单词 | damp |
释义 | dampn.1 a. An exhalation, a vapour or gas, of a noxious kind. Obsolete except as in 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [noun] > poisonous exhalation damp1480 mephitis1625 miasm1649 miasma1665 the world > matter > gas > [noun] > fumes or vapour > noxious vapour or gas reekeOE air?c1225 damp1480 mephitis1625 smoke1648 effluvium1656 fume1665 miasma1665 mephitic1802 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. lxxv. 58 After this dragon shal come a goot and ther shal come oute of his nostrel a domp that shal betoken honger and grete deth of peple. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 8v The Fennes and Marshes in the heate of the yeere, doo send foorth pestilent and deadly dampes. 1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxliii. 281 All infected in a manner at one instant, by reason of a dampe or miste which arose..within the Castle yeard. b. spec. in coal mines: (a) = choke-damp n.; also called black damp, and suffocating damp. (b) = firedamp n., formerly fulminating damp. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > [noun] > fumes or vapour > explosive gas in mines dampa1592 firedamp1662 fire1672 wildfire1672 fulminating damp1675 dirt1831 sulphur1851 stifle1886 the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [noun] > poisonous exhalation > in mines or stagnant pools dampa1592 stanch1693 suffocating damp1695 stythe1708 surfeit1708 choke-damp1766 afterdamp1813 white damp1817 marsh gas1848 stanch-air1883 the world > matter > gas > [noun] > fumes or vapour > noxious vapour or gas > in mines dampa1592 marsh gas1848 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §375 We see Lights will go out in the Damps of Mines. 1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 44 The Colliers..retired immediately and saved themselves from the eruptions of the Damp. 1670 W. Simpson Hydrol. Ess. 97 A sulphureous damp..which by the flame of a candle..might very probably take fire. 1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 206 One is called the Suffocating, the other the Fulminating Damp. 1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 50 The damp or fiery vapour was conveyed through pipes to the open air, and formed a terrible illumination. ?1790 J. Imison School of Arts (ed. 2) 106 Air that has lost its vivifying spirit is called damp..The dreadful effects of damps are known to such as work in mines. 1836 Scenes of Commerce 334 The miners..also meet with foul air, called by them the black damp..which suffocates the instant it is inhaled. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [noun] misteOE roke1292 vapourc1386 nyle1481 stove1513 fumec1550 rouka1586 misting1604 steam1612 dampa1616 petty-fog1641 smoke1648 brume1694 muga1728 ure1818 nebule1869 nebula1894 moist1903 M1904 clag1940 a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) ii. i. 163 Ere twice in murke and occidentall dampe Moist Hesperus hath quench'd her sleepy Lampe. View more context for this quotation 1739 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 10 Sept. (1965) II. 149 I have lost all my bad Symptoms, and am ready to think I could even bear the damps of London. 1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Second 42 While rising Vapours, and descending Shades, With Damps, and Darkness drown the Spatious Vale. 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad iii. 123 Thou darkening sky, Deepen thy damps, the fiend of death is nigh. 3. a. Moisture (diffused through the air as vapour, or through a solid substance, or condensed upon a surface); dampness, humidity. (The ordinary current sense.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > moisture or humidity > [noun] wetc888 wetec897 wetnessc950 wekea1300 wokeness1340 moistc1387 moistnessc1390 moisturec1390 dank?a1400 humidity1412 wakc1485 waknessc1520 aquosity1528 weakinessa1642 succity1646 fogginess1674 damp1706 1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxli. 240 The coldnesse of stones, and the dampe of the earth, are both verie hurtfull to our bodies.] 