demarcationn.

/diːmɑːˈkeɪʃən/

Forms: Also demarkation.

Etymology: < Spanish demarcacion (Portuguese demarcação ), noun of action from demarcar to lay down the limits of, mark out the bounds of, < de- = de prep. 3 + marcar to mark v. So French démarcation (1752 in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), < Spanish. First used of the linea de demarcacion (Portuguese linha de demarcação) laid down by the Pope in dividing the New World between the Spanish and Portuguese.

1. The action of marking the boundary or limits of something, or of marking it off from something else; delimitation; separation. Usually in line of demarcation.

a. literal.

(a) Originally in reference to the meridian dividing the Spanish from the Portuguese Indies.The bull of 4 May 1493 ‘sobre la particion del oceano’ fixed the Line of Demarcation at 100 leagues west of the Cape Verde Isles; the ‘Capitulacion de la particion del Mar Oceano entre los Reyes Catolicos y Don Juan Rey de Portugal’, of 7 June 1494, definitely established it at 370 leagues (17½ to an equatorial degree) west of these isles, or about 47° long. W. of Greenwich in the Atlantic, and at the anti-meridian of 133° E. long. in the East Indies. The word occurs in the latter document ‘dentro de la dicha limitacion y demarcacion’. Navarrete Viages II. 121.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > determination of boundary

demarcation1728

delimitation1798

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > land-boundary > determination of boundary

meting1543

mereing1574

boundage1610

abuttallingc1628

limitation1677

demarcation1728

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Line Line of Demarcation, or Alexandrian Line.

1772 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S. Amer. (ed. 3) II. 142 Eastward it extends to Brasil, being terminated by the meridian of demarcation.

1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. (1778) I. iii. 206 The communication with the East Indies, by a course to the westward of the line of demarkation, drawn by the Pope.

1804 R. Southey in Ann. Rev. 2 6 Ruy Falero wanted to bring the Moluccas on the Spanish side of the line of demarcation.

1849 tr. Humboldt's Cosmos II. 655 As early as the 4th of May (1493) the celebrated bull was signed by Pope Alexander VI, which established ‘to all eternity’ the line of demarcation between the Spanish and Portuguese possessions at a distance of one hundred leagues to the west of the Azores.

(b) of other lines dividing regions.

ΚΠ

1801 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. xi. 646 As if the whole North of Germany, within the line of demarcation might very conveniently become a separate empire.

1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. i. v. 51 Nothing but precise demarcation of limits, and the intention of cultivation, can establish the possession.

1856 A. P. Stanley Sinai & Palestine (1858) vi. 267 So completely was the line of demarcation observed..between Phœnicia and Palestine, that their histories hardly touch.

b. figurative.

ΚΠ

1776 J. Bentham Fragm. on Govt. iv. §36 165 These bounds the supreme body..has marked out to its authority: of such a demarcation then what is the effect?

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 43 The speculative line of demarcation, where obedience ought to end, and resistance must begin, is..not easily definable.

1875 C. Lyell & L. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 12) II. iii. xxxvii. 327 Where the lines of demarcation between the species ought to be drawn.

1883 Cent. Mag. Dec. 196/2 A strange demarkation between the sexes was enforced in these ceremonies.

2. attributive. demarcation dispute, demarcation rule, etc., in reference to the precise scope and kind of work laid down by trade unions for their members in their rules, a dispute occurring between two unions where such rules appear to conflict.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [noun] > dispute > between unions

demarcation dispute1930

1930 Monotype Recorder 29 19 The amicable settlement of demarcation problems raised by developments in machines and processes.

1931 Economist 14 Feb. 340/1 In engineering, as in many other British industries, the burden of labour costs has been inflated unduly by rigid demarcation rules.

1940 R. Postgate Verdict of Twelve i. vi. 82 The enforcing of the rule book had already taken out of the hands of the members their power to start continual small strikes over ‘demarcation disputes’.

1963 Ann. Reg. 1962 52 Demarcation dispute in the steel industry between the bricklayers' and steelworkers' unions over who should lay the dolomite blocks used to line furnaces.

