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单词 delicate
释义

delicateadj.n.

Brit. /ˈdɛlᵻkət/, U.S. /ˈdɛlᵻkət/
Forms:

α. Middle English delicaat, Middle English–1500s delycat, Middle English–1500s dilycate, Middle English–1500s dylycate, Middle English–1600s delicat, Middle English–1600s delycate, Middle English– delicate, 1500s delicatte, 1500s delycat, 1500s dylicate, 1500s–1600s delecate, 1500s–1600s dilicat, 1600s dilicate; also Scottish pre-1700 delecat, pre-1700 deliecat, pre-1700 delycat.

β. Middle English deligat, Middle English diligat, 1600s dilligate; Scottish pre-1700 delegat, pre-1700 deligait, pre-1700 deligat, pre-1700 diligait, pre-1700 diligat, pre-1700 diligate.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin dēlicātus.
Etymology: < classical Latin dēlicātus addicted to pleasure, luxurious, self-indulgent, sumptuous, comfortable, pampered, frivolous, fastidious, elegant, effeminate, dainty, pretty, not robust, of uncertain origin (see note). With use as noun compare delicacy n. and earlier delice n., delight n.Compare Middle French delicat , French délicat (of a person) of a weak or fragile constitution (c1454), (of a thing) delightful, refined, (specifically of food) tasty, delicious (1492), delightful to behold, elegant (a1539), easily damaged (a1549), fussy, fastidious (1567), (of a subject or type of work) difficult, demanding (a1592), (of a person) sensitive, touchy (a1620). Compare also Old Occitan delicat , Old Occitan (Gascon) deliquat , Catalan delicat , Portuguese delicado (all 14th cent.), Spanish delicado , Italian delicato (both 13th cent.), all in similar senses, and also (via French) Middle Dutch delicaet (in delicaetlike carefully, patiently; Dutch delicaat ), German delikat delicious, elegant, fragile, (of a matter) sensitive (late 16th cent.). Compare also (with voicing of medial plosive and syncope) Spanish delgado (12th cent.), Catalan delgat , Portuguese delgado (both 13th cent.), all in the senses ‘prim, thin, slender’. The phonologically regular reflex of classical Latin dēlicātus in Old French was delié fine, slender, delicate (see dely adj.). With use as noun compare classical Latin dēlicātus lover, favourite. Etymology of the Latin adjective. Classical Latin dēlicātus may derive from an unattested variant (in -āre ) of dēlicere to entice (see delight v.; compare -ate suffix2). The adjective was associated with dēliciae (see delice n.), even if the two words are not in fact related. The adjective had undergone considerable development of meaning already in classical Latin, and this development is reflected in the Romance languages, where further extended uses such as ‘slender, slight’ and ‘easily affected or hurt’ arose.
A. adj.
I. Delightful, pleasurable, indulgent, and related senses.
1.
a. That causes pleasure or delight; very pleasing to the senses, luxurious; pleasurable, esp. in a way which promotes calm or relaxation. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > quality of causing joy or delight > [adjective]
hightlyOE
delitec1225
joyful1297
delightablec1300
delicatea1382
gladsomec1386
gladdingc1394
delightfula1400
deliciousc1400
delectablec1415
delighting?a1425
delitousa1425
ravishingc1430
joyous1475
delightsomec1484
wealthlya1500
delectary?c1500
sunny1565
sunshine1594
delighted1595
heartsome1596
joysome1616
gladdening1729
scrum1877
heartthrob1907
dilly1909
delish1915
zip-a-dee-doo-dah1945
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. lviii. 13 If thou..clepist a delicat sabot [a1425 L.V. clepist the sabat delicat; 1611 King James call the sabbath a delight; L. vocaveris sabbatum delicatum].
?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 24 Anoynted with delicat thinges of swete smell.
a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxiii. sig. i.i The Worde of god, was moost delycate seruyse.
1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) ii. 169 A spatious and fragrant Garden which was curious to the eye, and delicate to the smell.
a1800 W. Cowper Retired Cat in W. Hayley Life & Posthumous Writings Cowper (1803) I. 256 Oh what a delicate retreat! I will resign myself to rest.
1911 ‘Q’ Brother Copas xi. 131 His morning had been spent amid books, rare prints, statuettes, soft carpets, all the delicate luxuries of Master Blanchminster's library.
b. Of food or drink: very pleasing to the taste; delicious; choice. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > savouriness > [adjective]
likingeOE
goodOE
lickerousc1275
deliciousa1325
daintya1382
dainteousc1386
daintiful1393
delicatea1398
merrya1398
savourlyc1400
liciousc1420
savourousa1425
daintethc1430
lustyc1430
feelsomea1450
nuttya1450
seasonablea1475
delicativec1475
unctuous1495
well-tasteda1500
daintive1526
savoury1533
exquisite1561
spicy1562
well-relished?1575
finger-licking1584
toothsome1584
taste-pleasinga1586
daint1590
relishsome1593
lickerish1595
tastesome1598
friand1599
tooth-tempting1603
relishing1605
well-relishing1608
neat1609
hungry1611
palate-pleasing1611
tasteful1611
palatea1617
tastya1617
palatable1619
toothful1622
sipid1623
unsoured1626
famelic1631
tasteablea1641
piquant1645
sapid1646
saporousa1670
slape1671
palativea1682
flavorous1697
nice1709
well-flavoured1717
gusty1721
flavoury1727
fine-palated1735
unrepulsive1787
degustatory1824
zesty1826
peckish1845
mouth-watering1847
flavoursome1853
unreasty1853
unrancida1855
relishy1864
toothy1864
flavoured1867
tasty-looking1867
hungrifying1886
velvety1888
snappy1892
zippy1911
savoursome1922
delish1953
the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [adjective] > delicate or dainty
estlichc1200
daintya1382
dainteousc1386
daintiful1393
delicatea1398
daintethc1430
delicativec1475
daintive1526
exquisite1561
daint1590
friand1599
neat1609
nice1709
tid1727
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. clviii. 1054 Simula..is þe teere mele of whete, most clene, delicate, and likynge.
