detractv.

/dɪˈtrakt/

Forms: Also 1500s Scottish detrack.

Etymology: < Latin dētract- participial stem of dētrahĕre to draw off or away, take away, pull down, disparage, etc., < de- prefix 1b + trahĕre to draw. Compare French détracter (1530 in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter). In some senses apparently directly representing Latin dētractāre or dētrectāre, to decline, refuse, pull down violently, depreciate, frequentative of dētrahĕre. (The chronological order of the senses in English is not that of their original development; sense 3 being the earliest).

I. To take away, take from, take reputation from.

1. transitive. To take away, withdraw, subtract, deduct, abate:

a. some part from (rarely † to) a whole. (Now usually with a quantitative object, as much, something, etc.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > deduction > deduct [verb (transitive)]

abatec1400

rebate1425

batec1440

minishc1483

diminish?1504

detract1509

detray1509

deduct1524

defalkc1540

defalcate1541

subtray1549

derogate1561

discount1561

deduce?1566

substract1592

to strike off1597

reduct1600

subtract1610

subduct1716

to knock off1811

dock1891

shave1961

minus1963

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. xii^v Some tyme addynge, somtyme detractinge and takinge away suche thinges a[s] semeth me necessary and superflue.

?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) ii. xxiii. sig. P ij ^v Then 36 detracted from 48 leueth 12.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. vi. 142 Shall I..Detract so much from that prerogatiue, As to be call'd but Viceroy?

1622 S. Ward Christ All in All (1627) 25 All defects detract nothing to the happiness of him that [etc.].

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) iv. iv. 326 To which there can be nothing added, nor detracted, without a blemish.

1705 E. Scarburgh tr. Euclid in Eng. Euclide 207 Let the magnitude AB be equimultiple of CD, as the part detracted [Gk. ἀϕαιρεθὲν] AE is of the part detracted CF.

1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) lxix That first great grief which..detracts something from the buoyancy of the youngest life.

†b. something from a possessor, etc. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1607 R. Parker Scholasticall Disc. against Antichrist i. ii. 97 They vilifie it and detract much authoritie from it.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 13. ⁋1 A Lady takes all you detract from the rest of her Sex to be a Gift to her.

1710 H. Prideaux Orig. & Right Tithes i. 17 We rob him, whenever we detract from his Ministers any part of that Maintenance.

a. absol. or intransitive. To take away a portion. Usually to detract from: to take away from, diminish, lessen (a quality, value, authority, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > deduction > deduct [verb (intransitive)]

subtray?c1425

abatec1467

detracta1592

substract1637

debate1658

subtract1682

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > deduction > deduct [verb (transitive)] > detract from

takec1475

diminish?1504

derogate1556

to take off1639

to detract from1699

a1592 H. Smith Wks. (1866–7) I. 65 To the testament of him that is dead, no man addeth or detracteth.

1699 Bp. G. Burnet Expos. 39 Articles (1700) vi. 89 This may be urged to detract from its Authority.

1799 H. T. Colebrooke in T. E. Colebrooke Life H. Colebrooke (1873) 446 The sight..detracted from the pleasure with which the landscape might be viewed.

1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 101 These circumstances detract from the weight of the decision.

1863 D. G. Mitchell My Farm of Edgewood 47 This alteration was of so old a date as not to detract from the venerable air of the house.

b. Connoting depreciation: cf. 3c.

ΚΠ

1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie iii. viii. 143 To detract from the dignitie thereof, were to iniurie euen God himselfe.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 212 Our late Historiographers..detracting from his worthie praises.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 5 Without detracting..from the real merit which abounds in the imperial law, I hope I may have leave to assert [etc.].

