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单词 dement
释义

dementadj.n.

Brit. /dᵻˈmɛnt/, U.S. /dəˈmɛnt/, /diˈmɛnt/
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French dement; Latin dēment-, dēmēns.
Etymology: < (i) Middle French dement, French dément (adjective) affected with dementia (c1490 as desment ), (noun) person affected with dementia (1832), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin dēment-, dēmēns out of one's mind, mad, insane < dē- de- prefix + ment- , mēns mind (see mental adj.1). Compare Catalan dement, adjective (15th cent.), Spanish demente, adjective (2nd half of the 16th cent. or earlier) and noun (18th cent. or earlier), Portuguese demente, adjective (1789), Italian demente, adjective and noun (1304–8).Later use is apparently largely motivated by consciousness of French dément, adjective and noun.
Now rare.
A. adj.
= demented adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [adjective] > insanity or madness > affected with
woodc725
woodsekc890
giddyc1000
out of (by, from, of) wit or one's witc1000
witlessc1000
brainsickOE
amadc1225
lunaticc1290
madc1330
sickc1340
brain-wooda1375
out of one's minda1387
frenetica1398
fonda1400
formada1400
unwisea1400
brainc1400
unwholec1400
alienate?a1425
brainless1434
distract of one's wits1470
madfula1475
furious1475
distract1481
fro oneself1483
beside oneself1490
beside one's patience1490
dementa1500
red-wood?1507
extraught1509
misminded1509
peevish1523
bedlam-ripe1525
straughta1529
fanatic1533
bedlama1535
daft1540
unsounda1547
stark raving (also staring) mad1548
distraughted1572
insane1575
acrazeda1577
past oneself1576
frenzy1577
poll-mad1577
out of one's senses1580
maddeda1586
frenetical1588
distempered1593
distraught1597
crazed1599
diswitted1599
idle-headed1599
lymphatical1603
extract1608
madling1608
distracteda1616
informala1616
far gone1616
crazy1617
March mada1625
non compos mentis1628
brain-crazed1632
demented1632
crack-brained1634
arreptitiousa1641
dementate1640
dementated1650
brain-crackeda1652
insaniated1652
exsensed1654
bedlam-witteda1657
lymphatic1656
mad-like1679
dementative1685
non compos1699
beside one's gravity1716
hyte1720
lymphated1727
out of one's head1733
maddened1735
swivel-eyed1758
wrong1765
brainsickly1770
fatuous1773
derangedc1790
alienated1793
shake-brained1793
crack-headed1796
flighty1802
wowf1802
doitrified1808
phrenesiac1814
bedlamite1815
mad-braineda1822
fey1823
bedlamitish1824
skire1825
beside one's wits1827
as mad as a hatter1829
crazied1842
off one's head1842
bemadded1850
loco1852
off one's nut1858
off his chump1864
unsane1867
meshuga1868
non-sane1868
loony1872
bee-headed1879
off one's onion1881
off one's base1882
(to go) off one's dot1883
locoed1885
screwy1887
off one's rocker1890
balmy or barmy on (or in) the crumpet1891
meshuggener1892
nutty1892
buggy1893
bughouse1894
off one's pannikin1894
ratty1895
off one's trolley1896
batchy1898
twisted1900
batsc1901
batty1903
dippy1903
bugs1904
dingy1904
up the (also a) pole1904
nut1906
nuts1908
nutty as a fruitcake1911
bugged1920
potty1920
cuckoo1923
nutsy1923
puggled1923
blah1924
détraqué1925
doolally1925
off one's rocket1925
puggle1925
mental1927
phooey1927
crackers1928
squirrelly1928
over the edge1929
round the bend1929
lakes1934
ding-a-ling1935
wacky1935
screwball1936
dingbats1937
Asiatic1938
parlatic1941
troppo1941
up the creek1941
screwed-up1943
bonkers1945
psychological1952
out to lunch1955
starkers1956
off (one's) squiff1960
round the twist1960
yampy1963
out of (also off) one's bird1966
out of one's skull1967
whacked out1969
batshit1971
woo-woo1971
nutso1973
out of (one's) gourd1977
wacko1977
off one's meds1986
a1500 Bernardus de Cura (1870) l. 21 Dame fortowne, cruele and dement.
