
sneck-drawing1786
tricky1786
louche1819
sneck-drawn1820
slyish1828
vulpine1830
kokum1839
spidery1843
dodgy1861
ladino1863
carney1881
slinky1951
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. i. sig. M7 That conning Architect of cancred guyle.]
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) ii. ii. 108 Whatsoeuer cunning fiend it was That wrought vpon thee. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) i. iv. 90.
1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xvi. 54 Like cunning thieves, desiring that the prey..should not escape out of their hands.
1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 193. ⁋1 The cunning will have recourse to stratagem, and the powerful to violence.
1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. vii. iv. 173 He was not naturally either cunning or cruel.
1864 C. Kingsley Roman & Teuton iii. 81 The stronger, if not the cunninger of the two.
b. Of things: Showing or characterized by craftiness; crafty.
ΚΠ
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iii. sig. C4 Then he by conning sleights in at the window crept.
1611 Bible (King James) Eph. iv. 14 By the sleight of men, and cunning craftinesse, whereby they lye in waite to deceiue. View more context for this quotation
1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. iii. 85 His black eyes were restless, sly, and cunning.
1872 E. Peacock Mabel Heron I. iii. 49 If I didn't know your cunning ways.
6. U.S. colloquial. Quaintly interesting or pretty, attractive, taking; as having attributed to it the qualities described in sense 2b, or (as said of young children) in senses 4 or 5b. (Cf. canny adj. 5a.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > attractiveness > [adjective]
gracious1340
glorious skinnyc1400
drawing1435
gracefulc1449
attrayant1477
well-favoured1539
alluring1567
graceda1586
attracting1589
attractive1592
winning1596
appealing1598
taking1603
allicient1613
enchantinga1616
motive1615
temptinga1616
allurant1631
catchinga1640
gaining1642
canny1643
charmful1656
charming1664
mignon1671
disarminga1718
prepossessing1737
seducing1749
seductive176.
eye-catching1770
sweet1779
catchy1784
attaching1785
engaging1816
cute1834
cunning1843
taky1854
cynosural1855
smart1860
fetching1880
seductious1883
fruity1900
barry1923
hot stuff1928
swoony1934
dishy1961
dolly1964
jiggy1996
aegyo2007
the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > [adjective]
winsomea900
sweetc900
likingeOE
i-quemec950
lieflyOE
winlyOE
hereOE
thankfulc1000
merryOE
queemc1175
beina1200
willea1200
leesomec1200
savouryc1225
estea1250
i-wilc1275
winc1275
welcomea1300
doucea1350
well-pleasingc1350
acceptablea1382
pleasablea1382
pleasanta1382
pleaseda1382
acceptedc1384
amiablec1384
well-likinga1387
queemfulc1390
flattering1393
pleasinga1398
well-queeminga1400
comelyc1400
farrandc1400
greable1401
goodlyc1405
amicable?a1425
placablec1429
amene1433
winful1438
listyc1440
dulcet1445
agreeablec1450
favourousc1485
sweetly?a1500
pleasureful?c1502
dulcea1513
grate1523
prettya1529
plausible1541
jolly1549
dulcoratec1550
toothsome1551
pleasurable1557
tickling1558
suavec1560
amenous1567
odoriferous?1575
perfumed1580
glada1586
tickle1593
pleasurous1595
favoursome1601
dulcean1606
gratifying1611
Hyblaean1614
gratulatea1616
arrident1616
solacefula1618
pleasantable1619
placid1628
contentsome1632
sapid1640
canny1643
gustful1647
peramene1657
pergrateful1657
tastefula1659
complacent1660
placentiousa1661
gratifactorya1665
bland1667
suavious1669
palatable1683
placent1683
complaisant1710
nice1747
tasty1796
sweetsome1799
titbit1820
connate1836
cunning1843
mooi1850
gemütlich1852
sympathique1859
congenial1878
sympathetic1900
sipid1908
onkus1910
sympathisch1911
1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xvii. 216 Tea and coffee arrived (with sweet preserves, and cunning teacakes in its train).
1844 ‘J. Slick’ High Life N.Y. I. 220 ‘Why, that pair,’ sez she,..a burying her hands..down in the pocket of her cunning apron.
1854 H. B. Stowe Sunny Memories Foreign Lands I. 161 My eye had been caught by some cunning little tubs and pails in a window.
1885 G. Allen Babylon I. i. 13 Ain't it a cunning little egg?
1887 Cent. Mag. Nov. 43 As a child, she had been called ‘cunning’ in the popular American use of the word when applied to children; that is to say, piquantly interesting.
1888 The Lady 25 Oct. 374/3 ‘Cunning’ little shelves for small bits of pottery.

Phrases

to run cunning.
a. Chiefly Coursing and Hunting. Of a hound, etc.: to display cunning and experience in the pursuit of quarry; spec. (a) to play a relatively passive role in a pursuit before moving decisively at an opportune moment; (b) to take a route to the quarry shorter than the proper trail. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1801 Sporting Mag. Dec. 114/1 Dogs that run cunning, or save themselves, will be sure to lose their match.
1874 G. F. Berkeley Fact against Fiction I. x. 297 To ‘run cunning’ means to wait on the dog matched against him; not to try conclusions of speed with his opponent, but to ‘lie by’ for ‘the turn,’ letting the other dog do all the work, and running on purpose second to him, for the desire of flinging in and catching the hare when ‘turned’.
1920 Bulletin (Sydney) 6 May 20/2 The alleged tame dingo..is a heartbreak to the shepherd. He will ‘run cunning’ when sent round the flock, cutting off a ‘wing’ of the sheep, which is disastrous to the drover.
1950 Time 27 Nov. Still others [sc. hounds] were thrown out [of the hunt] for ‘loafing’ (disinclination to hunt) and for ‘running cunning’ (failing to work the proper trail).
b. figurative and in figurative contexts. To use cunning, experience, or opportunism to achieve one's ends. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel II. iv. 71 Sir Mungo, to continue the simile, had long ago learned to run cunning, and make sure of mouthing his game.
1888 Times 25 July 8/4 The advisers of the plaintiff, instead of putting their whole case, tried to run cunning.
1916 Living Age 23 Dec. 729/1 Now I must run cunning and name no names.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11340n.21659adj.c1325
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