1882 B. D. W. Ramsay Recoll. Mil. Serv. I. viii. 172 There were always some ready to detract from his fair fame.

†c. quasi-transitive (in loose const.) Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)]

littleeOE

anitherOE

wanzelOE

lessc1225

slakea1300

littenc1300

aslakec1314

adminisha1325

allayc1330

settle1338

low1340

minisha1382

reprovea1382

abatea1398

rebatea1398

subtlea1398

alaskia1400

forlyten?a1400

imminish14..

lessenc1410

diminish1417

repress?a1425

assuagec1430

scarcec1440

small1440

underslakec1440

alessa1450

debate?c1450

batec1460

decreasec1470

appetisse1474

alow1494

mince1499

perswage?1504

remita1513

inless?1521

attenuate1530

weaken1530

defray1532

mitigate1532

minorate1534

narrow?1548

diminuec1550

extenuate1555

amain1578

exolve1578

base1581

dejecta1586

amoinder1588

faint1598

qualify1604

contract1605

to pull down1607

shrivel1609

to take down1610

disaugment1611

impoverish1611

shrink1628

decoct1629

persway1631

unflame1635

straiten1645

depress1647

reduce1649

detract1654

minuate1657

alloy1661

lower?1662

sinka1684

retreat1690

nip1785

to drive down1840

minify1866

to knock down1867

to damp down1869

scale1887

mute1891

clip1938

to roll back1942

to cut back1943

downscale1945

downrate1958

slim1963

downshift1972

1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 452 In Revenge he would have Detracted, and lessen'd his Territories.

1785 T. Jefferson Corr. in Wks. (1859) I. 417 To detract, add to, or alter them as you please.

a. transitive. To take away from the reputation or estimation of, to disparage, depreciate, belittle, traduce, speak evil of. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > disparage or depreciate [verb (transitive)]

littleeOE

low1340

dispraisec1386

minish1402

deroge1427

detractc1449

descryc1450

detrayc1475

dismerit1484

decline1509

vilipend1509

disprize?1518

disable1528

derogatea1530

elevate1541

disparagea1556

detrect1563

debase1565

demerit1576

vilify1586

disgrace1589

detracta1592

besparage1592

enervate1593

obtrect1595

extenuate1601

disvalue1605

disparagon1610

undervalue1611

avile1615

debaucha1616

to cry down1616

debate1622

decry1641

atomize1645

underrate1646

naucify1653

dedignify1654

stuprate1655

de-ample1657

dismagn1657

slur1660

voguec1661

depreciate1666

to run down1671

baffle1674

lacken1674

sneer1706

diminish1712

substract1728

down1780

belittle1789

carbonify1792

to speak scorn of1861

to give one a back-cap1903

minoritize1947

mauvais langue1952

rubbish1953

down-talk1959

marginalize1970

marginate1970

trash1975

neg1987

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 417 Thei bacbiten and detracten the clergie.

1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay 91 Lat wsz forgiff thayme quhilk detrackis and spekis euil of wsz.

1605 B. Jonson Sejanus i. i. 169 To..detract His greatest Actions.

1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. iv. ii. 265 Cato..detracted Pompey, and found fault with his actions.

1632 P. Massinger & N. Field Fatall Dowry i. sig. C4^v Such as may Detract my actions, and life hereafter.

1890 [see detracted adj. at Derivatives].

1891 Smiles Jasmin vii. 93 Jasmin, like every person envied or perhaps detracted, had his hours of depression.

†b. absol. To speak disparagingly; to use or practise detraction. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > speak disparagingly [verb (intransitive)]

diminue1382

misspeaka1393

detract1605

depreciate1666

1605 Bp. J. Hall Medit. & Vowes I. §7 So would there not be so many open mouthes to detract and slaunder.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. ii. 92 To vtter foule speeches, and to detract.

a1816 R. B. Sheridan School for Scandal (rev. ed.) Portrait in Wks. (1821) II. 3 Adepts..who rail by precept, and detract by rule.

