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单词 cytoplasm
释义

cytoplasmn.

Brit. /ˈsʌɪtə(ʊ)plaz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈsaɪdəˌplæzəm/
Forms: 1800s cytoplasma, 1800s– cytoplasm.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: cyto- comb. form, -plasm comb. form.
Etymology: < cyto- comb. form + -plasm comb. form, probably after protoplasm n. Compare German Cytoplasma (1863 or earlier; now also Zytoplasma).
Biology.
The contents (protoplasm) of a cell, exclusive of the nucleus; an example or type of this (rare). In early use also: †protoplasm generally (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell substance > [noun] > protoplasm or cytoplasm
biogen1848
protoplasm1848
protoplast1851
matrix1854
cytoplasm1857
plasma1863
bioplasm1869
plasmogen1888
morphoplasm1893
periplasm1925
1857 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 5 144 They [sc. gonidia] represent, as it were, a cytoplasma liberated from the envelopes.
1870 G. Rolleston Forms Animal Life Introd. p. clx The greater part, or even the whole of the body of a Protozoon, may consist simply of Protoplasm, s. Cytoplasm, s. Sarcode.
1889 Nature 24 Oct. 624 The embryo is developed from the whole of the nucleus and more or less of the cytoplasm of the ovum.
1906 Cambr. Nat. Hist. I. 30 In many Sarcodina and some Sporozoa the nucleus gives off small fragments into the cytoplasm or is resolved into them.
1937 Life 13 Sept. 70/1 The cytoplasm is supposedly sterile matter.
1956 R. Carrington Guide Earth Hist. (1958) ix. 89 Feeding is equally simple, minute particles of animal and vegetable matter being surrounded on each side by pseudopods and then incorporated into the cytoplasm.
1994 N.Y. Times 22 Nov. c3/2 A picorna virus commandeers protein-synthesizing machinery inside a cell's cytoplasm.
2008 New Scientist 26 Apr. 29/3 Iridophores combine platelets of a protein called reflectin with layers of cytoplasm to produce iridescent reflections rather like those of butterfly wings.

Derivatives

cytoplasˈmatic adj. [probably after German cytoplasmatisch (1885 or earlier)] = cytoplasmic adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell substance > [adjective] > protoplasm or cytoplasm
protoplasmic1854
protoplastic1855
sarcode1855
sarcodic1864
sarcodal1869
bioplasmic1870
protoplasmatic1872
plasmic1876
cytoplasmic1885
protoplasmal1885
cytoplasmatic1893
intracytoplasmic1916
1893 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 766 The rest of the cell is filled with a cytoplasmatic network.
1961 R. D. Baker Essent. Pathol. iv. 54 This condition is known as cloudy swelling, an enlargement of cells caused by an increase in water content and cytoplasmatic granulation.
2004 Injury 36 695/2 Apoptosis is characterized morphologically by cell shrinking, with cytoplasmatic condensation (apoptotic bodies), nuclear condensation (pycnosis) and DNA-fragmentation.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1857
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