?c1430 (c1383) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 13 Delicat metis and drynkis.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ecclus. xxix. 22 Better is it to haue a poore lyuynge in a mans owne house, then delicate fayre amonge the straunge.
a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 18 Let the drink be never so delicate and well-spiced.
1758 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S.-Amer. I. i. viii. 80 Some of them [sc. the dishes] are so delicate, that foreigners are no less pleased with them, than the gentlemen of the country.
1854 J. H. Newman Lect. Hist. Turks i. ii. 48 Horseflesh was the most delicate of the Tartar viands in the times we are now considering.
1968 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 24 Jan. 9/2 The items which would be served there would involve..the use of some of the island's delicate foodstuffs in new and different ways.
c. Very beautiful; lovely, attractive; elegant. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [adjective]
faireOE
comelyOE
winlyOE
goodlyOE
hendya1250
hendc1275
quaintc1300
seemlyc1305
tidya1325
avenant1340
honestc1384
sightya1387
properc1390
well beseena1393
queema1400
speciousa1400
featousc1400
parisantc1400
rekenc1400
well-favoureda1438
wellc1450
spectable?a1475
delicatec1480
jollya1500
bonny?a1513
snog1513
viewlyc1536
goodlikec1550
sightly1555
sightful1565
beholdinga1586
eyesome?1587
decent1600
vage1604
prospicuous1605
eyely1614
fashionable1630
well-looking1638
softa1643
fineish1647
well-looked1660
of a good (also ugly, etc.) look1700
likely-looked1709
sonsy1720
smiling1725
aspectable1731
smirkya1758
likely-looking1771
respectable1776
magnificent-looking1790
producible1792
presentable1800
good-looking1804
nice-looking1807
bonnyish1855
spick1882
eyeable1887
aegyo2007
c1480 (a1400) St. Adrian l. 400 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 283 Adryane wes of gret state & ȝung, faire and delycat.
?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 387 Ane deligat gowne..he send him.
1759 B. Martin Nat. Hist. Eng. I. 367 Oxford..is a most delicate and beautiful City.
d. Of a place, natural feature, etc.: †pleasant, charming (obsolete). Also of the weather: fair, fine (now rare (English regional (Cornwall) in later use)).
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > [adjective] > pleasing to the senses > of surroundings or climate
delicate1553
sensuous1858
snug1888
1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. v. f. 75 The ryuer of Hydaspis, whiche is counted to be a very delicat water.
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xvii. 485 Tabago..still lies waste (though a delicate fruitful Island).
1769 G. White Let. 28 Feb. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 65 The sun broke out into a delicate warm day.
1892 ‘Q’ I saw Three Ships 68 Mornin', Old Zeb; how be 'ee, this dellicate day?
2.
a. Given to or addicted to pleasure or luxury; pleasure-loving; self-indulgent. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > luxury or luxurious living > [adjective]
delicatea1393
deliciousa1393
voluptuous?a1475
pampereda1529
volupteousa1535
wealy1545
lascivious1589
smoothed1600
luxurious1606
luxuriose1727
high life1733
Vie Parisienne1890
decadent1967
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. l. 988 He was ek so delicat Of his clothing, that everyday Of pourpre and bisse he made him gay.
c1405 (c1375) G. Chaucer Monk's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 385 Moore delicat [c1405 Ellesmere delicaat] moore pompous of array Moore proud was neuere Emperour than he.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Amos (heading) He reproueth the welthy, ydyll and delicate people.
1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure I. v That delicate glutton, my nethermouth..kept palating, with exquisite relish, the morsel that so deliciously ingorged it.
b. Of an activity, lifestyle, etc.: characterized by luxury or sensual pleasure; indulgent, soft. Now archaic and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > luxury or luxurious living > [adjective] > luxurious (of things)
delicatec1400
delicious?c1450
fleshpot1535
lascivious1589
nice1621
mollitious1629
luxurious1650
luxuriant1671
voluptuous1816
de luxe1819
plushy1884
plush1890
c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. ix. l. 279 Diues for hus delicat lyf to þe deuel wente.
1576 A. Fleming tr. C. Longolius in Panoplie Epist. 410 You have your sweete and delicate sleepes in your comfortable chambers.
1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Antiq. Jews xvii. xii, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 566 Softness of body..derived from his delicate and generous education.
2018 K. A. E. Enenkel in K. A. E. Enenkel & A. Traninger Figure of Nymph in Early Mod. Culture iii. 64 Sandys takes the Salmacis myth as a warning against leisure and a delicate lifestyle.
