alterationn.

Brit.

/ˌɔːltəˈreɪʃn/,

/ˌɒltəˈreɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌɔltəˈreɪʃən/,

/ˌɑltəˈreɪʃən/

Forms: Middle English alteracioun, Middle English alteracyoun, Middle English–1500s alteracion, Middle English–1500s alteracyon, Middle English– alteration, 1600s alteracon, 1700s halteration (in representations of Welsh English); Scottish pre-1700 alteracione, pre-1700 alteracioun, pre-1700 alteracioune, pre-1700 alteratione, pre-1700 alteratioun, pre-1700 1700s– alteration.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French alteration; Latin alteration-, alteratio.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French alteracion, alteration (French altération ) action or process of altering or being altered, change (13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman, originally in medical use with reference to a change of medication), change in character or appearance, altered condition (1380), distemper, fact of being emotionally disturbed (second half of the 15th cent.; early 15th cent. in sense ‘illness, medical condition‘; sense 1b appears to be unparalleled in French), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin alteration-, alteratio change (5th or 6th cent. in Boethius, frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), (in music) doubling of length (14th cent. in a British source) < alterat- , past participial stem of alterare alter v. + classical Latin -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan alteracio (c1350), Catalan alteració (14th cent.), Spanish alteración (a1400 as alteraçion), Italian alterazione (a1292; the specific musical sense is apparently not attested before 1858).

a. The action or process of altering or being altered; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > [noun]

wendingeOE

changing?c1225

stirringa1240

wrixlinga1240

changec1325

variancec1340

transmutationc1380

varyingc1380

whileness1382

translationc1384

alterationa1398

mutationa1398

removinga1425

revolutiona1425

shiftingc1440

changementc1450

muance1480

commutation1509

altry1527

transition1545

turning1548

novation1549

immutation?c1550

alterance1559

alienation1562

turn?1567

vicissitude1603

refraction1614

fermentationa1661

diabasis1672

parallax1677

motion1678

aliation1775

transience1946

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. ix. i. 516 Þere beþ sixe maner meovingis..generacioun, corrupcioun, alteracioun, augmentacioun, diminucioun, and chaunginge of place.

1482 Monk of Evesham 58 Of these alteracyons of tymes..ther was non ende.

1579 in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 81 A mistrust and great dowte of alteracion of religion.

1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xiii. 208 To attempt alteration and chaunge in the church of God.

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxii. 3 Hee's full of alteration.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 55 The inconveniencies that might attend any alteration.

1769 E. Burke Observ. Late State Nation 62 Good men..take advantage of the opportunity of such derangement in favour of an useful alteration.

1803 H. M. Reynolds-Rathbone Diary 30 Feb. (1905) 91 The workmen began the alteration of the nursery. Dirt, noise and confusion.

1861 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 81 222 The forms of the orbits even undergo alteration.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 469 To alteration one pair trousers eleven shillings.

1951 H. C. White Tudor Bks. of Private Devotion iii. 50 The extent to which the..editor carries the process of alteration would seem..to indicate a desire to drive home the meaning of the psalm.

1997 W. Shatner Avenger x. 88 Federation regulations strictly prohibited the alteration of an existing alien biosphere unless it closely matched Earth norms.

†b. Early Music. Extension, esp. doubling, of the value of a note. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [noun] > movement of parts > doubling

alterationc1517

repetition1728

octave doubling1923

doubling1931

c1517 Art of Mvsic f. 21^v Alteration in figuris [after] Joannes de Muris, Is callit ane dublication of the proper valour of any noit aftur ye form of the same, Or It is ane ganimation of ony small noit in respect of the man noit.

a1523 W. Cornishe Treat. Trouth & Information in J. Skelton Wks. (1568) sig. Zvi^v His alteracions & prolacions must be pricked treuly.

1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 24 The note which is to be altered is commonly marked with a pricke of alteration.

1609 J. Dowland tr. A. Ornithoparchus Micrologus 57 Alteration [L. alteratio]..is the doubling of a lesser Note in respect of a greater, or..it is the doubling of the proper value.

a. A change in the character or appearance of a person or thing; an altered condition. Also as a mass noun.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > [noun] > a change

changec1325

skiftc1400

alterationa1529

discrepancy1579

transit1652

traverse1692

chop and change1760

volte1901

switch1920

switch-over1928

a1529 J. Skelton Phyllyp Sparowe (?1545) sig. B.v^v Of this Phenyx kynde Of whose incyneracyon There ryseth a new creacyon Of the same facyon Without alteracyon.

1532 W. Thynne in Wks. Chaucer Ded. sig. Aij^v/2 The contrarietees and alteracions founde by collacion of the one [imprinte] with the other.