†c. intransitive with from (†of).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > disparage or depreciate [verb (transitive)]

littleeOE

low1340

dispraisec1386

minish1402

deroge1427

detractc1449

descryc1450

detrayc1475

dismerit1484

decline1509

vilipend1509

disprize?1518

disable1528

derogatea1530

elevate1541

disparagea1556

detrect1563

debase1565

demerit1576

vilify1586

disgrace1589

detracta1592

besparage1592

enervate1593

obtrect1595

extenuate1601

disvalue1605

disparagon1610

undervalue1611

avile1615

debaucha1616

to cry down1616

debate1622

decry1641

atomize1645

underrate1646

naucify1653

dedignify1654

stuprate1655

de-ample1657

dismagn1657

slur1660

voguec1661

depreciate1666

to run down1671

baffle1674

lacken1674

sneer1706

diminish1712

substract1728

down1780

belittle1789

carbonify1792

to speak scorn of1861

to give one a back-cap1903

minoritize1947

mauvais langue1952

rubbish1953

down-talk1959

marginalize1970

marginate1970

trash1975

neg1987

a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. D3^v Darst thou detract and derogat from him.

1609 Bible (Douay) I. Num. xiii. 33 They detracted from the Land, which they had viewed.

1683 D. A. Whole Art Converse 106 They detract generally of all Mankind.

†II. To draw away, off, out.

†4. transitive. To draw away or aside, withdraw, divert (from an action or undertaking); reflexive and intransitive. To withdraw, refrain. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > abstain or refrain from action [verb (intransitive)]

to let bec1000

fastOE

withdraw1297

letc1374

forbearc1375

abstaina1382

sparec1386

respitea1393

to let alonea1400

refraina1402

supersede1449

deport1477

to hold one's handa1500

spare1508

surcease1542

detract1548

to hold back1576

hold1589

to stand by1590

to hold up1596

suspend1598

stickle1684

to hold off1861

to bottle it1988

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > lack of concentration, distraction > distract [verb (transitive)] > from a purpose, etc.

withdraw1340

distractc1380

waive1390

wresta1400

to turn aside1535

avocate1543

detract1548

to turn off1573

take1574

swaya1593

to put out1616

to put off1631

sidetrack1887

to turn off1951

the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > abstain or refrain from action [verb (reflexive)]

withholdc1200

withdrawc1290

defendc1350

abstainc1380

holda1400

deport1477

forbear1535

check1581

detract1637

1548 W. Patten Exped. Scotl. sig. G.v My lord Marshall..whoom no daunger detracted from dooing his enterprise.

1637 G. Gillespie Dispute against Eng.-Popish Ceremonies Epist. sig. C There are too many Professours who detract themselves from undergoing lesser hazards for the Churches liberty.

1643 H. Slingsby Diary (1836) 104 Long experience hath taught their General wisely to detract from fighting.

1802 Hatred I. 211 [To] detract their attention from every thing foreign.

†5. To draw or pull off. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > uncovering > uncover or remove covering from [verb (transitive)] > strip or make bare > strip by scraping > a covering

scrapea1382

scratc1500

detract1607

scrabble1808

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 628 The skins of Sheep..when the wool is detracted and pulled off from them.

†6.

a. To draw out, lengthen in duration, protract, delay; usually in to detract time. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong

lengOE

drawOE

teec1200

forlengtha1300

lengtha1300

drivec1300

tarryc1320

proloynec1350

continuec1380

to draw alonga1382

longa1382

dretch1393

conservea1398

to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400

prorogue1419

prolongc1425

aroomc1440

prorogate?a1475

protend?a1475

dilate1489

forlong1496

relong1523

to draw out1542

sustentate1542

linger1543

defer1546

pertract1548

propagate1548

protract1548

linger1550

lengthen1555

train1556

detract?a1562

to make forth (long, longer)1565

stretch1568

extend1574

extenuate1583

dree1584

wire-draw1598

to spin out1603

trail1604

disabridge1605

produce1605

continuate1611

out-length1617

spin1629

to eke out1641

producta1670

prolongate1671

drawl1694

drag1697

perennate1698

string1867

perennialize1898

?a1562 G. Cavendish Life Wolsey (1959) 110 I would not have you to detract the time, for hee is very sicke.

