decompressionn.

/diːkəmˈprɛʃən/

Etymology: < de- prefix 2b + compression n.

The process of relieving or reducing pressure.

a. A reduction of the pressure of the air or other gas in an enclosed space; esp. (a) the process of subjecting a diver, etc., who has been in air under pressure to a gradual reduction in pressure in a special chamber until atmospheric pressure is reached; (b) in an aircraft, etc., a reduction of the air-pressure from that of the atmosphere to a lower value, e.g. as a result of a rupture of the cabin during high-altitude flight.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > air > [noun] > air-pressure > pressurization of air or gas > decompression or recompression

recompression1864

decompression1905

pump-down1948

1905 Jrnl. Physiol. 33 Suppl. p. vi (heading) Estimation of the gas set free in the body after rapid decompression from high atmospheric pressures.

1906 Westm. Gaz. 27 Jan. 10/1 The men who controlled the airlocks, and were subjected to compression and decompression every few minutes, were in no case affected.

1939 H. G. Armstrong Aviation Med. xx. 335 The effects of sudden decompressions at less than one atmosphere.

1951 A. Grollman Pharmacol. & Therapeutics xxix. 688 The incidence of ‘divers' bends’ may also be reduced appreciably by using a mixture of helium and oxygen to replace the air in the pressure chamber used in decompression.

1962 J. Glenn in J. Glenn et al. Into Orbit 41 You have one large handle for repressurizing the cabin with oxygen in case of a bad leak, plus another handle to decompress it..in case of fire. (Decompression—or getting rid of the oxygen—is the quickest way to put out a fire.)

b. Surgery. The surgical relief of excessive internal pressure in a part of the body; spec. the removal of a flap of the skull to relieve intercranial pressure.

ΚΠ

1906 Trans. College Physicians (Philadelphia) 3rd Ser. XXVIII. 73 (heading) Cerebral decompression; palliative operations in the treatment of tumors of the brain.

1910 H. Cushing in W. Osler & T. McCrae Mod. Med. VII. 458 When it is desirable to end a fruitless exploration of the hemisphere with a palliative decompression, the osteoplastic flap may be removed in toto.

1925 Literary Digest 27 June 24/1 To reduce most materially the period of ‘decompression’ of divers.

1949 I. Aird Compan. Surg. Stud. xliii. 956 A distended bladder is prone to infection. If catheterization succeeds, gradual decompression is continued for five or seven days.

1966 E. L. Farquharson Textbk. Oper. Surg. (ed. 3) ix. 328 Subtemporal decompression was formerly employed as a method of relieving intra-cranial pressure.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

decompression symptom n.

ΚΠ

1907 Jrnl. Physiol. 35 Suppl. p. vi It would seem probable that any animal whose respired gases are conveyed to the cells without the intervention of a circulating liquid should be immune from decompression symptoms.

C2.

decompression chamber n. (a) a chamber in which pressure is reduced gradually to that of the outside air; (b) a chamber in which a person or animal can be subjected to a reduction in the pressure of the air (or oxygen) below that of the atmosphere.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > air > [noun] > air-pressure > chamber between atmospheric and other

air lock1840

lock1840

recompression chamber1907

recompression lock1911

decompression chamber1932

manlock1940

1932 Daily Express 28 Jan. 1/2 The minesweeper Tedworth..is equipped with special decompression chambers and the latest appliances for deep-sea diving.

1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 30 Oct. 564/2 He walks..into a decompression chamber to test his cameras for high altitude work on Mount Everest.

1961 Lancet 26 Aug. 484/1 Concern with..anoxia..led Haldane to expose himself to low oxygen-pressures in decompression chambers.

decompression sickness n. sickness resulting from the effects of too rapid decompression.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > environmental disorders > [noun] > atmospheric pressure

puna1835

mountain sickness1848

soroche1878

caisson disease1883

the bends1894

altitude sickness1901

caisson sickness1911

decompression sickness1941

ebullism1956

1941 Observations on Decompression Sickness in Man (Flying Personnel Res. Comm., Farnborough) 2 The term decompression sickness is retained because it covers the whole range of phenomena that occur, while ‘bends’ refers only to one of many symptoms..while aeroembolism..refers to only one aspect.

