defencistdefensistn.adj.

Brit.

/dᵻˈfɛnsɪst/, U.S.

/dəˈfɛnsɪst/,

/diˈfɛnsɪst/

Forms: 1900s– defencist, 1900s– defensist.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Russian lexical item. Etymons: defence n., -ist suffix.

Etymology: < defence n. + -ist suffix, after Russian oborončeskij (1915). Compare defencism n. and also defeatist n.

Russian History

A. n.

Towards the end of the First World War (1914–18): a supporter of the continuation of hostilities by Russia against the Central Powers, rather than the conclusion of a separate peace.

ΚΠ

1918 New Europe 20 June 226 When the war broke out, the Russian Socialists abroad split into two camps: pro-war Socialists, or ‘defencists’, and ‘defeatists’.

1920 E. Antonelli Bolshevist Russia i. ii. 57 Defensist in contradistinction to defeatist, meaning one who advocated continuing the war against Germany for the defence of Russia.

1932 M. Eastman tr. L. Trotsky Hist. Russ. Revol. I. xv. 303 ‘Our slogan is pressure upon the Provisional Government..to induce all the warring countries to open immediate negotiations..and until then every man remains at his fighting post!’ Both the idea and its formulation are those of the defensists.

1963 O. H. Radkey Sickle under Hammer iii. 106 The old antagonism between the ‘defensists’ entrenched in positions of leadership and the ‘internationalists’ seeking a change of policy with respect to the war.

2004 J. D. White Lenin v. 129 A group of Menshevik defencists..distributed a leaflet calling for workers' and soldiers' representatives to meet.

B. adj.

Designating the attitude or policy of supporting the continuation of hostilities by Russia against the Central Powers towards the end of the First World War (1914–18), rather than the conclusion of a separate peace. Also: designating a supporter or adherent of this policy.

ΚΠ

1918 New Europe 20 June 227 His ‘defencist’ ideas were not to the taste of the Soviet leaders, and he was not even admitted as a member of the Soviet.

1919 Daily Northwestern (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 8 May 7/1 At a later stage they assumed a qualified defensist attitude.

1935 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 182 209/2 The defensist policy of the Petrograd Pravda in March and April 1917 is attributed solely to Kamenev.

1978 R. Stites Women's Liberation Movement in Russia ix. 300 Kuskova of the Cooperative Union, made a strong ‘defensist’ speech.

2001 Europe-Asia Stud. 53 141 The defencist group within the Central Committee had a majority of one, and dominated central party policy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	defencist
释义	defencistdefensistn.adj. Brit. /dᵻˈfɛnsɪst/, U.S. /dəˈfɛnsɪst/, /diˈfɛnsɪst/ Forms: 1900s– defencist, 1900s– defensist. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Russian lexical item. Etymons: defence n., -ist suffix. Etymology: < defence n. + -ist suffix, after Russian oborončeskij (1915). Compare defencism n. and also defeatist n. Russian History A. n. Towards the end of the First World War (1914–18): a supporter of the continuation of hostilities by Russia against the Central Powers, rather than the conclusion of a separate peace. ΚΠ 1918 New Europe 20 June 226 When the war broke out, the Russian Socialists abroad split into two camps: pro-war Socialists, or ‘defencists’, and ‘defeatists’. 1920 E. Antonelli Bolshevist Russia i. ii. 57 Defensist in contradistinction to defeatist, meaning one who advocated continuing the war against Germany for the defence of Russia. 1932 M. Eastman tr. L. Trotsky Hist. Russ. Revol. I. xv. 303 ‘Our slogan is pressure upon the Provisional Government..to induce all the warring countries to open immediate negotiations..and until then every man remains at his fighting post!’ Both the idea and its formulation are those of the defensists. 1963 O. H. Radkey Sickle under Hammer iii. 106 The old antagonism between the ‘defensists’ entrenched in positions of leadership and the ‘internationalists’ seeking a change of policy with respect to the war. 2004 J. D. White Lenin v. 129 A group of Menshevik defencists..distributed a leaflet calling for workers' and soldiers' representatives to meet. B. adj. Designating the attitude or policy of supporting the continuation of hostilities by Russia against the Central Powers towards the end of the First World War (1914–18), rather than the conclusion of a separate peace. Also: designating a supporter or adherent of this policy. ΚΠ 1918 New Europe 20 June 227 His ‘defencist’ ideas were not to the taste of the Soviet leaders, and he was not even admitted as a member of the Soviet. 1919 Daily Northwestern (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 8 May 7/1 At a later stage they assumed a qualified defensist attitude. 1935 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 182 209/2 The defensist policy of the Petrograd Pravda in March and April 1917 is attributed solely to Kamenev. 1978 R. Stites Women's Liberation Movement in Russia ix. 300 Kuskova of the Cooperative Union, made a strong ‘defensist’ speech. 2001 Europe-Asia Stud. 53 141 The defencist group within the Central Committee had a majority of one, and dominated central party policy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1918
随便看	θ61546 θ61547 θ61548 θ61549 θ6155 θ61550 θ61551 θ61552 θ61553 θ61554 θ61555 θ61556 θ61557 θ61558 θ61559 θ6156 θ61560 θ61561 θ61562 θ61563 θ61564 θ61565 θ61566 θ61567 θ61568