1569 Sir J. Hawkins in Hawkins' Voy. (1878) 73 To detract further time.

1579 T. Churchyard Gen. Rehearsall Warres sig. Ij^v The Frenche horsemen..offered a skirmishe to detracte tyme.

1604 C. Edmondes Observ. Cæsars Comm. II. vii. vii. 59 To linger and detract the war.

1605 Play Stucley in R. Simpson School of Shakspere (1878) 188 Some let or other to detract our haste.

†b. absol. or intransitive. To delay. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > delay [verb (intransitive)]

geleOE

studegieOE

abideOE

to do in or a (= on) fristc1175

dwellc1175

demurc1230

targec1250

dretcha1325

tarrya1375

sojourn1377

defer1382

letc1385

hinderc1386

blina1400

delay?a1400

honea1400

litea1400

overbidea1400

prolongc1425

supersede1433

hoverc1440

tarrowc1480

sunyie1488

stay?a1500

sleep1519

slack1530

protract1540

linger1548

procrastinate1548

slackc1560

slug1565

jauk1568

temporize1579

detract1584

longering1587

sit1591

prorogue1593

to time it out1613

to lie out1640

crastinate1656

taigle17..

to hang fire1782

to hold off1790

to hang it on1819

prevaricate1854

to lie over1856

to tread water1942

to drag one's feet1946

1584 H. Llwyd & D. Powel Hist. Cambria 333 Willing the Prince to come thither, and doo him homage, which when the Prince detracted to doo, the king gathered an army to compell him thereto.

a1592 R. Greene Sc. Hist. Iames IV (1598) i. sig. B3^v My zeale and ruth..Makes me lament, I did detract so long.

III. = detrect v.

†7. transitive. To draw back from, decline, refuse, shun; to give up, relinguish, abandon. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)]

warnc897

willeOE

forbidc1000

warnc1000

willOE

asake1250

withsay1297

gainsayc1330

recusea1387

naitc1390

to say naya1393

again-say?a1400

denyc1400

withnayc1400

biwern1413

refuse?1435

resist1539

detrect1542

renege1545

detract1572

waive1642

declinea1691

nay-say1762

nay-saya1774

nix1903

off1908

ixnay1937

1572 [implied in: J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 83^v Fabius..so tempered Prudence with..prowesse, that by detracting of battayle, and trayning Anniball from place to place, and..skirmishing with hym, he minished hys puissaunce. (at detracting n.)].

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 806/2 The English men..mynding not to detract the battel, sharply encounter their enimies.

1589 J. Jane in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 779 The wind comming faire the Captaine & the master would by no meanes detract the purpose of our discouery.

1595 W. S. Lamentable Trag. Locrine iii. iv And if Thrasimachus detract the fight..Let him not boast that Brutus was his eam.

1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 634 Ionas detracting his Masters businesse.

1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 25 Neither held he off, and detracted fight.

Derivatives

deˈtracted adj. (see the various senses above); also as n. a calumniated person.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > [noun] > calumniated person

defamed1549

slandered1819

detracted1890

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Detracted, detractus, rosus, suggillatus.

