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单词 amine
释义

aminen.

/ˈæmaɪn//əˈmaɪn/the latter always in comb
Etymology: < am- (in ammonia n.) + -ine suffix1.
Chem.
Generic name of the compound ammonias, in which one or more of the three hydrogen atoms in ammonia, NH3, are exchanged for alcohol or other positive radicals, as methyl, ethyl, phenyl, or for a metal, as potassium, platinum, zinc.They are distinguished as Monamines, Diamines, Triamines, according to the number of ammonia molecules represented in the molecule of the compound; each of which may be primary, secondary, or tertiary, according as 1/ 3, 2/ 3, or the whole of the hydrogen is replaced. The nature of the replacing radical or element is shown by prefixing its name, as in primary amines, Methylamine, Ethylamine, Phenylamine, Platinamine, Potassamine, Zincamine; or, in secondary and tertiary amines, in the case of two or three replacements by the same radical, Di-ethylamine, Tri-potassamine, or by different radicals as Methyl-ethylamine, Di-methyl-ethylamine (NH3, in which 2 atoms of H are replaced by methyl, and 1 by ethyl), Methyl-ethyl-amylamine (containing one atom each of methyl, ethyl, and amyl, in union with the nitrogen of the original ammonia). Primary amines were originally included under amides (see amide n.) in the earlier sense; they may be represented as derived from the paraffins by substitution of amidogen, NH2, for hydrogen, or from the alcohols by substitution of amidogen for hydroxyl.
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the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > amines > [noun]
amine1863
1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. (1872) I. 169 Ammonias in which 1 or more atoms of hydrogen are replaced by base-radicles. This division we call ‘amines.’
1866 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. xxxix. 341 It [sc. benzylamine] is a true amine, and gives rise to corresponding secondary and tertiary amines.
1879 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon (at cited word), The amines are basic compounds, capable of uniting with acids and forming salts..The lower members of the group are gases, the higher oily liquids.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1884; most recently modified version published online November 2010).
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