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Damp, Moisture, Wetness. 1758 S. Johnson Idler 24 June 89 He..may set at defiance the morning mist, and the evening damp. 1806 T. S. Surr Winter in London III. i. 66 We keep fires in all the rooms by turns, so that no damp has come to the tapestry. 1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice I. i. vi. 44 Mrs. Merton, who was afraid of the damp, preferred staying within. 1875 W. S. Jevons Money xi. 129 To corrode by exposure to air or damp. b. with plural. (Usually more concrete in sense.) ΚΠ 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 42v Howe soeuer the Barne be, you must place it as hie as you may, least the Corne be spoyled with moysture or dampes.] 1721 R. Bradley Philos. Acct. Wks. Nature 166 An Hygrometer in the..Conservatory, by which we might regulate the over Moisture or Damps in the Air of the House. 1797 A. Radcliffe Italian III. v. 141 Cold damps, which hung upon his forehead, betrayed the agony of his mind. 1839 H. W. Longfellow L'Envoi in Voices of Night Amid the chills and damps Of the vast plain where death encamps. 1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. I. 120 Covered with damps, which collected and fell upon us in occasional drops. c. slang. A drink, a ‘wetting’. (damp v. 5b.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [noun] > a drink of strong drink?1490 drink1535 whiff1605 tip1612 wet1719 swilla1731 booze1732 slug1756 whitter1786 intoxication1799 O (or oh) be joyful1823 sneezer1823 north-wester1830 drain1836 damp1837 smile1839 snifter1844 liquor1860 rosiner1871 tiddlywink1880 bevvy1889 gargle1889 snort1889 jolt1904 smahan1914 tincture1914 taste1919 piss1925 drinkie1947 smash1959 shant1960 1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers xxvii. 279 We'll just give ourselves a damp, Sammy. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > [noun] > state of physical stupefaction dazedness1340 excessa1387 stupora1398 stupefaction?a1425 dazingc1522 damp1542 daziness1554 dazzling1581 stupidity1603 stupidity?1615 stupidness1619 stupification1650 dream1717 dazzlement1841 daze1855 dazement1855 lull1856 mazement1901 1542 T. Becon Dauids Harpe 150 b He was in a trauns, that is to say in a dampe, a stupour, abashement, and soden privacion of sence or fealyng. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Traunce or dampe, ecstasis. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 293 Adam by this from the cold sudden damp Recovering, and his scatterd spirits returnd. View more context for this quotation 1668 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 140 [It did] strike him into a damp, and being carried thence in a chaire to his chamber, died the next day. 1711 W. King et al. Vindic. Sacheverell 94 He..struck a damp upon W[hig]g[i]sm, and laid it in a State of Death. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 538. ¶3 I felt a general Damp and a Faintness all over me. 5. A state of dejection; depression of spirits. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] unlustOE sorrowfulnessa1250 heavinessc1275 elengenessec1320 dullnessc1369 tristourc1380 murknessc1390 tristesse1390 faintness1398 ungladnessa1400 droopingc1400 heavity14.. dejectionc1450 terne?a1513 disconsolation1515 descence1526 marea1529 sadness?1537 dumpishness1548 unblessedness1549 dolorousness1553 ruefulness?1574 dolefulness1586 heartlessness1591 languishment1591 mopishness1598 soul-sickness1603 contristation1605 damp1606 gloominess1607 sableness1607 uncheerfulnessa1617 disconsolateness1624 cheerlessnessa1631 dejectedness1633 droopingness1635 disanimation1637 lowness1639 desponsion1641 disconsolacy1646 despondency1653 dispiritedness1654 chagrin1656 demission1656 jawfall1660 weightedness1660 depression1665 disconsolancy1665 grumness1675 despondence1676 despond1678 disheartenednessa1680 glumness1727 low1727 gloom1744 low-spiritedness1754 blue devils1756 black dog1776 humdudgeon1785 blue devilism1787 dispiritude1797 wishtnessc1800 downheartedness1801 blue-devilage1816 dispiritment1827 downcastness1827 depressiveness1832 dolorosity1835 lugubriosity1840 disconsolance1847 down1856 heavy-heartedness1860 lugubriousness1879 sullenness1885 low key1886 melancholia1896 burn-out1903 mokus1924 downness1927 mopiness1927 deflation1933 wallow1934 1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. 