denizenn.adj.

/ˈdɛnɪzən/

Forms: Middle English deynseyn, deynseen, deinseyn, deynesin, Middle English–1500s denesyn, denyzen, denysen, denyzen, 1500s denezan, denisine, denysyn, denycen, 1500s–1600s denisen, denizin, 1500s–1700s denison, denizon, 1600s denizan, 1500s– denizen.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman deinzein, denzein, denszein = Old French deinzein, < Anglo-Norman deinz, denz, dens, modern French dans ( < Latin dē intus) within + -ein < Latin -āneus: compare foreign, forein, Latin forāneus.

A. n.

a. A person who dwells within a country, as opposed to foreigners who dwell outside its limits. (In this, the original sense, including and mainly consisting of citizens.) Now rare in literal sense.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun] > opposed to foreigner or visitor

citizenc1384

privya1400

denizen14..

native1800

livyer1863

14.. Chalmerlain Ayr iii, in Sc. Stat. I Alswel forreyns as deynseens [L. tam inhabitantes quam forinseci].

1488–9 Act 4 Hen. VII c. 23 Coin..conveied into Flaundres..as well by merchauntes straungers as by deynesins.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 129 a He that is born within the king's liegeance is called sometime a denizen, quasi deins nee, born within... But many times denizen is taken for an alien born that is infranchised or denizated by letters patent.

1655 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 1st Pt. 55 The Charter of London, which is the birth~right of its own Denisons, not Strangers.

1664 Pennsylvania Arch. I. 25 All people shall continue free denizens and enjoy their lands.

1735 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. IV. 302 To be a natural denizen of Athens, it was necessary to be born of a father and mother, both free and Athenians.

1841 G. P. R. James Brigand i The towns of that age and their laborious denizens.

1846 E. Bulwer-Lytton Lucretia III. ii. xxiii. 197 The squalid, ill-favoured denizens lounging before the doors.

b. transferred and figurative. An inhabitant, indweller, occupant (of a place, region, etc.). Used of persons, animals, and plants: chiefly poetic or rhetorical.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun]

maneOE

wonnera1340

dwellera1382

livera1382

indweller1382

resiant1405

inhabitor1413

inhabitera1425

tenanta1425

abider1440

citizenc1450

inhabitant1462

resident1463

denizen1474

inhabitator?a1475

mansionarya1475

habitant1490

incolera1513

occupier?1542

land-occupier1576

residentiary1581

burgessa1586

incolant1596

consistorian1599

ledger1600

resider1632

residenter1644

habitator1646

endwellera1649

incolary1652

incolist1657

insetter1712

houser1871

1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. iii. 42 We ben not deynseyns in the world but straungers, ner we ben not born in the world for to dwell and abyde allway therein, but for to goo and passe thurgh hit.

a1711 T. Ken Wks. (1721) I. 11 Bless'd Denizon of Light [an angel].

1714 A. Pope Rape of Lock (new ed.) ii. 13 He summons strait his Denizens of Air.

1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. viii. 170 Winged denizens of the crag.

1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) xix. §806 As if the old denizens of the forest had been felled with an axe.

a. By restriction: One who lives habitually in a country but is not a native-born citizen; a foreigner admitted to residence and certain rights in a country; in the law of Great Britain, an alien admitted to citizenship by royal letters patent, but incapable of inheriting, or holding any public office.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > type of inhabitant generally > [noun] > non-native inhabitant

alien?a1400

out-comelingc1400

strangerc1460

free denizen1551

denizen1576

peregrine1593

inmatea1600

outcomer1607

resident alien1801

metic1808

expatriate1818

international1851

offcome1859

overrunner1876

aubain1882

offcomer1898

non-native1899

outworlder1948

transplant1961

expat1962

non-patrial1971

1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 391 Eny citizen or denysen.

1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 393 Yf eny citezen denesyn or foreyn departe out of the seid cite.]

