| 单词 | dimethyl ketone |
| 释义 | > as lemmasdimethyl ketone 2. attributive and in other combinations denoting an organic compound in which two equivalents of methyl take the place of two of hydrogen, as dimethyl ketone = Acetone CO(CH3)2; dimethylaniline, H5N(CH3)2, one of the aniline bases; dimethyl-benzeneC6H4(CH3)2; dimethyl-ethyl carbinol = tertiary pentyl alcohol, C·OH·(CH3)2·(C2H5); dimethylamine, a colourless gas, (CH3)2NH, which liquefies at 7° C. and has an ammoniacal odour; dimethyl phthalate, a colourless liquid ester, C6H4(COOCH3)2, used esp. in insect repellents and as a plasticizer. ΚΠ 1852 H. Watts tr. L. Gmelin Hand-bk. Chem. VII. 319 Dimethylamine..is formed as a hydriodate..by the action of ammonia on iodide of methyl. 1868 H. B. Jones & H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) 576 Xylene..or Dimethyl-benzene. 1869 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xxx. 307 The secondary propyl alcohol or dimethyl carbinol..boils at 84°. 1880 Friswell in Jrnl. Soc. Arts 444 The dimethyl compound resulting from the use of two molecules of the alcoholic compound. 1910 Jrnl. Soc. Chem. Industry 29 1398/2 Perfectly clear solutions of rosin are obtained by warming it with 30 per cent. of its weight of dimethyl or diethyl phthalate. 1944 Knipling & Dove in Jrnl. Econ. Entomol. 37 479/2 Dimethyl phthalate had been found by the Orlando workers to be a good flea repellent. 1946 Lancet 13 Apr. 559/2 Dimethyl-phthalate (D.M.P.), a repellant used against the mosquito during the war. 1947 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) VIII. 7/2 Dimethylamine has been employed as an accelerator in vulcanising rubber, and in the manufacture of detergent soaps. 1947 R. L. Wakeman Chem. Commercial Plastics xxii. 665 The number of plasticizers which can be used successfully with cellulose acetate is also restricted. Dimethyl and diethyl phthalates..are often used. dimethyl ketone The name of a class of chemical compounds formed by oxidation of the secondary alcohols or carbinols, to which they stand in some respects in the relation of aldehydes. The lowest of the series, dimethyl ketone, is common acetone n.‘The ketones, in their simplest form, contain a carbonyl group CO attached to two monad hydrocarbon radicles. If the two radicles are identical as in acetone, the compound is a simple ketone; if different, as in methyl-ethyl-ketone CH3·CO·CH2·CH3, it is a mixed ketone. Compounds containing two carbonyl groups are termed diketones; those containing three triketones’ (Morley & Muir Watts' Dict. Chem. III. 102/2). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > ketones > [noun] ketone1851 1851 J. S. Brazier & G. Gossleth in Q. Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 3 215 A new class of bodies known under the name of acetones or ketones. 1851 J. S. Brazier & G. Gossleth in Q. Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 3 215 In preparing the ketone of caproic acid. 1852 H. Watts tr. L. Gmelin Hand-bk. Chem. VII. 214 (heading) Acetones in general or Ketones. All ketones are highly combustible. 1868 H. B. Jones & H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) 619 The formation of a ketone by oxidation is the essential characteristic of a secondary alcohol. 1872 H. Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 764 A peculiar penetrating smell, which deserves to be called the ketone-smell. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 200 Glucose (C6H12O6) now regarded as a ketone of a hexatomic alcohol. < as lemmas |
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