detritusn.

/dɪˈtrʌɪtəs/

Etymology: < Latin dētrītus (u-stem) rubbing away. The proper meaning of the Latin word appears in sense 1. The etymologically improper sense 2 may have been taken from French, in which détritus is cited of date 1780 by Hatzfeld & Darmesteter Earlier in the century, according to the Dict. de Trévoux, the more correct détritum was used in French.

Physical Geography.

†1. Wearing away or down by detrition, disintegration, decomposition. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [noun] > loss of material > wearing away > wearing by friction

fretting1382

attrition1601

fridging1607

obtrition1658

detrition1674

detritus1795

1795 J. Hutton Theory Earth (new ed.) I. i. i. 115 Such materials as might come from the detritus of granite.

1795 J. Hutton Theory Earth (new ed.) I. i. ii. 206 I have no where said, that all the soil of this earth is made from the decomposition or detritus of these stony substances.

1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 48 The effects of waste and detritus.

1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 113 Proofs of a detritus which nothing can resist.

1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 123 The waste and detritus to which all things are subject.

2. Matter produced by the detrition or wearing away of exposed surfaces, especially the gravel, sand, clay, or other material eroded and washed away by aqueous agency; a mass or formation of this nature.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > erosion or weathering > [noun] > matter produced by

detritus1802

1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 416 The quantity of detritus brought down by the rivers.

1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 425 The distance to which the detritus from the land is confessedly carried.

1802 J. Playfair in Edinb. Rev. 1 207 When the detritus of the land is delivered by the rivers into the sea.

1823 W. Buckland Reliq. Diluvianæ 26 Deposits of diluvial detritus, like the surface gravel beds of England.

1831 H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. iv. 198 The whole is evidently a detritus of the Alpine rocks, and in it organic remains are by no means common.

1851 M. Reid Scalp Hunters II. xviii. 288 We entered the cañon,..and galloped over the detritus.

1863 J. D. Dana Man. Geol. 643 The fine earthy material deposited by streams or their sediment, is called silt or detritus.

1876 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 6) xix. 389 That broad valley..covered to an immense depth with an angular detritus.

a. transferred and figurative. Waste or disintegrated material of any kind; debris.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun]

wrakea1350

outcastingc1350

rammel1370

rubble1376

mullockc1390

refusec1390

filtha1398

outcasta1398

chaff?a1400

rubbishc1400

wastec1430

drossc1440

raff?1440

rascal1440

murgeonc1450

wrack1472

gear1489

garblec1503

scowl1538

raffle1543

baggage1549

garbage1549

peltry1550

gubbins?1553

lastage1553

scruff1559

retraict1575

ross1577

riddings1584

ket1586

scouring1588

pelf1589

offal1598

rummage1598

dog's meat1606

retriment1615

spitling1620

recrement1622

mundungus1637

sordes1640

muskings1649

rejectament1654

offscouring1655

brat1656

relicts1687

offage1727

litter1730

rejectamenta1795

outwale1825

detritus1834

junk1836

wastements1843

croke1847–78

sculch1847

debris1851

rumble1854

flotsam1861

jetsam1861

pelt1880

offcasting1893

rubbishry1894

littering1897

muckings1898

wastage1898

dreck1905

bruck1929

crap1934

garbo1953

clobber1965

dooky1965

grot1971

tippings-

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > that which is left or remainder > [noun] > remains > after destructive agency > decayed remnant(s)

relicsc1350

ruinc1425

ruins1544

decays1582

debris1708

wreck1713

shard1786

faulturea1821

detritus1834

1834 J. Forbes tr. R. T. H. Laennec Treat. Dis. Chest (ed. 4) 189 The walls of this abscess had..no surface, the pus being observed gradually to pass into a purulent detritus, and this into a firmer tissue.

1849 H. Rogers Ess. II. vi. 306 The loose detritus of thought, washed down to us through long ages.

1851 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. I. 701 The detritus of languages covering the Northern Gauls.

1876 J. Van Duyn & E. C. Seguin tr. E. L. Wagner Man. Gen. Pathol. 192 The red blood-corpuscles and fibrinous detritus..are reabsorbed.

b. An accumulation of debris of any sort.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] > heap or accumulation of

middena1425

dust-heap1654

refuse heap1816

detritus1849

tip1863

dump1865

waste-heap1873

junkyard1885

slag heap1917

1849 A. H. Layard Nineveh & Remains I. i. vii. 188 We found ourselves at the foot of an almost perpendicular detritus of loose stones.

1866 R. Chambers Ess. 1st Ser. 185 There is a detritus of ruin in every corner, composed of broken toys, sofa-pillows, foot-stools.

Draft additions 1997

4. spec. in Ecology. Non-living organic material, esp. as a source of nourishment. Frequently attributive, esp. in detritus-feeding.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > balance of nature > population > [noun] > non-living organic material as source of food

detritus1925

the world > animals > by eating habits > [adjective] > on non-living organic matter

detritivorous1931

detritus-feeding1959

1925 O. D. Hunt in Jrnl. Marine Biol. Assoc. 13 567 Those which feed by selecting from the surrounding water the suspended micro-organisms and detritus,..for want of a better term, may be termed Suspension-feeders.

1949 New Biol. 6 17 The appearance of reeds..leads to large increases in the numbers of algæ and in the amount of organic detritus.

1959 New Biol. 29 99 Others have used tubs containing water in which algae and small herbivorous and detritus-feeding animals succeeded one another.

1984 A. C. Duxbury & A. Duxbury Introd. World's Oceans xv. 481 (caption) The sea cucumbers feed on detritus suspended in the water.