1890 S. J. Duncan Social Departure 289 The detracted's enemies follow him.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	detract
释义	† detractn. Etymology: < Latin dētractus a taking away, < dētrahĕre : see detract v. Obsolete. rare. Protraction, delay: cf. detract v. 6. ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [noun] longingeOE bideOE abodec1225 bodea1300 demura1300 dwella1300 litinga1300 delayc1300 delayingc1300 demurrancec1300 but honec1325 without ensoignec1325 abidec1330 dretchingc1330 dwellingc1330 essoinc1330 tarrying1340 litea1350 delaymenta1393 respitea1393 oversettinga1398 delayancea1400 delitea1400 lingeringa1400 stounding?a1400 sunyiea1400 targea1400 train?a1400 deferring14.. dilation14.. dayc1405 prolongingc1425 spacec1430 adjourningc1436 retardationc1437 prolongation?a1439 training1440 adjournment1445 sleuthingc1450 tarry1451 tarriance1460 prorogation1476 oversetc1485 tarriage1488 debaid1489 supersedement1492 superseding1494 off-putting1496 postponing1496 tract1503 dilating1509 sparinga1513 hafting1519 sufferance1523 tracking1524 sticking1525 stay1530 pause1532 protraction1535 tracting1535 protract of time1536 protracting1540 postposition1546 staying1546 procrastination1548 difference1559 surceasing1560 tardation1568 detract1570 detracting1572 tarryment1575 rejourning1578 detraction1579 longness1579 rejournment1579 holding1581 reprieving1583 cunctation1585 retarding1585 retardance1586 temporizing1587 by and by1591 suspensea1592 procrastinatinga1594 tardance1595 linger1597 forslacking1600 morrowing1602 recess1603 deferment1612 attendance1614 put-off1623 adjournal1627 fristing1637 hanging-up1638 retardment1640 dilatoriness1642 suspension1645 stickagea1647 tardidation1647 transtemporation1651 demurragea1656 prolatation1656 prolation1656 moration1658 perendination1658 offput1730 retardure1751 postponement1757 retard1781 traverse1799 tarrowing1832 mañana1845 temporization1888 procrastinativeness1893 deferral1895 traa dy liooar1897 stalling1927 heel-tapping1949 off-put1970 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 480/1 Without delaye and other detract of tyme. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † detractadj. Etymology: < Latin dētractus, past participle of dētrahĕre to draw off or away: see detract v. Obsolete. Extracted, taken out. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > [adjective] > extracted detractc1420 extract?1521 c1420 Pallad. on Husb. xii. 171 The bonys Detracte of Duracyne. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2021). detractv. /dɪˈtrakt/ Forms: Also 1500s Scottish detrack. Etymology: < Latin dētract- participial stem of dētrahĕre to draw off or away, take away, pull down, disparage, etc., < de- prefix 1b + trahĕre to draw. Compare French détracter (1530 in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter). In some senses apparently directly representing Latin dētractāre or dētrectāre, to decline, refuse, pull down violently, depreciate, frequentative of dētrahĕre. (The chronological order of the senses in English is not that of their original development; sense 3 being the earliest). I. To take away, take from, take reputation from. 1. transitive. To take away, withdraw, subtract, deduct, abate: a. some part from (rarely † to) a whole. (Now usually with a quantitative object, as much, something, etc.) ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > deduction > deduct [verb (transitive)] abatec1400 rebate1425 batec1440 minishc1483 diminish?1504 detract1509 detray1509 deduct1524 defalkc1540 defalcate1541 subtray1549 derogate1561 discount1561 deduce?1566 substract1592 to strike off1597 reduct1600 subtract1610 subduct1716 to knock off1811 dock1891 shave1961 minus1963 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. xii^v Some tyme addynge, somtyme detractinge and takinge away suche thinges a[s] semeth me necessary and superflue. ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) ii. xxiii. sig. P ij ^v Then 36 detracted from 48 leueth 12. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. vi. 142 Shall I..Detract so much from that prerogatiue, As to be call'd but Viceroy? View more context for this quotation 1622 S. Ward Christ All in All (1627) 25 All defects detract nothing to the happiness of him that [etc.]. a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) iv. iv. 326 To which there can be nothing added, nor detracted, without a blemish. 