dictionn.

Brit.

/ˈdɪkʃn/, U.S.

/ˈdɪkʃən/

Forms: 1500s diccion, 1500s dyction, 1500s– diction, 1600s dixion; also Scottish pre-1700 dictione, pre-1700 dictioun.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French diction; Latin dictiōn-, dictiō.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman dictioun and Middle French diccion, dicion, Middle French, French diction word, expression (12th cent. in Old French), wording, manner of speaking, pronunciation (16th cent.), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin dictiōn-, dictiō action of speaking, public speaking, method or style of speaking, action of saying or uttering, declaration of a judgement or penalty, (oracular) utterance, (in rhetoric) speech, declaration, (in grammar) word, expression < dict- , past participial stem of dīcere to say (see dictum n.) + -iō -ion suffix¹, after ancient Greek λέξις lexis n. Compare Old Occitan diccion, also German Diktion (late 15th cent.).Apparently not in English dictionaries before Johnson.

†a. A word. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > word > [noun]

wordOE

diction1416

vocable1440

phrase1552

accent?1553

whid1567

vowel1578

mot1591

accenty1600

quatcha1635

verba1716

verbalism1787

word1825

word1843

dicky1893

vocabulary item1916

monolog1929

dicky bird1932

word-type1936

lexical item1964

lexon1964

1416 in D. Thomson Middle Eng. Grammatical Texts (1984) 51 ‘Of’ efter a nown substantyf, partatyf, superlatyf degre, ‘of’ efter a dicion synfyyt fulnesse or foydnesse schal cerue to genityf case.

1534 N. Udall Floures for Latine Spekynge gathered oute of Terence f. 40 Subunio, is a marke, that the Grekes vse whan two sondry dictions or vocables are to be ioyned into one.

1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 121^v Twoo soondry woordes, albeeit by reason of y^e figure called synalephe..it seemeth in maner no more but one diccion.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) Prol. 13 The quhilkis culd nocht be translatit in oure scottis langage, as..pretours, tribuns, ande mony vthir romane dictions.

1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια xxvi. sig. l4 Dictions, syllables, letters, numbers.

1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica i. xxv. 99 In Dictions are first to be consider'd their Etymology and Conjugation, and then their Synonymy and Homonymy, and Acception Words.

1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 413/2 The second sort of cabbala, called notaricon, consists in taking every particular letter of a word for an intire diction.

b. A phrase, a locution; a turn of phrase. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > phrase > [noun]

locution?a1475

phrase1530

saying1530

comma1592

speecha1599

standa1626

gramm1647

dictiona1660

roada1690

slip-slop1823

construct1871

group word1888

a1660 H. Hammond Wks. (1684) I. 425 We are not wont to require the dictions of the New Testament..to be tryed by Attical heathen Greek Writers.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 62. ⁋7 An easy Flow of Words, without being distracted (as we often are who read much) in the choice of Dictions and Phrases.

1778 A. Rees Chambers's Cycl. (new ed.) I. at Analogy Some [grammarians]..contend that the analogy, or reason, reigns through all the parts, all the phrases and dictions of the Latin tongue.

1884 Times 25 Aug. 6/4 He collected in a well-arranged lexicon all the words and dictions of the whole body of Anglo-Saxon poetry.

1950 Vigiliae Christianae 4 113 A period in Greek Christian literature when it was fashionable to make a literary use of antiquated words and dictions which until then had been clearly pagan.

†2. A saying, a remark. Cf. dict n.¹ Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > saying, maxim, adage > [noun]

saw9..

quideOE

yedOE

wordOE

wisdomc1175

bysawe?c1225

riotc1330

sentencec1380

textc1386

dict1432

diction1477

redec1480

say1486

adage1530

commonplace?1531

adagy1534

soothsay1549

maxima1564

apophthegm1570

speech1575

gnome1577

aphorisma1593

imprese1593

spoke1594

symbol1594

maxim1605

wording1606

impress1610

motto1615

dictum1616

impresa1622

dictate1625

effate1650

sentiment1780

great thought1821

brocarda1856

text-motto1880

sententia1917

1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 52^v Tholome..made hys consideracions in the tyme of kyng Adryan, and made hys dictions vpon the consideracions at Roodes.

