† curtaln.adj.

/ˈkəːtəl/

Forms: see the senses.

Etymology: In 16th cent. also courtault, curtald, < 15th cent. French courtault, -auld, now courtaud < Old French cortald, curtald; compare Italian cortalda short bombard, pot gun, cortaldo petriero a short perrier; a derivative of Romanic corto, French court, ‘short’, with suffix -aldo, -ald, -alt, -aud, of Germanic origin: compare Diez Gram. III. i. i. 3. French has the various senses ‘short or dumpy man’, ‘docked horse or dog’, ‘short piece of artillery’, ‘short bassoon’, which have been at various times, and more or less independently, taken into English.

Obsolete exc. Historical (or archaic).

A. n.

I. 1500s courtault, -tall, -tal, 1500s–1600s cortall, curtall, (1500s curtell, -tole, -tayle, 1500s–1600s -toll, -taile, 1500s–1700s -tail), 1500s– curtal.

1. A horse with its tail cut short or docked (and sometimes the ears cropped); apparently sometimes a horse of a particular breed or small size, with which this practice was usual. Cf. cocktail n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > tail > docked > horse having

curtal1530

bob-tail1676

cocktail1781

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 68 Covrtavlt, a courtall, a horse.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 506/1 I wyll cutte of my horse tayle and make hym a courtault.

1564 W. Bullein Dialogue against Fever Pestilence f. 60 You can make a stoned horse a geldyng, and a longe taile a curtall.

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1697/1 Mounted on a Curtaile.

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clix. 467 (heading) Of the making of Curtals, or cutting off of the tailes of Horses.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Double courtaut, a strong curtall; or, a horse of a middle size betweene th' ordinarie curtall, and horse of seruice.

1620 Horæ Subseciuæ 36 They..thence vpon their Curtoe..goe to the Tauerne.

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxxix. 156 Six pages apparelled in his livery mounted on white Curtals.

2. transferred and figurative.

a. Any animal that has lost its tail.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > rump and tail > [noun] > tail > animal that's lost tail

curtal1608

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 146 Certaine [serpents]..whose bodies are of an equall..thicknesse, so as they appeare without tailes, being for that purpose called Decurtati, Curtailes.

b. Anything docked, or cut short.

ΚΠ

1669 Addr. Hopeful Young Gentry 80 There remains nothing of it but the shade of a great name, the empty curtail of its faint eccho.

1867 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. (new ed.) Introd. p. xxxi Consider what a poor curtal we have made of Ocean. There was something of his heave and expanse in o-ce-an.

3. Applied to persons:

a. with figurative reference to sense A. 1: One whose ears are cropped.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > torture > [noun] > one who is tortured > one whose ears have been cut

curtal1592

crop-ear1598

1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. E3^v I am made a curtall, for the Pillorie..hath eaten off both my eares.

b. Cant. A rogue who wears a short cloak.In quot. 1725 differently explained.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > roguery > rogue > [noun] > short-cloaked

curtal1567

society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > roguery, knavery, or rascalry > [noun] > rogue, knave, or rascal > wearing short cloak

curtal1567

1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. Ci^v There be of these Roges Curtales wearing shorte clokes.

1575 J. Awdely Fraternitye of Vacabondes (new ed.) sig. A2^v A Curtall is much like to the Upright man..He useth commonly to go with a short cloke, like to grey Friers.

1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Curtals, the Eleventh Rank of the Canting Crew.

1725 New Canting Dict. Curtails..so called from their Practice to cut off Pieces of Silk, Cloth, Linen or Stuff, that were hung out at the Shop-Windows of Mercers, etc... Also a Species of Cut-purses.

c. A term of derision or opprobrium. [Direct connection with French courtaud ‘short or dumpy person’ is doubtful.]

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun] > as abused

warlockOE

swinec1175

beastc1225

wolf's-fista1300

avetrolc1300

congeonc1300

dirtc1300

slimec1315

snipec1325

lurdanc1330

misbegetc1330

sorrowa1350

shrew1362

jordan1377

wirlingc1390

frog?a1400

warianglea1400

wretcha1400

horcop14..