22 a Their heartes were stricken into a great dampe, and were so discouraged, that [etc.]. 1702 R. L'Estrange tr. Josephus Jewish Antiq. x. xii, in Wks. 293 The Dread of this Decree, put all People into a General Damp and Silence. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. v. 550 He found a great damp upon the spirit of the Governour. 1760 Impostors Detected I. 13 [This] put a sudden damp to their zeal. 1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella I. i. ix. 336 This news struck a damp into the hearts of the Castilians. 1840 R. Browning Sordello v. 433 This idle damp Befits not. 6. A check, discouragement. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > [noun] > a check or rebuff rebuke?a1513 counterbuff1579 damp1584 check?c1600 turnagain1630 rebuff1672 knock1898 knockback1898 1584 R. Greene Gwydonius f. 19 To dryue him more into dolefull dumpes, she retourned him this dampe. 1642 King Charles I Declar. 12 Aug. 18 Such a dampe of Trade in the Citie. a1699 W. Temple Ess. Pop. Discontents in Wks. (1731) I. 268 Some little Damps would be given to that pestilent Humour and general Mistake. 1769 E. Burke Observ. Late State Nation 33 Those accidents, that cast an occasional damp upon trade. 1832 H. Martineau Life in Wilds vi. 70 A sudden damp seemed to be cast over all the plans. Compounds General attributive. damp-course n. = damp-proof course n. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > [noun] > foundations > parts of foundation stone1651 touching1663 footstone1728 substrate1730 found1818 air drain1833 damp-course1876 damp-proof course1876 foundation-trench1942 foundation deposit1955 1876Damp course [see damp-proof course n.]. 1890 B. A. Whitelegge Hygiene & Public Health vi. 150 A ‘damp-course’ must be provided, that is a continuous horizontal course of glazed earthenware, slate, or other impervious material. ΚΠ 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 41 Which dampe holes breathing out a deadly aire. damp-proof adj. (In sense 3.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > dryness > [adjective] > waterproof or watertight waterthight1387 staunch1412 watertight1489 thight1501 waterfast1518 waterproof1725 drop-dry1844 stanching1852 moisture-proof1867 damp-proof1870 damp-proofed1962 1870 English Mechanic XII. 262 Damp-proof paper.—Can any of your readers inform me where to obtain paper which will be unaffected by constant damp? 1889 F. E. Gretton Memory's Harkback 199 Provided your day be fine, and your shoes damp-proof. damp-proof course n. ‘a course of some impermeable material laid on the foundation walls of a building a short distance above the level of the outside soil, to prevent the damp from rising up the walls’ (Gwilt). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > [noun] > foundations > parts of foundation stone1651 touching1663 footstone1728 substrate1730 found1818 air drain1833 damp-course1876 damp-proof course1876 foundation-trench1942 foundation deposit1955 1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 462/2 A damp-proof course, intended to prevent that rise of damp from the soil in the brickwork... This damp course is formed in various ways, as a layer of asphalt, or asphalt canvas, or some similar material. 1884 Internat. Health Exhib. Official Catal. 50/2 Sanitary Stoneware of every description, including..air-bricks, damp-proof course. 1963 Gloss. Build. Terms (B.S.I.) 17 Damp-proof membrane, a damp-proof course within a floor or flat roof. damp-proofed adj. rendered impervious to damp. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > dryness > [adjective] > waterproof or watertight waterthight1387 staunch1412 watertight1489 thight1501 waterfast1518 waterproof1725 drop-dry1844 stanching1852 moisture-proof1867 damp-proof1870 damp-proofed1962 1962 Times 3 Dec. (Agric. Suppl.) p. iii/4 A damp-proofed floor. damp-proofing n. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [adjective] > through > permeating > permeable > not > rendering damp-proofing1934 1934 H. Hiler Notes Technique Painting i. 38 Any good damp-proofing solution, such as shellac dissolved in petrol, etc. 1962 Listener 22 Mar. 534/2 You can get heat-resisting, mould-resisting, and damp-proofing paints. damp-sheet n. see quot. 1881. ΚΠ 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 126 Damp sheet, a large sheet, placed as a curtain or partition across a gate-road to stop and turn an air-current. damp-worn n. (In sense 3.) ΚΠ 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xviii. 177 The time and damp-worn monuments. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022). dampadj.ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > of poisonous gas or noxious exhalation dampish1577 dampy1600 damp1637 irrespirable1822 the world > matter > gas > [adjective] > of the nature of fumes or vapour > of or relating to or of nature of noxious vapour dampish1577 dampy1600 mephitic1623 damp1637 mephitical1704 mephitized1794 miasmic1822 miasmal1832 miasmatic1835 miasmatical1855 miasmatous1861 miasmous1884 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > [adjective] > bad air > specific smoky1398 mephitic1623 damp1637 mephitical1704 mephitized1794 moted1821 ozoneless1887 motey1893 1637 J. Milton Comus 16 Such are those thick, and gloomie shadows damp Oft seene in Charnell vaults, and Sepulchers. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 8 The air imprison'd also, close and damp, Unwholsom draught. View more context for this quotation 1734 J. Lowther Damp Air in Coal-pit in Philos. Trans. 1733–4 (Royal Soc.) 38 112 It is to be observed that this sort of Vapour, or damp Air, will not take Fire except by Flame. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective] ungladc888 wearyc888 drearyc1000 dreary-moodOE heavyc1000 unmerryOE droopy?c1225 mournc1275 sada1300 languishinga1325 amayedc1330 matec1330 unlightc1330 unblissful1340 lowa1382 mishappyc1390 dullc1393 elengely1393 droopinga1400 heavy-hearteda1400 joylessa1400 sytefula1400 mornifc1400 tristy?c1400 lightless?1406 heartlessa1413 tristc1420 amatec1425 languoring?c1425 mirthlessc1430 heavisome1435 darkc1440 gloomingc1440 comfortlessc1460 amateda1470 chermatc1475 tristfula1492 lustless?1507 dolorous1513 ruthful1513 downcast1521 deject1528 heartsicka1529 lumpisha1535 coolc1540 dowlyc1540 glum1547 discouraged1548 uncheerfulc1555 dumpish1560 out of heart1565 sadded1566 amoped1573 tristive1578 desolated1580 dejected1581 à la mort1586 delightless1589 afflicted1590 gladless1590 groanful1590 gloomya1593 muddy1592 sitheful1592 cloudy1594 leaden-hearted1596 disconsolated1598 clum1599 life-weary1599 spiritless1600 dusky1602 chop-fallen1604 flat1604 disanimated1605 jaw-fallen1605 moped1606 chap-fallen1608 decheerful1608 uncheerful1612 lacklustrea1616 pulled1616 dumpya1618 depressed1621 head-hung1632 grum1640 downa1644 dispirited1647 down-at-mouth1649 down in (rarely of) the mouth1649 unhearted1650 sunlessa1658 sadful1658 unlightened1659 chagrin1665 saddened1665 damp1667 moping1674 desponding1688 tristitious1694 unenjoying1697 unraised1697 unheartya1699 unked1698 despondent1699 dismal1705 unjoyful1709 unrejoiced1714 dreara1717 disheartened1720 mumpish1721 unrejoicing1726 downhearted1742 out of spirits1745 chagrineda1754 low-spirited1753 sombrea1767 black-blooded1771 glumpy1780 oorie1787 sombrous1789 morose1791 Novemberish1793 glumpish1800 mopeful1800 die-away1802 blue-devilish1804 blue-devilled1807 malagrugrous1818 down in the hip1826 yonderly1828 sunshineless1831 downfaced1832 broody1851 in a (or the) trough1856 blue-devilly1871 drooped1873 glummy1884 pippy1886 humpy1889 pipped1914 lousy1933 pissed1943 crappy1956 doomy1961 bummed1970 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > [adjective] > physically stupefied amazedOE astoundc1315 stonieda1340 dareda1400 dazedc1400 stupefact?a1425 adasedc1450 dolda1500 dazinga1533 dazzling1571 stupid1571 fordulled1591 entranced1594 torpid1656 damp1667 stuporous1712 rammista1838 stuporose1879 dazy1880 sent1940 like a stunned mullet1953 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 523 With looks Down cast and damp . View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 65 Mee damp horror chil'd. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 364 The trembling Trojans hear; O're-spread with a damp Sweat, and holy Fear. 1847 J. Martineau Endeavours Christian Life II. xviii. 299 Murky doubts and damp short-sightedness. 1855 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes II. xvi. 159 The dinner..was rather a damp entertainment. 3. Slightly wet as with steam, suspended vapour, dew, or mist; holding water in suspension or absorption; moist, humid. (The ordinary current sense.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > moisture or humidity > [adjective] > humid humidc1550 humoral1602 dampisha1642 vapid1660 damp1706 moothy1878 the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective] moista1382 moistfula1398 undriedc1440 wak1513 mocha1522 humorous1526 humidc1550 dabby1581 fat1598 unparched1599 moistish1610 dampisha1642 weakya1642 rafty1655 dampya1691 damp1706 mochy1794 danky1820 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) To Damp, to make damp, or moist. 1735 G. Berkeley Querist §412 A cold, damp, sordid habitation, in the midst of a bleak country. 1748 Acct. Voy. for Discov. North-west Passage I. 21 The Weather..disagreeably damp from the great Wetting of the Fog. 1874 C. Kingsley Lett. (1878) II. 429 We have come out of intense winter into damp spring. 1894 N.E.D. at Damp Mod. A cold caught by sleeping in a damp bed. 4. As quasi-adv. in damp-dry v. trans. and intr., to dry to the state of being only damp. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > dryness > become dry [verb (intransitive)] > partially damp-dry1956 the world > matter > liquid > dryness > dry [verb (transitive)] > partially damp-dry1956 1956 N.Y. Times 15 Jan. 65 (advt.) It automatically fills, washes, rinses, damp dries, shuts itself off! 1960 Daily Mail 9 Feb. 8/8 Incidentally, a spin drier damp dries. 1961 M. Beadle These Ruins are Inhabited (1963) iii. 39 If fed a shilling, this latter [sc. a gas heater] will yield enough warmth to damp-dry socks draped on the rungs of a chair. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). dampv. 1. a. transitive. To affect with ‘damp’, to stifle, choke, extinguish; to dull, deaden (fire, sound, etc.). Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] > cause to lose vitality or vigour languisha1464 castrate1554 damp1564 dead1586 flag1602 wooden1641 dispirit1647 deaden1684 disvigorate1694 devitalize1849 narcotize1852 wilt1855 woodenize1877 abirritate1882 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > non-resonance > non-resonant sound [verb (transitive)] > deaden damp1564 dead1611 deaden1726 absorb1791 muffle1832 mute1841 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > extinguishing fire > extinguish (fire) [verb (transitive)] > choke or smother (a fire) strangle?1527 choke1528 queasom1561 slake?1567 smothera1591 damp1706 stifle1726 1564 A. Bacon tr. J. Jewel Apol. Churche Eng. (1859) Parker Soc. 82 Their own matter is damped, and destroyed in the word of God as if it were in poison [L. in veneno extingui vident et suffocari]. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxiii. 152 An euill morall disposition..dampeth the very light of heauenly illumination. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §147 All shutting in of Air, where there is no competent Vent, dampeth the Sound. 1637 J. Shirley Lady of Pleasure iv. i Her phlegm would quench a furnace, and her breath Would damp a musket ball. 1706 A. van Leeuwenhoek in Philos. Trans. 1704–05 (Royal Soc.) 24 2159 If we take a piece of Wood-coal, that has been damp'd or extinguished. 1818 Blackwood's Mag. 2 528 Having damped his own appetite with a couple of slices. 