1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. 95 Reioycing in this happy alteration.

1656 Disc. Auxiliary Beauty 44 Such patching and piecing of the body, makes far more grosse alterations, & substantiall changes of nature.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 599 Ere long I might perceave Strange alteration in me.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 5 Any known alterations from this statement will be noticed.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 187 Movements of elevation or depression which produce permanent alterations of level.

1891 ‘Q’ Noughts & Crosses 128 In my room, day by day, I brooded upon this—hating my own alteration, and fearing worse.

1911 D. S. Margoliouth Mohammedanism v. 184 Though calling himself a Malikite, he introduced certain alterations in the prayer-ritual.

1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xxxii. 402 This shows..no alteration in the sugar or chloride value.

1990 Amiga Computing Dec. 100/2 Alterations can be made permanent by saving them to disk, so make a backup copy before playing around.

†b. A disordered state of the body; a disease, a disorder. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun]

soreOE

cothec1000

sicknessc1000

evilc1275

maladyc1275

grievance1377

passiona1382

infirmityc1384

mischiefa1387

affectiona1398

grievinga1398

grief1398

sicka1400

case?a1425

plaguec1425

diseasea1475

alteration1533

craze1534

uncome1538

impediment1542

affliction?1555

ailment1606

disaster1614

garget1615

morbus1630

ail1648

disaffect1683

disorder1690

illness1692

trouble1726

complaint1727

skookum1838

claim1898

itis1909

bug1918

wog1925

crud1932

bot1937

lurgy1947

Korean haemorrhagic fever1951

nadger1956

1533 T. Paynell tr. U. von Hutten De Morbo Gallico 60 The alteration whiche than is caused in the disposition of the body, breakynge out with a great violence and shakyng, putteth a man to greuous peyne.

1560 A. L. tr. J. Calvin Serm. Songe Ezechias Ep. Ded. sig. A6 The same maner of fits, passions, alterations, & in euery point the same qualities of sicknes.

1580 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Short Disc. Chirurg. sig. Li ^v Aromatico with Plantayne water..euacuate the stomacke, repercute and mittigateth the alteration.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. iii. 101 Strange meat..cause notable alterations and distempers.

1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 1st Bk. Wks. xxiii. 100 By which medicine he cleansed all the alteration, and perverse habitude of his braine.

1671 R. Head & F. Kirkman Eng. Rogue III. 18 I found a strange alteration in my body, being taken with pewkings, and Vomitings.

1722 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 32 30 This Application produced no considerable Alteration in the Dog; he neither appear'd sleepy nor stomachless.

c. A modification to the style, tailoring, or size of an article of clothing.

ΚΠ

1724 Briton No. 7. 28 You would mightily oblige me by letting me understand what important Alteration in the Cut of your Sleeve at present takes up your Time.

1842 A. Butler Herberts I. v. 304 Scarcely a day passed when the fair Miss Sharper did not visit the school-room to get the governess to make an alteration in her dress, in her bonnet, or in some other article of finery.

1947 Atlanta Daily World 14 Sept. 3/7 Dressmaking and alterations under the direction of Mrs. Fannie Mae Lay, well trained and competent dressmaker.

2002 Readers Digest New Compl. Guide Sewing ii. 54 (caption) Note on the master pattern as close to each alteration as possible the amount you have added or taken away.

Compounds

alteration hand n. a person employed to alter or remake clothes; cf. alter v. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > carrying out specific processes > altering > one who

fitter1858

alteration hand1884

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > carrying out specific processes > repairing or renovating > one who

dubber1225

renovater1791

busheler1846

bushelman1864

clobberer1864

reviver1864

alteration hand1884

1884 Aberdeen Jrnl. 27 Nov. 1/3 (advt.) Wanted, Immediately, Experienced Alteration Hands for Mantles.

1987 Evening Sentinel (Staffs.) 24 Nov. 12/2 (advt.) Alteration Hand required by exclusive gown shop.

1997 W. Gamber Female Econ. vii. 197 By 1909, alteration hands outnumbered dressmakers ten to one in Baltimore department stores.

alteration product n. Mineralogy a product of the natural chemical or mineralogical alteration of a mineral.

ΚΠ

1877 E. S. Dana Text-bk. Mineral. 336 Dudleyite.—Alteration product of margarite.

1900 Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. No. 165. 181 This alteration product appears somewhat like the iddingsite found in the Californian teschenite.