3. Given to ease or inactivity; lazy, indolent. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > sloth or laziness > [adjective]
sweerc725
foridledc1230
idlea1300
faintc1325
recrayed1340
slewful1340
nicea1398
sleuthya1400
delicate?c1400
sleuthfulc1400
slothfulc1400
sloth1412
lurdanc1480
luskinga1500
luskish15..
droning1509
bumbard?a1513
slottery1513
desidiousa1540
lazy1549
slovening1549
truanta1550
sleuth1567
litherly1573
truantly1579
dronish1580
lubberly1580
truant-like1583
shiftless1584
sluggard1594
fat1598
lusky1604
sweatless1606
clumse1611
easeful1611
loselly1611
do-littlea1613
sluggardisha1627
pigritious1638
drony1653
murcid1656
thokisha1682
shammockinga1704
indolent1710
huddroun1721
nothing-doing1724
desidiose1727
lusk1775
slack-twisted1794
sweert1817
bone-lazya1825
lurgy1828
straight-backed1830
do-nothing1832
slobbish1833
bone idle1836
slouch1837
lotophagous1841
shammocky1841
bein1847
thoky1847
lotus-eating1852
fainéant1855
sluggardly1865
lazy-boned1875
do-naught1879
easy-going1879
lazyish1892
slobbed1962
?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iv. met. vii. l. 4289 O ȝe slouȝ [emended in ed. to slowe] and delicat men whi fley ȝe aduersites, and ne fyȝten nat aȝeins hem by vertue.
1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) iii. ix. f. lvj Suche folke haue ben soo delycate and lothe to good werkes.
1600 W. Cornwallis Ess. I. xii. sig. H8v He made choise rather of a slowe delicate people, then of spirites of more excellency.
II. Fragile, fine, subtle, and related senses.
4. Of a person: tender, soft, or weak in nature or character, esp. as a result of a gentle nature or easy living. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Deut. xxviii. 56 Atender womman & delicat [a1425 Corpus Oxf. a delicate; L. delicata] þe whiche opon þe erþe miȝte not go, ne ficche þe stapp of þe foot for softnes & most tendernes.
a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. CCiiiiv The delycate persone that can suffre no payne in body.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. iv. 9 + 39 Witnes this Army..Led by a delicate and tender Prince.
1688 S. Penton Guardian's Instr. 56 This was the unhappiness of a delicate Youth, whose great misfortune it was to be worth Two Thousand A Year before he was One and Twenty.
5. Difficult to please or satisfy; fastidious, fussy; demanding; (of a feeling, preference, etc.) characterized by fastidiousness or fussiness.In later use sometimes influenced by sense A. 6c.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > refinement > fastidiousness > [adjective]
chisa700
estfula1000
esquaymous1303
squeamousc1325
overnicec1350
curiousc1380
dangerousc1386
delicatea1393
preciousc1395
nicec1400
skigc1400
over-delicatea1425
daintethc1430
ticklec1456
quaint1483
dauncha1500
pickinga1500
feat?1529
elegant?1533
queasy1545
fine1546
fine-fingered1549
fastidious?1555
fine-mouthed1559
chary1567
weamish1571
saucy1573
dainty1576
superfine1576
niced1577
overcurious1579
nicing1581
fineish1582
prick-me-dainty1583
daint1590
finical1592
tiptoe-nice1593
nice1594
nicking1598
choice1601
squeamish1608
marchpane1609
hypercritical1611
particular1616
finicking1661
overcritical1667
just so1696
penurious1703
fal-lal1747
ogertful1754
nackety1756
quiddling1789
pernickety1808
pershittie1808
taffety1814
hypercritic1820
faddy1824
finicky1825
meticulous1827
daintified1834
squeamy1838
picksome1855
choosey1862
picky1867
hyperaesthetic1879
persnickety1885
précieux1891
perskeet1897
tasty1905
Nice Nelly1922
perfectionist1942
snicketya1960
perfectionistic1968
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. l. 666 And riht so changeth his astat He that of love is delicat; For though he hadde..The beste wif of al the lond..Yit wolde his herte on othre falle.
?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) ii. pr. iv. l. 1084 Euery weleful man haþe [emended in ed. to haþ] a wel delicat felyng [L. delicatissimus sensus est]. So þat but yif alle þinges fallen at hys owen wille..he is þrowe adoune.
1534 S. Gardiner Let. July (1933) 61 I maye not be soo delicate as to chose the place of service, but am and shalbe redy to doo service as I shalbe commaunded.
1671 tr. A. de Courtin Rules Civility x. 101 Some people being so delicate, they will not eat after a man has eat with his Spoon and not wiped it.
1773 S. Johnson Let. 21 Sept. in H. L. Piozzi Lett. to & from S. Johnson (1788) II. 137 The only things of which we, or travellers yet more delicate, could find any pretensions to complain.
1908 Animal Managem. (War Office) 127 Generally speaking, horses are, when once in condition, hardy, greedy animals,..but occasionally a timid, delicate feeder will be met.
2017 Korea Herald (Nexis) 4 Aug. Cat moms and dads are willing to go the extra mile to satisfy the delicate preferences of their four-legged companions.