1705 E. Scarburgh tr. Euclid in Eng. Euclide 207 Let the magnitude AB be equimultiple of CD, as the part detracted [Gk. ἀϕαιρεθὲν] AE is of the part detracted CF. 1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) lxix That first great grief which..detracts something from the buoyancy of the youngest life. †b. something from a possessor, etc. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1607 R. Parker Scholasticall Disc. against Antichrist i. ii. 97 They vilifie it and detract much authoritie from it. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 13. ⁋1 A Lady takes all you detract from the rest of her Sex to be a Gift to her. 1710 H. Prideaux Orig. & Right Tithes i. 17 We rob him, whenever we detract from his Ministers any part of that Maintenance. 2. a. absol. or intransitive. To take away a portion. Usually to detract from: to take away from, diminish, lessen (a quality, value, authority, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > deduction > deduct [verb (intransitive)] subtray?c1425 abatec1467 detracta1592 substract1637 debate1658 subtract1682 the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > deduction > deduct [verb (transitive)] > detract from takec1475 diminish?1504 derogate1556 to take off1639 to detract from1699 a1592 H. Smith Wks. (1866–7) I. 65 To the testament of him that is dead, no man addeth or detracteth. 1699 Bp. G. Burnet Expos. 39 Articles (1700) vi. 89 This may be urged to detract from its Authority. 1799 H. T. Colebrooke in T. E. Colebrooke Life H. Colebrooke (1873) 446 The sight..detracted from the pleasure with which the landscape might be viewed. 1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 101 These circumstances detract from the weight of the decision. 1863 D. G. Mitchell My Farm of Edgewood 47 This alteration was of so old a date as not to detract from the venerable air of the house. b. Connoting depreciation: cf. 3c. ΚΠ 1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie iii. viii. 143 To detract from the dignitie thereof, were to iniurie euen God himselfe. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 212 Our late Historiographers..detracting from his worthie praises. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 5 Without detracting..from the real merit which abounds in the imperial law, I hope I may have leave to assert [etc.]. 1882 B. D. W. Ramsay Recoll. Mil. Serv. I. viii. 172 There were always some ready to detract from his fair fame. †c. quasi-transitive (in loose const.) Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] littleeOE anitherOE wanzelOE lessc1225 slakea1300 littenc1300 aslakec1314 adminisha1325 allayc1330 settle1338 low1340 minisha1382 reprovea1382 abatea1398 rebatea1398 subtlea1398 alaskia1400 forlyten?a1400 imminish14.. lessenc1410 diminish1417 repress?a1425 assuagec1430 scarcec1440 small1440 underslakec1440 alessa1450 debate?c1450 batec1460 decreasec1470 appetisse1474 alow1494 mince1499 perswage?1504 remita1513 inless?1521 attenuate1530 weaken1530 defray1532 mitigate1532 minorate1534 narrow?1548 diminuec1550 extenuate1555 amain1578 exolve1578 base1581 dejecta1586 amoinder1588 faint1598 qualify1604 contract1605 to pull down1607 shrivel1609 to take down1610 disaugment1611 impoverish1611 shrink1628 decoct1629 persway1631 unflame1635 straiten1645 depress1647 reduce1649 detract1654 minuate1657 alloy1661 lower?1662 sinka1684 retreat1690 nip1785 to drive down1840 minify1866 to knock down1867 to damp down1869 scale1887 mute1891 clip1938 to roll back1942 to cut back1943 downscale1945 downrate1958 slim1963 downshift1972 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 452 In Revenge he would have Detracted, and lessen'd his Territories. 1785 T. Jefferson Corr. in Wks. (1859) I. 417 To detract, add to, or alter them as you please. 3. a. transitive. To take away from the reputation or estimation of, to disparage, depreciate, belittle, traduce, speak evil of. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > disparage or depreciate [verb (transitive)] littleeOE low1340 dispraisec1386 minish1402 deroge1427 detractc1449 descryc1450 detrayc1475 dismerit1484 decline1509 vilipend1509 disprize?1518 disable1528 derogatea1530 elevate1541 disparagea1556 detrect1563 debase1565 demerit1576 vilify1586 disgrace1589 detracta1592 besparage1592 enervate1593 obtrect1595 extenuate1601 disvalue1605 disparagon1610 undervalue1611 avile1615 debaucha1616 to cry down1616 debate1622 decry1641 atomize1645 underrate1646 naucify1653 dedignify1654 stuprate1655 de-ample1657 dismagn1657 slur1660 voguec1661 depreciate1666 to run down1671 baffle1674 lacken1674 sneer1706 diminish1712 substract1728 down1780 belittle1789 carbonify1792 to speak scorn of1861 to give one a back-cap1903 minoritize1947 mauvais langue1952 rubbish1953 down-talk1959 marginalize1970 marginate1970 trash1975 neg1987 c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 417 Thei bacbiten and detracten the clergie. 