alewifen.¹

Brit.

/ˈeɪlwʌɪf/, U.S.

/ˈeɪlˌwaɪf/

Inflections: Plural alewives.

Forms: see ale n. and wife n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: ale n., wife n.

Etymology: < ale n. + wife n.

Now chiefly historical.

A woman who brews or sells ale; a female owner or landlady of a public house or tavern. Cf. ale-man n. at ale n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > [noun] > inn or tavern keeping > innkeeper

tappera1000

tapsterc1000

wifeOE

taverner1340

gannekerc1380

tippler1396

alewifec1400

vintnerc1430

alehouse-keeperc1440

ale-taker1454

innholder1463

cellarman1547

ale draper?1593

pint pot1598

ale-man1600

nick-pot1602

tavern-keeper1611

beer-monger1622

kaniker1630

ordinary keeper1644

padrone1670

tap-lash?1680

ale-dame1694

public house keeper1704

bar-keeper1712

publican1728

tavern-man1755

Boniface1795

knight of the spigot1821

licensed victualler1824

thermopolite1832

bar-keep1846

saloon-keeper1849

posadero1851

Wirt1858

bung1860

changer1876

patron1878

bar-tender1883

soda-jerker1883

bar steward1888

pub-keeper1913

c1400 W. Langland Piers Plowman (Cambr. Dd.3.13) (1873) C. ix. l. 330 Ale-wiuys [c1400 Huntington HM 137 Thei wolde non halpeny ale in none wyse drynke Bote of þe best and Brounest þat brewesters sellen].

c1500 Debate Carpenter's Tools in Rev. Eng. Stud. (1987) 38 456 He wones to nyȝe the ale-wyffe.

1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. i. ii. vi. 161 Such slights also have the alewives for the utterance of this drinke.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) Induct. ii. 20 Aske Marrian Hacket the fat Alewife of Wincot, if shee know me not.

1663 J. Heath Flagellum (1672) 17 The Ale-wives of Huntingdon..when they saw him coming would use to cry out to one another, shut up your Dores.

1738 London Mag. May 255/1 I ran in Debt with the Ale-Wife; I must be hang'd.

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 17 A flat silver ring on her finger, like our ale-wives.

1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well II. ix. 148 I think ye might be ashamed of yoursell, that..have nae better to do than to frighten a puir auld alewife.

1865 T. Wright Hist. Caricature & Grotesque viii. 139 The ale-wife is pouring her liquor from her jug.

1906 A. Conan Doyle Sir Nigel vii. 70 The fair alewife gave Nigel a cold farewell because he had no attentions for her.

1954 Poetry June 171 Elsie Marley is grown so fine is the first stanza of a song celebrating an eighteenth-century alewife.

2006 A. L. Martin in M. P. Holt Alcohol vi. 95 The complexities of the brewing process led to the development of large commercial breweries that had no place for the traditional alewife.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

alewifen.²

Brit.

/ˈeɪlwʌɪf/, U.S.

/ˈeɪlˌwaɪf/

Inflections: Plural alewives, unchanged.

Forms:

α. 1600s alewyfe, 1600s aloofes (plural), 1600s 1800s aylwife, 1600s– alewife, 1700s ailwife, 1700s–1800s alewive; U.S. regional (New England) 1700s– ellwife, 1800s– elwife.

β. U.S. regional (New England) 1800s alewhap, 1800s ellwhop, 1900s– alewop, 1900s– ellwop, 1900s– elwop.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: alewife n.¹

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Probably an extended use of alewife n.¹, with reference to the large belly of the fish.Compare the following, and also quot. 1671:1674 J. Josselyn Acct. Two Voy. 107 The Alewife is like a herrin, but has a bigger bellie therefore called an Alewife.It was formerly sometimes suggested that the word may derive < an Amerindian language, apparently on the basis of the following quot., which mentions the form aloofes (plural) in connection with Native Americans:1679 J. Winthrop in Philos. Trans. 1677 (Royal Soc.) 12 1066 Where the ground is bad or worn out, the Indians used to put two or three of the forementioned fishes, under or adjacent to each corn-hill...The English have learned the like husbandry, where these aloofes come up in great plenty. However, no Amerindian etymon has been identified. On the basis of the same passage, it has alternatively been suggested that the word may show a typographical error for alose n. (compare the form allowes at that entry), the name of a closely related fish. An instance of alewife denoting the ‘allis shad’, another closely related fish belonging to the same genus, is recorded in an index of British fish names:1879 T. Satchell Provis. Index Gloss. Fish Names 8 Alosa communis,..Ale-wife.

Originally North American.