6.
a. Of a person, etc.: having a weak or fragile constitution, not strong or robust; highly susceptible or vulnerable to injury, sickness, or disease; (of a person's constitution) not strong or robust; (now also, of a person) slightly unwell, off-colour.in a delicate condition, in a delicate state of health: see also Phrases.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > weak
unmightyeOE
unferea1060
unwieldc1220
fade1303
lewc1325
weak1340
fainta1375
sicklyc1374
unwieldyc1386
impotent1390
delicatea1398
lowa1398
unmighta1450
unlustyc1450
low-brought1459
wearyc1480
failed1490
worn1508
caduke?1518
fainty1530
weak1535
debile1536
fluey1545
tewly?1547
faltering1549
puling1549
imbecilec1550
debilitate1552
flash1562
unable1577
unhealthful1595
unabled1597
whindling1601
infirm1608
debilitated1611
bedrid1629
washya1631
silly1636
fluea1645
tender1645
invaletudinary1661
languishant1674
valetudinaire?c1682
puly1688
thriftless1693
unheartya1699
wishy-washy1703
enervate1706
valetudinarian1713
lask1727
wersh1755
palliea1774
wankle1781
asthenic1789
atonic1792
squeal1794
adynamic1803
worn-down1814
totterish1817
asthenical1819
prostrate1820
used up1823
wankya1825
creaky1834
groggy1834
puny1838
imbeciled1840
rickety-rackety1840
muscleless1841
weedy1849
tottery1861
crocky1880
wimbly-wambly1881
ramshackle1889
twitterly1896
twittery1907
wonky1919
strung out1959
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > weak > of constitution
neshOE
tender?c1225
softa1387
delicatea1398
nicec1450
slendera1500
weak?1523
dainty1562
fine1562
cockney1573
weakly1577
dough-baked1592
lax1732
flimsy1742
lax-fibred1762
doughy1763
dauncy1846
fragile1858
slim1877
chétif1908
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. v. 906 For delicate men [L. pro delicatis] tempre þe wyn wiþ rose water.
a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 82 (MED) Also ȝif tho that ben of grete power and so delicate þat þey may noȝt susteyne so gret laboure smyte hem violently, state of persones..is to be i-schewyd vnto the pope.
1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 296 The olde man is delicate and of small strength.
1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 10 Neither are they fit for warfarre and to beare armes, whose bodies having beene daintily brought up in the shade and within house, are corpulent, and of a soft and delicate constitution.
1664 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 173 The excess [of bathing] doubtless weakens the body, by making it soft and delicate, and subject to colds.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. 532 The Princess..was then in very delicate health.
1874 H. Dalziel Dis. Dogs 35 Dogs of a delicate constitution and unused to rough it.
1963 D. Athill Instead of Let. ii. 11 His mother was supposed to be delicate and to need a softer climate.
2016 Metro (National ed.) (Nexis) 4 Nov. 61 I'm feeling delicate after a big Thursday night out.
b. Easily broken, damaged, or spoiled, esp. as a result of being slight, finely or intricately made, etc.; fragile.
ΚΠ
c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 339 (MED) Mye blode..ranne downe on alle sydes of mye delycate bodye.
1530 T. Elyot tr. Plutarch Educ. Children xii. sig. f.iv For the delicate flower of youthe vneth maye be preserued from the violence of bodily luste, onles he be brideled.
1568 E. Tilney Brief Disc. Mariage (new ed.) sig. Eijv A good name..is so delicate a thing in a woman, that she must not onely be good, but likewise must apeere so.
1666 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 2) 18 The Nectarine and like delicate Mural-Fruit.
1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 75 But they [sc. trout] are so delicate that they will not keep, and must be eaten the day they are killed.
1939 Pop. Sci. Monthly Feb. 244/2 A high-voltage flash strikes a trip-hammer blow that would shatter the husky insulators as if they were delicate china.
2001 Org. Gardening Apr. 14/3 Tuberous begonias, with their vibrant colors and delicate, papery petals, are among the most exquisite flowers you can grow.
c. Easily upset or offended; mentally, morally, or emotionally fragile; precious; (overly) sensitive. Often depreciative.Now sometimes with allusion to sense A. 6b, as in delicate flower; cf. quot. 2009.
ΚΠ
1566 T. Blundeville Bredynge of Horses viii. f. 23 in Fower Offices Horsemanshippe These medicines perhappes wyl offende the delycate eares of some persons, that are more nyce then wyse.
1679 S. Cradock Suppl. to Knowl. & Pract. ii. ix. 371 Take heed therefore that your mind be not too delicate and tender and womanish and apt to be moved at every toy.
1791 W. Combe Devil upon Two Sticks V. xvii. 118 She was a pleasant, tender-hearted woman, and has fallen a sacrifice to the delicate sensibilities of her character.
1878 Amer. Law Rev. July 800 It [sc. the book] leaves out all that class of crimes of which the names would offend delicate ears.
2009 Times 2 Feb. (Game section) 4/4 Footballers are notoriously delicate flowers these days.
7.
a. Exceptionally or beautifully fine in texture, substance, structure, etc.; very soft; gracefully slender or slight.Now often with connotations of fragility; cf. sense A. 6b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > other specific kinds of texture > [adjective] > fine
smalleOE
subtlea1382
subtilea1398
finec1400
tearc1400
delicate?a1425
fine-spuna1555
filmy1604
cypress1605
thin-spun1638
curious1665
filmlike1804
feathery1864
pinpoint1899
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [adjective] > delicate or dainty
finea1375
dely?c1400
delicate?a1425
minionate1496
minion1528
minion1529
gingerly1534
daintyc1540
minikin1545
daint1590
inconyc1592
minic1598
delicated1605
minical1668
finickingc1749
minionette1749
dinky1788
daintified1834
airy-fairy1837
mignon1837
minny1942
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 93 (MED) And forto drie it with delicate [?c1425 Paris softe] cloþes.
