denyv.

Brit.

/dᵻˈnʌɪ/, U.S.

/dəˈnaɪ/,

/diˈnaɪ/

Forms: Middle English–1500s denye, 1500s–1600s denie, Middle English– deny; also Middle English denoy(e, Middle English–1600s denay(e.

Etymology: < French dénier (Old French also deneier , -noier , -neer ) = Provençal deneyar , denegar , Spanish denegar , Italian dinegare < Latin dēnegāre , < de- prefix 1c + negāre to say no, refuse, deny. In Old French the atonic stem-form was denei-er, denoi-er ( < dēneˈgāre), the tonic deni-e ( < denieie, < dēˈnegat); by carrying each of these through, there arose two forms denei-er (denoi-er), deni-er, whence Middle English deney, denay (denoy), and deny. By 16th cent. writers, to whom denay was more or less of an archaism, it was apparently associated with nay: compare the following:c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. Cviij^v Y^e state of cardynal whiche was naied and denayed hym by y^e kyng.

I. To say ‘no’ to a statement, assertion, doctrine.

1. To contradict or gainsay (anything stated or alleged); to declare to be untrue or untenable, or not what it is stated to be.

a. Const. with simple object (formerly sometimes a person).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > denial or contradiction > deny or contradict [verb (transitive)]

withquethec888

withsake971

falsea1225

withsay?c1225

denyc1300

again-saya1382

naitc1390

nitec1390

naya1400

nicka1400

warna1400

denytec1420

traversea1450

repugnc1456

unsayc1460

renay1512

disavow?1532

disaffirm1548

contradict1582

fault1585

belie1587

infringe1590

dementie1594

abnegate1616

negate1623

nege1624

abrenounce1656

nay-saya1774

negative1784

dement1884

c1300 K. Alis. 3999 Antiochus saide..Thow hast denied thyself here.

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 249 Þis was certified, & sikere on ilk side. It myght not be denied.

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) iii. xii. 81 That may nat be denoyed, quod I.

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 40 He liȝþ, þat..denaiþ þat, & affermiþ þe contrari.

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. xxxix^v And worthy they were, what man can it denay [rhyme betray].

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV Introd. f. ii^v Deniyng fiersly al the other new inuencions alleged & proponed to his charge.

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xlvi. sig. D2^v But the defendant doth that plea deny .

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. vi. xi. 302 Jones could not deny the Charge.

1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles Prelim. Ess. 67 Hume does not..absolutely deny the miracle.

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 199 You may have to deny your words.

figurative.1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 63 The Duke was set at the very end crosse-legged like a Taylour, but his fierce aspect and brauery denied that title.

b. Const. with that and clause, or object and infinitive (after Latin); formerly also with simple infinitive Formerly sometimes with negative or but in the clause.

ΚΠ

1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 3572 Men shuld not denye..Þat þe saules of þam þat er dede here Of payn may relesed be.

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii. v. 49 I denye þat þilke þing be good þat anoyeþ hym þat haþ it.

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iii. x. 88 It may nat ben denoyed þat þilke goode ne is.

1436 Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 180 The chefare..noman may denyene, Is not made in Braban.

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 44 I denoy me not to have seid þis.

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 49/1 No man denieth..but that your grace were..most necessary aboute your children.

1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 157^v Denying the arte of geometrie..to bee to veraye litle use or purpose.

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) ii. 49 I denie not but that there have bene amongst us..manie corrupt customes.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 174 Then is a picture not denaid, To be a muet Poesie.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iv. 157 Taxing the poore king of treason, who denied to the death not to know of any such matter.

1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 310 I cannot deny but it [rice] is a solid grain.

1791 A. Radcliffe Romance of Forest II. x. 89 You can't deny that your father is cruel.

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) II. 414 I beg leave to deny this to be law.

1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 14 It is hard to deny that St. Bernard was a good man.

c. absol.

ΚΠ

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xviii. 15 Sara denyede, seiynge, I lowȝ not.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 118 Denyyn or naytyn, nego, denego.

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 5644 Ilk man for him self denyed.

1568 (a1500) Freiris Berwik l. 362 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1930) IV. 271 Scho saw it wes no bute for to deny.

2. Logic. The opposite of affirm; to assert the contradictory of (a proposition).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > refutation, disproof > refute, disprove [verb (transitive)] > an argument, statement, etc.

assoilc1370

disprovec1380

soilc1380

conclude1388

unprovea1425

denyc1425

oppugn?1435

deprevea1450

refelc1450

disapprove1481

impreve1488

confute1529

deprove1530

convince?1531

refute1533

save1591

convict1593

elide1593

redargue1613

to wrestle off1639

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. iii. 68 And [I] grantis, he sayd, þe antecedens; Bot I deny þe consequens.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. v. 502 I deny your Maior.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. i. 82 Sp. Nay, that I can deny by a circumstance. Pro. It shall goe hard but ile proue it by another.

