detergentadj.n.

/dɪˈtəːdʒənt/

Etymology: < Latin dētergēnt-em, present participle of dētergēre : see deterge v. Compare modern French détergent (1611 in Cotgrave, in Dict. Acad. from 1835).

A. adj.

Cleansing, purging.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > [adjective]

cleansinga1300

mundifying1579

scouring1594

detergent1600

detersive1601

abstersory1609

abstergent1617

thorough-cleansing1642

deterging1651

smegmatic1656

extersive1657

tersive1667

smectic1676

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [adjective]

cleansinga1300

mundificativea1400

mundicative1575

detersive1586

detergent1600

deterging1651

depleting1807

depletory1849

eliminant1853

exipotic1856

depletive1885

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique v. xxi. 718 By vertue and force of a detergent facultie, wherewith barlie is greatlie furnished.

1718 J. Quincy Pharmacopœia Officinalis 80 Sage is undoubtedly a very good Cephalick, of the detergent kind.

1805 W. Saunders Treat. Mineral Waters (ed. 2) 434 Sufficient to give it a very soft soapy feel, and to render it more detergent than common water.

1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 648 A detergent antiseptic in various ulcerated..conditions of the mouth.

B. n.

A cleansing agent; anything that cleanses. Now esp., any of various synthetic solids or liquids which are soluble in or miscible with water, which resemble soap in their cleansing properties, but which differ from it in not combining with the salts present esp. in hard water; also, any of various oil-soluble substances which have the property of holding dirt in suspension in lubricating oils; so detergent oil, an oil containing such a substance. Also attributive and in other combinations.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > [noun] > cleaning agent

smegmatic1623

detersive1634

deterger1651

detersory1657

abstergent1658

detergent1676

freshener1876

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing agents > [noun] > detergents

shampoo1838

gunk1932

detergent1938

Teepol1942

polysoap1951

washing-up liquid1971

1676 R. Wiseman Severall Chirurg. Treat. ii. vi. (R.) If too mild detergents caused the flesh to grow lax and spongy, then more powerful driers are required.

1718 J. Quincy Pharmacopœia Officinalis 127 Detergents differ only in Degree of Efficacy from the former Class.

1888 A. Cave Inspiration Old Test. v. 274 He believes in a possible Divine detergent.

1938 Encycl. Brit. Bk. of Year 331/1 Word came of a new process for rapid saponification; the ‘Igepals’ are new detergents of German origin.

1941 Ann. Rep. Prog. Chem. 1940 102 A large number of synthetic substances used during recent years as detergents.

1941 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 45 App. 141 [It] has a viscosity index of approximately 100—nearly twice that previously available in special detergent oils.

1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 45/2 Once a week use hot water and soapless detergent to remove all traces of grease.

1952 M. Laski in Observer 26 Oct. 5/2 Detergent-packets..almost always fall over and spill.

1957 G. I. Brown Introd. Org. Chem. xviii. 223 Synthetic detergents..are usually more soluble in water than soap is; they do not form a scum in hard water; they enable water to spread and penetrate more fully over or through an article being cleaned.

1957 Technology July 168/4 Detergents usually contain a surface active agent, alkylbenzenesulphonate, which influences surface adsorption and, incidentally, causes the familiar foaming (of doubtful utility).

1958 Engineering 21 Mar. 353/3 Detergent powders..which are bought by a large section of the population.

1958 Spectator 4 July 12/1 Like detergent foam in a millrace.

1958 Sunday Times 23 Nov. 28/3 He's..detergent-white and very cuddly.

1959 Engineering 16 Jan. 96/1 Improved performance has followed the use of heavy-duty and detergent oils.

1959 Which? Sept. 105/1 ‘Detergent’ is often used—loosely—as a synonym for ‘synthetic detergent’.

1959 Which? Sept. 105/1 A good detergent is one which removes dirt easily from the clothes, holds the dirt in suspension in the washing-water, so that it can be rinsed away and will not get re-deposited on the clothes, and—in the process—does them no damage.

1960 V. B. Guthrie Petroleum Products Handbk. ii. 34 The use of detergents in oils has introduced additional demands on oxidation inhibitors.

