crusen.

Brit.

/kruːz/,

/kruːs/, U.S.

/kruz/

Forms: Middle English– cruse; also Middle English crowse, crowce, crewse, crwce, Middle English–1600s cruce, 1500s crouse, cruys(e, crewyse, 1600s cruze, criuze, 1700s creuse, 1700s–1800s cruise.

Etymology: A word of which similar forms are found in most of the Germanic languages; compare Icelandic krús (a1300) pot, tankard, Danish kruus mug, jug, cruet, Swedish krus mug; also Old High German *krûse represented by diminutive krûselîn, Middle High German krûse, German krause pot with a lid, Middle Low German hrûs, krôs, Low German kroos, krûs, kraus; Middle Dutch cruyse, Dutch kroes; West Frisian kroes, East Frisian krôs, North Frisian kruas, kröss, Wangeroog krûs. The etymological history is uncertain, as is also the original type, since the Low German, Dutch and Frisian present forms both in û and ô; in English also, it is noteworthy that we have beside Middle English u, modern u, where we should expect ou. The variant spelling in ui, (uy) from 16th cent. appears to be from Dutch. The historical pronunciation is with s (compare the early cruce), which also now predominates; but the spelling with z has been occasional since 1600, and a corresponding pronunciation is given by Smart and Cassell, and often heard.

archaic.

a. A small earthen vessel for liquids; a pot, jar, or bottle; also a drinking vessel.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun]

chalicec825

napeOE

copc950

fullOE

cupc1000

canOE

shalec1075

scalec1230

maselin?a1300

mazer1311

richardine1352

dish1381

fiole1382

pece1383

phialc1384

gobletc1400

bowl-cup1420

chalice-cup1420

crusec1420

mazer-cup1434

goddard1439

stoup1452

bicker1459

cowl1476

tankard1485

stop1489

hanapa1513

skull1513

Maudlin cup1544

Magdalene cup?a1549

mazer bowl1562

skew1567

shell1577

godet1580

mazard1584

bousing-can1590

cushion1594

glove1609

rumkin1636

Maudlin pot1638

Pimlico1654

mazer dish1656

mug1664

tumbler1664

souce1688

streaker1694

ox-eye1703

false-cup1708

tankard-cup1745

poculum1846

phiale1867

tumbler-cup1900

stem-cup1915

sippy cup1986

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > [noun] > earthenware vessel > small

crusec1420

pankin1420

gallipot1465

crocketa1657

piggy1711

canette1881

c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 584 Twey cruses in oon day.

c1420 Pallad. on Husb. xi. 349 A cruce into a stene of wyne devise.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 105 Crowse, or cruse, potte [Pynson crowce or crwce].

1481–90 Howard Househ. Bks. (Roxb.) 404 For drynkyng crewses for howsold viij.d.

a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Gi^v Then he may drynke out of a stone cruyse.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Kings xvii. 16 The oyle in the cruse fayled not.

1604 B. Jonson His Pt. Royall Entertainem. 130 A cristall Cruze filld with wine.

1634 H. Peacham Gentlemans Exercise (new ed.) i. xxvii. 94 In a crucible or melting cruse.

1742 W. Collins Persian Eclogues ii. 10 One Cruise of Water on his Back he bore.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Cruise, a small cup.

1817 S. T. Coleridge Zapolya ii. i. 70 What if I leave these cakes, this cruse of wine, Here by this cave.

1892 J. Raine Handbk. York Museum 167 Cruses and Pottle-pots of black and brown ware.

b. figurative (with allusion to 1 Kings xvii. 12–16).

ΚΠ

a1653 Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 40 Thy cruse of joye is it already spent?

1849 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis (1850) I. xxi. 195 He had dipped ungenerously into a generous mother's purse; basely and recklessly spilt her little cruse.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cruse
释义	crusen. Brit. /kruːz/, /kruːs/, U.S. /kruz/ Forms: Middle English– cruse; also Middle English crowse, crowce, crewse, crwce, Middle English–1600s cruce, 1500s crouse, cruys(e, crewyse, 1600s cruze, criuze, 1700s creuse, 1700s–1800s cruise. Etymology: A word of which similar forms are found in most of the Germanic languages; compare Icelandic krús (a1300) pot, tankard, Danish kruus mug, jug, cruet, Swedish krus mug; also Old High German krûse represented by diminutive krûselîn, Middle High German krûse, German krause* pot with a lid, Middle Low German hrûs, krôs, Low German kroos, krûs, kraus; Middle Dutch cruyse, Dutch kroes; West Frisian kroes, East Frisian krôs, North Frisian kruas, kröss, Wangeroog krûs. The etymological history is uncertain, as is also the original type, since the Low German, Dutch and Frisian present forms both in û and ô; in English also, it is noteworthy that we have beside Middle English u, modern u, where we should expect ou. The variant spelling in ui, (uy) from 16th cent. appears to be from Dutch. The historical pronunciation is with s (compare the early cruce), which also now predominates; but the spelling with z has been occasional since 1600, and a corresponding pronunciation is given by Smart and Cassell, and often heard. archaic. a. A small earthen vessel for liquids; a pot, jar, or bottle; also a drinking vessel. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun] chalicec825 napeOE copc950 fullOE cupc1000 canOE shalec1075 scalec1230 maselin?a1300 mazer1311 richardine1352 dish1381 fiole1382 pece1383 phialc1384 gobletc1400 bowl-cup1420 chalice-cup1420 crusec1420 mazer-cup1434 goddard1439 stoup1452 bicker1459 cowl1476 tankard1485 stop1489 hanapa1513 skull1513 Maudlin cup1544 Magdalene cup?a1549 mazer bowl1562 skew1567 shell1577 godet1580 mazard1584 bousing-can1590 cushion1594 glove1609 rumkin1636 Maudlin pot1638 Pimlico1654 mazer dish1656 mug1664 tumbler1664 souce1688 streaker1694 ox-eye1703 false-cup1708 tankard-cup1745 poculum1846 phiale1867 tumbler-cup1900 stem-cup1915 sippy cup1986 society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > [noun] > earthenware vessel > small crusec1420 pankin1420 gallipot1465 crocketa1657 piggy1711 canette1881 c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 584 Twey cruses in oon day. c1420 Pallad. on Husb. xi. 349 A cruce into a stene of wyne devise. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 105 Crowse, or cruse, potte [Pynson crowce or crwce]. 1481–90 Howard Househ. Bks. (Roxb.) 404 For drynkyng crewses for howsold viij.d. a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Gi^v Then he may drynke out of a stone cruyse. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Kings xvii. 16 The oyle in the cruse fayled not. 1604 B. Jonson His Pt. Royall Entertainem. 130 A cristall Cruze filld with wine. 1634 H. Peacham Gentlemans Exercise (new ed.) i. xxvii. 94 In a crucible or melting cruse. 1742 W. Collins Persian Eclogues ii. 10 One Cruise of Water on his Back he bore. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Cruise, a small cup. 1817 S. T. Coleridge Zapolya ii. i. 70 What if I leave these cakes, this cruse of wine, Here by this cave. 1892 J. Raine Handbk. York Museum 167 Cruses and Pottle-pots of black and brown ware. b. figurative (with allusion to 1 Kings xvii. 12–16). ΚΠ a1653 Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 40 Thy cruse of joye is it already spent? 1849 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis (1850) I. xxi. 195 He had dipped ungenerously into a generous mother's purse; basely and recklessly spilt her little cruse. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1420
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