1990 Compl. Angler's Guide Spring 6/1 Nymphs mostly live in or among the silt and bottom detritus.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

单词	detritus
释义	detritusn. /dɪˈtrʌɪtəs/ Etymology: < Latin dētrītus (u-stem) rubbing away. The proper meaning of the Latin word appears in sense 1. The etymologically improper sense 2 may have been taken from French, in which détritus is cited of date 1780 by Hatzfeld & Darmesteter Earlier in the century, according to the Dict. de Trévoux, the more correct détritum was used in French. Physical Geography. †1. Wearing away or down by detrition, disintegration, decomposition. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [noun] > loss of material > wearing away > wearing by friction fretting1382 attrition1601 fridging1607 obtrition1658 detrition1674 detritus1795 1795 J. Hutton Theory Earth (new ed.) I. i. i. 115 Such materials as might come from the detritus of granite. 1795 J. Hutton Theory Earth (new ed.) I. i. ii. 206 I have no where said, that all the soil of this earth is made from the decomposition or detritus of these stony substances. 1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 48 The effects of waste and detritus. 1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 113 Proofs of a detritus which nothing can resist. 1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 123 The waste and detritus to which all things are subject. 2. Matter produced by the detrition or wearing away of exposed surfaces, especially the gravel, sand, clay, or other material eroded and washed away by aqueous agency; a mass or formation of this nature. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > erosion or weathering > [noun] > matter produced by detritus1802 1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 416 The quantity of detritus brought down by the rivers. 1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 425 The distance to which the detritus from the land is confessedly carried. 1802 J. Playfair in Edinb. Rev. 1 207 When the detritus of the land is delivered by the rivers into the sea. 1823 W. Buckland Reliq. Diluvianæ 26 Deposits of diluvial detritus, like the surface gravel beds of England. 1831 H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. iv. 198 The whole is evidently a detritus of the Alpine rocks, and in it organic remains are by no means common. 1851 M. Reid Scalp Hunters II. xviii. 288 We entered the cañon,..and galloped over the detritus. 1863 J. D. Dana Man. Geol. 643 The fine earthy material deposited by streams or their sediment, is called silt or detritus. 1876 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 6) xix. 389 That broad valley..covered to an immense depth with an angular detritus. 3. a. transferred and figurative. Waste or disintegrated material of any kind; debris. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] wrakea1350 outcastingc1350 rammel1370 rubble1376 mullockc1390 refusec1390 filtha1398 outcasta1398 chaff?a1400 rubbishc1400 wastec1430 drossc1440 raff?1440 rascal1440 murgeonc1450 wrack1472 gear1489 garblec1503 scowl1538 raffle1543 baggage1549 garbage1549 peltry1550 gubbins?1553 lastage1553 scruff1559 retraict1575 ross1577 riddings1584 ket1586 scouring1588 pelf1589 offal1598 rummage1598 dog's meat1606 retriment1615 spitling1620 recrement1622 mundungus1637 sordes1640 muskings1649 rejectament1654 offscouring1655 brat1656 relicts1687 offage1727 litter1730 rejectamenta1795 outwale1825 detritus1834 junk1836 wastements1843 croke1847–78 sculch1847 debris1851 rumble1854 flotsam1861 jetsam1861 pelt1880 offcasting1893 rubbishry1894 littering1897 muckings1898 wastage1898 dreck1905 bruck1929 crap1934 garbo1953 clobber1965 dooky1965 grot1971 tippings- the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > that which is left or remainder > [noun] > remains > after destructive agency > decayed remnant(s) relicsc1350 ruinc1425 ruins1544 decays1582 debris1708 wreck1713 shard1786 faulturea1821 detritus1834 1834 J. Forbes tr. R. T. H. Laennec Treat. Dis. Chest (ed. 4) 189 The walls of this abscess had..no surface, the pus being observed gradually to pass into a purulent detritus, and this into a firmer tissue. 1849 H. Rogers Ess. II. vi. 306 The loose detritus of thought, washed down to us through long ages. 1851 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. I. 701 The detritus of languages covering the Northern Gauls. 1876 J. Van Duyn & E. C. Seguin tr. E. L. Wagner Man. Gen. Pathol. 192 The red blood-corpuscles and fibrinous detritus..are reabsorbed. b. An accumulation of debris of any sort. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] > heap or accumulation of middena1425 dust-heap1654 refuse heap1816 detritus1849 tip1863 dump1865 waste-heap1873 junkyard1885 slag heap1917 1849 A. H. Layard Nineveh & Remains I. i. vii. 188 We found ourselves at the foot of an almost perpendicular detritus of loose stones. 1866 R. Chambers Ess. 1st Ser. 185 There is a detritus of ruin in every corner, composed of broken toys, sofa-pillows, foot-stools. Draft additions 1997 4. spec. in Ecology. Non-living organic material, esp. as a source of nourishment. Frequently attributive, esp. in detritus-feeding. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > population > [noun] > non-living organic material as source of food detritus1925 the world > animals > by eating habits > [adjective] > on non-living organic matter detritivorous1931 detritus-feeding1959 1925 O. D. Hunt in Jrnl. Marine Biol. Assoc. 13 567 Those which feed by selecting from the surrounding water the suspended micro-organisms and detritus,..for want of a better term, may be termed Suspension-feeders. 1949 New Biol. 6 17 The appearance of reeds..leads to large increases in the numbers of algæ and in the amount of organic detritus. 1959 New Biol. 29 99 Others have used tubs containing water in which algae and small herbivorous and detritus-feeding animals succeeded one another. 1984 A. C. Duxbury & A. Duxbury Introd. World's Oceans xv. 481 (caption) The sea cucumbers feed on detritus suspended in the water. 1990 Compl. Angler's Guide Spring 6/1 Nymphs mostly live in or among the silt and bottom detritus. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2019). < n.1795
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