1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay 91 Lat wsz forgiff thayme quhilk detrackis and spekis euil of wsz. 1605 B. Jonson Sejanus i. i. 169 To..detract His greatest Actions. View more context for this quotation 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. iv. ii. 265 Cato..detracted Pompey, and found fault with his actions. 1632 P. Massinger & N. Field Fatall Dowry i. sig. C4^v Such as may Detract my actions, and life hereafter. 1890 [see detracted adj. at Derivatives]. 1891 Smiles Jasmin vii. 93 Jasmin, like every person envied or perhaps detracted, had his hours of depression. †b. absol. To speak disparagingly; to use or practise detraction. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > speak disparagingly [verb (intransitive)] diminue1382 misspeaka1393 detract1605 depreciate1666 1605 Bp. J. Hall Medit. & Vowes I. §7 So would there not be so many open mouthes to detract and slaunder. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. ii. 92 To vtter foule speeches, and to detract. a1816 R. B. Sheridan School for Scandal (rev. ed.) Portrait in Wks. (1821) II. 3 Adepts..who rail by precept, and detract by rule. †c. intransitive with from (†of). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > disparage or depreciate [verb (transitive)] littleeOE low1340 dispraisec1386 minish1402 deroge1427 detractc1449 descryc1450 detrayc1475 dismerit1484 decline1509 vilipend1509 disprize?1518 disable1528 derogatea1530 elevate1541 disparagea1556 detrect1563 debase1565 demerit1576 vilify1586 disgrace1589 detracta1592 besparage1592 enervate1593 obtrect1595 extenuate1601 disvalue1605 disparagon1610 undervalue1611 avile1615 debaucha1616 to cry down1616 debate1622 decry1641 atomize1645 underrate1646 naucify1653 dedignify1654 stuprate1655 de-ample1657 dismagn1657 slur1660 voguec1661 depreciate1666 to run down1671 baffle1674 lacken1674 sneer1706 diminish1712 substract1728 down1780 belittle1789 carbonify1792 to speak scorn of1861 to give one a back-cap1903 minoritize1947 mauvais langue1952 rubbish1953 down-talk1959 marginalize1970 marginate1970 trash1975 neg1987 a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. D3^v Darst thou detract and derogat from him. 1609 Bible (Douay) I. Num. xiii. 33 They detracted from the Land, which they had viewed. 1683 D. A. Whole Art Converse 106 They detract generally of all Mankind. †II. To draw away, off, out. †4. transitive. To draw away or aside, withdraw, divert (from an action or undertaking); reflexive and intransitive. To withdraw, refrain. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > abstain or refrain from action [verb (intransitive)] to let bec1000 fastOE withdraw1297 letc1374 forbearc1375 abstaina1382 sparec1386 respitea1393 to let alonea1400 refraina1402 supersede1449 deport1477 to hold one's handa1500 spare1508 surcease1542 detract1548 to hold back1576 hold1589 to stand by1590 to hold up1596 suspend1598 stickle1684 to hold off1861 to bottle it1988 the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > lack of concentration, distraction > distract [verb (transitive)] > from a purpose, etc. withdraw1340 distractc1380 waive1390 wresta1400 to turn aside1535 avocate1543 detract1548 to turn off1573 take1574 swaya1593 to put out1616 to put off1631 sidetrack1887 to turn off1951 the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > abstain or refrain from action [verb (reflexive)] withholdc1200 withdrawc1290 defendc1350 abstainc1380 holda1400 deport1477 forbear1535 check1581 detract1637 1548 W. Patten Exped. Scotl. sig. G.v My lord Marshall..whoom no daunger detracted from dooing his enterprise. 1637 G. Gillespie Dispute against Eng.-Popish Ceremonies Epist. sig. C There are too many Professours who detract themselves from undergoing lesser hazards for the Churches liberty. 1643 H. Slingsby Diary (1836) 104 Long experience hath taught their General wisely to detract from fighting. 1802 Hatred I. 211 [To] detract their attention from every thing foreign. †5. To draw or pull off. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > uncovering > uncover or remove covering from [verb (transitive)] > strip or make bare > strip by scraping > a covering scrapea1382 scratc1500 detract1607 scrabble1808 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 628 The skins of Sheep..when the wool is detracted and pulled off from them. †6. a. To draw out, lengthen in duration, protract, delay; usually in to detract time. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong lengOE drawOE teec1200 forlengtha1300 lengtha1300 drivec1300 tarryc1320 proloynec1350 continuec1380 to draw alonga1382 longa1382 dretch1393 conservea1398 to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400 prorogue1419 prolongc1425 aroomc1440 prorogate?a1475 protend?a1475 dilate1489 forlong1496 relong1523 to draw out1542 sustentate1542 linger1543 defer1546 pertract1548 propagate1548 protract1548 linger1550 lengthen1555 train1556 detract?a1562 to make forth (long, longer)1565 stretch1568 extend1574 extenuate1583 dree1584 wire-draw1598 to spin out1603 trail1604 disabridge1605 produce1605 continuate1611 out-length1617 spin1629 to eke out1641 producta1670 prolongate1671 drawl1694 drag1697 perennate1698 string1867 perennialize1898 ?a1562 G. Cavendish Life Wolsey (1959) 110 I would not have you to detract the time, for hee is very sicke. 1569 Sir J. Hawkins in Hawkins' Voy. (1878) 73 To detract further time. 1579 T. Churchyard Gen. Rehearsall Warres sig. Ij^v The Frenche horsemen..offered a skirmishe to detracte tyme. 1604 C. Edmondes Observ. Cæsars Comm. II. vii. vii. 59 To linger and detract the war. 1605 Play Stucley in R. Simpson School of Shakspere (1878) 188 Some let or other to detract our haste. †b. absol. or intransitive. To delay. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > delay [verb (intransitive)] geleOE studegieOE abideOE to do in or a (= on) fristc1175 dwellc1175 demurc1230 targec1250 dretcha1325 tarrya1375 sojourn1377 defer1382 letc1385 hinderc1386 blina1400 delay?a1400 honea1400 litea1400 overbidea1400 prolongc1425 supersede1433 hoverc1440 tarrowc1480 sunyie1488 stay?a1500 sleep1519 slack1530 protract1540 linger1548 procrastinate1548 slackc1560 slug1565 jauk1568 temporize1579 detract1584 longering1587 sit1591 prorogue1593 to time it out1613 to lie out1640 crastinate1656 taigle17.. to hang fire1782 to hold off1790 to hang it on1819 prevaricate1854 to lie over1856 to tread water1942 to drag one's feet1946 1584 H. Llwyd & D. Powel Hist. Cambria 333 Willing the Prince to come thither, and doo him homage, which when the Prince detracted to doo, the king gathered an army to compell him thereto. a1592 R. Greene Sc. Hist. Iames IV (1598) i. sig. B3^v My zeale and ruth..Makes me lament, I did detract so long. III. = detrect v. †7. transitive. To draw back from, decline, refuse, shun; to give up, relinguish, abandon. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] warnc897 willeOE forbidc1000 warnc1000 willOE asake1250 withsay1297 gainsayc1330 recusea1387 naitc1390 to say naya1393 again-say?a1400 denyc1400 withnayc1400 biwern1413 refuse?1435 resist1539 detrect1542 renege1545 detract1572 waive1642 declinea1691 nay-say1762 nay-saya1774 nix1903 off1908 ixnay1937 1572 [implied in: J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 83^v Fabius..so tempered Prudence with..prowesse, that by detracting of battayle, and trayning Anniball from place to place, and..skirmishing with hym, he minished hys puissaunce. (at detracting n.)]. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 806/2 The English men..mynding not to detract the battel, sharply encounter their enimies. 1589 J. Jane in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 779 The wind comming faire the Captaine & the master would by no meanes detract the purpose of our discouery. 1595 W. S. Lamentable Trag. Locrine iii. iv And if Thrasimachus detract the fight..Let him not boast that Brutus was his eam. 1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 634 Ionas detracting his Masters businesse. 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 25 Neither held he off, and detracted fight. Derivatives deˈtracted adj. (see the various senses above); also as n. a calumniated person. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > [noun] > calumniated person defamed1549 slandered1819 detracted1890 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Detracted, detractus, rosus, suggillatus. 1890 S. J. Duncan Social Departure 289 The detracted's enemies follow him. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.1570adj.c1420v.c1449
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† detractn.

† detractadj.

detractv.

Derivatives