turdc1400

callet1415

lotterela1450

paddock?a1475

souter1478

chuff?a1500

langbain?c1500

cockatrice1508

sow1508

spink1508

wilrone1508

rook?a1513

streaker?a1513

dirt-dauber?1518

marmoset1523

babiona1529

poll-hatcheta1529

bear-wolf1542

misbegotten1546

pig1546

excrement1561

mamzer1562

chuff-cat1563

varlet1566

toada1568

mandrake1568

spider1568

rat1571

bull-beef1573

mole-catcher1573

suppository1573

curtal1578

spider-catcher1579

mongrela1585

roita1585

stickdirta1585

dogfish1589

Poor John1589

dog's facec1590

tar-boxa1592

baboon1592

pot-hunter1592

venom1592

porcupine1594

lick-fingers1595

mouldychaps1595

tripe1595

conundrum1596

fat-guts1598

thornback1599

land-rat1600

midriff1600

stinkardc1600

Tartar1600

tumbril1601

lobster1602

pilcher1602

windfucker?1602

stinker1607

hog rubber1611

shad1612

splay-foot1612

tim1612

whit1612

verdugo1616

renegado1622

fish-facea1625

flea-trapa1625

hound's head1633

mulligrub1633

nightmare1633

toad's-guts1634

bitch-baby1638

shagamuffin1642

shit-breech1648

shitabed1653

snite1653

pissabed1672

bastard1675

swab1687

tar-barrel1695

runt1699

fat-face1740

shit-sack1769

vagabond1842

shick-shack1847

soor1848

b1851

stink-pot1854

molie1871

pig-dog1871

schweinhund1871

wind-sucker1880

fucker1893

cocksucker1894

wart1896

so-and-so1897

swine-hound1899

motherfucker1918

S.O.B.1918

twat1922

mong1926

mucker1929

basket1936

cowson1936

zombie1936

meatball1937

shower1943

chickenshit1945

mugger1945

motherferyer1946

hooer1952

morpion1954

mother1955

mother-raper1959

louser1960

effer1961

salaud1962

gunk1964

scunge1967

1578 G. Whetstone Promos & Cassandra: 1st Pt. i. iv. sig. Biij^v Were you borne in a myll, curtole? you prate so hye.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 201 b That this creeppled curtoll of Osorius may stand upright upon his legges.

1621 J. Fletcher et al. Trag. of Thierry & Theodoret i. i. sig. B3 Your old and honord Mistresse, you tyr'd curtalls Suffers for your base sinnes.

d. A drab. [Perhaps referring to short skirts.]

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > a prostitute

meretrixOE

whoreOE

soiled dovea1250

common womanc1330

putec1384

bordel womanc1405

putaina1425

brothelc1450

harlot?a1475

public womanc1510

naughty pack?1529

draba1533

cat1535

strange woman1535

stew1552

causey-paikera1555

putanie?1566

drivelling1570

twigger1573

punka1575

hackney1579

customer1583

commodity1591

streetwalker1591

traffic1591

trug1591

hackster1592

polecat1593

stale1593

mermaid1595

medlar1597

occupant1598

Paphian1598

Winchester goose1598

pagan1600

hell-moth1602

aunt1604

moll1604

prostitution1605

community1606

miss1606

night-worm1606

bat1607

croshabell1607

prostitute1607

pug1607

venturer1607

nag1608

curtal1611

jumbler1611

land-frigate1611

walk-street1611

doll-common1612

turn-up1612

barber's chaira1616

commonera1616

public commonera1616

trader1615

venturea1616

stewpot1616

tweak1617

carry-knave1623

prostibule1623

fling-dusta1625

mar-taila1625

night-shadea1625

waistcoateera1625

night trader1630

coolera1632

meretrician1631

painted ladya1637

treadle1638

buttock1641

night-walker1648

mob?1650

lady (also girl, etc.) of the game1651

lady of pleasure1652

trugmullion1654

fallen woman1659

girlc1662

high-flyer1663

fireship1665

quaedama1670

small girl1671

visor-mask1672

vizard-mask1672

bulker1673

marmalade-madam1674

town miss1675

town woman1675

lady of the night1677

mawks1677

fling-stink1679

Whetstone whore1684

man-leech1687

nocturnal1693

hack1699

strum1699

fille de joie1705

market-dame1706

screw1725

girl of (the) town1733

Cytherean1751

street girl1764

monnisher1765

lady of easy virtue1766

woman (also lady) of the town1766

kennel-nymph1771

chicken1782

stargazer1785

loose fish1809

receiver general1811

Cyprian1819

mollya1822

dolly-mop1834

hooker1845

charver1846

tail1846

horse-breaker1861

professional1862

flagger1865

cocodette1867

cocotte1867

queen's woman1871

common prostitute1875

joro1884

geisha1887

horizontal1888

flossy1893

moth1896

girl of the pavement1900

pross1902

prossie1902

pusher1902

split-arse mechanic1903

broad1914

shawl1922

bum1923

quiff1923

hustler1924

lady of the evening1924

prostie1926

working girl1928

prostisciutto1930

maggie1932

brass1934

brass nail1934

mud kicker1934

scupper1935

model1936

poule de luxe1937

pro1937

chromo1941

Tom1941

pan-pan1949

twopenny upright1958

scrubber1959

slack1959

yum-yum girl1960

Suzie Wong1962

mattress1964

jamette1965

ho1966

sex worker1971

pavement princess1976

parlour girl1979

crack whore1990

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Caignardiere, a hedge-whore, lazie queane, lowsie trull, filthie curtall, Doxie, Morte.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Curtail, a Drab, or nasty Slut.