1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements ii. 41 Let + A be to be multiply'd into B—C; then because + A is not affirmed of all B, but only of a part of it, whereby it exceeds C, therefore AC must remain denied.

1725 I. Watts Logick iii. ii. §2 If the middle term be denied of either part of the conclusion, it may shew that the terms of the conclusion disagree, but it can never shew that they agree.

1866 T. Fowler Elem. Deduct. Logic (1869) 110 If we affirm the antecedent, we must affirm the consequent, or, if we deny the consequent, we must deny the antecedent; but, if we deny the antecedent or affirm the consequent, no conclusion can be drawn.

a. To refuse to admit the truth of (a doctrine or tenet); to reject as untrue or unfounded; the opposite of assert or maintain.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > disbelief, incredulity > disbelieve [verb (transitive)]

mislevea1200

mistrowa1375

untrowc1380

disallowc1400

misbelievea1450

unbelieve1547

discredit1548

miscredita1555

deny1629

disbelieve1645

disesteema1676

1629 W. Prynne Church of Englands Old Antithesis 88 This were to denie either the vniuersalitie or the æquality of originall corruption.

1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §20 That doctrine of Epicurus, that denied the Providence of God, was no Atheism..Those that heretofore denied the Divinity of the Holy Ghost.

1686 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. II II. vii. 1175 To deny the resurrection of Christ.

1733 G. Berkeley Theory of Vision §6. 9 They who deny the Freedom and Immortality of the Soul in effect deny its Being.

a1856 W. Hamilton Lect. Metaphysics (1860) IV. xxvi. 58 Those who still denied the apparition of ghosts.

b. To refuse to admit the existence of; to reject as non-existent or unreal.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > disbelief, incredulity > disbelieve [verb (transitive)] > deny existence of

abnegate1616

deny1621

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. iii. 71 Many deny Witches at all, or if there be any, they can doe no harme.

1879 Standard 29 Nov. 5/4 The Albanian League, so often denied, has again been proved to have a real existence.

II. To say ‘no’ to the claims of.

a. To refuse to recognize or acknowledge (a person or thing) as having a certain character or certain claims; to disown, disavow, repudiate, renounce.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > repudiation or refusal to acknowledge > repudiate or refuse to acknowledge [verb (transitive)]

dissolve1382

denyc1384

renaya1450

forswearc1475

repudy1477

disallowa1513

abrenounce1537

repudiate1560

have1579

disclaim1596

renounce1617

abrenunciate1618

unowna1657

disown1666

refute1886

slam1973

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xii. 9 Forsoth he that schal denye me bifor men, schal be denyed bifore the aungelis of God.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 20871 Denyinge he [sc. St. Peter] fel wepynge he ros.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xi. 45 Þare denyed Petre oure Lord.

1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay 16 Thay that denisz thair dettis and wil noth pay thair crediturs.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 24 I wyl not deny my Greecian ofspring.

1604 King James VI & I Counterblaste to Tobacco sig. B2 Why do we not denie God and adore the Deuill, as they doe?

1622 G. Wither St. Peter's Day For if thy great apostle said He would not thee denie, Whom he that very night denayd, On what shall we relie?

1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World vii. 224 Some of his men,..happening to be taken separately, he denied them, and suffer'd eight of them to be hang'd, as pyrates.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 176 He could not deny his own hand and seal.

1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 317 Swend.., the godson of Cæsar, had denied his faith.

b. with complemental object or phrase. (Often blending with 1b.)

ΚΠ

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 117 Thou for whom Ioue would sweare..And denie himselfe for Ioue.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) i. ii. 251 Hast thou denied thy selfe a Faulconbridge?

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 123 Letter of Credence signed by his King..who..denied them for true.

III. To say ‘no’ to a request or proposal, or to him who makes it; to refuse.

a. To refuse or withhold (anything asked for, claimed or desired); to refuse to give or grant.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > withhold or refuse to give

forbar1303

denyc1374

again-holda1382

withdrawc1386

restraina1393

to shut up1526

renounce1617

denegate1623

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 1489 Deiphebus..Come hire to preye..To holde hym on þe morwe companye At dyner, which she wolde not denye.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cc. f. cxxi He asked a great summe of money of seynt Edmundes landes, whiche the rulers denayed.

c1590 C. Marlowe Faustus (Rtldg.) 98/1 Not to deny The just requests of those that wish him well.