1962 Listener 29 Mar. 562/1 Nitrogen narcosis must not be confused with decompression sickness, commonly known as the bends.

1971 Sunday Times 7 Mar. 45/7 Prolonged investigations by the Medical Research Council's experts on decompression sickness.

Draft additions September 2003

Originally and chiefly North American. The process or an instance of recovering from a stressful or restrictive situation, or from a harried, tense, or troubled (emotional or mental) state; relaxation.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > [noun] > relaxation

relaxation1548

unbending1552

relax1597

decompression1951

unwinding1977

1951 L. Bogan Achievement in Amer. Poetry vii. 63 The period was one of general ‘decompression’. America broke away with startling suddenness from a set of oppressive and outmoded ruling ideas; people began to find new uses for their surplus energy. They began to learn how to play.

1972 N.Y. Times 30 Sept. 10/1 The goal..is what has been called the ‘slow decompression’ of the released men [sc. prisoners of war]. By delaying family reunions and emotional encounters..it is hoped to provide the isolation needed for effective medical and psychological treatment.

2001 Times 22 Jan. i. 13/1 One of the things the former President is looking forward to is quiet and decompression time.

Draft additions June 2004

Computing and Electronics. The expansion or restoration of files or digital signals that have previously been compressed. Cf. compression n. Additions b.

ΚΠ

1967 C. M. Kortman in IEEE Spectrum Mar. 137/1 Since decompression is the inverse of compression, redundancy must be reinserted into the signal.

1993 Multichannel News 4 Jan. 29/2 No decompression circuitry is required, since compressed signals on tape would be decoded by the HDTV receiver.