II. 1500s courtault, curtald, cortoute, 1500s–1600s curtall, 1600s cortal; plural 1500s–1600s curtaux, -tawes, -towes.

a. A kind of cannon with a comparatively short barrel, in use in the 16th and 17th centuries. The demi-curtall or half curtall, and double curtall were smaller and larger varieties.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > small or short pieces

murderer1495

curtala1509

minion1513

passe-volant1513

pikmoyane1513

saker1521

base1539

robinet1547

quarter cannon?a1549

bersec1550

murdresarc1550

yetling1558

battardc1565

demi-cannon1577

calabass1578

double curtal1582

demi-culverin1587

rabinet1596

murdering piece1601

drake1627

putter1646

cartow1650

putterlingc1650

minion drakea1661

cut1672

under-saker1678

murther1688

carronade1779

carthoun1849

a1509 Ramsay Let. to Hen. VII in Pinkerton Hist. Scot. II. 440 (Jam.) ij great curtaldis that war send out of France.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 448/1 They bended agaynst the castell ten courtaultes and fyftene serpentynes.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cxxi Bombardes, curtawes, & demy curtaux.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cxxvij^v One pece of ordinaunce called a Curtall.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cxxxvj^v Double Curtalles.

1629 tr. S. Pelegromius Descr. S'hertogenbosh 36 The Enemies did shoot aboue 110 shot with halfe Curtowes.

1664 Floddan Field ii. 18 Culverings and Cortals great, And double Canons two or three.

b. curtal-sonnet n. (see quot. a1889).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > lyric poem > [noun] > lyric of fixed verse form > sonnet > types of sonnet

caudated sonnet1886

curtal-sonneta1889

a1889 G. M. Hopkins Poems (1918) Pref. 6 Nos. 13 and 22 are Curtal-Sonnets, that is they are constructed in proportions resembling those of the sonnet proper, namely 6 + 4 instead of 8 + 6, with however a halfline tailpiece (so that the equation is rather ¹²/ ₈ + ⁹/ ₂ = ²¹/ ₂ = 10¹/ ₂).

III. 1500s curtoll, 1600s–1700s courtel, 1700s curtail, -till, curtal, ( 1700s–1800s courtaud, -aut).

5. An obsolete musical instrument, a kind of bassoon; also an organ stop of similar quality of tone; also double curtal.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > small or short pieces

murderer1495

curtala1509

minion1513

passe-volant1513

pikmoyane1513

saker1521

base1539

robinet1547

quarter cannon?a1549

bersec1550

murdresarc1550

yetling1558

battardc1565

demi-cannon1577

calabass1578

double curtal1582

demi-culverin1587

rabinet1596

murdering piece1601

drake1627

putter1646

cartow1650

putterlingc1650

minion drakea1661

cut1672

under-saker1678

murther1688

carronade1779

carthoun1849

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > woodwind instruments > [noun] > reed instrument > bassoon-like instruments

bombard1393

curtal1582

sordun1876

pommer1878

dulcian1891

sordume1955

bombardo-

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > reed-stop > specific

regal1555

curtal1582

trumpet1659

cremona1660

cromorne1694

hautboyc1700

horn1722

serpent1730

dulcian1773

zinke1773

trumpet stop1795

musette1825

fagotto1832

oboe1834

trombone1837

physharmonica1838

cornopean1840

ophicleide1842

posaune1843

button regal1852

shawm1852

vox angelica1852

busaun1855

bombardon1856

tuba1858

bombard1876

clarinet1876

rackett1876

tenoroon1876

clarionet1880

krummhorn1880

1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum 423/1 (margin) The common bleting musicke is y^e Drone, Hobius, and Curtoll.

168. Let. in J. Hawkins Gen. Hist. Music (1776) V. 355 Then Mr. Harris challenged Father Smith to make additional stops..these were the Vox-humane, the Cremona or Violin stop, the double Courtel or base Flute.