1576 A. Fleming tr. Cicero in Panoplie Epist. 151 Cæsar had made many that came from Gallia transalpina, free denizens in Rome.

1667 E. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia: 1st Pt. (1684) i. 81 The King by his Prerogative hath Power to Enfranchise an Alien, and make him a Denison.

1719 W. Wood Surv. Trade (ed. 2) 135 In our Colonies..all Foreigners may be made Denizons for an inconsiderable Charge.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 374 A Denizen is an alien born, but who has obtained ex donatione regis letters patent to make him an English subject.

1830 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I III. vi. 94 Charles seemed ambitious of making English denizens of every man of genius in Europe.

1873 W. H. Dixon Hist. Two Queens I. iii. iii. 133 Carmeliano, who had become a denizen, was his Latin secretary.

b. figurative. One admitted to, or made free of, the privileges of a particular society or fellowship; one who, though not a native, is at home in any region.

ΚΠ

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. v. f. 36 For they be made denisens in heauen.

1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (xi. 21) iii. 88 Naturalized by Jacob, and made free Denisons of the Church.

a1854 H. Reed Lect. Brit. Poets (1857) II. xiv. 185 He was a denizen of ocean and of lake, of Alpine regions, and of Greek and Italian plains.

c. Used of things: e.g. of foreign words naturalized in a language, etc. In Natural History, A plant or animal believed to have been originally introduced by human agency into a country or district, but which now maintains itself there as if native, without the direct aid of man; cf. colonist n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > balance of nature > distribution > [noun] > introduction or spread to new areas > naturalized plant or animal

denizen1578

the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > use or formation of new words or phrases > [noun] > word or phrase borrowed from other language > naturalized

denizen1578

Hobson-Jobsonism1934

replica1956

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. lviii. 623 Tarragon..was allowed a Denizon in England long before the time of Ruelius writing.

a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI. Serm. (1661) vi. 148 The word Hypocrite is neither English nor Latin, but as a Denison.

1878 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands (ed. 2) Pref. p. vii To the doubtfully indigenous species I have added Watson's opinion as to whether they are ‘colonists’ or ‘denizens’.

a1895 Mod. Melilotus officinalis is widely diffused in Great Britain, but is probably only a denizen.

1933 Shorter Oxf. Eng. Dict. p. vii Denizens are borrowings from foreign languages which have acquired full English citizenship, aliens are words that retain their foreign appearance and to some extent their foreign sound.

1934 S.P.E. Tract (Soc. for Pure Eng.) No. XLII. 35 Most words when first borrowed are aliens, but if they survive they are gradually accommodated to the language which borrows them and become denizens.

B. adj.

(or attributive).

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native people > [adjective]

inbornc1000

theodiscc1000

i-cundeOE

landisha1300

kindc1325

denizen1483

kindly born1483

native1488

naturally born1523

naturala1533

home-bred?1560

natural1574

home-born1577

homeling1577

natural-born1583

land-born1589

self-bred1590

self-born1597

indigene1598

land-breda1599

vernaculous1606

kindly1609

inbred1625

terrigenist1631

native-born1645

indigenous1646

indigenary1651

indigenital1656

aboriginal1698

own-born1699

indigenal1725

homegrown1737

terrigenous1769

indigenate1775

1483 Act 1 Rich. III c. 9 §1 All merchauntes of the nacion of Italie..not made deinseyn.

1509–10 Act 1 Hen. VIII c. 20 §1 Merchaundises of every merchaunt denyseyn and alien.

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Hobeine..the right which the prince hath vpon the goods of a stranger, not Denizen.

1613 H. Finch Law (1636) 41 The wife is of the same condition with her husband. Franck if he be free, Denison if he be an Englishman, though she were a nief before, or an alien borne.

1766 J. Entick Surv. London in New Hist. London IV. 377 This house was..accounted a priory alien till the year 1380, when Richard II..made it denizen.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

denizenv.

/ˈdɛnɪzən/

Etymology: < denizen n.