1894 N.E.D. at Damp Mod. To damp a fire with small coal. b. to damp down (a fire or furnace): to cover or fill it with small coal, ashes, or coke, so as to check combustion and prevent its going out, when not required for some time. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] littleeOE anitherOE wanzelOE lessc1225 slakea1300 littenc1300 aslakec1314 adminisha1325 allayc1330 settle1338 low1340 minisha1382 reprovea1382 abatea1398 rebatea1398 subtlea1398 alaskia1400 forlyten?a1400 imminish14.. lessenc1410 diminish1417 repress?a1425 assuagec1430 scarcec1440 small1440 underslakec1440 alessa1450 debate?c1450 batec1460 decreasec1470 appetisse1474 alow1494 mince1499 perswage?1504 remita1513 inless?1521 attenuate1530 weaken1530 defray1532 mitigate1532 minorate1534 narrow?1548 diminuec1550 extenuate1555 amain1578 exolve1578 base1581 dejecta1586 amoinder1588 faint1598 qualify1604 contract1605 to pull down1607 shrivel1609 to take down1610 disaugment1611 impoverish1611 shrink1628 decoct1629 persway1631 unflame1635 straiten1645 depress1647 reduce1649 detract1654 minuate1657 alloy1661 lower?1662 sinka1684 retreat1690 nip1785 to drive down1840 minify1866 to knock down1867 to damp down1869 scale1887 mute1891 clip1938 to roll back1942 to cut back1943 downscale1945 downrate1958 slim1963 downshift1972 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > make a fire > keep fire going > by covering with ashes or small coal rekec1330 wryc1374 rakea1398 rake1530 to damp down1869 bank1923 1869 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 2nd Ser. 278 Fire which must not be permitted to damp itself down. 1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 20 Feb. 2/1 The notices terminate at the end of the month..and the furnaces will be damped down. 1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 Aug. 1/1 Mr. Gladstone's speeches may tend to damp down the agitation. c. Acoustics, Music, etc. To stop the vibrations of a string or the like; to furnish (the strings of a pianoforte) with dampers. In wider use: to impose or to act as a resisting influence on (an oscillation or vibration of any kind) so that it is either progressively reduced in amplitude or, if the resistance is sufficiently great, converted into non-oscillatory return to an equilibrium position; also used with the oscillating body as object. So to damp out: to damp, to extinguish by damping. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [verb (transitive)] > damp oscillations or oscillating body damp1840 the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > oscillate [verb (transitive)] > impose or act as resisting influence damp1840 dampen1879 the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > stop the movement of > arrest oscillation of > damp oscillation of damp1840 the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > vibration > vibrate [verb (transitive)] > impose or act as resisting influence absorb1791 damp1840 dampen1879 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > play stringed instrument [verb (transitive)] > damp or mute surd1625 damp1840 1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 140 A piece of cloth..to damp or stop the string [in a clavichord]. 1883 A. J. Hipkins in Grove Dict. Music III. 636 The higher treble of the piano is not now damped. 1897 E. L. Nichols & W. S. Franklin Elem. Physics III. xv. 168 The vibrations of a heavy, elastic body, such as a tuning fork, are but slightly damped. 1899 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 192 247 Any natural vibrations of the suspended system would be rapidly damped out. 1927 E. G. Richardson Sound iv. 121 All vibrations of solids of whatever type are damped by internal friction. 1935 F. J. Camm Pract. Motorist's Encycl. 82/2 The leaf-springs of the car's suspension system..damp-out a large proportion of the road shocks and vibrations suffered by the wheels of the car. 1940 Illustr. London News 196 576 I was very impressed by the springing, which damped-out all but exceptionally bad bumps on the road. 1950 Engineering 7 Apr. 397/1 Spring-loaded clamping devices heavily damped by hydraulic means to provide virtually solid clamping. 