1706 E. Ward Hudibras Redivivus II. v. 24 With Voice as hoarse as double Curtal.

1776 J. Hawkins Gen. Hist. Music IV. ix. 139 An instrument, called, by reason of its shortness, the Courtaut.

1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 124/2 Courtaut, Cortaud, Corthal, an ancient instrument of the bassoon kind.

B. adj. Also 1500s–1600s curtall, -toll.

1. Of horses: Having the tail docked; made a curtal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [adjective] > having particular type of tail

docked1408

stug-tailed1575

curtal1576

curtailed1591

bushya1609

bobbed1658

undocked1677

flisk1680

rat-tailed1684

strunted1688

bob1709

cocktailed1763

switched1769

cocked1775

nick-tailed1840

1576 Inventory in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 377 A curtall nagge.

1578 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 396 One grey trotting curtoll mare.

1632 Thomas of Reading in W. J. Thoms Early Eng. Prose Romances (1858) I. 146 If he ware a long taile, he would make him curtall.

a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1883) I. 208 A Dun Curtall horse with a white head and black mane.

2. Of dogs: Having the tail cut short or cut off.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dog > [adjective] > having specific type parts

sawinga1398

prick-eareda1425

well hanged1592

curtal1599

well-hung1611

unwormeda1625

uncropped1802

undocked1802

ring-tailed1821

apple-headed1854

gay1894

1599 W. Shakespeare et al. Passionate Pilgrime (new ed.) sig. C7 My curtaile dogge that wont to haue plaid, Plaies not at all but seemes afraid.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. ii. 151 I thinke..she had transform'd me to a Curtull dog, & made me turne i'th wheele.

a1663 R. Hood & Curtal Fryer xxxiv, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1888) III. v. 125/2 The curtal dogs, so taught they were, They kept their arrows in their mouth.

3. Shortened, short in linear dimension.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > shortness > [adjective] > shortened

docked1408

abbreviatec1425

abridged?c1430

shorted1483

abbreviatedc1487

curtailed1561

curted1568

curtala1592

shortened1598

curt1665

brief1668

curtate1893

a1592 R. Greene Hist. Orlando Furioso (1594) sig. Fiv^v Why hast thou mard my sword? The pummells well, the blade is curtald short.

1614 W. Camden Remaines (rev. ed.) 233 A new round curtall weede which they called a Cloake.

1630 J. Taylor Vertue of Tayle in Wks. ii. 128/2 He notes the curtall cannes halfe fild with froth.

4. Abridged, curtailed; brief, scant, curt.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > conciseness > [adjective] > compressed

contract1561

cutted1565

curtal1579

contracted1595

astrict1631

compressed1822

condensed1823

syncopated1897

capsule1938

1579 W. Fulke Refut. Rastels Confut. in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 750 There needeth none other creed..but onely this short curtall creed.

1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 623/1 Wee muste not take this so short and curtall a passage for a life.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xiiii. 138 Matters of this moment..were not to be..determin'd heer by Essays and curtal Aphorisms.

a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 255 A thankless countrey's curtal love.

5. Of the nature of a curtal or drab: see sense A. 3d.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [adjective] > relating to or of nature of prostitute

strumpeta1382

priestybulous?1545

prostibulous?1545

curtal1595

Cyprian1787

hetaeric1868

pom-pom1945

1595 Pleasant Quippes for Vpstart Gentle-women sig. B3^v Next, curtaile-flurt, as ranke as beast.

6. curtal friar n. apparently a friar with a short frock; cf. quot. 1575 at sense A. 3b.Applied in ballads to the friar (Tuck) who plays a part in some Robin Hood stories, called also ‘cutted friar’. Hence, as a vague archaism, in Scott. [The conjecture that curtal here means curtilanus, as ‘having the care and keeping of the curtile or vegetable garden’, is inadmissible.]

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > friar > [noun] > with short frock

cutted friarc1460

curtal friarc1610

c1610 Ballad (Pepysian Libr. I. No. 37) The famous Battelle betweene Robin Hood and the Curtall Fryer.

a1663 R. Hood & Curtal Fryer vi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1888) III. v. 124/1 There lives a curtal frier in Fountains Abby Will beat both him and thee.

a1663 R. Hood & Curtal Fryer xiii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1888) III. v. 124/2 Carry me over the water, thou curtal frier.

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. ii. 35 Now, sirs, who hath seen our chaplain? where is our curtal Friar?

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. ii. 53 Curtal Priest..thou hast been at a wet mass this morning.