2002 Economist (Nexis) 14 Mar. When a new music-compression format emerges to replace MP3, owners of the player could download, for a fee, a new decompression algorithm for their player from the maker's website.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	decompression
释义	decompressionn. /diːkəmˈprɛʃən/ Etymology: < de- prefix 2b + compression n. The process of relieving or reducing pressure. a. A reduction of the pressure of the air or other gas in an enclosed space; esp. (a) the process of subjecting a diver, etc., who has been in air under pressure to a gradual reduction in pressure in a special chamber until atmospheric pressure is reached; (b) in an aircraft, etc., a reduction of the air-pressure from that of the atmosphere to a lower value, e.g. as a result of a rupture of the cabin during high-altitude flight. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > air > [noun] > air-pressure > pressurization of air or gas > decompression or recompression recompression1864 decompression1905 pump-down1948 1905 Jrnl. Physiol. 33 Suppl. p. vi (heading) Estimation of the gas set free in the body after rapid decompression from high atmospheric pressures. 1906 Westm. Gaz. 27 Jan. 10/1 The men who controlled the airlocks, and were subjected to compression and decompression every few minutes, were in no case affected. 1939 H. G. Armstrong Aviation Med. xx. 335 The effects of sudden decompressions at less than one atmosphere. 1951 A. Grollman Pharmacol. & Therapeutics xxix. 688 The incidence of ‘divers' bends’ may also be reduced appreciably by using a mixture of helium and oxygen to replace the air in the pressure chamber used in decompression. 1962 J. Glenn in J. Glenn et al. Into Orbit 41 You have one large handle for repressurizing the cabin with oxygen in case of a bad leak, plus another handle to decompress it..in case of fire. (Decompression—or getting rid of the oxygen—is the quickest way to put out a fire.) b. Surgery. The surgical relief of excessive internal pressure in a part of the body; spec. the removal of a flap of the skull to relieve intercranial pressure. ΚΠ 1906 Trans. College Physicians (Philadelphia) 3rd Ser. XXVIII. 73 (heading) Cerebral decompression; palliative operations in the treatment of tumors of the brain. 1910 H. Cushing in W. Osler & T. McCrae Mod. Med. VII. 458 When it is desirable to end a fruitless exploration of the hemisphere with a palliative decompression, the osteoplastic flap may be removed in toto. 1925 Literary Digest 27 June 24/1 To reduce most materially the period of ‘decompression’ of divers. 1949 I. Aird Compan. Surg. Stud. xliii. 956 A distended bladder is prone to infection. If catheterization succeeds, gradual decompression is continued for five or seven days. 1966 E. L. Farquharson Textbk. Oper. Surg. (ed. 3) ix. 328 Subtemporal decompression was formerly employed as a method of relieving intra-cranial pressure. Compounds C1. General attributive. decompression symptom n. ΚΠ 1907 Jrnl. Physiol. 35 Suppl. p. vi It would seem probable that any animal whose respired gases are conveyed to the cells without the intervention of a circulating liquid should be immune from decompression symptoms. C2. decompression chamber n. (a) a chamber in which pressure is reduced gradually to that of the outside air; (b) a chamber in which a person or animal can be subjected to a reduction in the pressure of the air (or oxygen) below that of the atmosphere. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > air > [noun] > air-pressure > chamber between atmospheric and other air lock1840 lock1840 recompression chamber1907 recompression lock1911 decompression chamber1932 manlock1940 1932 Daily Express 28 Jan. 1/2 The minesweeper Tedworth..is equipped with special decompression chambers and the latest appliances for deep-sea diving. 1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 30 Oct. 564/2 He walks..into a decompression chamber to test his cameras for high altitude work on Mount Everest. 1961 Lancet 26 Aug. 484/1 Concern with..anoxia..led Haldane to expose himself to low oxygen-pressures in decompression chambers. decompression sickness n. sickness resulting from the effects of too rapid decompression. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > environmental disorders > [noun] > atmospheric pressure puna1835 mountain sickness1848 soroche1878 caisson disease1883 the bends1894 altitude sickness1901 caisson sickness1911 decompression sickness1941 ebullism1956 1941 Observations on Decompression Sickness in Man (Flying Personnel Res. Comm., Farnborough) 2 The term decompression sickness is retained because it covers the whole range of phenomena that occur, while ‘bends’ refers only to one of many symptoms..while aeroembolism..refers to only one aspect. 1962 Listener 29 Mar. 562/1 Nitrogen narcosis must not be confused with decompression sickness, commonly known as the bends. 1971 Sunday Times 7 Mar. 45/7 Prolonged investigations by the Medical Research Council's experts on decompression sickness. Draft additions September 2003 Originally and chiefly North American. The process or an instance of recovering from a stressful or restrictive situation, or from a harried, tense, or troubled (emotional or mental) state; relaxation. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > [noun] > relaxation relaxation1548 unbending1552 relax1597 decompression1951 unwinding1977 1951 L. Bogan Achievement in Amer. Poetry vii. 63 The period was one of general ‘decompression’. America broke away with startling suddenness from a set of oppressive and outmoded ruling ideas; people began to find new uses for their surplus energy. They began to learn how to play. 1972 N.Y. Times 30 Sept. 10/1 The goal..is what has been called the ‘slow decompression’ of the released men [sc. prisoners of war]. By delaying family reunions and emotional encounters..it is hoped to provide the isolation needed for effective medical and psychological treatment. 2001 Times 22 Jan. i. 13/1 One of the things the former President is looking forward to is quiet and decompression time. Draft additions June 2004 Computing and Electronics. The expansion or restoration of files or digital signals that have previously been compressed. Cf. compression n. Additions b. ΚΠ 1967 C. M. Kortman in IEEE Spectrum Mar. 137/1 Since decompression is the inverse of compression, redundancy must be reinserted into the signal. 1993 Multichannel News 4 Jan. 29/2 No decompression circuitry is required, since compressed signals on tape would be decoded by the HDTV receiver. 2002 Economist (Nexis) 14 Mar. When a new music-compression format emerges to replace MP3, owners of the player could download, for a fee, a new decompression algorithm for their player from the maker's website. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.1905
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