† amidwardprep.adv.

Forms: see amid prep. and adv. and -ward suffix.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: amid adv., -ward suffix.

Etymology: Apparently < amid adv. + -ward suffix. Compare earlier midward prep. and midward adv.It is possible that use as a preposition could have developed partly by reanalysis of Old English prepositional constructions such as those discussed at midward adj. 1 (with phonological reduction of on ; compare a- prefix³) and the adverb likewise from parallel constructions with midward n.; compare discussion of the etymology of amid prep. and adv. However, it is more likely that the word shows similar development to againward adv. or abackward adv. (compare discussion at -ward suffix). In Middle English parallel formations of the type imydward , ymydward , emidward are also found (compare discussion at amid prep. and adv., and compare also emidward prep. and imid adv. and prep.).

Obsolete (archaic in later use).

A. prep.

1. In the course of or during (a situation, circumstance, activity, etc.). rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > [preposition] > during

throughOE

amongOE

thoroughOE

among thatlOE

amidwarda1225

ofc1275

lengingc1400

hanginga1420

amongsta1450

depending1503

pendant1642

pending1642

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 47 Se..is ilich ðo manne ðe berð dust amidewarde ðe winde.

?a1300 Fox & Wolf l. 274 in G. H. McKnight Middle Eng. Humorous Tales (1913) 36 Riȝt amidward here houssonge Al-hone to þe putte he hede.

1901 J. Payne tr. S. M. Hâfiz Poems I. 105 Amidward this night of blackness, Lost, lost, is the way of my wish.

2. In, towards, or near the (physical) centre or middle of; amid, among. Formerly also: within, inside.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > [preposition] > towards the middle of

amidwarda1225

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 51 (MED) Ðe trewe ðe stant amidewarde paradise.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 872 Hauelok shof dun nyne or ten Rith amidewarde þe fen.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1332 (MED) Þe chambre stod oppon þe se amidward a roch of stone.

a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 686 An horn þe forhed amydward.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 670 (MED) Evirmore he held hym a-mydward the route.

1867 E. Leigh in Ballads & Legends Cheshire 191 Over church in days of yore, So speaks traditionary lore, Amidward Over stood.

1906 J. Payne tr. G. de Nerval in Flowers of France II. 32 A river round about..amidward flowers doth run.

B. adv.

In, towards, or near the middle of something; in the midst (of something).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > [adverb] > towards or near the middle

amidwardc1300

c1300 St. Vincent (Laud) l. 93 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 187 (MED) He let maken a swyþe gret fuyr..Seint Vincent huy lei[den] a-mide-warde.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 15026 (MED) Sum kest þaire claþis doun a-mydwarde in þat þrange.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. l. 631 Choppe of that amydward in the tre.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) v. vi. 9 Evyn amydwart in hhs troyn..[he] takyn hes hyss sete.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. ix. 4 Hir rosy charyot the fresch Aurora Amydwart of the hevynnys assiltre Begouth fortil vproll.

1894 W. Morris & E. Magnússon tr. S. Sturluson Stories Kings of Norway II. cxxxi. 239 Asmund shot a spear to Asbiorn Seal's-bane, and it smote him amidward.

1905 G. H. Gerould Sir Guy of Warwick xv. 149 Guy and Heraud..attacked the former with great fury amidward of the plain.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	amidward
释义	† amidwardprep.adv. Forms: see amid prep. and adv. and -ward suffix. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: amid adv., -ward suffix. Etymology: Apparently < amid adv. + -ward suffix. Compare earlier midward prep. and midward adv.It is possible that use as a preposition could have developed partly by reanalysis of Old English prepositional constructions such as those discussed at midward adj. 1 (with phonological reduction of on ; compare a- prefix³) and the adverb likewise from parallel constructions with midward n.; compare discussion of the etymology of amid prep. and adv. However, it is more likely that the word shows similar development to againward adv. or abackward adv. (compare discussion at -ward suffix). In Middle English parallel formations of the type imydward , ymydward , emidward are also found (compare discussion at amid prep. and adv., and compare also emidward prep. and imid adv. and prep.). Obsolete (archaic in later use). A. prep. 1. In the course of or during (a situation, circumstance, activity, etc.). rare. ΘΚΠ the world > time > [preposition] > during throughOE amongOE thoroughOE among thatlOE amidwarda1225 ofc1275 lengingc1400 hanginga1420 amongsta1450 depending1503 pendant1642 pending1642 a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 47 Se..is ilich ðo manne ðe berð dust amidewarde ðe winde. ?a1300 Fox & Wolf l. 274 in G. H. McKnight Middle Eng. Humorous Tales (1913) 36 Riȝt amidward here houssonge Al-hone to þe putte he hede. 1901 J. Payne tr. S. M. Hâfiz Poems I. 105 Amidward this night of blackness, Lost, lost, is the way of my wish. 2. In, towards, or near the (physical) centre or middle of; amid, among. Formerly also: within, inside. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > [preposition] > towards the middle of amidwarda1225 a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 51 (MED) Ðe trewe ðe stant amidewarde paradise. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 872 Hauelok shof dun nyne or ten Rith amidewarde þe fen. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1332 (MED) Þe chambre stod oppon þe se amidward a roch of stone. a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 686 An horn þe forhed amydward. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 670 (MED) Evirmore he held hym a-mydward the route. 1867 E. Leigh in Ballads & Legends Cheshire 191 Over church in days of yore, So speaks traditionary lore, Amidward Over stood. 1906 J. Payne tr. G. de Nerval in Flowers of France II. 32 A river round about..amidward flowers doth run. B. adv. In, towards, or near the middle of something; in the midst (of something). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > [adverb] > towards or near the middle amidwardc1300 c1300 St. Vincent (Laud) l. 93 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 187 (MED) He let maken a swyþe gret fuyr..Seint Vincent huy lei[den] a-mide-warde. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 15026 (MED) Sum kest þaire claþis doun a-mydwarde in þat þrange. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. l. 631 Choppe of that amydward in the tre. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) v. vi. 9 Evyn amydwart in hhs troyn..[he] takyn hes hyss sete. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. ix. 4 Hir rosy charyot the fresch Aurora Amydwart of the hevynnys assiltre Begouth fortil vproll. 1894 W. Morris & E. Magnússon tr. S. Sturluson Stories Kings of Norway II. cxxxi. 239 Asmund shot a spear to Asbiorn Seal's-bane, and it smote him amidward. 1905 G. H. Gerould Sir Guy of Warwick xv. 149 Guy and Heraud..attacked the former with great fury amidward of the plain. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < prep.adv.a1225
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