1957 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 175/1 The low elasticity of the gut causes these high constituents [of the note] to be quickly damped. 1961 W. G. Bickley & A. Talbot Introd. Theory Vibrating Syst. iv. 37 We consider the typical case of a mass m controlled by a spring of stiffness s damped by a resistance proportional to the speed. d. Magnetism. To stop the oscillations of a magnetic needle by placing a mass of conducting metal near it. ΚΠ 1879 W. Thomson & P. G. Tait Treat. Nat. Philos. (new ed.) I: Pt. i. §379 The oscillations of a magnetized needle about its position of equilibrium are ‘damped’ by placing a plate of copper below it. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XX. 348/1 This needle..must be so damped that when the current is cut off it returns to zero at once without over~shooting the mark. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > make emotionally unfeeling [verb (transitive)] > deaden or dull the emotions stupefy?a1425 dullc1440 benumbc1485 slumber?1533 extinguish1540 extinct1542 numb1561 damp1570 hebetate1574 daunt1581 frostbite1593 hebete1597 blunt1600 unedgea1625 engross1626 astonish1635 consopite1647 bate1649 opiate1650 blura1653 hebescate1657 torpefy1808 dozena1810 dullify1838 hebetize1845 chloroform1849 narcotize1852 sodden1863 vastate1892 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > dull (the senses) [verb (transitive)] > stupefy swevec725 amazeOE mazec1390 dazea1400 fordulla1400 stupefy?a1425 dullc1440 entrance1569 damp1570 daunt1581 stupefact1583 trance1597 astound1600 mulla1616 doze1617 soporate1623 consopite1647 obstupefying1660 dozzlea1670 infatuate1712 smoor1718 silly1859 maizel1869 zombify1950 1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. ☞ The fantasies of those hearers, were dampt. 1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 20) 1040 The lusts of the flesh, like the vapours of a replete stomach rising up and damping the braine. 1717 R. Bentley Serm. before King George 8 We may..damp or stifle them [sc. our Faculties] by Sloth and Neglect. 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 5 a The Understanding can never be clear, the Spirits being dampt and stupify'd. 3. To deaden to restrain the ardour or energy of; to depress, deject, discourage, check. a. persons, their spirits, zeal, hopes, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > make dejected [verb (transitive)] drearya1300 discomfortc1325 batec1380 to cast downa1382 to throw downa1382 dullc1386 faintc1386 discomfita1425 discourage1436 sinkc1440 mischeera1450 discheerc1454 amatea1500 bedowa1522 damp1548 quail1548 dash1550 exanimate1552 afflict1561 dank1565 disanimate1565 sadden1565 languish1566 deject1581 dumpc1585 unheart1593 mope1596 chill1597 sour1600 disgallant1601 disheart1603 dishearten1606 fainten1620 depress1624 sullen1628 tristitiate1628 disliven1631 dampen1633 weigh1640 out-spirit1643 dispirit1647 flat1649 funeralize1654 hearta1658 disencourage1659 attrist1680 flatten1683 dismalizec1735 blue-devil1812 out-heart1845 downweigh1851 to get down1861 frigidize1868 languor1891 downcast1914 neg1987 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. iii. (R.) That..they that were puffed vp before..should bee damped, and be brought lowe. 1654 J. Trapp Comm. Job xiii. 15 As that woman of Canaan..who would not be damped or discouraged with Christs..silence. 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 24 Nor shall their scorne spoyle good purposes, by damping my resolutions. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. i. 11 Our hopes of a speedy departure were even now somewhat damped. 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. v. 46 This is the way you always damp my girls and me when we are in Spirits. 1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel I. 166 Sorrow damps my lays. 1876 J. H. Newman Hist. Sketches II. ii. ii. 242 How little his personal troubles had damped his evangelical zeal. 1887 W. P. Frith Autobiogr. I. xxiii. 