1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer 268 I will denay No more obedience then by law I may.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 56 Trees their Forrest-fruit deny'd .

1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey I. iii. 331 The royal dame his lawless suit deny'd.

a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 161 Thou art very bold to take What we must still deny.

b. Const. (a) To deny a thing to a person, or (b) a person a thing. The latter connects this with sense 6; but the personal object was here originally dative, while there it appears to be accusative. In the passive either object may be made subject.

ΚΠ

(a)

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) vi. xii. 196 Auctoryte of techynge and soueraynte is graunted to men and denyed to wymmen.

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. v^v To vs may no hauen in Englonde be denayd.

1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Av ^v Mete and drynke was denyed to none of them.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. iii. 531 Giue to dogges What thou denyest to men.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 278. ⁋2 You will not deny your Advice to a distressed Damsel.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 73 Experience will not allow us to deny a place to art.

(b)a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 1586 He [sc. þe fende] wende þat god of miȝt walde deny ham heyuen briȝt.1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. L.iiii To denay, His own deare child, & sonne in lawe The thing that both did pray.a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. iii. 107 Then let him be denay'd the Regent-ship. 1649 H. Lawrence Some Considerations Use Holy Script. 36 No man that considers the premises will deny me this, That [etc.].1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 3 It is unjust to denie Merchants or Strangers the benefit of Port, Provisions, Commerce, and Navigation.1814 I. D'Israeli Quarrels Auth. II. 277 All the consolations of Fame were denied him during his life.1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. iii. vii. 701 Parliament was denied its proper control over an important branch of public expenditure.

c. figurative (predicated of things.)

ΚΠ

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 78 Finding no armour that..denied entrance to the fine edge of his damask blade.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 137 A steep wilderness, whose hairie sides..Access deni'd .

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 61 The known Course of Human things,..denies to Virtue its full Scope.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iii. §6. 146 Their [the Friars'] vow of poverty..would have denied them the possession of books.

6. To say ‘no’ to, to refuse (a person who makes a request or demand); †to reject (a candidate).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)]

warnc897

willeOE

forbidc1000

warnc1000

willOE

asake1250

withsay1297

gainsayc1330

recusea1387

naitc1390

to say naya1393

again-say?a1400

denyc1400

withnayc1400

biwern1413

refuse?1435

resist1539

detrect1542

renege1545

detract1572

waive1642

declinea1691

nay-say1762

nay-saya1774

nix1903

off1908

ixnay1937

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > reject or cast off a person

refusec1390

wavescha1400

denyc1400

rejectc1450

replya1500

repudiate1534

to fling off1587

reprobate1747

veto1839

to tie a can to (or on)1926

to give (a person) the elbow1938

wipe1941

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1497 Ȝif any were so vilanous þat yow de-naye wolde.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1493 For þat durst I not do, lest I denayed were.

c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Add. MS.) lxxxv. 405 I may not denye you of that ye aske.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7097 He denyet hym anon with a nait wille.

1591 R. Greene Maiden's Dreame The poor were never at their need denaid.

a1592 H. Smith Serm. (1637) 508 A number that will denie a poore body of a pennie.

1676 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 338 Richard Healy..stood for Bachelor of Arts and was denied.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals v, in tr. Virgil Wks. 25 In his Beauty's Pride; When Youth and Love are hard to be deny'd.

1773 O. Goldsmith She stoops to Conquer iii. 54 This is but a shallow pretence to deny me.

1851 H. W. Longfellow Golden Legend ii. 80 Firmly to deny The tempter, though his power is strong.

1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. I. 256 Where everybody begs, everybody, as a general rule, must be denied.

7. to deny oneself: to withhold from oneself, or refrain from, the gratification of desire; to practise self-denial, self-renunciation, or self-abnegation.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > unselfishness > put aside one's own interests [verb (reflexive)] > deny oneself

forsakec1175

to deny oneselfc1384

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xvi. 24 Ȝif eny man wole cume after me, denye he hym self, and take his crosse, and sue me.

c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. xxxvii. 107 Sonne, þou maist not haue parfit liberte, but þou denye þiself utterly.

1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. i. 4 Room to deny ourselves.

†8. To refuse to do (be, or suffer) anything. Obsolete.(Formerly sometimes with negative clause, and elliptically with pronominal substitute (it, which, etc.) for infinitive).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > refuse to do something

warnc900

withsaya1225

wondec1315

refusea1325

denya1400

nayc1400

recusec1425

renayc1489

renounce1582

disclaim1586

to draw the line1839

a1400 Pistill of Susan 140 Ȝif þou þis neodes deny.

c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 80 Ne for us denyd noght for to rise.

a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 85 The king sent vnto her onis, tuyes, thries, and she denied not to come.