1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus iii. f. 40v With mind dement vneis scho micht sustene The wordis scharp.
1681 ‘T. Do-Well’ Conf. between Bensalian Bishop & Eng. Doctor 4 By rectifying the Humours,..and inverting, or reverting or expunging the dement and Irregular Idea's.
1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons I. i. ix. 140 Am I dement? Stark wode?
1856 J. H. Newman Callista 194 Speak, man, speak! Are you dumb as well as dement?
1892 Brain 15 205 One patient became more quiet and able to work without being dement.
1997 D. Vanheule tr. in J.-Yves Carlier et al. Who is Refugee? i. ii. 106 The fact that a sane person is considered to be dement..is undeniably of a nature to make her existence unbearable.
B. n. Chiefly Medicine.
A person affected with dementia.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mentally ill person > [noun] > mad person
woodman1297
madmanc1330
lunatic1377
franticc1380
madwomana1438
March harec1500
Bedlam beggar1525
fanaticc1525
bedlama1529
frenetic1528
Jack o' Bedlam1528
Tom o' Bedlam1569
crack-brain1570
madbrain1570
Tom1575
madcap1589
gelt1596
madhead1600
brainsick1605
madpash1611
non compos1628
madling1638
bedlam-man1658
bedlamerc1675
fan1682
bedlamite1691
cracka1701
lymphatic1708
shatter-brain1719
mad1729
maniaca1763
non compos mentis1765
shatter-pate1775
shatter-wit1775
insane1786
craze1831
dement1857
crazy1867
crackpot1883
loony1884
bug1885
psychopath1885
dingbat1887
psychopathic1890
ding-a-ling1899
meshuggener1900
détraqué1902
maddiea1903
nut1908
mental1913
ding1929
lakes1934
wack1938
fruitcake1942
nutty1942
barm-pot1951
nutcake1953
nutter1958
nutcase1959
nut job1959
meshuga1962
nutsy1964
headcase1965
nutball1968
headbanger1973
nutso1975
wacko1977
nut bar1978
mentalist1990
1857 Lancet 18 July 62/2 We want citizens with sound minds in sound bodies, apt to the performance of all the duties of citizenship, in lieu of raving maniacs, moping hypochondriacs, crazy monomaniacs, and chattering dements.
1890 C. A. Mercier Sanity & Insanity xv. 379 An old dement begins to whimper because his posset is not ready.
1913 E. C. Bentley Trent's Last Case iv. 100 You may kick me from here to the nearest lunatic asylum, and hand me over as an incipient dement.
1967 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 113 174/1 Many senile dements are better managed in the community if the burden is shared.
1996 C. Brookmyre Quite Ugly One Morning x. 64 The GRH's bedspace was massively congested with long-stay geriatric cases, screaming, shrieking dements, some of whom had been there for over a decade.
2005 Brain Res. Bull. 65 457 (title) Alpha rhythms in mild dements during visual delayed choice reaction time tasks.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dementv.1

Brit. /dᵻˈmɛnt/, U.S. /dəˈmɛnt/, /diˈmɛnt/
Forms: 1500s demente, 1500s– dement.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin dementare.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin dementare to deceive, hoodwink (Vetus Latina, Vulgate), (intransitive) to be mad (4th cent.), to make demented, drive mad (from 12th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin dēment- , dēmēns dement adj. Compare classical Latin dēmentīre to become deranged, lose one's reason. Compare earlier dement adj.Compare Anglo-Norman dementer (intransitive) to lament (12th cent.; also reflexive), Middle French dementer (reflexive) to grieve or torment oneself (to the point of insanity) (1st half of the 14th cent.; 11th cent. in sense to ‘mourn, lament’; 12th cent. in Old French in intransitive use), to lament, grieve for (something) (13th cent.). Compare also Old Occitan dementar (Occitan dementa), Catalan dementar, Spanish dementar (mid 16th cent. or earlier), Portuguese dementar (a1710), Italian dementare (1st half of the 17th cent. as dimentare), all in sense ‘to drive mad’.