A herring or shad of the North American east coast, Alosa pseudoharengus, occurring in both migratory and landlocked forms. Also (U.S. regional): any of several other east coast fishes, chiefly of the herring family Clupeidae.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > other edible fish

dogdrave1227

lamprey1297

lingc1300

loach1357

tench1390

carpc1440

rougetc1485

anchovy1582

pompano1598

tai1620

alewife1633

tug-whitingc1650

weakfish1686

ten-pounder1699

fire-flaira1705

tusk1707

porgy1725

katsuo1727

rockfish1731

tautog1750

sea bass1765

Albany beef1779

sable1810

Murray cod1843

paradise fish1858

spot1864

strawberry bass1867

nannygai1871

maomao1873

spotfish1875

strawberry perch1877

milkfish1880

tarwhine1880

tile-fish1881

latchett1882

tile1893

anago1895

flake1906

branzino1915

rascasse1921

lampuki1925

red fish1951

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Clupeidae and herrings > clupea serrata (ale-wife)

old wife1585

alewife1633

river herring1842

kyak1849

Taunton turkey1851

1633 in New Plymouth Colony Rec. (1855) I. 17 Whereas God, by his providence, hath cast the fish called alewiues or herrings in the middest of the place.

1671 S. Clarke True Acct. Four Chiefest Plant. 37 in Geogr. Descr. (new ed.) Big-bellied Alewives, Macrils richly clad With Rain-bow colours.

1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 90 With these are caught salmon, shad, alewives, smelts and lampreys.

1852 M. H. Perley Rep. Fisheries New Brunswick (ed. 2) 208 The alewive appears in great quantities in the Chesapeake, in March.

1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows 15 The refuse of the gasworks..supplied him [sc. a crow] with dead alewives in abundance.

1931 Amer. Mercury Jan. 68/1 He found a fish called alewife and asked why it was so named. The derivation given him has never been bettered; it is still in Webster.

1976 W. W. Warner Beautiful Swimmers ii. 14 Smaller baskets tightly packed with alewives, as menhaden are locally called, to be used for bait.

