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单词 cropper
释义

croppern.1

Brit. /ˈkrɒpə/, U.S. /ˈkrɑpər/
Etymology: < crop n. + -er suffix1.
A breed of pigeons having the power of greatly distending or puffing up their crops; a pouter.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Columbiformes (pigeons, etc.) > domestic pigeon > [noun] > pouter
cropper1655
pouter1725
uploper1735
pouter pigeon1793
Isabel1867
1655 I. Walton Compl. Angler (ed. 2) 101 There be Cropers, Carryers, Runts.
1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. ii. ii. i. xv. 181 Pigeons... Croppers, so called because they can, and usually do, by attracting the Air, blow up their Crops to that strange bigness that they exceed the bulk of the whole body beside.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth V. 293 Pigeon fanciers..can breed them..to a feather..Croppers, Carriers, Jacobines, [etc.].
1850 E. S. Dixon in Tegetmeier Pigeons (1867) v. 54 Pouters..Provincially they are called Croppers.
1891 Daily News 7 Jan. 3/4 Those Norwich croppers are not half so puffed up as they seem.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

croppern.2

Etymology: < crop n. or crop v. + -er suffix1.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈcropper.
1. One who or that which crops. spec. a shearing machine in iron and steel work; also, the workman who operates it.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > cutting equipment > machines
slitting-mill?1677
slit-mill1776
shear1845
nail cutter1851
plate shears1861
bar-cutter1874
paper cutter1880
guillotine1881
croppera1884
guillotine shears1884
nibbler1939
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > metalworker > [noun] > worker involved in shearing metal
bar-cutter1874
shearer?1881
shearman?1881
cropper1921
1483 Cath. Angl. 84 A Cropper, decimator.
1881 Sat. Rev. No. 1319. 182 One can imagine Cicero..imploring the binder to leave the rough edges, and imploring in vain..But..binders were often slaves, and an angry amateur would throw the cropper to feed the lampreys.
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 231/2 Cropper, a powerful hand machine for shearing off bolts or rod iron.
1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §279 Cropper (iron and steel rolling); forge cropper, mill cropper and shearer; a shearer or a hot sawyer who cuts off badly shaped ends of finished bars of iron or steel after rolling.
1937 Times 13 Apr. p. xxxviii/1 Portable hand-lamps, bolt croppers, insulated pliers.
2. A workman who shears the nap of cloth; a cloth-shearer; also, a machine for doing this.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > shearing > one who
shearmanc1275
shearer1473
cloth-shearer?c1530
cropper1711
1711 R. Thoresby Diary (1830) II. 89 A fund for the aged and poor croppers at 2d or 4d per cloth.
1888 F. Peel Risings of Luddites 42 The discontented croppers of Liversedge.
3. One who raises a crop, or successive crops.Locally in U.S. and elsewhere used more or less specifically: see quots.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > [noun] > one who
planter1281
cropper1580
growera1687
raiser1707
vegetist1775
1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 21v Though breadcorne & drinkcorn, such croppers do stand: count peason or brank, as a comfort to land.
1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 19 What croppers bee, here learne to see.
1850 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 11 ii. 727 The land is occupied by tenants called Croppers, who pay rents amounting to 5l. or 6l. per acre, which they are enabled to pay by never letting the land lie idle, and growing crops of vegetables in rapid succession, which they carry to the Bristol market.
1886 Q. Rev. Oct. 109 A cropper hires for two years, at a low rent from a squatter, a bit of waste land, undertaking to clear it and grow wheat upon it. After this it is ready for English grass. To succeed, a cropper must work hard with his own hands.
1889 J. S. Farmer Americanisms Cropper, a farmer on commission, the consideration being..calculated by the proprietor on the basis of the crop produced.
4. A plant which yields a crop. (Usually with qualification.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > wild and cultivated plants > food plant or vegetable > [noun] > crop-plant
cropper1845
crop-plant1906
1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 6 ii. 352 The best croppers for feeding cattle.
1882 Garden 14 Jan. 19/3 Apples and Pears..having the stamp of excellent croppers.