1. transitive. To make a denizen; to admit (an alien) to residence and rights of citizenship; to naturalize. Usually figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > national of a country > [verb (transitive)] > adopt or naturalize

naturalize1559

denize1577

denizen1577

free-denize1577

matriculate1579

denizate1604

free-denizen1609

nationalize1809

the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > do habitually [verb (transitive)] > render (a thing) habitual > naturalize

denize1577

denizen1577

naturalize1593

endenize1598

inhousehold1611

domesticate1750

society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > liking for or sympathy with other nations > like or sympathize with other nations [verb (transitive)] > admit foreign words, beliefs, etc.

denize1577

denizen1577

naturalize1593

endenize1598

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry Ep. to Rdr. sig. iii They [sc. trees, etc.] may in short time so be denisend and made acquainted with our soyle, as they wyl prosper.

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1954) VII. 221 In an instant can denizen and naturalize that soule that was an alien to the Covenant.

1636 T. Heywood Challenge for Beautie ii. sig. C3 To have you denison'd in Spaine.

a1711 T. Ken Hymnarium 132 in Wks. (1721) II. These rather might be found..Denizon'd in a Star good Days to see.

1827 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) IV. 298 The cholera is not a passing evil. It is denizened among us.

1868 J. R. Lowell Dryden in Prose Wks. (1890) III. 130 note So few has long been denizened.

Categories »

2. To furnish with denizens; to people with settlers from another country or district. rare.

Derivatives

ˈdenizened adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > [adjective]

inhabitate?a1475

peopleda1475

occupied1483

biggitc1485

denizened1557

inhabited1576

dwelt1610

populated1662

unabandoned1745

undeserted1792

empeopled1801

habited1866

lived-in1873

tenanted1886

1557 J. Cheke Let. in R. Ascham Scholemaster (Arb.) Introd. 5 If the old denisoned wordes could content and ease this neede we wold not boldly venture of vnknown wordes.

1607 G. Chapman Bussy D'Ambois i. 12 Some new denizond Lord.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online September 2020).