1888 F. J. Child Ballads III. v. No. 117 A curtal, or cutted friar, called Friar Tuck.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	curtal
释义	† curtaln.adj. /ˈkəːtəl/ Forms: see the senses. Etymology: In 16th cent. also courtault, curtald, < 15th cent. French courtault, -auld, now courtaud < Old French cortald, curtald; compare Italian cortalda short bombard, pot gun, cortaldo petriero a short perrier; a derivative of Romanic corto, French court, ‘short’, with suffix -aldo, -ald, -alt, -aud, of Germanic origin: compare Diez Gram. III. i. i. 3. French has the various senses ‘short or dumpy man’, ‘docked horse or dog’, ‘short piece of artillery’, ‘short bassoon’, which have been at various times, and more or less independently, taken into English. Obsolete exc. Historical (or archaic). A. n. I. 1500s courtault, -tall, -tal, 1500s–1600s cortall, curtall, (1500s curtell, -tole, -tayle, 1500s–1600s -toll, -taile, 1500s–1700s -tail), 1500s– curtal. 1. A horse with its tail cut short or docked (and sometimes the ears cropped); apparently sometimes a horse of a particular breed or small size, with which this practice was usual. Cf. cocktail n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > tail > docked > horse having curtal1530 bob-tail1676 cocktail1781 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 68 Covrtavlt, a courtall, a horse. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 506/1 I wyll cutte of my horse tayle and make hym a courtault. 1564 W. Bullein Dialogue against Fever Pestilence f. 60 You can make a stoned horse a geldyng, and a longe taile a curtall. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1697/1 Mounted on a Curtaile. 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clix. 467 (heading) Of the making of Curtals, or cutting off of the tailes of Horses. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Double courtaut, a strong curtall; or, a horse of a middle size betweene th' ordinarie curtall, and horse of seruice. 1620 Horæ Subseciuæ 36 They..thence vpon their Curtoe..goe to the Tauerne. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxxix. 156 Six pages apparelled in his livery mounted on white Curtals. 2. transferred and figurative. a. Any animal that has lost its tail. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > rump and tail > [noun] > tail > animal that's lost tail curtal1608 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 146 Certaine [serpents]..whose bodies are of an equall..thicknesse, so as they appeare without tailes, being for that purpose called Decurtati, Curtailes. b. Anything docked, or cut short. ΚΠ 1669 Addr. Hopeful Young Gentry 80 There remains nothing of it but the shade of a great name, the empty curtail of its faint eccho. 1867 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. (new ed.) Introd. p. xxxi Consider what a poor curtal we have made of Ocean. There was something of his heave and expanse in o-ce-an. 3. Applied to persons: a. with figurative reference to sense A. 1: One whose ears are cropped. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > torture > [noun] > one who is tortured > one whose ears have been cut curtal1592 crop-ear1598 1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. E3^v I am made a curtall, for the Pillorie..hath eaten off both my eares. b. Cant. A rogue who wears a short cloak.In quot. 1725 differently explained. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > roguery > rogue > [noun] > short-cloaked curtal1567 society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > roguery, knavery, or rascalry > [noun] > rogue, knave, or rascal > wearing short cloak curtal1567 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. Ci^v There be of these Roges Curtales wearing shorte clokes. 1575 J. Awdely Fraternitye of Vacabondes (new ed.) sig. A2^v A Curtall is much like to the Upright man..He useth commonly to go with a short cloke, like to grey Friers. 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Curtals, the Eleventh Rank of the Canting Crew. 1725 New Canting Dict. Curtails..so called from their Practice to cut off Pieces of Silk, Cloth, Linen or Stuff, that were hung out at the Shop-Windows of Mercers, etc... Also a Species of Cut-purses. c. A term of derision or opprobrium. [Direct connection with French courtaud ‘short or dumpy person’ is doubtful.] ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun] > as abused warlockOE swinec1175 beastc1225 wolf's-fista1300 avetrolc1300 congeonc1300 dirtc1300 slimec1315 snipec1325 lurdanc1330 misbegetc1330 sorrowa1350 shrew1362 jordan1377 wirlingc1390 frog?a1400 warianglea1400 wretcha1400 horcop14.. turdc1400 callet1415 lotterela1450 paddock?a1475 souter1478 chuff?a1500 langbain?c1500 cockatrice1508 sow1508 spink1508 wilrone1508 rook?a1513 streaker?a1513 dirt-dauber?1518 marmoset1523 babiona1529 poll-hatcheta1529 bear-wolf1542 misbegotten1546 pig1546 excrement1561 mamzer1562 chuff-cat1563 varlet1566 toada1568 mandrake1568 spider1568 rat1571 bull-beef1573 mole-catcher1573 suppository1573 curtal1578 spider-catcher1579 mongrela1585 roita1585 stickdirta1585 dogfish1589 Poor John1589 dog's facec1590 tar-boxa1592 baboon1592 pot-hunter1592 venom1592 porcupine1594 lick-fingers1595 mouldychaps1595 tripe1595 conundrum1596 fat-guts1598 thornback1599 land-rat1600 midriff1600 stinkardc1600 Tartar1600 tumbril1601 lobster1602 pilcher1602 windfucker?1602 stinker1607 hog rubber1611 shad1612 splay-foot1612 tim1612 whit1612 verdugo1616 renegado1622 fish-facea1625 flea-trapa1625 hound's head1633 mulligrub1633 nightmare1633 toad's-guts1634 bitch-baby1638 shagamuffin1642 shit-breech1648 shitabed1653 snite1653 pissabed1672 bastard1675 swab1687 tar-barrel1695 runt1699 fat-face1740 shit-sack1769 vagabond1842 shick-shack1847 soor1848 b1851 stink-pot1854 molie1871 pig-dog1871 schweinhund1871 wind-sucker1880 fucker1893 cocksucker1894 wart1896 so-and-so1897 swine-hound1899 motherfucker1918 S.O.B.1918 twat1922 mong1926 mucker1929 basket1936 cowson1936 zombie1936 meatball1937 shower1943 chickenshit1945 mugger1945 motherferyer1946 hooer1952 morpion1954 mother1955 mother-raper1959 louser1960 effer1961 salaud1962 gunk1964 scunge1967 1578 G. Whetstone Promos & Cassandra: 1st Pt. i. iv. sig. Biij^v Were you borne in a myll, curtole? you prate so hye. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 201 b That this creeppled curtoll of Osorius may stand upright upon his legges. 1621 J. Fletcher et al. Trag. of Thierry & Theodoret i. i. sig. B3 Your old and honord Mistresse, you tyr'd curtalls Suffers for your base sinnes. d. A drab. [Perhaps referring to short skirts.] ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > a prostitute meretrixOE whoreOE soiled dovea1250 common womanc1330 putec1384 bordel womanc1405 putaina1425 brothelc1450 harlot?a1475 public womanc1510 naughty pack?1529 draba1533 cat1535 strange woman1535 stew1552 causey-paikera1555 putanie?1566 drivelling1570 twigger1573 punka1575 hackney1579 customer1583 commodity1591 streetwalker1591 traffic1591 trug1591 hackster1592 polecat1593 stale1593 mermaid1595 medlar1597 occupant1598 Paphian1598 Winchester goose1598 pagan1600 hell-moth1602 aunt1604 moll1604 prostitution1605 community1606 miss1606 night-worm1606 bat1607 croshabell1607 prostitute1607 pug1607 venturer1607 nag1608 curtal1611 jumbler1611 land-frigate1611 walk-street1611 doll-common1612 turn-up1612 barber's chaira1616 commonera1616 public commonera1616 trader1615 venturea1616 stewpot1616 tweak1617 carry-knave1623 prostibule1623 fling-dusta1625 mar-taila1625 night-shadea1625 waistcoateera1625 night trader1630 coolera1632 meretrician1631 painted ladya1637 treadle1638 buttock1641 night-walker1648 mob?1650 lady (also girl, etc.) of the game1651 lady of pleasure1652 trugmullion1654 fallen woman1659 girlc1662 high-flyer1663 fireship1665 quaedama1670 small girl1671 visor-mask1672 vizard-mask1672 bulker1673 marmalade-madam1674 town miss1675 town woman1675 lady of the night1677 mawks1677 fling-stink1679 Whetstone whore1684 man-leech1687 nocturnal1693 hack1699 strum1699 fille de joie1705 market-dame1706 screw1725 girl of (the) town1733 Cytherean1751 street girl1764 monnisher1765 lady of easy virtue1766 woman (also lady) of the town1766 kennel-nymph1771 chicken1782 stargazer1785 loose fish1809 receiver general1811 Cyprian1819 mollya1822 dolly-mop1834 hooker1845 charver1846 tail1846 horse-breaker1861 professional1862 flagger1865 cocodette1867 cocotte1867 queen's woman1871 common prostitute1875 joro1884 geisha1887 horizontal1888 flossy1893 moth1896 girl of the pavement1900 pross1902 prossie1902 pusher1902 split-arse mechanic1903 broad1914 shawl1922 bum1923 quiff1923 hustler1924 lady of the evening1924 prostie1926 working girl1928 prostisciutto1930 maggie1932 brass1934 brass nail1934 mud kicker1934 scupper1935 model1936 poule de luxe1937 pro1937 chromo1941 Tom1941 pan-pan1949 twopenny upright1958 scrubber1959 slack1959 yum-yum girl1960 Suzie Wong1962 mattress1964 jamette1965 ho1966 sex worker1971 pavement princess1976 parlour girl1979 crack whore1990 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Caignardiere, a hedge-whore, lazie queane, lowsie trull, filthie curtall, Doxie, Morte. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Curtail, a Drab, or nasty Slut. II. 1500s courtault, curtald, cortoute, 1500s–1600s curtall, 1600s cortal; plural 1500s–1600s curtaux, -tawes, -towes. 4. a. A kind of cannon with a comparatively short barrel, in use in the 16th and 17th centuries. The demi-curtall or half curtall, and double curtall were smaller and larger varieties. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > small or short pieces murderer1495 curtala1509 minion1513 passe-volant1513 pikmoyane1513 saker1521 base1539 robinet1547 quarter cannon?a1549 bersec1550 murdresarc1550 yetling1558 battardc1565 demi-cannon1577 calabass1578 double curtal1582 demi-culverin1587 rabinet1596 murdering piece1601 drake1627 putter1646 cartow1650 putterlingc1650 minion drakea1661 cut1672 under-saker1678 murther1688 carronade1779 carthoun1849 a1509 Ramsay Let. to Hen. VII in Pinkerton Hist. Scot. II. 440 (Jam.) ij great curtaldis that war send out of France. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 448/1 They bended agaynst the castell ten courtaultes and fyftene serpentynes. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cxxi Bombardes, curtawes, & demy curtaux. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cxxvij^v One pece of ordinaunce called a Curtall. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cxxxvj^v Double Curtalles. 1629 tr. S. Pelegromius Descr. S'hertogenbosh 36 The Enemies did shoot aboue 110 shot with halfe Curtowes. 1664 Floddan Field ii. 18 Culverings and Cortals great, And double Canons two or three. b. curtal-sonnet n. (see quot. a1889). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > lyric poem > [noun] > lyric of fixed verse form > sonnet > types of sonnet caudated sonnet1886 curtal-sonneta1889 a1889 G. M. Hopkins Poems (1918) Pref. 6 Nos. 13 and 22 are Curtal-Sonnets, that is they are constructed in proportions resembling those of the sonnet proper, namely 6 + 4 instead of 8 + 6, with however a halfline tailpiece (so that the equation is rather ¹²/ ₈ + ⁹/ ₂ = ²¹/ ₂ = 10¹/ ₂). III. 1500s curtoll, 1600s–1700s courtel, 1700s curtail, -till, curtal, ( 1700s–1800s courtaud, -aut). 5. An obsolete musical instrument, a kind of bassoon; also an organ stop of similar quality of tone; also double curtal. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > small or short pieces murderer1495 curtala1509 minion1513 passe-volant1513 pikmoyane1513 saker1521 base1539 robinet1547 quarter cannon?a1549 bersec1550 murdresarc1550 yetling1558 battardc1565 demi-cannon1577 calabass1578 double curtal1582 demi-culverin1587 rabinet1596 murdering piece1601 drake1627 putter1646 cartow1650 putterlingc1650 minion drakea1661 cut1672 under-saker1678 murther1688 carronade1779 carthoun1849 society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > woodwind instruments > [noun] > reed instrument > bassoon-like instruments bombard1393 curtal1582 sordun1876 pommer1878 dulcian1891 sordume1955 bombardo- society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > reed-stop > specific regal1555 curtal1582 trumpet1659 cremona1660 cromorne1694 hautboyc1700 horn1722 serpent1730 dulcian1773 zinke1773 trumpet stop1795 musette1825 fagotto1832 oboe1834 trombone1837 physharmonica1838 cornopean1840 ophicleide1842 posaune1843 button regal1852 shawm1852 vox angelica1852 busaun1855 bombardon1856 tuba1858 bombard1876 clarinet1876 rackett1876 tenoroon1876 clarionet1880 krummhorn1880 1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum 423/1 (margin) The common bleting musicke is y^e Drone, Hobius, and Curtoll. 168. Let. in J. Hawkins Gen. Hist. Music (1776) V. 355 Then Mr. Harris challenged Father Smith to make additional stops..these were the Vox-humane, the Cremona or Violin stop, the double Courtel or base Flute. 1706 E. Ward Hudibras Redivivus II. v. 24 With Voice as hoarse as double Curtal. 1776 J. Hawkins Gen. Hist. Music IV. ix. 139 An instrument, called, by reason of its shortness, the Courtaut. 1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 124/2 Courtaut, Cortaud, Corthal, an ancient instrument of the bassoon kind. B. adj. Also 1500s–1600s curtall, -toll. 1. Of horses: Having the tail docked; made a curtal. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [adjective] > having particular type of tail docked1408 stug-tailed1575 curtal1576 curtailed1591 bushya1609 bobbed1658 undocked1677 flisk1680 rat-tailed1684 strunted1688 bob1709 cocktailed1763 switched1769 cocked1775 nick-tailed1840 1576 Inventory in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 377 A curtall nagge. 1578 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 396 One grey trotting curtoll mare. 1632 Thomas of Reading in W. J. Thoms Early Eng. Prose Romances (1858) I. 146 If he ware a long taile, he would make him curtall. a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1883) I. 208 A Dun Curtall horse with a white head and black mane. 2. Of dogs: Having the tail cut short or cut off. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dog > [adjective] > having specific type parts sawinga1398 prick-eareda1425 well hanged1592 curtal1599 well-hung1611 unwormeda1625 uncropped1802 undocked1802 ring-tailed1821 apple-headed1854 gay1894 1599 W. Shakespeare et al. Passionate Pilgrime (new ed.) sig. C7 My curtaile dogge that wont to haue plaid, Plaies not at all but seemes afraid. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. ii. 151 I thinke..she had transform'd me to a Curtull dog, & made me turne i'th wheele. View more context for this quotation a1663 R. Hood & Curtal Fryer xxxiv, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1888) III. v. 125/2 The curtal dogs, so taught they were, They kept their arrows in their mouth. 3. Shortened, short in linear dimension. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > shortness > [adjective] > shortened docked1408 abbreviatec1425 abridged?c1430 shorted1483 abbreviatedc1487 curtailed1561 curted1568 curtala1592 shortened1598 curt1665 brief1668 curtate1893 a1592 R. Greene Hist. Orlando Furioso (1594) sig. Fiv^v Why hast thou mard my sword? The pummells well, the blade is curtald short. 1614 W. Camden Remaines (rev. ed.) 233 A new round curtall weede which they called a Cloake. 1630 J. Taylor Vertue of Tayle in Wks. ii. 128/2 He notes the curtall cannes halfe fild with froth. 4. Abridged, curtailed; brief, scant, curt. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > conciseness > [adjective] > compressed contract1561 cutted1565 curtal1579 contracted1595 astrict1631 compressed1822 condensed1823 syncopated1897 capsule1938 1579 W. Fulke Refut. Rastels Confut. in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 750 There needeth none other creed..but onely this short curtall creed. 1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 623/1 Wee muste not take this so short and curtall a passage for a life. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xiiii. 138 Matters of this moment..were not to be..determin'd heer by Essays and curtal Aphorisms. a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 255 A thankless countrey's curtal love. 5. Of the nature of a curtal or drab: see sense A. 3d. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [adjective] > relating to or of nature of prostitute strumpeta1382 priestybulous?1545 prostibulous?1545 curtal1595 Cyprian1787 hetaeric1868 pom-pom1945 1595 Pleasant Quippes for Vpstart Gentle-women sig. B3^v Next, curtaile-flurt, as ranke as beast. 6. curtal friar n. apparently a friar with a short frock; cf. quot. 1575 at sense A. 3b.Applied in ballads to the friar (Tuck) who plays a part in some Robin Hood stories, called also ‘cutted friar’. Hence, as a vague archaism, in Scott. [The conjecture that curtal here means curtilanus, as ‘having the care and keeping of the curtile or vegetable garden’, is inadmissible.] ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > friar > [noun] > with short frock cutted friarc1460 curtal friarc1610 c1610 Ballad (Pepysian Libr. I. No. 37) The famous Battelle betweene Robin Hood and the Curtall Fryer. a1663 R. Hood & Curtal Fryer vi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1888) III. v. 124/1 There lives a curtal frier in Fountains Abby Will beat both him and thee. a1663 R. Hood & Curtal Fryer xiii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1888) III. v. 124/2 Carry me over the water, thou curtal frier. 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. ii. 35 Now, sirs, who hath seen our chaplain? where is our curtal Friar? 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. ii. 53 Curtal Priest..thou hast been at a wet mass this morning. 1888 F. J. Child Ballads III. v. No. 117 A curtal, or cutted friar, called Friar Tuck. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.a1509
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