1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 152/1 in Chron. I They flatly denyed to do any of those things.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 179 If she denie to wed.

1647 T. May Hist. Parl. ii. iii. 34 The King denied to give any other Answer.

1725 Bp. J. Butler Serm. (1726) vii. 125 He absolutely denyed to curse Israel.

1807 G. Crabbe Library (rev. ed.) in Poems 140 Why then denies the studious Man to share Man's common Good.

absolute.1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel ii. xxix. 55 And how she blushed, and how she sighed, And, half consenting, half denied, And said that she would die a maid.

†9. To refuse permission to, not to allow; to forbid (to do anything, the doing of it). Obsolete or archaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > prohibition > prohibit [verb (transitive)] > disallow or refuse permission

haveOE

refusec1485

impreve1488

denyc1515

suppressa1538

disallow1563

to hear of1584

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxxxiv. 264 [He] herde how Gerarde offred to goo..how he had denyed hym to go.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 174 One thing more, That woman-hood denies my tong to tell.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. iii. 128 I am denyed to sue my Liuery here.

1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. xi. §3. 206 This place denieth dispute.

1642 King Charles I His Majesties Answer Declar. both Houses conc. Comm. Array 1 July 55 Inforced..to deny a good Law, for an ill Preamble.

a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1691) x. 116 The Laws denying Strangers to Purchase.

1718 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad IV. xvi. 463 Patroclus shakes his Lance; but Fate denies.

1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia I. xiv. 98 You may deny me to accompany you, but cannot hinder me from following.

†10. To refuse to take or accept. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > decline to receive or accept

forsakea800

refusec1400

renayc1400

repelc1443

reject1532

disavow1579

balk1587

deny1590

disaccept1647

to pass up1896

to turn down1900

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. vii. sig. Ii8^v What were those three, The which thy proffred curtesie denayd?

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. i. 205 If you..deny his offred homage.

1691 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 362 Dr. Beveridge did lately denie the bishoprick of Bath and Wells.

1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xvii. 78 Their false addresses gen'rous he deny'd.

11.

†a. To refuse admittance to (a visitor); to be ‘not at home’ to. (Akin to 6.) Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. v. 502 If you wil deny the Sheriffe so, if not, let him enter.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 89. ⁋9 When he is too well to deny Company, and too ill to receive them.

1736 J. Hort Proposal Quadrille 1 At Doors where they expect to be denied.

b. To refuse access to (a person visited); to announce as ‘not at home’. (Akin to 5.)

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > visit > visiting > visit [verb (transitive)] > refuse access to (a person visited)

deny1665

1665 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 44 I was at Gasington to speake with Mrs. H...but she denied her selfe.

1689 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 317 I inquir'd after him; he denied himself.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 96. ⁋8 Denying my Lord to impertinent suitors and my Lady to unwelcome visitants.

1780 R. B. Sheridan School for Scandal v. ii. 66 He was carried home immediately, and has given possitive orders to be denied to every body.