单词	denizen
释义	denizenn.adj. /ˈdɛnɪzən/ Forms: Middle English deynseyn, deynseen, deinseyn, deynesin, Middle English–1500s denesyn, denyzen, denysen, denyzen, 1500s denezan, denisine, denysyn, denycen, 1500s–1600s denisen, denizin, 1500s–1700s denison, denizon, 1600s denizan, 1500s– denizen. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman deinzein, denzein, denszein = Old French deinzein, < Anglo-Norman deinz, denz, dens, modern French dans ( < Latin dē intus) within + -ein < Latin -āneus: compare foreign, forein, Latin forāneus. A. n. 1. a. A person who dwells within a country, as opposed to foreigners who dwell outside its limits. (In this, the original sense, including and mainly consisting of citizens.) Now rare in literal sense. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun] > opposed to foreigner or visitor citizenc1384 privya1400 denizen14.. native1800 livyer1863 14.. Chalmerlain Ayr iii, in Sc. Stat. I Alswel forreyns as deynseens [L. tam inhabitantes quam forinseci]. 1488–9 Act 4 Hen. VII c. 23 Coin..conveied into Flaundres..as well by merchauntes straungers as by deynesins. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 129 a He that is born within the king's liegeance is called sometime a denizen, quasi deins nee, born within... But many times denizen is taken for an alien born that is infranchised or denizated by letters patent. 1655 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 1st Pt. 55 The Charter of London, which is the birth~right of its own Denisons, not Strangers. 1664 Pennsylvania Arch. I. 25 All people shall continue free denizens and enjoy their lands. 1735 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. IV. 302 To be a natural denizen of Athens, it was necessary to be born of a father and mother, both free and Athenians. 1841 G. P. R. James Brigand i The towns of that age and their laborious denizens. 1846 E. Bulwer-Lytton Lucretia III. ii. xxiii. 197 The squalid, ill-favoured denizens lounging before the doors. b. transferred and figurative. An inhabitant, indweller, occupant (of a place, region, etc.). Used of persons, animals, and plants: chiefly poetic or rhetorical. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun] maneOE wonnera1340 dwellera1382 livera1382 indweller1382 resiant1405 inhabitor1413 inhabitera1425 tenanta1425 abider1440 citizenc1450 inhabitant1462 resident1463 denizen1474 inhabitator?a1475 mansionarya1475 habitant1490 incolera1513 occupier?1542 land-occupier1576 residentiary1581 burgessa1586 incolant1596 consistorian1599 ledger1600 resider1632 residenter1644 habitator1646 endwellera1649 incolary1652 incolist1657 insetter1712 houser1871 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. iii. 42 We ben not deynseyns in the world but straungers, ner we ben not born in the world for to dwell and abyde allway therein, but for to goo and passe thurgh hit. a1711 T. Ken Wks. (1721) I. 11 Bless'd Denizon of Light [an angel]. 1714 A. Pope Rape of Lock (new ed.) ii. 13 He summons strait his Denizens of Air. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. viii. 170 Winged denizens of the crag. 1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) xix. §806 As if the old denizens of the forest had been felled with an axe. 2. a. By restriction: One who lives habitually in a country but is not a native-born citizen; a foreigner admitted to residence and certain rights in a country; in the law of Great Britain, an alien admitted to citizenship by royal letters patent, but incapable of inheriting, or holding any public office. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > type of inhabitant generally > [noun] > non-native inhabitant alien?a1400 out-comelingc1400 strangerc1460 free denizen1551 denizen1576 peregrine1593 inmatea1600 outcomer1607 resident alien1801 metic1808 expatriate1818 international1851 offcome1859 overrunner1876 aubain1882 offcomer1898 non-native1899 outworlder1948 transplant1961 expat1962 non-patrial1971 1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 391 Eny citizen or denysen. 1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 393 Yf eny citezen denesyn or foreyn departe out of the seid cite.] 1576 A. Fleming tr. Cicero in Panoplie Epist. 151 Cæsar had made many that came from Gallia transalpina, free denizens in Rome. 1667 E. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia: 1st Pt. (1684) i. 81 The King by his Prerogative hath Power to Enfranchise an Alien, and make him a Denison. 1719 W. Wood Surv. Trade (ed. 2) 135 In our Colonies..all Foreigners may be made Denizons for an inconsiderable Charge. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 374 A Denizen is an alien born, but who has obtained ex donatione regis letters patent to make him an English subject. 1830 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I III. vi. 94 Charles seemed ambitious of making English denizens of every man of genius in Europe. 1873 W. H. Dixon Hist. Two Queens I. iii. iii. 133 Carmeliano, who had become a denizen, was his Latin secretary. b. figurative. One admitted to, or made free of, the privileges of a particular society or fellowship; one who, though not a native, is at home in any region. ΚΠ 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. v. f. 36 For they be made denisens in heauen. 