2003 Nat. New Eng. Summer 44/3 Striped bass will follow migrating alewife for many miles.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alewife
释义	alewifen.¹ Brit. /ˈeɪlwʌɪf/, U.S. /ˈeɪlˌwaɪf/ Inflections: Plural alewives. Forms: see ale n. and wife n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: ale n., wife n. Etymology: < ale n. + wife n. Now chiefly historical. A woman who brews or sells ale; a female owner or landlady of a public house or tavern. Cf. ale-man n. at ale n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > [noun] > inn or tavern keeping > innkeeper tappera1000 tapsterc1000 wifeOE taverner1340 gannekerc1380 tippler1396 alewifec1400 vintnerc1430 alehouse-keeperc1440 ale-taker1454 innholder1463 cellarman1547 ale draper?1593 pint pot1598 ale-man1600 nick-pot1602 tavern-keeper1611 beer-monger1622 kaniker1630 ordinary keeper1644 padrone1670 tap-lash?1680 ale-dame1694 public house keeper1704 bar-keeper1712 publican1728 tavern-man1755 Boniface1795 knight of the spigot1821 licensed victualler1824 thermopolite1832 bar-keep1846 saloon-keeper1849 posadero1851 Wirt1858 bung1860 changer1876 patron1878 bar-tender1883 soda-jerker1883 bar steward1888 pub-keeper1913 c1400 W. Langland Piers Plowman (Cambr. Dd.3.13) (1873) C. ix. l. 330 Ale-wiuys [c1400 Huntington HM 137 Thei wolde non halpeny ale in none wyse drynke Bote of þe best and Brounest þat brewesters sellen]. c1500 Debate Carpenter's Tools in Rev. Eng. Stud. (1987) 38 456 He wones to nyȝe the ale-wyffe. 1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. i. ii. vi. 161 Such slights also have the alewives for the utterance of this drinke. a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) Induct. ii. 20 Aske Marrian Hacket the fat Alewife of Wincot, if shee know me not. View more context for this quotation 1663 J. Heath Flagellum (1672) 17 The Ale-wives of Huntingdon..when they saw him coming would use to cry out to one another, shut up your Dores. 1738 London Mag. May 255/1 I ran in Debt with the Ale-Wife; I must be hang'd. 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 17 A flat silver ring on her finger, like our ale-wives. 1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well II. ix. 148 I think ye might be ashamed of yoursell, that..have nae better to do than to frighten a puir auld alewife. 1865 T. Wright Hist. Caricature & Grotesque viii. 139 The ale-wife is pouring her liquor from her jug. 1906 A. Conan Doyle Sir Nigel vii. 70 The fair alewife gave Nigel a cold farewell because he had no attentions for her. 1954 Poetry June 171 Elsie Marley is grown so fine is the first stanza of a song celebrating an eighteenth-century alewife. 2006 A. L. Martin in M. P. Holt Alcohol vi. 95 The complexities of the brewing process led to the development of large commercial breweries that had no place for the traditional alewife. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). alewifen.² Brit. /ˈeɪlwʌɪf/, U.S. /ˈeɪlˌwaɪf/ Inflections: Plural alewives, unchanged. Forms: α. 1600s alewyfe, 1600s aloofes (plural), 1600s 1800s aylwife, 1600s– alewife, 1700s ailwife, 1700s–1800s alewive; U.S. regional (New England) 1700s– ellwife, 1800s– elwife. β. U.S. regional (New England) 1800s alewhap, 1800s ellwhop, 1900s– alewop, 1900s– ellwop, 1900s– elwop. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: alewife n.¹ Etymology: Origin uncertain. Probably an extended use of alewife n.¹, with reference to the large belly of the fish.Compare the following, and also quot. 1671:1674 J. Josselyn Acct. Two Voy. 107 The Alewife is like a herrin, but has a bigger bellie therefore called an Alewife.It was formerly sometimes suggested that the word may derive < an Amerindian language, apparently on the basis of the following quot., which mentions the form aloofes (plural) in connection with Native Americans:1679 J. Winthrop in Philos. Trans. 1677 (Royal Soc.) 12 1066 Where the ground is bad or worn out, the Indians used to put two or three of the forementioned fishes, under or adjacent to each corn-hill...The English have learned the like husbandry, where these aloofes come up in great plenty. However, no Amerindian etymon has been identified. On the basis of the same passage, it has alternatively been suggested that the word may show a typographical error for alose n. (compare the form allowes at that entry), the name of a closely related fish. An instance of alewife denoting the ‘allis shad’, another closely related fish belonging to the same genus, is recorded in an index of British fish names:1879 T. Satchell Provis. Index Gloss. Fish Names 8 Alosa communis,..Ale-wife. Originally North American. A herring or shad of the North American east coast, Alosa pseudoharengus, occurring in both migratory and landlocked forms. Also (U.S. regional): any of several other east coast fishes, chiefly of the herring family Clupeidae. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > other edible fish dogdrave1227 lamprey1297 lingc1300 loach1357 tench1390 carpc1440 rougetc1485 anchovy1582 pompano1598 tai1620 alewife1633 tug-whitingc1650 weakfish1686 ten-pounder1699 fire-flaira1705 tusk1707 porgy1725 katsuo1727 rockfish1731 tautog1750 sea bass1765 Albany beef1779 sable1810 Murray cod1843 paradise fish1858 spot1864 strawberry bass1867 nannygai1871 maomao1873 spotfish1875 strawberry perch1877 milkfish1880 tarwhine1880 tile-fish1881 latchett1882 tile1893 anago1895 flake1906 branzino1915 rascasse1921 lampuki1925 red fish1951 the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Clupeidae and herrings > clupea serrata (ale-wife) old wife1585 alewife1633 river herring1842 kyak1849 Taunton turkey1851 1633 in New Plymouth Colony Rec. (1855) I. 17 Whereas God, by his providence, hath cast the fish called alewiues or herrings in the middest of the place. 1671 S. Clarke True Acct. Four Chiefest Plant. 37 in Geogr. Descr. (new ed.) Big-bellied Alewives, Macrils richly clad With Rain-bow colours. 1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 90 With these are caught salmon, shad, alewives, smelts and lampreys. 1852 M. H. Perley Rep. Fisheries New Brunswick (ed. 2) 208 The alewive appears in great quantities in the Chesapeake, in March. 1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows 15 The refuse of the gasworks..supplied him [sc. a crow] with dead alewives in abundance. 1931 Amer. Mercury Jan. 68/1 He found a fish called alewife and asked why it was so named. The derivation given him has never been bettered; it is still in Webster. 1976 W. W. Warner Beautiful Swimmers ii. 14 Smaller baskets tightly packed with alewives, as menhaden are locally called, to be used for bait. 2003 Nat. New Eng. Summer 44/3 Striped bass will follow migrating alewife for many miles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹c1400n.²1633
随便看	θ98039 θ9804 θ98040 θ98041 θ98042 θ98043 θ98044 θ98045 θ98046 θ98047 θ98048 θ98049 θ9805 θ98050 θ98051 θ98052 θ98053 θ98054 θ98055 θ98056 θ98057 θ98058 θ98059 θ9806 θ98060

alewifen.1

alewifen.2

alewifen.¹

alewifen.²