1969 Listener 30 Jan. 157/2 David Haworth's Observer report on a demarcation dispute in Barrow may be read as a classic story of an employer setting two unions against each other.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	demarcation
释义	demarcationn. /diːmɑːˈkeɪʃən/ Forms: Also demarkation. Etymology: < Spanish demarcacion (Portuguese demarcação ), noun of action from demarcar to lay down the limits of, mark out the bounds of, < de- = de prep. 3 + marcar to mark v. So French démarcation (1752 in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), < Spanish. First used of the linea de demarcacion (Portuguese linha de demarcação) laid down by the Pope in dividing the New World between the Spanish and Portuguese. 1. The action of marking the boundary or limits of something, or of marking it off from something else; delimitation; separation. Usually in line of demarcation. a. literal. (a) Originally in reference to the meridian dividing the Spanish from the Portuguese Indies.The bull of 4 May 1493 ‘sobre la particion del oceano’ fixed the Line of Demarcation at 100 leagues west of the Cape Verde Isles; the ‘Capitulacion de la particion del Mar Oceano entre los Reyes Catolicos y Don Juan Rey de Portugal’, of 7 June 1494, definitely established it at 370 leagues (17½ to an equatorial degree) west of these isles, or about 47° long. W. of Greenwich in the Atlantic, and at the anti-meridian of 133° E. long. in the East Indies. The word occurs in the latter document ‘dentro de la dicha limitacion y demarcacion’. Navarrete Viages II. 121.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > determination of boundary demarcation1728 delimitation1798 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > land-boundary > determination of boundary meting1543 mereing1574 boundage1610 abuttallingc1628 limitation1677 demarcation1728 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Line Line of Demarcation, or Alexandrian Line. 1772 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S. Amer. (ed. 3) II. 142 Eastward it extends to Brasil, being terminated by the meridian of demarcation. 1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. (1778) I. iii. 206 The communication with the East Indies, by a course to the westward of the line of demarkation, drawn by the Pope. 1804 R. Southey in Ann. Rev. 2 6 Ruy Falero wanted to bring the Moluccas on the Spanish side of the line of demarcation. 1849 tr. Humboldt's Cosmos II. 655 As early as the 4th of May (1493) the celebrated bull was signed by Pope Alexander VI, which established ‘to all eternity’ the line of demarcation between the Spanish and Portuguese possessions at a distance of one hundred leagues to the west of the Azores. (b) of other lines dividing regions. ΚΠ 1801 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. xi. 646 As if the whole North of Germany, within the line of demarcation might very conveniently become a separate empire. 1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. i. v. 51 Nothing but precise demarcation of limits, and the intention of cultivation, can establish the possession. 1856 A. P. Stanley Sinai & Palestine (1858) vi. 267 So completely was the line of demarcation observed..between Phœnicia and Palestine, that their histories hardly touch. b. figurative. ΚΠ 1776 J. Bentham Fragm. on Govt. iv. §36 165 These bounds the supreme body..has marked out to its authority: of such a demarcation then what is the effect? 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 43 The speculative line of demarcation, where obedience ought to end, and resistance must begin, is..not easily definable. View more context for this quotation 1875 C. Lyell & L. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 12) II. iii. xxxvii. 327 Where the lines of demarcation between the species ought to be drawn. 1883 Cent. Mag. Dec. 196/2 A strange demarkation between the sexes was enforced in these ceremonies. 2. attributive. demarcation dispute, demarcation rule, etc., in reference to the precise scope and kind of work laid down by trade unions for their members in their rules, a dispute occurring between two unions where such rules appear to conflict. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [noun] > dispute > between unions demarcation dispute1930 1930 Monotype Recorder 29 19 The amicable settlement of demarcation problems raised by developments in machines and processes. 1931 Economist 14 Feb. 340/1 In engineering, as in many other British industries, the burden of labour costs has been inflated unduly by rigid demarcation rules. 1940 R. Postgate Verdict of Twelve i. vi. 82 The enforcing of the rule book had already taken out of the hands of the members their power to start continual small strikes over ‘demarcation disputes’. 1963 Ann. Reg. 1962 52 Demarcation dispute in the steel industry between the bricklayers' and steelworkers' unions over who should lay the dolomite blocks used to line furnaces. 1969 Listener 30 Jan. 157/2 David Haworth's Observer report on a demarcation dispute in Barrow may be read as a classic story of an employer setting two unions against each other. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1728
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