1. transitive. To make demented, drive mad.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > drive mad [verb (transitive)]
turn1372
mada1425
overthrow?a1425
to go (also fall, run) mada1450
deferc1480
craze1503
to face (a person) out ofc1530
dement1545
distemper1581
shake1594
distract1600
to go (also run, set) a-madding (or on madding)1600
unwita1616
insaniate?1623
embedlama1628
dementate1628
crack1631
unreason1643
bemad1655
ecstasya1657
overset1695
madden1720
maddle1775
insanify1809
derange1825
bemoon1866
send (someone) up the wall1951
1545 G. Joye Expos. Daniel (v.) f. 90v He was thus demented and bewitched with these pestilent perswasions.
?1550 J. Bale Apol. agaynste Papyst 80 Minysters of Sathan, whych thus seke to demente the symple hartes of the people.
1647 R. Baillie Let. 13 July (1841) III. 9 If the finger of God in their spirits should so farr dement them as to disagree.
1703 D. Williamson Serm. before Gen. Assembly Edinb. 50 The Heathens used to say, whom the gods would destroy these they demented.
1825 London Mag. Aug. 516 They are about as likely to fuddle themselves with ‘Whitbread's entire’ as to dement themselves with The Times.
1890 W. C. Russell Ocean Trag. I. viii It would not require more than two or three incidents of this sort to utterly dement him.
1964 S. Bellow Herzog (1965) 127 The gods were working on him, but they hadn't demented him enough yet.
1993 Daily Tel. 10 July (Weekend Suppl.) 8 To employ this irritating habit occasionally is just forgivable: to pound it onto every page can only dement any reader sensitive to such contemporary infelicity.
2. intransitive. Medicine. To show signs of dementia or an exacerbation of dementia; to develop dementia.
ΚΠ
1866 Trans. Med. Soc. 81 He is serene and comfortable—dementing—yet he is conscious of his condition, and has had other patients write letters for him in which he informs his wife of his progressive illness and loss of mind.
1900 H. J. Berkley Treat. Mental Dis. 421 This periodic form [of insanity] may continue..and be repeated at intervals of a few weeks or months, the individual very slowly dementing in the course of years.
1921 Jrnl. Nerv. & Mental Dis. 53 191 Following admission the patient demented gradually..and also failed physically.
1983 Daily Tel. 23 June 18 When he begins to dement he loses insight into his condition.
2008 C. P. Warlow et al. Stroke xi. 595 Carers may wrongly conclude that the patient is dementing, wilfully obstructive or even deliberately ignoring them.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dementv.2

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French démentir.
Etymology: < French démentir (c1100 in Old French as desmentir ) < des- , dé- de- prefix + mentir to lie (see mentery n.). Compare post-classical Latin dementiri to accuse (a person) of lying (12th cent.; 14th cent. in British sources). Compare earlier dementir v., dementie v.Compare Old Occitan desmentir (c1000), dementir (13th cent.), Spanish desmentir (1220–50), Portuguese dementar (a1710), Italian dementare (1st half of the 17th cent. as †dimentare).
Obsolete. rare.
transitive. To assert to be untrue, contradict.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > denial or contradiction > deny or contradict [verb (transitive)]
withquethec888
withsake971
falsea1225
withsay?c1225
denyc1300
again-saya1382
naitc1390
nitec1390
naya1400
nicka1400
warna1400
denytec1420
traversea1450
repugnc1456
unsayc1460
renay1512
disavow?1532
disaffirm1548
contradict1582
fault1585
belie1587
infringe1590
dementie1594
abnegate1616
negate1623
nege1624
abrenounce1656
nay-saya1774
negative1784
dement1884
1884 H. S. Wilson Stud. Hist. 330 With firmness, she demented and disproved the lie.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
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adj.n.a1500v.11545v.21884
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