2007 A. Singer Soils of Israel vi. 204/2 Underground alteration products of pyroclastics in the Golan Heights presumably formed in the past under shallow subaquatic conditions such as marshes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alteration
释义	alterationn. Brit. /ˌɔːltəˈreɪʃn/, /ˌɒltəˈreɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌɔltəˈreɪʃən/, /ˌɑltəˈreɪʃən/ Forms: Middle English alteracioun, Middle English alteracyoun, Middle English–1500s alteracion, Middle English–1500s alteracyon, Middle English– alteration, 1600s alteracon, 1700s halteration (in representations of Welsh English); Scottish pre-1700 alteracione, pre-1700 alteracioun, pre-1700 alteracioune, pre-1700 alteratione, pre-1700 alteratioun, pre-1700 1700s– alteration. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French alteration; Latin alteration-, alteratio. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French alteracion, alteration (French altération ) action or process of altering or being altered, change (13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman, originally in medical use with reference to a change of medication), change in character or appearance, altered condition (1380), distemper, fact of being emotionally disturbed (second half of the 15th cent.; early 15th cent. in sense ‘illness, medical condition‘; sense 1b appears to be unparalleled in French), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin alteration-, alteratio change (5th or 6th cent. in Boethius, frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), (in music) doubling of length (14th cent. in a British source) < alterat- , past participial stem of alterare alter v. + classical Latin -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan alteracio (c1350), Catalan alteració (14th cent.), Spanish alteración (a1400 as alteraçion), Italian alterazione (a1292; the specific musical sense is apparently not attested before 1858). 1. a. The action or process of altering or being altered; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > [noun] wendingeOE changing?c1225 stirringa1240 wrixlinga1240 changec1325 variancec1340 transmutationc1380 varyingc1380 whileness1382 translationc1384 alterationa1398 mutationa1398 removinga1425 revolutiona1425 shiftingc1440 changementc1450 muance1480 commutation1509 altry1527 transition1545 turning1548 novation1549 immutation?c1550 alterance1559 alienation1562 turn?1567 vicissitude1603 refraction1614 fermentationa1661 diabasis1672 parallax1677 motion1678 aliation1775 transience1946 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. ix. i. 516 Þere beþ sixe maner meovingis..generacioun, corrupcioun, alteracioun, augmentacioun, diminucioun, and chaunginge of place. 1482 Monk of Evesham 58 Of these alteracyons of tymes..ther was non ende. 1579 in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 81 A mistrust and great dowte of alteracion of religion. 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xiii. 208 To attempt alteration and chaunge in the church of God. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxii. 3 Hee's full of alteration. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 55 The inconveniencies that might attend any alteration. 1769 E. Burke Observ. Late State Nation 62 Good men..take advantage of the opportunity of such derangement in favour of an useful alteration. 1803 H. M. Reynolds-Rathbone Diary 30 Feb. (1905) 91 The workmen began the alteration of the nursery. Dirt, noise and confusion. 1861 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 81 222 The forms of the orbits even undergo alteration. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 469 To alteration one pair trousers eleven shillings. 1951 H. C. White Tudor Bks. of Private Devotion iii. 50 The extent to which the..editor carries the process of alteration would seem..to indicate a desire to drive home the meaning of the psalm. 1997 W. Shatner Avenger x. 88 Federation regulations strictly prohibited the alteration of an existing alien biosphere unless it closely matched Earth norms. †b. Early Music. Extension, esp. doubling, of the value of a note. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [noun] > movement of parts > doubling alterationc1517 repetition1728 octave doubling1923 doubling1931 c1517 Art of Mvsic f. 21^v Alteration in figuris [after] Joannes de Muris, Is callit ane dublication of the proper valour of any noit aftur ye form of the same, Or It is ane ganimation of ony small noit in respect of the man noit. a1523 W. Cornishe Treat. Trouth & Information in J. Skelton Wks. (1568) sig. Zvi^v His alteracions & prolacions must be pricked treuly. 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 24 The note which is to be altered is commonly marked with a pricke of alteration. 1609 J. Dowland tr. A. Ornithoparchus Micrologus 57 Alteration [L. alteratio]..is the doubling of a lesser Note in respect of a greater, or..it is the doubling of the proper value. 2. a. A change in the character or appearance of a person or thing; an altered condition. Also as a mass noun. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > [noun] > a change changec1325 skiftc1400 alterationa1529 discrepancy1579 transit1652 traverse1692 chop and change1760 volte1901 switch1920 switch-over1928 a1529 J. Skelton Phyllyp Sparowe (?1545) sig. B.v^v Of this Phenyx kynde Of whose incyneracyon There ryseth a new creacyon Of the same facyon Without alteracyon. 