1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) IV. 81/2 Soap..was the principal detergent until superseded in production in 1954 by synthetic detergents.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	detergent
释义	detergentadj.n. /dɪˈtəːdʒənt/ Etymology: < Latin dētergēnt-em, present participle of dētergēre : see deterge v. Compare modern French détergent (1611 in Cotgrave, in Dict. Acad. from 1835). A. adj. Cleansing, purging. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > [adjective] cleansinga1300 mundifying1579 scouring1594 detergent1600 detersive1601 abstersory1609 abstergent1617 thorough-cleansing1642 deterging1651 smegmatic1656 extersive1657 tersive1667 smectic1676 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [adjective] cleansinga1300 mundificativea1400 mundicative1575 detersive1586 detergent1600 deterging1651 depleting1807 depletory1849 eliminant1853 exipotic1856 depletive1885 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique v. xxi. 718 By vertue and force of a detergent facultie, wherewith barlie is greatlie furnished. 1718 J. Quincy Pharmacopœia Officinalis 80 Sage is undoubtedly a very good Cephalick, of the detergent kind. 1805 W. Saunders Treat. Mineral Waters (ed. 2) 434 Sufficient to give it a very soft soapy feel, and to render it more detergent than common water. 1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 648 A detergent antiseptic in various ulcerated..conditions of the mouth. B. n. A cleansing agent; anything that cleanses. Now esp., any of various synthetic solids or liquids which are soluble in or miscible with water, which resemble soap in their cleansing properties, but which differ from it in not combining with the salts present esp. in hard water; also, any of various oil-soluble substances which have the property of holding dirt in suspension in lubricating oils; so detergent oil, an oil containing such a substance. Also attributive and in other combinations. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > [noun] > cleaning agent smegmatic1623 detersive1634 deterger1651 detersory1657 abstergent1658 detergent1676 freshener1876 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing agents > [noun] > detergents shampoo1838 gunk1932 detergent1938 Teepol1942 polysoap1951 washing-up liquid1971 1676 R. Wiseman Severall Chirurg. Treat. ii. vi. (R.) If too mild detergents caused the flesh to grow lax and spongy, then more powerful driers are required. 1718 J. Quincy Pharmacopœia Officinalis 127 Detergents differ only in Degree of Efficacy from the former Class. 1888 A. Cave Inspiration Old Test. v. 274 He believes in a possible Divine detergent. 1938 Encycl. Brit. Bk. of Year 331/1 Word came of a new process for rapid saponification; the ‘Igepals’ are new detergents of German origin. 1941 Ann. Rep. Prog. Chem. 1940 102 A large number of synthetic substances used during recent years as detergents. 1941 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 45 App. 141 [It] has a viscosity index of approximately 100—nearly twice that previously available in special detergent oils. 1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 45/2 Once a week use hot water and soapless detergent to remove all traces of grease. 1952 M. Laski in Observer 26 Oct. 5/2 Detergent-packets..almost always fall over and spill. 1957 G. I. Brown Introd. Org. Chem. xviii. 223 Synthetic detergents..are usually more soluble in water than soap is; they do not form a scum in hard water; they enable water to spread and penetrate more fully over or through an article being cleaned. 1957 Technology July 168/4 Detergents usually contain a surface active agent, alkylbenzenesulphonate, which influences surface adsorption and, incidentally, causes the familiar foaming (of doubtful utility). 1958 Engineering 21 Mar. 353/3 Detergent powders..which are bought by a large section of the population. 1958 Spectator 4 July 12/1 Like detergent foam in a millrace. 1958 Sunday Times 23 Nov. 28/3 He's..detergent-white and very cuddly. 1959 Engineering 16 Jan. 96/1 Improved performance has followed the use of heavy-duty and detergent oils. 1959 Which? Sept. 105/1 ‘Detergent’ is often used—loosely—as a synonym for ‘synthetic detergent’. 1959 Which? Sept. 105/1 A good detergent is one which removes dirt easily from the clothes, holds the dirt in suspension in the washing-water, so that it can be rinsed away and will not get re-deposited on the clothes, and—in the process—does them no damage. 1960 V. B. Guthrie Petroleum Products Handbk. ii. 34 The use of detergents in oils has introduced additional demands on oxidation inhibitors. 1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) IV. 81/2 Soap..was the principal detergent until superseded in production in 1954 by synthetic detergents. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.1600
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