1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 237 Their women are white, having blacke haires and a most delicate skin.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 190 The people..weare little clothing, saue what is thin and delicate.
1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. II. 188 A salt..under the form of exceedingly delicate needles.
1962 K. A. Porter Ship of Fools 129 He counted her pulse..noting her long, thin, delicate bones.
2019 Daily Tel. (National ed.) (Nexis) 7 Sept. (Luxury section) The grey-and white-flecked carpet upstairs is so thick, so soft and delicate that it might well be made of a blend of velvet, goose feathers and the lotioned skin of babies.
b. Refined in quality or nature; sophisticated, subtle.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > refinement > [adjective]
polisheda1382
dainteousc1386
polite?a1500
delicatea1533
courtly1535
civil1551
court-like1552
well-refined1575
nice1588
perpolite1592
politic1596
soft1599
terse1628
refine1646
refined1650
elegant1652
genteel1678
chastea1797
spirituala1806
aesthetic1844
nicey1859
raffiné1865
nuttish1869
too-tooa1884
sophisticated1895
lavender1928
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1535) i. xxix. f. 48v Suche as are of a delycate bloode, haue not so moche solicitude as the rusticall people.
1753 Ess. Celibacy 43 The tender and delicate passions of love, friendship, compassion, humanity and good-will.
1885 J. Ruskin Præterita I. vi. 186 My father liked delicate cookery, just because he was one of the smallest and rarest eaters.
1962 O. Manning Spoilt City iv. xxii. 241 They were met by a scent of woodsmoke, delicate and sweet, that comforted Harriet.
2015 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 7 Jan. d4/2 Girgentina is fruity and delicate, with good acidity: a light wine.
c. Exquisite or detailed in workmanship; skilfully or intricately constructed.
ΚΠ
1580 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes Dial. Yron in Ioyfull Newes (new ed.) f. 147 Workes wrought vpon linen cloth and silke, things so politike, and delicate, that with the Needle they [sc. women] do worke.
1756 J. Warton Ess. on Pope I. vi. 289 My chief reason for quoting these delicate lines.
a1861 T. Winthrop John Brent (1862) xxx. 316 The human body,—the most delicate mechanism of all, the type of all its own inventions.
2018 F. F. Mirza Place for Us ii. v. 128 There, elevated on a small stand, was a watch—the watch... The delicate gold rim, the perfect circle, its black hands with tiny tear-dropped ends, its most gentle tick.
d. Of colour or light: soft, gentle, or subdued in shade or intensity.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [adjective] > soft
tender?a1513
soft1672
delicate1675
mellow1706
mellowy1816
serene1846
etherean1881
mellowed1889
muted1897
pastel1899
pastel1914
sedate1924
1675 Mock Songs & Joking Poems 11 Her Teeth had the hue Of a delicate blew.
1823 W. M. Praed Lillian i. 2 Wings of a warm and delicate hue, Like the glow of a deep carnation.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xi. 83 The hole..[in] the snow was filled with a delicate blue light.
2017 B. Mutch Girl from Simon's Bay iv. 30 Each [shell] was a pale, delicate shade of stippled green, lighter than a Granny Smith apple but not as yellow as a Golden Delicious.
8.
a. Of an action, movement, etc.: carried out with or characterized by great gentleness, skill, or care.
ΚΠ
1565 J. Hall tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. i. vii. 10 Laboure gentlye wyth Instrumentes to remove the bone..by moste tender, and delycate workinge: that thou touche not Duram matrem.
1663 R. Boyle Some Considerations Usefulnesse Exper. Nat. Philos. i. ii. 40 Consider how..delicate a Workmanship must be employ'd to contrive into so narrow a compass the several Parts.
1819 G. J. Guthrie Treat. Operations for Formation Artific. Pupil 115 In some cases, the iris will yield and separate to the most delicate pressure of the knife.
1907 W. Le Queux Count's Chauffeur ii. 28 At present, we have another little matter in hand—one which requires extremely delicate handling.
2004 Chicago Sun-Times (Nexis) 11 July 4 In a quiet concert hall, you have the ability to play a pianissimo in a way that's so delicate that it is just barely heard.
b. Of a matter, situation, procedure, etc.: that requires skilful or careful handling; tricky, sensitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > types of difficulty > [adjective] > difficult or delicate
fine-fingered1549
brickle1568
kittle1568
tickle1569
delicate1574
trickle1579
chary1581
ticklesome1585
ticklish1591
jealous1600
tender1625
nicea1630
thorny1653
parlous1657
tricksy1835
niggling1851
tricky1868
catchy1874
pernickety1884
trickish1900
fiddly1926
footery1929
1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 476 The properties appertayning to the marryed husband is, to be reposed in his speach, mylde of conuersation, [etc.]... In men of so tender yeres..such and so delicate things, neyther do they knowe to vnderstande when they bee told them, neyther yet beeing wanting to aske for them.
1741 D. Hume Ess. Moral & Polit. I. xi. 119 The just Ballance betwixt the Republican and Monarchical Part of our Constitution is really, in itself, so extreme delicate and uncertain, that..'tis impossible but different Opinions must arise concerning it.
1889 Pall Mall Gaz. 24 Jan. 7/1 Fixing a skin upon a drum is a delicate operation requiring considerable patience.
1950 R. Stout In Best Families (1995) vii. 83 It's a delicate matter, to approach a responsible officer of a reputable bank on a thing like that.
