-bysuffix

Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element and the vowel is likely to be reduced accordingly.

Forms:

α. 1500s -sbye, 1500s–1600s -sbie, 1500s– -sby, 1600s -sbey, 1600s–1700s -sbee.

β. 1500s–1600s -bee, 1500s–1700s -bie, 1500s– -by.

Origin: From proper names. Etymons: proper names Crosby, Littleby, Slingsby, Spilsby, Thoresby.

Etymology: Humorously < -(s)by in surnames (such as Crosby, Slingsby, Thoresby, etc.), which are in turn < place names of early Scandinavian origin ending in -by (see by n.¹). Such use was probably prompted especially by surnames of this type which lent themselves to punning reinterpretation, such as Littleby or SpilsbyFormations are found from the mid 16th century and are especially frequent in the 16th and 17th centuries. The suggestion that the suffix derives < boy n.¹ is unconvincing on formal grounds. Compare also such descriptive nicknames as chatterbox n., butterfingers n., lazybones n., sly-boots n. With the α. forms compare also -sy suffix².

Forming descriptive personal appellations, playful or derisive, as idleby, idlesby (= idler, Mr. Idleness), lewdsby, litherby, rudesby, sneaksby, sureby, suresby, wigsby (wearer of a wig), etc.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	-by
释义	-bysuffix Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element and the vowel is likely to be reduced accordingly. Forms: α. 1500s -sbye, 1500s–1600s -sbie, 1500s– -sby, 1600s -sbey, 1600s–1700s -sbee. β. 1500s–1600s -bee, 1500s–1700s -bie, 1500s– -by. Origin: From proper names. Etymons: proper names Crosby, Littleby, Slingsby, Spilsby, Thoresby. Etymology: Humorously < -(s)by in surnames (such as Crosby, Slingsby, Thoresby, etc.), which are in turn < place names of early Scandinavian origin ending in -by (see by n.¹). Such use was probably prompted especially by surnames of this type which lent themselves to punning reinterpretation, such as Littleby or SpilsbyFormations are found from the mid 16th century and are especially frequent in the 16th and 17th centuries. The suggestion that the suffix derives < boy n.¹ is unconvincing on formal grounds. Compare also such descriptive nicknames as chatterbox n., butterfingers n., lazybones n., sly-boots n. With the α. forms compare also -sy suffix². Forming descriptive personal appellations, playful or derisive, as idleby, idlesby (= idler, Mr. Idleness), lewdsby, litherby, rudesby, sneaksby, sureby, suresby, wigsby (wearer of a wig), etc. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < suffix
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