decompositionn.

/diːkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/

Etymology: noun of action < decompound adj. and n. and decompose v., with the respective senses of the prefix in these words: compare decomposite adj. and n. Modern French has décomposition in sense 2, of date 1694 in Acad. Dict., whence perhaps the English uses. For the adventitious association of compose v. and composition n., see these words.

I. Allied to decomposite adj. and n.: with de- prefix 1e.

†1. Further composition or compounding; compounding of things already composite. (Cf. decomplex adj., decompound adj. and n.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > construction > things already composite

decomposition1659

1659 O. Walker Some Instr. Art of Oratory 52 The English..hath an elegant way of expressing them [Epithets]..in a dexterous decomposition of two, or three words together. As: Tast-pleasing-fruits.

1674 R. Boyle About Excellency & Grounds Mech. Hypothesis 11 in Excellency Theol. The almost innumerable diversifications, that compositions and decompositions may make of a small number, not perhaps exceeding twenty, of distinct things.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iv. iv. 285 The many decompositions that go to the making up the complex Ideas of those Modes.

II. Allied to decompose v.: with de- prefix 1f.

2. The action or process of decomposing, separation or resolution (of anything) into its constituent elements.

a. Used of the separation of substances into their chemical elements, of light into the prismatic colours. decomposition of forces, in Dynamics = resolution n.¹ of forces.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or breaking up into constituent parts > [noun]

resolutiona1398

resolvinga1398

anatomya1569

analysis1588

analysing1600

retexture1620

principiationa1626

solution1655

analysation1698

decomposure1744

decomposition1762

disarticulation1902

1762 Universal Mag. Jan. 12 If then the vinegar be used for precipitating it, there will be scarce any further decomposition of this magistery.

1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. IV. xli. 146 The decomposition of forces into parallelograms.

1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. I. 53 Hydrogen gas..is always produced in the greatest purity by the decomposition of water.

1828 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) II. 142 Called the decomposition, or the resolution of forces.

1831 D. Brewster Treat. Optics vii. 66 In the decomposition and recomposition of white light.

1860 Thomson in F. C. Bowen Logic x. 348 Chemistry..the science of the decomposition and combinations of the various substances that compose and surround the earth.

b. The natural dissolution of compound bodies; disintegration; the process or condition of organic decay; putrescence.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [noun] > decomposition, melting, or crumbling away

dissolutiona1398

resolution1533

mouldering1562

dissipation1597

deordination1686

decomposition1777

disintegration1794

chemolysis1872

biolysis1897

biodegradation1941

breakdown1959

biodeterioration1960

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [noun] > process of

rottingOE

corruption1377

rotc1384

putrefactiona1400

putrification1548

putriture1569

tainting1593

decay1594

putrescence1646

decomposition1777

sepsis1813

1777 J. Priestley Disquis. Matter & Spirit xiii. 161 Death, with its..dispersion of parts, is only a decomposition.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 77 This ancient rocky substance, and the sand produced by its decomposition.

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. ix. 192 I have always been inclined to consider that the phosphorescence was the result of the decomposition of the organic particles.

1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times iii. 69 The bones were in such a state of decomposition, that the ribs and vertebræ crumbled into dust.

c. figurative of immaterial things.

ΚΠ

1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting I. iii. 48 Allegoric personages are a poor decomposition of human nature.

1797 E. Burke Remarks Policy Allies in Three Memorials on French Affairs 164 In France..in the decomposition of society.

1874 A. H. Sayce Princ. Compar. Philol. vi. 240 It is very possible that the Aryan roots are capable of still further decomposition.

Derivatives

decompoˈsitionist n. an advocate or supporter of decomposition, e.g. that of an empire, confederation, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific policies or advocacy of > [noun] > other specific policies or advocacy of > supporter of

common holder1565

abolitionist1827

governmentalist1831

destructive1832

annexationist1841

destructionist1841

annexionist1844

decompositionist1849

expansionist1862

disintegrator1865

dissolutionist1882

irredentist1882

disintegrationist1884

isolationist1899

retentionist1899

free fooder1903

laissez-fairist1932

autarkist1938

elitist1938

neo-isolationist1950

non-aligner1963

1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 756 ‘But,’ say the decompositionists, ‘we seek not the destruction of this empire—we agitate not for its abolition.’