1646 T. Blount tr. H. Estienne Art making Devises xii. 32 Those pretty conceipts, dictions or sentences, which Hipparchus, the seven Wise men of Greece, and many other Morall Philosophers have delivered.

a. The manner in which anything is expressed in (spoken or written) words; choice or selection of words and phrases; wording, phrasing; verbal style.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > [noun]

speechc1000

saying1340

accenta1398

tonguec1460

diction1563

address1581

elocution1604

tone1687

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > [noun] > mode of expression

manner of speakinga1387

termsc1400

parlancec1475

locution1483

diction1563

couching1571

dictamenta1572

dialect1579

style1594

phraseology1604

phrasing1611

expression1628

language1643

wording1649

routine1676

mode1779

verbiage1792

parle1793

verbiagerie1817

vocabulation1859

phraseography1899

lexis1950

1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 60 As to the phrase and dictioun heirof, guid it war to remember [etc].

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Apol. Poetrie (1595) sig. K4 Now, for the out-side of it [sc. Poesy], which is words, or (as I may tearme it) Diction.

1627 W. Guild Popish Glorying in Antiq. vii. 137 Beeing written in such a barbarous sort of Diction, which was no wayes to bee heard, especiallie amongst such learned Bishops, as then were in Rome.

1685 J. Dryden Sylvæ Pref. sig. A7^v There is an inimitable grace in Virgils words..; this Diction of his, I must once again say, is never to be Copied.

1693 W. Wotton tr. L. E. Du Pin New Hist. Eccl. Writers V. iv. 57 The Knowledge of the Scripture consists of two Parts; The first concerns the Surface or the Diction of the Scripture; the second concerns the things themselves which the Scripture teaches us.

1709 A. Pope Let. 7 May (1956) I. 57 It wou'd be very kind in you to observe any Deficiencies in the Diction or Numbers [of my translation].

1717 W. Congreve in Dramatic Wks. J. Dryden I. Ded. In his Poems, his Diction is, where-ever his Subject requires it, so Sublimely, and so truly Poetical, that [etc.].

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Diction, the Phrase, Elocution, or Style of a Writer, or Speaker.

1767 T. Gray Let. 12 Aug. in Corr. (1971) III. 974 The diction is..not loaded with epithets & figures, nor flagging into prose.

1803 Ann. Rev. 1 429 The ampleness of his diction oftener results from throng of thought than plenty of words.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 134 Tyrconnel..with his usual energy of diction, invoked on himself all the vengeance of heaven if the report was not a cursed, a blasted, a confounded lie.

1868 A. P. Stanley Hist. Mem. Westm. Abbey iii. 195 A grace and accuracy of diction worthy of the scholarship for which the exiled chief..was renowned.

1901 Bookman Oct. 123/2 Americans..have noted the peculiarities of the diction of the writers of the sporting columns.

1956 Ess. in Crit. 6 260 An anxious, questioning, excited passage, more latinate in diction.

1986 M. Fries in J. P. Campbell Pop. Culture Middle Ages 52 We are reminded of the lack of decorous diction in woman speakers in popular poetry.

2002 J. Eugenides Middlesex iv. 418 Luce was interested in the gender giveaways of my prose... He picked up on my Victorian flourishes, my antique diction.

b. The style or manner of enunciation in speaking or singing.

ΚΠ

1815 H. C. Robinson Diary 5 Dec. (1869) I. xviii. 325 His animation is produced by indulgence in sarcasms, and in emphatic diction. He pronounces his words in italics.

1886 J. Ruskin Præterita I. vii. 208 My mother..resolved that I should learn, absolute accuracy of diction and precision of accent in prose; and made me know, as soon as I could speak plain..that accuracy of diction means accuracy of sensation.

1925 Amer. Mercury Oct. 210/1 His voice poured forth its tale of sinister dangers with the rapid-fire diction of a high-speed salesman turned evangelist.

1941 Time 27 Jan. 22/1 BBC announcers were ‘too haw haw’ in their diction.

1977 C. McCullough Thorn Birds (1978) ii. vii. 174 ‘I do not intend to make a long eulogy,’ he said in his clear, almost Oxford diction with its faint Irish underlay.