329 Damped by the indifference of my artist-friends. b. actions, projects, trade, etc. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hinder [verb (transitive)] letc888 shrenchc897 forstanda1000 amarOE disturbc1290 impeachc1380 stopc1380 withstandc1385 hinder1413 accloy1422 hindc1426 to hold abackc1440 appeachc1460 impeditec1535 inhibit1535 obstacle1538 damp1548 trip1548 embarrass1578 dam1582 to clip the wings ofa1593 unhelp1598 uppen1600 straiten1607 rub1608 impediment1610 impedea1616 to put out1616 to put off1631 scote1642 obstruct1645 incommodiate1650 offend1651 sufflaminate1656 hindrance1664 disassist1671 clog1679 muzzle1706 squeeze1804 to take the wind out of the sails of1822 throttle1825 block1844 overslaugh1853 snag1863 gum1901 slow-walk1965 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xvi. (R.) To dampe ye taunting mockes of such persones. 1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 75 To stop and dampe Informations upon Penall Lawes, by procuring Informations by collusion. 1689 C. Mather in Andros Tracts (1869) II. 13 The Courses immediately taken to damp and spoyl our Trade. 1787 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) II. 89 To damp that freedom of communication which the resolution of Congress..was intended to re-establish. 1832 J. Austin Province Jurispr. vi. 320 If they think..that a political institution damps production and accumulation. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [verb (transitive)] bemist1609 dampa1631 gauze1876 a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 116 If my religion did enwrap me in a continuall cloud, damp me in a continuall vapour, smoke me in a continuall sourenesse. 5. a. To make moist or humid, to wet as steam, vapour, mist, or dew does; to moisten. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > make slightly wet [verb (transitive)] aliec1330 humidatec1540 bemoist1567 bemoisten1590 rigate1657 damp1671 deg1673 moistify1786 dampen1827 baste1897 1671 R. Bohun Disc. Wind 14 They [winds from South] damp innen and paper, though never so carefully guarded from the Air. 1774 W. Buchan Domest. Med. (ed. 3) xi. 139 That baneful custom said to be practised in many inns, of damping sheets, and pressing them in order to save washing. a1864 N. Hawthorne Amer. Note-bks. (1879) I. 180 The dew damped the road. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 648 The paper used in printing is always damped before being sent to the press, wet paper taking the ink considerably better than dry. b. reflexive. To take a drink, ‘wet one's whistle’. slang. ΚΠ 1862 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. ii. i. 62 A tent..Where you could go, ef you wuz dry, an' damp ye in a minute. 6. Horticulture. to damp off (intr.): Of plants: To rot or go off from damp; to fog off. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by poor growth > wither [verb (intransitive)] > root-fall or damp off to fog off1802 root-fall1804 to damp off1846 1846 J. W. Loudon Gardening for Ladies 90 Cuttings when thus treated are very apt to damp off. 1881 Gardeners' Chron. 16 690 See that none of the spikes touch the glass or they may speedily damp off. Derivatives damped adj. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > [adjective] > coming to rest > damping or damped of oscillations damped1877 damping1928 1877 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 5th Ser. 3 482 The measurement of a resistance according to Weber's method of ‘damped vibrations’. 1922 R. Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics II. 1040/2 The above methods of detection are appropriate for the reception of damped wave signals but not for continuous wave signals. 1929 E. Mallett Telegr. & Telephony xii. 320 The discharge current is oscillatory and of the ‘damped wave’ form. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > see alsoalso refers to : † damdampn.4 < see also |
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