1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (xi. 21) iii. 88 Naturalized by Jacob, and made free Denisons of the Church. a1854 H. Reed Lect. Brit. Poets (1857) II. xiv. 185 He was a denizen of ocean and of lake, of Alpine regions, and of Greek and Italian plains. c. Used of things: e.g. of foreign words naturalized in a language, etc. In Natural History, A plant or animal believed to have been originally introduced by human agency into a country or district, but which now maintains itself there as if native, without the direct aid of man; cf. colonist n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > distribution > [noun] > introduction or spread to new areas > naturalized plant or animal denizen1578 the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > use or formation of new words or phrases > [noun] > word or phrase borrowed from other language > naturalized denizen1578 Hobson-Jobsonism1934 replica1956 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. lviii. 623 Tarragon..was allowed a Denizon in England long before the time of Ruelius writing. a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI. Serm. (1661) vi. 148 The word Hypocrite is neither English nor Latin, but as a Denison. 1878 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands (ed. 2) Pref. p. vii To the doubtfully indigenous species I have added Watson's opinion as to whether they are ‘colonists’ or ‘denizens’. a1895 Mod. Melilotus officinalis is widely diffused in Great Britain, but is probably only a denizen. 1933 Shorter Oxf. Eng. Dict. p. vii Denizens are borrowings from foreign languages which have acquired full English citizenship, aliens are words that retain their foreign appearance and to some extent their foreign sound. 1934 S.P.E. Tract (Soc. for Pure Eng.) No. XLII. 35 Most words when first borrowed are aliens, but if they survive they are gradually accommodated to the language which borrows them and become denizens. B. adj. (or attributive). ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native people > [adjective] inbornc1000 theodiscc1000 i-cundeOE landisha1300 kindc1325 denizen1483 kindly born1483 native1488 naturally born1523 naturala1533 home-bred?1560 natural1574 home-born1577 homeling1577 natural-born1583 land-born1589 self-bred1590 self-born1597 indigene1598 land-breda1599 vernaculous1606 kindly1609 inbred1625 terrigenist1631 native-born1645 indigenous1646 indigenary1651 indigenital1656 aboriginal1698 own-born1699 indigenal1725 homegrown1737 terrigenous1769 indigenate1775 1483 Act 1 Rich. III c. 9 §1 All merchauntes of the nacion of Italie..not made deinseyn. 1509–10 Act 1 Hen. VIII c. 20 §1 Merchaundises of every merchaunt denyseyn and alien. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Hobeine..the right which the prince hath vpon the goods of a stranger, not Denizen. 1613 H. Finch Law (1636) 41 The wife is of the same condition with her husband. Franck if he be free, Denison if he be an Englishman, though she were a nief before, or an alien borne. 1766 J. Entick Surv. London in New Hist. London IV. 377 This house was..accounted a priory alien till the year 1380, when Richard II..made it denizen. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022). denizenv. /ˈdɛnɪzən/ Etymology: < denizen n. 1. transitive. To make a denizen; to admit (an alien) to residence and rights of citizenship; to naturalize. Usually figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > national of a country > [verb (transitive)] > adopt or naturalize naturalize1559 denize1577 denizen1577 free-denize1577 matriculate1579 denizate1604 free-denizen1609 nationalize1809 the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > do habitually [verb (transitive)] > render (a thing) habitual > naturalize denize1577 denizen1577 naturalize1593 endenize1598 inhousehold1611 domesticate1750 society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > liking for or sympathy with other nations > like or sympathize with other nations [verb (transitive)] > admit foreign words, beliefs, etc. denize1577 denizen1577 naturalize1593 endenize1598 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry Ep. to Rdr. sig. iii They [sc. trees, etc.] may in short time so be denisend and made acquainted with our soyle, as they wyl prosper. a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1954) VII. 221 In an instant can denizen and naturalize that soule that was an alien to the Covenant. 1636 T. Heywood Challenge for Beautie ii. sig. C3 To have you denison'd in Spaine. a1711 T. Ken Hymnarium 132 in Wks. (1721) II. These rather might be found..Denizon'd in a Star good Days to see. 1827 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) IV. 298 The cholera is not a passing evil. It is denizened among us. 1868 J. R. Lowell Dryden in Prose Wks. (1890) III. 130 note So few has long been denizened. Categories » 2. To furnish with denizens; to people with settlers from another country or district. rare. Derivatives ˈdenizened adj. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > [adjective] inhabitate?a1475 peopleda1475 occupied1483 biggitc1485 denizened1557 inhabited1576 dwelt1610 populated1662 unabandoned1745 undeserted1792 empeopled1801 habited1866 lived-in1873 tenanted1886 1557 J. Cheke Let. in R. Ascham Scholemaster (Arb.) Introd. 5 If the old denisoned wordes could content and ease this neede we wold not boldly venture of vnknown wordes. 1607 G. Chapman Bussy D'Ambois i. 12 Some new denizond Lord. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online September 2020). < n.adj.14..v.1557
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