1532 W. Thynne in Wks. Chaucer Ded. sig. Aij^v/2 The contrarietees and alteracions founde by collacion of the one [imprinte] with the other. 1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. 95 Reioycing in this happy alteration. 1656 Disc. Auxiliary Beauty 44 Such patching and piecing of the body, makes far more grosse alterations, & substantiall changes of nature. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 599 Ere long I might perceave Strange alteration in me. View more context for this quotation 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 5 Any known alterations from this statement will be noticed. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 187 Movements of elevation or depression which produce permanent alterations of level. 1891 ‘Q’ Noughts & Crosses 128 In my room, day by day, I brooded upon this—hating my own alteration, and fearing worse. 1911 D. S. Margoliouth Mohammedanism v. 184 Though calling himself a Malikite, he introduced certain alterations in the prayer-ritual. 1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xxxii. 402 This shows..no alteration in the sugar or chloride value. 1990 Amiga Computing Dec. 100/2 Alterations can be made permanent by saving them to disk, so make a backup copy before playing around. †b. A disordered state of the body; a disease, a disorder. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun] soreOE cothec1000 sicknessc1000 evilc1275 maladyc1275 grievance1377 passiona1382 infirmityc1384 mischiefa1387 affectiona1398 grievinga1398 grief1398 sicka1400 case?a1425 plaguec1425 diseasea1475 alteration1533 craze1534 uncome1538 impediment1542 affliction?1555 ailment1606 disaster1614 garget1615 morbus1630 ail1648 disaffect1683 disorder1690 illness1692 trouble1726 complaint1727 skookum1838 claim1898 itis1909 bug1918 wog1925 crud1932 bot1937 lurgy1947 Korean haemorrhagic fever1951 nadger1956 1533 T. Paynell tr. U. von Hutten De Morbo Gallico 60 The alteration whiche than is caused in the disposition of the body, breakynge out with a great violence and shakyng, putteth a man to greuous peyne. 1560 A. L. tr. J. Calvin Serm. Songe Ezechias Ep. Ded. sig. A6 The same maner of fits, passions, alterations, & in euery point the same qualities of sicknes. 1580 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Short Disc. Chirurg. sig. Li ^v Aromatico with Plantayne water..euacuate the stomacke, repercute and mittigateth the alteration. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. iii. 101 Strange meat..cause notable alterations and distempers. 1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 1st Bk. Wks. xxiii. 100 By which medicine he cleansed all the alteration, and perverse habitude of his braine. 1671 R. Head & F. Kirkman Eng. Rogue III. 18 I found a strange alteration in my body, being taken with pewkings, and Vomitings. 1722 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 32 30 This Application produced no considerable Alteration in the Dog; he neither appear'd sleepy nor stomachless. c. A modification to the style, tailoring, or size of an article of clothing. ΚΠ 1724 Briton No. 7. 28 You would mightily oblige me by letting me understand what important Alteration in the Cut of your Sleeve at present takes up your Time. 1842 A. Butler Herberts I. v. 304 Scarcely a day passed when the fair Miss Sharper did not visit the school-room to get the governess to make an alteration in her dress, in her bonnet, or in some other article of finery. 1947 Atlanta Daily World 14 Sept. 3/7 Dressmaking and alterations under the direction of Mrs. Fannie Mae Lay, well trained and competent dressmaker. 2002 Readers Digest New Compl. Guide Sewing ii. 54 (caption) Note on the master pattern as close to each alteration as possible the amount you have added or taken away. Compounds alteration hand n. a person employed to alter or remake clothes; cf. alter v. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > carrying out specific processes > altering > one who fitter1858 alteration hand1884 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > carrying out specific processes > repairing or renovating > one who dubber1225 renovater1791 busheler1846 bushelman1864 clobberer1864 reviver1864 alteration hand1884 1884 Aberdeen Jrnl. 27 Nov. 1/3 (advt.) Wanted, Immediately, Experienced Alteration Hands for Mantles. 1987 Evening Sentinel (Staffs.) 24 Nov. 12/2 (advt.) Alteration Hand required by exclusive gown shop. 1997 W. Gamber Female Econ. vii. 197 By 1909, alteration hands outnumbered dressmakers ten to one in Baltimore department stores. alteration product n. Mineralogy a product of the natural chemical or mineralogical alteration of a mineral. ΚΠ 1877 E. S. Dana Text-bk. Mineral. 336 Dudleyite.—Alteration product of margarite. 1900 Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. No. 165. 181 This alteration product appears somewhat like the iddingsite found in the Californian teschenite. 2007 A. Singer Soils of Israel vi. 204/2 Underground alteration products of pyroclastics in the Golan Heights presumably formed in the past under shallow subaquatic conditions such as marshes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1398
随便看	well-beknown well-believing well-beloved well-benched well-beneficed well-beseeming well-beseemingly well-beseen well-bestowed well-bestrutted well-beteemingness well-blacked well-blended well-blooded well-blown well-boat well-boden well-bodied well-boding well-boiled well-boned well-boring well-born well-bottomed well-bound