2013 Daily Tel. 2 Jan. 21/2 Senate leaders were locked in delicate negotiations to prevent America going over the fiscal cliff.
c. Of a person or personal attribute: capable of or having elegantly refined or subtle movement, expression, etc.; very gentle, skilful, or careful.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > finely skilful
delicate1589
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. viii. 13 Horace the most delicate of all the Romain Lyrickes.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iv. i. 183 I doe but say what she is: So delicate with her needle, an admirable musition.
1782 W. Cowper Table Talk in Poems 34 His [sc. Pope's] musical finesse was such, So nice his ear, so delicate his touch.
1884 Public Opinion 11 July 52/1 The artist is at his best, at his delicatest and subtlest, in his water-colours.
2014 Birmingham Post (National ed.) (Nexis) 13 Feb. (Life section) 4 Lang Lang..turns his attention to two of the most delicate composers of piano music in history, Mozart and Chopin.
9. Cleverly or subtly conceived; ingenious, shrewd. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > finely skilful > displaying or characterized by fine skill
delicate1577
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 75 An other more delicater way he speaketh of, which is..laying the branches in baskettes of earth,..obtaynyng rootes betwixt the very fruite and the toppes.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xx. 173 It were a delicate stratagem to shoot [1623 shoo] a troupe of horse with fell [1623 Felt] . View more context for this quotation
1673 R. Head Canting Acad. 11 The Budge it is a delicate trade.
10. So fine, slight, or understated as to be scarcely perceptible or difficult to appreciate; subtle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [adjective] > very small in amount or degree
superfine1575
tiny1598
minute1606
exiguous1630
myriate1665
delicate1692
miniature1714
infinitesimal1733
diminutive1741
weeny1790
inappreciable1802
teeny1802
scrumptious1834
teeny-weeny1842
teeny-tiny1849
tee-tiny1872
minuscule1878
1692 tr. C. de Saint-Évremond Misc. Ess. 120 He leaves to be discerned a delicate inclination for the Conspirators.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 71 Catharine often told the king plainly what the Protestant lords of the council only dared to hint in the most delicate phrases.
1864 A. Bain Senses & Intellect (ed. 2) i. i. 113 Discrimination of the most delicate differences is an indispensable qualification.
2010 Burlington Mag. 152 568/1 Goncharova's process of experimentation becomes most apparent through the delicate changes in her handling of paint and the mutations of her vibrant palette.
III. Sensitive, refined, and related senses.
11.
a. Capable of exceptionally subtle or acute perception, feeling, appreciation, etc.; highly sensitive to nuance or subtlety.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > [adjective]
goodOE
winlyOE
snella1000
winc1275
boonc1325
cleana1375
tidya1375
positivea1398
comelyc1400
kindc1400
kindly?a1425
well-formeda1425
trim?a1513
wally?a1513
bonnya1525
delicatea1533
goodlike1562
sappy1563
bein1567
rum1567
benedict1576
warrantable1581
true (also good, sure) as touch1590
goodlisomea1603
respectable1603
clever1738
amusing1753
plummy1787
bone1793
brickish1843
mooi1850
ryebuck1859
spandy1868
greatisha1871
healthy1878
popular1884
beefy1903
onkus1910
quies1919
cushty1929
high-powered1969
not shabby1975
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > discernment, discrimination > [adjective] > with delicacy
delicatea1533
finea1566
fine-headed1574
nice1593
refining1595
choice1601
refined1607
point-device1639
exquisite1643
nice-discerning1745
feelingful1943
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1535) i. vii. f. 12v He was but of tender age, and not of gret delicate vnderstonding.
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 2. ⁋2 A very delicate Observer of what occurs to him in the present World.
1856 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters IV. 70 A delicate ear rejoices in the slighter and more modulated passages of sound.
1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost i. 26 Let us learn then to have a delicate conscience.
1997 Esquire May 42/3 He shows a delicate understanding of fusion cuisine in Asian-inspired dishes like ginger broth with chicken-and-shiitake-mushroom dumplings.
b. Of an instrument: capable of detecting or measuring very slight changes, quantities, signals, etc.; sensitive. Also of a measurement: precise.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > exactness, accuracy, precision > [adjective] > of tools, materials, etc.: accurate
truec1392
just?1556
precise1561
finea1566
delicate1581
nicea1628
exact1665
sensible1678
sensitive1820
precision1875
pin-sharp1933
1581 J. Frampton tr. P. de Medina Arte Nauigation vi. i. f. 66/2 Seeing that this instrument [sc. a compass] is so delicate and subtile, it happeneth that for small occasion he commeth to haue defect in such sort, that he cannot serue.
1790 W. Nicholson First Princ. Chem. i. vi. 63 Very delicate balances are not only useful in nice experiments, but are likewise much more expeditious than others in common weighing.
1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. xxx. 314 Very delicate experiments have shown that all bodies are more or less susceptible of magnetism.
1949 ‘G. Orwell’ Nineteen Eighty-four 80 You could not control the beating of your heart, and the telescreen was quite delicate enough to pick it up.
2018 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 17 July d2 The most delicate measurements so far indicate that an individual neutrino weighs less than a millionth what an electron weighs.