1869 A. Trollope Phineas Finn II. lvii. 158 I had told the servant to deny me.

1885 Law Times Rep. 52 614/2 When a debtor keeps house and denies himself to a creditor.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	deny
释义	† denyn.¹ Forms: Also denay(e. Etymology: < French déni, Old French desni; also denoi , desnoy : from stem of denier to deny v., originally denei-er, denoi-er. Obsolete. Act of denying. 1. Denial, contradiction of a statement; negation. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > denial or contradiction > [noun] andsechOE nitea1400 nyingc1429 naying1430 negationc1450 contradiction1526 deny1535 nay-saying1535 deniance1548 denial1576 infringement1593 nay-saya1598 negativing1777 denying1785 denegation1831 1535 G. Joye Apol. Tindale sig. A.v^v The Saduceis in denying the lyfe aftir this, denied by the same denye but onely those two. 2. Refusal (of what is asked, offered, etc.). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [noun] warningc1000 refusea1393 refusing?a1400 naying1430 denyingc1450 refusal1474 repulsec1475 denegation1489 denial1528 deny?1529 refute1535 nay-saya1598 recusancy1597 detrectation1623 vetation1623 renuence1654 detraction1660 recusance1700 nayword1817 turn-down1902 ?1529 Proper Dyaloge Gentillman & Husbandman sig. A iij^v Theyr chefe lordshyppes and londes princypall..Vnto the clergye they gaue..Which to resceyue with oute excepcyon The couetous clergy made no denaye. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne xvi. xxv. 285 Of milde denaies, of tender scornes, of sweet Repulses. 1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 83 Yet vse no threats, nor give them flat Denies. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) ii. iv. 124 My loue can giue no place, bide no denay . View more context for this quotation 1622 S. Rowlands Good Newes & Bad Newes sig. E3 The second widow gaue him the denie. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † denydenyen.² Etymology: < Old French deiené, deené, dené, modern French doyenné, originally Old French deienet < Latin decānātus. Obsolete. rare. = deanery n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > council > chapter > member of chapter > [noun] > head > office of deny1340 deaneryc1440 deanship1611 1292 Britton ii. xvii. §6 Sicum dené ou thresorie ou chaunterie.] 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 42 Dyngnetes of holi cherche, ase byeþ bissopriches, abbayes, oþer denyes [Fr. deenez]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2021). denyv. Brit. /dᵻˈnʌɪ/, U.S. /dəˈnaɪ/, /diˈnaɪ/ Forms: Middle English–1500s denye, 1500s–1600s denie, Middle English– deny; also Middle English denoy(e, Middle English–1600s denay(e. Etymology: < French dénier (Old French also deneier , -noier , -neer ) = Provençal deneyar , denegar , Spanish denegar , Italian dinegare < Latin dēnegāre , < de- prefix 1c + negāre to say no, refuse, deny. In Old French the atonic stem-form was denei-er, denoi-er ( < dēneˈgāre), the tonic deni-e ( < denieie, < dēˈnegat); by carrying each of these through, there arose two forms denei-er (denoi-er), deni-er, whence Middle English deney, denay (denoy), and deny. By 16th cent. writers, to whom denay was more or less of an archaism, it was apparently associated with nay: compare the following:c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. Cviij^v Y^e state of cardynal whiche was naied and denayed hym by y^e kyng. I. To say ‘no’ to a statement, assertion, doctrine. 1. To contradict or gainsay (anything stated or alleged); to declare to be untrue or untenable, or not what it is stated to be. a. Const. with simple object (formerly sometimes a person). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > denial or contradiction > deny or contradict [verb (transitive)] withquethec888 withsake971 falsea1225 withsay?c1225 denyc1300 again-saya1382 naitc1390 nitec1390 naya1400 nicka1400 warna1400 denytec1420 traversea1450 repugnc1456 unsayc1460 renay1512 disavow?1532 disaffirm1548 contradict1582 fault1585 belie1587 infringe1590 dementie1594 abnegate1616 negate1623 nege1624 abrenounce1656 nay-saya1774 negative1784 dement1884 c1300 K. Alis. 3999 Antiochus saide..Thow hast denied thyself here. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 249 Þis was certified, & sikere on ilk side. It myght not be denied. c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) iii. xii. 81 That may nat be denoyed, quod I. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 40 He liȝþ, þat..denaiþ þat, & affermiþ þe contrari. 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. xxxix^v And worthy they were, what man can it denay [rhyme betray]. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV Introd. f. ii^v Deniyng fiersly al the other new inuencions alleged & proponed to his charge. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xlvi. sig. D2^v But the defendant doth that plea deny . View more context for this quotation 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. vi. xi. 302 Jones could not deny the Charge. View more context for this quotation 1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles Prelim. Ess. 67 Hume does not..absolutely deny the miracle. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 199 You may have to deny your words. figurative.1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 63 The Duke was set at the very end crosse-legged like a Taylour, but his fierce aspect and brauery denied that title. b. Const. with that and clause, or object and infinitive (after Latin); formerly also with simple infinitive Formerly sometimes with negative or but in the clause. ΚΠ 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 3572 Men shuld not denye..Þat þe saules of þam þat er dede here Of payn may relesed be. c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii. v. 49 I denye þat þilke þing be good þat anoyeþ hym þat haþ it. c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iii. x. 88 It may nat ben denoyed þat þilke goode ne is. 1436 Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 180 The chefare..noman may denyene, Is not made in Braban. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 44 I denoy me not to have seid þis. a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 49/1 No man denieth..but that your grace were..most necessary aboute your children. 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 157^v Denying the arte of geometrie..to bee to veraye litle use or purpose. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) ii. 49 I denie not but that there have bene amongst us..manie corrupt customes. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 174 Then is a picture not denaid, To be a muet Poesie. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iv. 157 Taxing the poore king of treason, who denied to the death not to know of any such matter. 1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 310 I cannot deny but it [rice] is a solid grain. 1791 A. Radcliffe Romance of Forest II. x. 89 You can't deny that your father is cruel. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) II. 414 I beg leave to deny this to be law. 1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 14 It is hard to deny that St. Bernard was a good man. c. absol. ΚΠ 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xviii. 15 Sara denyede, seiynge, I lowȝ not. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 118 Denyyn or naytyn, nego, denego. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 5644 Ilk man for him self denyed. 1568 (a1500) Freiris Berwik l. 362 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1930) IV. 271 Scho saw it wes no bute for to deny. 2. Logic. The opposite of affirm; to assert the contradictory of (a proposition). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > refutation, disproof > refute, disprove [verb (transitive)] > an argument, statement, etc. assoilc1370 disprovec1380 soilc1380 conclude1388 unprovea1425 denyc1425 oppugn?1435 deprevea1450 refelc1450 disapprove1481 impreve1488 confute1529 deprove1530 convince?1531 refute1533 save1591 convict1593 elide1593 redargue1613 to wrestle off1639 c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. iii. 68 And [I] grantis, he sayd, þe antecedens; Bot I deny þe consequens. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. v. 502 I deny your Maior. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. i. 82 Sp. Nay, that I can deny by a circumstance. Pro. It shall goe hard but ile proue it by another. View more context for this quotation 1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements ii. 41 Let + A be to be multiply'd into B—C; then because + A is not affirmed of all B, but only of a part of it, whereby it exceeds C, therefore AC must remain denied. 1725 I. Watts Logick iii. ii. §2 If the middle term be denied of either part of the conclusion, it may shew that the terms of the conclusion disagree, but it can never shew that they agree. 1866 T. Fowler Elem. Deduct. Logic (1869) 110 If we affirm the antecedent, we must affirm the consequent, or, if we deny the consequent, we must deny the antecedent; but, if we deny the antecedent or affirm the consequent, no conclusion can be drawn. 3. a. To refuse to admit the truth of (a doctrine or tenet); to reject as untrue or unfounded; the opposite of assert or maintain. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > disbelief, incredulity > disbelieve [verb (transitive)] mislevea1200 mistrowa1375 untrowc1380 disallowc1400 misbelievea1450 unbelieve1547 discredit1548 miscredita1555 deny1629 disbelieve1645 disesteema1676 1629 W. Prynne Church of Englands Old Antithesis 88 This were to denie either the vniuersalitie or the æquality of originall corruption. 1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §20 That doctrine of Epicurus, that denied the Providence of God, was no Atheism..Those that heretofore denied the Divinity of the Holy Ghost. View more context for this quotation 1686 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. II II. vii. 1175 To deny the resurrection of Christ. 1733 G. Berkeley Theory of Vision §6. 9 They who deny the Freedom and Immortality of the Soul in effect deny its Being. a1856 W. Hamilton Lect. Metaphysics (1860) IV. xxvi. 58 Those who still denied the apparition of ghosts. b. To refuse to admit the existence of; to reject as non-existent or unreal. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > disbelief, incredulity > disbelieve [verb (transitive)] > deny existence of abnegate1616 deny1621 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. iii. 71 Many deny Witches at all, or if there be any, they can doe no harme. 1879 Standard 29 Nov. 5/4 The Albanian League, so often denied, has again been proved to have a real existence. II. To say ‘no’ to the claims of. 4. a. To refuse to recognize or acknowledge (a person or thing) as having a certain character or certain claims; to disown, disavow, repudiate, renounce. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > repudiation or refusal to acknowledge > repudiate or refuse to acknowledge [verb (transitive)] dissolve1382 denyc1384 renaya1450 forswearc1475 repudy1477 disallowa1513 abrenounce1537 repudiate1560 have1579 disclaim1596 renounce1617 abrenunciate1618 unowna1657 disown1666 refute1886 slam1973 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xii. 9 Forsoth he that schal denye me bifor men, schal be denyed bifore the aungelis of God. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 20871 Denyinge he [sc. St. Peter] fel wepynge he ros. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xi. 45 Þare denyed Petre oure Lord. 1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay 16 Thay that denisz thair dettis and wil noth pay thair crediturs. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 24 I wyl not deny my Greecian ofspring. 1604 King James VI & I Counterblaste to Tobacco sig. B2 Why do we not denie God and adore the Deuill, as they doe? 1622 G. Wither St. Peter's Day For if thy great apostle said He would not thee denie, Whom he that very night denayd, On what shall we relie? 