Compounds

cropper-worker n. One who works a cropping-machine (for cloth).
ΚΠ
1891 Labour Commission Gloss.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

croppern.3

Etymology: perhaps < phrase neck and crop.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈcropper.
colloquial.
A heavy fall; usually in to come (fall, get) a cropper: often figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > fail or be unsuccessful [verb (intransitive)] > come to grief
misfareOE
miswendOE
misferec1275
misspeeda1387
miscarryc1387
mischieve?a1400
to catch copper1530
to lose one's seatc1540
mischief1598
to bu(r)st one's boiler1824
to come to grief1850
to come (also go) a mucker1851
to come (fall, get) a cropper1858
mucker1862
to go or be up the flume1865
to come undone1899
to play smash1903
to come to a sticky end1904
to come unstuck1911
society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride a horse (or other animal) [verb (intransitive)] > fall off
wendc1300
flit1430
unhorse1583
to be floored1826
to come (fall, get) a cropper1858
to come (also have) a buster1874
to come off1874
volunteer1890
to take a toss1917
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > [noun] > falling down or from erect position (animates) > severe fall
breakneck1563
plumper1810
purl1825
mucker1851
cropper1858
burster1863
smasher1875
crumpler1883
smeller1923
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > fall [verb (intransitive)] > fall down or from erect position > specifically of person or animal
to light lowc1225
wendc1300
to seek to the earth or groundc1330
tumblea1375
stretchc1400
to take a fall1413
to blush to the eartha1500
to come down1603
to go to grassa1640
to be floored1826
to take a spilla1845
to come (fall, get) a cropper1858
to hunt grass1872
to come (also have) a buster1874
to hit the deck1954
1858 R. S. Surtees Ask Mamma liii. 244 [He] rode at an impracticable fence, and got a cropper for his pains.
1874 Hotten's Slang Dict. (rev. ed.) 133 Cropper, ‘to go a cropper’, or ‘to come a cropper’, i.e., to fail badly.
1875 A. Trollope Way we live Now I. xxxviii. 241 He would ‘be coming a cropper rather,’ were he to marry Melmotte's daughter for her money, and then find that she had got none.
1877 H. A. Leveson Sport Many Lands 464 My horse put his foot in a hole and came down a cropper.
1951 T. Rattigan Who is Sylvia? i. 230 We bachelors welcome competition from married men. We so much enjoy watching them come the inevitable cropper.
1963 Times 30 Jan. 1/7 I came a proper cropper, dearie, all black and blue I was.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

croppern.4

Printing. The name given to a small printing-machine, the Minerva platen, after H. S. Cropper, the inventor (1866). Also attributive, as cropper boy, cropper-hand, cropper-machine, cropper work.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > printing > printing machine or press > [noun] > platen
platen printing machine1848
platen machine1849
cropper?1881
Minerva1883
Minerva machine1888
Minerva press1888
Miehle1902
society > communication > book > manufacture or production of books > book-binding > bookbinder > [noun] > worker performing specific process
clasp-man1619
clasp-maker1664
gatherer1683
stitcher1805
book-edge gilder1823
tooler1834
marbler1835
book marbler1843
paper marbler1863
forwarder1870
cropper?1881
flush-binder?1881
inlayer1881
boarder1882
filleter1884
clasper1885
placer1902
?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 40 Letter-Press Printing:..Cropper Hand.
1888 C. T. Jacobi Printers' Vocab. 28 Cropper, a short term for the ‘cropper’ small printing platen machine.
1892 Daily News 23 Sept. 8/6, Printers' Advt. Cropper hand wants work.
1896 Daily News 30 Oct. 10/6 Compositor (young). Jobbing and cropper.
1901 Daily Chron. 3 Dec. 9/7 Printers.—Young man seeks Situation in machine room; good reference for Cropper work.
1903 Daily Chron. 4 Mar. 9/7 Printers.—Cropper boy wanted.
1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §529 Machine minder, platen; cropper hand; has charge of platen machine.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.11655n.21483n.31858n.4?1881
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