12.
a. Having a refined sense of what is proper or appropriate; highly sensitive to feelings of embarrassment, shame, etc.; considerate of the feelings of others.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > virtue > purity > chastity > modesty or decency > [adjective]
well-itowenc1225
mannerlyc1400
pudic1490
pudicala1513
modestiousa1549
modest1550
pudent1558
delicate1634
pudibund1656
pudibundous1656
decent1734
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 103 Her..admirable beautie, a delicate spirit, sweet behauiour and charitable acts surpassing child-hood.
1721 T. Tickell in J. Addison Wks. I. Pref. p. xii Mr. Addison..was..too delicate to take any part of that [praise] which belonged to others.
1768 L. Sterne Sentimental Journey II. 201 We were both too delicate to communicate what we felt to each other upon the occasion.
1836 J. Gilbert Christian Atonem. ix. 360 Appearances of a just ground for the imputation are so unambiguous that it were treason to truth to be delicate.
2004 H. Strachan Make a Skyf, Man! viii. 79 I don't suppose one should be too delicate about this; after all, they were only giving him what Hector got.
b. Of a way of behaving or speaking: showing or characterized by consideration for the feelings of others; diplomatic, tactful. Of a subject, situation, etc.: that evokes strong or personal feelings, esp. embarrassment or shame; sensitive.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > virtue > purity > chastity > modesty or decency > [adjective] > characterized by modesty
virtuousa1731
delicate1817
1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. vii. 242 All parties recommended a delicate and liberal treatment.
1887 F. M. Crawford Paul Patoff II. 83 It was evident from her few words and from the blush which accompanied them that this was a delicate subject.
2017 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 8 June c1 John has cerebral palsy. Ani is a double above-the-knee amputee. Neither has patience for tactful solicitude or delicate terminology.
B. n.
1.
a. A person given to or addicted to pleasure, luxury, or a life of ease; a pleasure-loving or self-indulgent person. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > luxury or luxurious living > [noun] > one who lives luxuriously
delicatea1382
high-liver1715
feather-bedder1952
sweet-lifer1967
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xlvii. 8 Now here thou these thingus, thou delicat [L. delicata], and dwellende trosteli.
1534 J. Fewterer tr. U. Pinder Myrrour Christes Passion f. cvi These delicates & carnall persons whiche wyl suffer no payne but folowe all pleasure: ben the enemyes of the crosse of Christe.
1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 438 If Lucullus were not a waster and a delicate given to belly-cheere.
a1722 J. Toland Coll. Several Pieces (1726) II. 274 Men who doing nothing themselves deserving commendation, think it impertinent that any should be commended. The disapprobation of such delicates I shall studiously court.
b. A person who is fastidious or difficult to please. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > refinement > fastidiousness > [noun] > fastidious person
abrodietical1623
hypercritic1634
over-critica1661
finick1706
delicate1710
finicking1744
fidfad1754
quiddle1793
faddle1881
faddy1887
perfectionist1909
Nice Nelly1922
1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 148 The Rules among these false Delicates, are to be as contradictory as they can be to Nature.
2.
a. A luxurious or pleasurable thing; a source of physical pleasure; a luxury, a delight. Usually in plural. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > luxury or luxurious living > [noun] > a luxury
delicatec1450
delicacya1500
luxury1780
c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 171 (MED) Vmthynk you of þe bed þat is ordand in hell to þaim þat mon be dampnyd, þat liffis here in all þe delicatis att þaim liste hafe.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) ii. v. 51. The Shepherds homely Curds, His cold thinne drinke.., His wonted sleepe.., All which secure, and sweetly he enioyes, Is farre beyond a Princes Delicates.
1745 E. Young Complaint: Night the Eighth 41 Her nectareous Cup, Mixt up of Delicates for ev'ry Sense.
b. spec. A delicious or choice food; a favoured dish; = delicacy n. 3b. Usually in plural. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [noun] > delicacy or titbit
daintethc1290
daintyc1300
morselc1390
confection1393
delicec1405
delicacya1425
delicatea1475
friandise1484
deliciositiesa1500
daintive1526
junket1538
knack1548
daintrel1575
cate1578
pulpament1600
gaudy1622
regalo1622
daint1633
titbita1641
scitament1656
regale1673
knick-knack1682
nicety1704
bonne bouche1721
diablotin1770
sunket1788
regalement1795
confiture1802
bon-bon1821
sock1825
delicatessen1853
good things1861
tiddlywinks1893
a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 166 Afftur þis, delicatis mo. Blaunderelle, or pepyns, with carawey in confite, Waffurs to ete, ypocras to drynk with delite.
a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 254 (MED) Þay putten away all delycatys, metes and drynkes, and werne well apayde on dry mete.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Ti To be admytted to the kynges owne table, and to taste of his dentyue delicattes.
1676 T. Shadwell Virtuoso iii. 54 Cheshire-Cheese..seems to be a great delicate to the pallat of this Animal.
1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 98 These delicates he heap'd with glowing hand On golden dishes.
1905 E. Underhill tr. Miracles of Our Lady St. Mary (1906) 54 I was bred softly, and love only to eat delicates.
c. A person who gives or inspires delight; a joy. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > loved one > [noun]
darlingc888
the apple of a person's eyeeOE
lief971
light of one's eye(s)OE
lovedOE
my lifelOE
lovec1225
druta1240
chere1297
sweetc1330
popelotc1390
likinga1393
oninga1400
onlepya1400
belovedc1430
well-beloved1447
heart-rootc1460
deara1500
delicate1531
belove1534
leefkyn1540
one and only1551
fondling1580
dearing1601
precious1602
loveling1606
dotey1663
lovee1753
passion1783
mavourneen1800
dote1809
treasure1844
seraph1853
sloe1884
darlint1888
asthore1894
darl1930
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxiii. sig. gviiiv The emperour Titus..for his lernynge and vertue was named the delicate of the worlde [L. amor et deliciæ humani generis].