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

单词	decomposition
释义	decompositionn. /diːkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/ Etymology: noun of action < decompound adj. and n. and decompose v., with the respective senses of the prefix in these words: compare decomposite adj. and n. Modern French has décomposition in sense 2, of date 1694 in Acad. Dict., whence perhaps the English uses. For the adventitious association of compose v. and composition n., see these words. I. Allied to decomposite adj. and n.: with de- prefix 1e. †1. Further composition or compounding; compounding of things already composite. (Cf. decomplex adj., decompound adj. and n.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > construction > things already composite decomposition1659 1659 O. Walker Some Instr. Art of Oratory 52 The English..hath an elegant way of expressing them [Epithets]..in a dexterous decomposition of two, or three words together. As: Tast-pleasing-fruits. 1674 R. Boyle About Excellency & Grounds Mech. Hypothesis 11 in Excellency Theol. The almost innumerable diversifications, that compositions and decompositions may make of a small number, not perhaps exceeding twenty, of distinct things. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iv. iv. 285 The many decompositions that go to the making up the complex Ideas of those Modes. II. Allied to decompose v.: with de- prefix 1f. 2. The action or process of decomposing, separation or resolution (of anything) into its constituent elements. a. Used of the separation of substances into their chemical elements, of light into the prismatic colours. decomposition of forces, in Dynamics = resolution n.¹ of forces. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or breaking up into constituent parts > [noun] resolutiona1398 resolvinga1398 anatomya1569 analysis1588 analysing1600 retexture1620 principiationa1626 solution1655 analysation1698 decomposure1744 decomposition1762 disarticulation1902 1762 Universal Mag. Jan. 12 If then the vinegar be used for precipitating it, there will be scarce any further decomposition of this magistery. 1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. IV. xli. 146 The decomposition of forces into parallelograms. 1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. I. 53 Hydrogen gas..is always produced in the greatest purity by the decomposition of water. 1828 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) II. 142 Called the decomposition, or the resolution of forces. 1831 D. Brewster Treat. Optics vii. 66 In the decomposition and recomposition of white light. 1860 Thomson in F. C. Bowen Logic x. 348 Chemistry..the science of the decomposition and combinations of the various substances that compose and surround the earth. b. The natural dissolution of compound bodies; disintegration; the process or condition of organic decay; putrescence. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [noun] > decomposition, melting, or crumbling away dissolutiona1398 resolution1533 mouldering1562 dissipation1597 deordination1686 decomposition1777 disintegration1794 chemolysis1872 biolysis1897 biodegradation1941 breakdown1959 biodeterioration1960 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [noun] > process of rottingOE corruption1377 rotc1384 putrefactiona1400 putrification1548 putriture1569 tainting1593 decay1594 putrescence1646 decomposition1777 sepsis1813 1777 J. Priestley Disquis. Matter & Spirit xiii. 161 Death, with its..dispersion of parts, is only a decomposition. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 77 This ancient rocky substance, and the sand produced by its decomposition. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. ix. 192 I have always been inclined to consider that the phosphorescence was the result of the decomposition of the organic particles. 1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times iii. 69 The bones were in such a state of decomposition, that the ribs and vertebræ crumbled into dust. c. figurative of immaterial things. ΚΠ 1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting I. iii. 48 Allegoric personages are a poor decomposition of human nature. 1797 E. Burke Remarks Policy Allies in Three Memorials on French Affairs 164 In France..in the decomposition of society. 1874 A. H. Sayce Princ. Compar. Philol. vi. 240 It is very possible that the Aryan roots are capable of still further decomposition. Derivatives decompoˈsitionist n. an advocate or supporter of decomposition, e.g. that of an empire, confederation, etc. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific policies or advocacy of > [noun] > other specific policies or advocacy of > supporter of common holder1565 abolitionist1827 governmentalist1831 destructive1832 annexationist1841 destructionist1841 annexionist1844 decompositionist1849 expansionist1862 disintegrator1865 dissolutionist1882 irredentist1882 disintegrationist1884 isolationist1899 retentionist1899 free fooder1903 laissez-fairist1932 autarkist1938 elitist1938 neo-isolationist1950 non-aligner1963 1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 756 ‘But,’ say the decompositionists, ‘we seek not the destruction of this empire—we agitate not for its abolition.’ This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2019). < n.1659
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