1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World vii. 224 Some of his men,..happening to be taken separately, he denied them, and suffer'd eight of them to be hang'd, as pyrates. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 176 He could not deny his own hand and seal. 1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 317 Swend.., the godson of Cæsar, had denied his faith. b. with complemental object or phrase. (Often blending with 1b.) ΚΠ 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 117 Thou for whom Ioue would sweare..And denie himselfe for Ioue. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) i. ii. 251 Hast thou denied thy selfe a Faulconbridge? View more context for this quotation 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 123 Letter of Credence signed by his King..who..denied them for true. III. To say ‘no’ to a request or proposal, or to him who makes it; to refuse. 5. a. To refuse or withhold (anything asked for, claimed or desired); to refuse to give or grant. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > withhold or refuse to give forbar1303 denyc1374 again-holda1382 withdrawc1386 restraina1393 to shut up1526 renounce1617 denegate1623 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 1489 Deiphebus..Come hire to preye..To holde hym on þe morwe companye At dyner, which she wolde not denye. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cc. f. cxxi He asked a great summe of money of seynt Edmundes landes, whiche the rulers denayed. c1590 C. Marlowe Faustus (Rtldg.) 98/1 Not to deny The just requests of those that wish him well. 1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer 268 I will denay No more obedience then by law I may. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 56 Trees their Forrest-fruit deny'd . View more context for this quotation 1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey I. iii. 331 The royal dame his lawless suit deny'd. a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 161 Thou art very bold to take What we must still deny. b. Const. (a) To deny a thing to a person, or (b) a person a thing. The latter connects this with sense 6; but the personal object was here originally dative, while there it appears to be accusative. In the passive either object may be made subject. ΚΠ (a) 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) vi. xii. 196 Auctoryte of techynge and soueraynte is graunted to men and denyed to wymmen. 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. v^v To vs may no hauen in Englonde be denayd. 1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Av ^v Mete and drynke was denyed to none of them. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. iii. 531 Giue to dogges What thou denyest to men. View more context for this quotation 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 278. ⁋2 You will not deny your Advice to a distressed Damsel. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 73 Experience will not allow us to deny a place to art. (b)a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 1586 He [sc. þe fende] wende þat god of miȝt walde deny ham heyuen briȝt.1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. L.iiii To denay, His own deare child, & sonne in lawe The thing that both did pray.a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. iii. 107 Then let him be denay'd the Regent-ship. View more context for this quotation1649 H. Lawrence Some Considerations Use Holy Script. 36 No man that considers the premises will deny me this, That [etc.].1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 3 It is unjust to denie Merchants or Strangers the benefit of Port, Provisions, Commerce, and Navigation.1814 I. D'Israeli Quarrels Auth. II. 277 All the consolations of Fame were denied him during his life.1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. iii. vii. 701 Parliament was denied its proper control over an important branch of public expenditure. c. figurative (predicated of things.) ΚΠ 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 78 Finding no armour that..denied entrance to the fine edge of his damask blade. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 137 A steep wilderness, whose hairie sides..Access deni'd . View more context for this quotation 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 61 The known Course of Human things,..denies to Virtue its full Scope. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iii. §6. 146 Their [the Friars'] vow of poverty..would have denied them the possession of books. 6. To say ‘no’ to, to refuse (a person who makes a request or demand); †to reject (a candidate). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] warnc897 willeOE forbidc1000 warnc1000 willOE asake1250 withsay1297 gainsayc1330 recusea1387 naitc1390 to say naya1393 again-say?a1400 denyc1400 withnayc1400 biwern1413 refuse?1435 resist1539 detrect1542 renege1545 detract1572 waive1642 declinea1691 nay-say1762 nay-saya1774 nix1903 off1908 ixnay1937 the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > reject or cast off a person refusec1390 wavescha1400 denyc1400 rejectc1450 replya1500 repudiate1534 to fling off1587 reprobate1747 veto1839 to tie a can to (or on)1926 to give (a person) the elbow1938 wipe1941 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1497 Ȝif any were so vilanous þat yow de-naye wolde. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1493 For þat durst I not do, lest I denayed were. c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Add. MS.) lxxxv. 405 I may not denye you of that ye aske. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7097 He denyet hym anon with a nait wille. 1591 R. Greene Maiden's Dreame The poor were never at their need denaid. a1592 H. Smith Serm. (1637) 508 A number that will denie a poore body of a pennie. 1676 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 338 Richard Healy..stood for Bachelor of Arts and was denied. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals v, in tr. Virgil Wks. 25 In his Beauty's Pride; When Youth and Love are hard to be deny'd. 1773 O. Goldsmith She stoops to Conquer iii. 54 This is but a shallow pretence to deny me. 1851 H. W. Longfellow Golden Legend ii. 80 Firmly to deny The tempter, though his power is strong. 1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. I. 256 Where everybody begs, everybody, as a general rule, must be denied. 7. to deny oneself: to withhold from oneself, or refrain from, the gratification of desire; to practise self-denial, self-renunciation, or self-abnegation. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > unselfishness > put aside one's own interests [verb (reflexive)] > deny oneself forsakec1175 to deny oneselfc1384 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xvi. 24 Ȝif eny man wole cume after me, denye he hym self, and take his crosse, and sue me. c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. xxxvii. 107 Sonne, þou maist not haue parfit liberte, but þou denye þiself utterly. 1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. i. 4 Room to deny ourselves. †8. To refuse to do (be, or suffer) anything. Obsolete.(Formerly sometimes with negative clause, and elliptically with pronominal substitute (it, which, etc.) for infinitive). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > refuse to do something warnc900 withsaya1225 wondec1315 refusea1325 denya1400 nayc1400 recusec1425 renayc1489 renounce1582 disclaim1586 to draw the line1839 a1400 Pistill of Susan 140 Ȝif þou þis neodes deny. c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 80 Ne for us denyd noght for to rise. a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 85 The king sent vnto her onis, tuyes, thries, and she denied not to come. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 152/1 in Chron. I They flatly denyed to do any of those things. a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 179 If she denie to wed. View more context for this quotation 1647 T. May Hist. Parl. ii. iii. 34 The King denied to give any other Answer. 1725 Bp. J. Butler Serm. (1726) vii. 125 He absolutely denyed to curse Israel. 1807 G. Crabbe Library (rev. ed.) in Poems 140 Why then denies the studious Man to share Man's common Good. absolute.1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel ii. xxix. 55 And how she blushed, and how she sighed, And, half consenting, half denied, And said that she would die a maid. †9. To refuse permission to, not to allow; to forbid (to do anything, the doing of it). Obsolete or archaic. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > prohibition > prohibit [verb (transitive)] > disallow or refuse permission haveOE refusec1485 impreve1488 denyc1515 suppressa1538 disallow1563 to hear of1584 c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxxxiv. 264 [He] herde how Gerarde offred to goo..how he had denyed hym to go. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 174 One thing more, That woman-hood denies my tong to tell. View more context for this quotation 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. iii. 128 I am denyed to sue my Liuery here. View more context for this quotation 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. xi. §3. 206 This place denieth dispute. 1642 King Charles I His Majesties Answer Declar. both Houses conc. Comm. Array 1 July 55 Inforced..to deny a good Law, for an ill Preamble. a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1691) x. 116 The Laws denying Strangers to Purchase. 1718 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad IV. xvi. 463 Patroclus shakes his Lance; but Fate denies. 1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia I. xiv. 98 You may deny me to accompany you, but cannot hinder me from following. †10. To refuse to take or accept. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > decline to receive or accept forsakea800 refusec1400 renayc1400 repelc1443 reject1532 disavow1579 balk1587 deny1590 disaccept1647 to pass up1896 to turn down1900 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. vii. sig. Ii8^v What were those three, The which thy proffred curtesie denayd? 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. i. 205 If you..deny his offred homage. View more context for this quotation 1691 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 362 Dr. Beveridge did lately denie the bishoprick of Bath and Wells. 1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xvii. 78 Their false addresses gen'rous he deny'd. 11. †a. To refuse admittance to (a visitor); to be ‘not at home’ to. (Akin to 6.) Obsolete. ΚΠ 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. v. 502 If you wil deny the Sheriffe so, if not, let him enter. View more context for this quotation 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 89. ⁋9 When he is too well to deny Company, and too ill to receive them. 1736 J. Hort Proposal Quadrille 1 At Doors where they expect to be denied. b. To refuse access to (a person visited); to announce as ‘not at home’. (Akin to 5.) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > visit > visiting > visit [verb (transitive)] > refuse access to (a person visited) deny1665 1665 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 44 I was at Gasington to speake with Mrs. H...but she denied her selfe. 1689 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 317 I inquir'd after him; he denied himself. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 96. ⁋8 Denying my Lord to impertinent suitors and my Lady to unwelcome visitants. 1780 R. B. Sheridan School for Scandal v. ii. 66 He was carried home immediately, and has given possitive orders to be denied to every body. 1869 A. Trollope Phineas Finn II. lvii. 158 I had told the servant to deny me. 1885 Law Times Rep. 52 614/2 When a debtor keeps house and denies himself to a creditor. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹?1529n.²1340v.c1300
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