3.
a. attributive (in singular). Designating a cleaning process or washing machine function designed for delicate fabrics or garments, as delicate cycle, delicate wash, etc.
ΚΠ
1955 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 26 Sept. 30 (advt.) Wond-r-dial... Selection of normal or delicate wash cycles... Gives you 2 washers in one.
1986 Toronto Star (Nexis) 7 June e19 Run the pillow case through the washer on a delicate cycle, using mild soap and cold water.
2012 Prima (Nexis) Nov. Feather pillows can be washed on the delicate setting using a little detergent.
b. In plural. Delicate fabrics or garments, esp. items of underwear or lingerie.
ΚΠ
1957 Chillicothe (Missouri) Constit.-Tribune 3 Sept. 5/3 (advt.) All-new super automatic washer... Washes everything from ‘delicates’ to denims without rubbing.
2006 E. Gilbert Eat, Pray, Love (2007) v. 19 A man just did my laundry! And he even hand-washed my delicates!

Phrases

euphemistic. in a delicate condition (also state of health) and variants: pregnant. Now somewhat dated.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > pregnancy or gestation > [adjective]
greatc1175
with childc1175
with childc1300
baggeda1400
bounda1400
pregnant?a1425
quicka1450
greaterc1480
heavyc1480
teeming1530
great-bellied1533
big1535
boundenc1540
impregnate1540
great-wombeda1550
young with child1566
gravid1598
pregnate1598
pagled1599
enceinte1602
child-great1605
conceived1637
big-bellieda1646
brooding1667
in the (also a) family way1688
in the (also that) way1741
undelivered1799
ensient1818
enwombeda1822
in a delicate condition1827
gestant1851
in pod1890
up the (also a) pole1918
in a particular condition1922
preg?1927
in the spud line1937
up the spout1937
preggy1938
up the stick1941
preggers1942
in pig1945
primigravid1949
preggo1951
in a certain condition1958
gestating1961
up the creek1961
in the (pudding) cluba1966
gravidated-
1827 Standard 3 Aug. The governor, perceiving her delicate condition, asked her ‘How long she had to go?’.
1850 C. Dickens David Copperfield xxvii. 287 Mrs. Micawber, being in a delicate state of health, was overcome by it.
1919 Chicago Tribune 11 Oct. 17/1 I told him I thought I was in a delicate condition, and I asked him if he was going to marry me.
2003 L. Kurland Garden in Rain 416 My wife is, as you may or may not have noticed, in a delicate condition.

Compounds

a. Forming adjectives with the sense ‘that has (a) delicate ——’, by combining with a noun + -ed, as in delicate-featured, delicate-minded, etc.
ΚΠ
?1551 T. Becon Fruitful Treat. Fasting xix. sig. H.i An horsse that is to much delicate lyfed, casteth his master.
1693 N. Staphorst tr. L. Rauwolf Trav. Eastern Countries i. viii, in J. Ray Coll. Curious Trav. I. 91 They power the Water out of their Skins, wherein they have commonly laid Chalcedonicks, Jaspirs, &c. Sometimes also delicate tasted Fruit.
1806 M. Wilmot Jrnl. 14 June (1934) iii. 268 She opens into a very cleaver, well judging, delicate minded, spirited Woman.
1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud viii, in Maud & Other Poems 32 The snowy banded, dilettante, Delicate-handed priest.
1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. ix. 293 A delicate-footed dame.
2007 Times 3 Feb. 17 Her face was delicate-featured, with a snub nose.
b. With present participles, forming adjectives in which delicate expresses the complement of the underlying verb, as in delicate-looking, delicate-sounding, delicate-tasting, etc.
ΚΠ
1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania ii. 242 The bankes..were of such sweetnesse, as the plenty of the most delicate smelling flowers could yeeld vnto them.
1704 Expert Orthographist iii. 99/2 Pheasant, a delicate eating Fowl.
1817 J. Austen Sanditon x, in Minor Wks. (1954) 413 A very puny, delicate-looking young Man, the smallest very materially of not a robust Family.
1887 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 27 Aug. Daily Bull. Suppl. Perhaps the names of today are more refined and delicate-sounding when spoken, and therefore more fitting to the young ladies of 1887.
1953 Life 13 July 75 (advt.) The dewy-fresh flavor of Ann Page Mayonnaise sets off delicate-tasting salads to perfection.
2010 Ideal Home May 166/1 This hardy variety of Japanese wisteria produces slightly more delicate-looking, violet-blue flower heads.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

delicatev.

Forms: 1600s dilicate.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: delicate adj.
Etymology: < delicate adj. Compare slightly earlier delicated adj.
Obsolete. rare.
transitive. To make (something) delicate, to soften.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > other specific kinds of texture > [verb (transitive)] > make fine
delicate1609
fine-draw1701
1609 W. B. tr. Philosophers Banquet i. xxix. f. 35v They doe dilicate and mollifie the flesh [L. mollem & inflatam carnem facit].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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adj.n.a1382v.1609
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