2004 Opera Now Mar. 74/2 Her diction was as clear as day, although some of the lower notes were a little beyond her.

†4. Expression of ideas in words; verbal description. Obsolete. rare.In quot. 1604 in an intentionally euphuistic passage.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [noun]

descrivingc1325

declaration1382

descriptiona1387

devisementc1400

descrying1440

presentmentc1454

describing1553

delineation1578

display1583

presentation1597

representationa1602

diction1604

characterism1608

deciphera1670

characterization1801

redescription1839

descriptivism1935

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 107 + 12 To make true dixion of him, his semblable is his mirrour.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	diction
释义	dictionn. Brit. /ˈdɪkʃn/, U.S. /ˈdɪkʃən/ Forms: 1500s diccion, 1500s dyction, 1500s– diction, 1600s dixion; also Scottish pre-1700 dictione, pre-1700 dictioun. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French diction; Latin dictiōn-, dictiō. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman dictioun and Middle French diccion, dicion, Middle French, French diction word, expression (12th cent. in Old French), wording, manner of speaking, pronunciation (16th cent.), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin dictiōn-, dictiō action of speaking, public speaking, method or style of speaking, action of saying or uttering, declaration of a judgement or penalty, (oracular) utterance, (in rhetoric) speech, declaration, (in grammar) word, expression < dict- , past participial stem of dīcere to say (see dictum n.) + -iō -ion suffix¹, after ancient Greek λέξις lexis n. Compare Old Occitan diccion, also German Diktion (late 15th cent.).Apparently not in English dictionaries before Johnson. 1. †a. A word. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > word > [noun] wordOE diction1416 vocable1440 phrase1552 accent?1553 whid1567 vowel1578 mot1591 accenty1600 quatcha1635 verba1716 verbalism1787 word1825 word1843 dicky1893 vocabulary item1916 monolog1929 dicky bird1932 word-type1936 lexical item1964 lexon1964 1416 in D. Thomson Middle Eng. Grammatical Texts (1984) 51 ‘Of’ efter a nown substantyf, partatyf, superlatyf degre, ‘of’ efter a dicion synfyyt fulnesse or foydnesse schal cerue to genityf case. 1534 N. Udall Floures for Latine Spekynge gathered oute of Terence f. 40 Subunio, is a marke, that the Grekes vse whan two sondry dictions or vocables are to be ioyned into one. 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 121^v Twoo soondry woordes, albeeit by reason of y^e figure called synalephe..it seemeth in maner no more but one diccion. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) Prol. 13 The quhilkis culd nocht be translatit in oure scottis langage, as..pretours, tribuns, ande mony vthir romane dictions. 1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια xxvi. sig. l4 Dictions, syllables, letters, numbers. 1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica i. xxv. 99 In Dictions are first to be consider'd their Etymology and Conjugation, and then their Synonymy and Homonymy, and Acception Words. 1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 413/2 The second sort of cabbala, called notaricon, consists in taking every particular letter of a word for an intire diction. b. A phrase, a locution; a turn of phrase. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > linguistic unit > phrase > [noun] locution?a1475 phrase1530 saying1530 comma1592 speecha1599 standa1626 gramm1647 dictiona1660 roada1690 slip-slop1823 construct1871 group word1888 a1660 H. Hammond Wks. (1684) I. 425 We are not wont to require the dictions of the New Testament..to be tryed by Attical heathen Greek Writers. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 62. ⁋7 An easy Flow of Words, without being distracted (as we often are who read much) in the choice of Dictions and Phrases. 1778 A. Rees Chambers's Cycl. (new ed.) I. at Analogy Some [grammarians]..contend that the analogy, or reason, reigns through all the parts, all the phrases and dictions of the Latin tongue. 1884 Times 25 Aug. 6/4 He collected in a well-arranged lexicon all the words and dictions of the whole body of Anglo-Saxon poetry. 1950 Vigiliae Christianae 4 113 A period in Greek Christian literature when it was fashionable to make a literary use of antiquated words and dictions which until then had been clearly pagan. †2. A saying, a remark. Cf. dict n.¹ Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > saying, maxim, adage > [noun] saw9.. quideOE yedOE wordOE wisdomc1175 bysawe?c1225 riotc1330 sentencec1380 textc1386 dict1432 diction1477 redec1480 say1486 adage1530 commonplace?1531 adagy1534 soothsay1549 maxima1564 apophthegm1570 speech1575 gnome1577 aphorisma1593 imprese1593 spoke1594 symbol1594 maxim1605 wording1606 impress1610 motto1615 dictum1616 impresa1622 dictate1625 effate1650 sentiment1780 great thought1821 brocarda1856 text-motto1880 sententia1917 1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 52^v Tholome..made hys consideracions in the tyme of kyng Adryan, and made hys dictions vpon the consideracions at Roodes. 1646 T. Blount tr. H. Estienne Art making Devises xii. 32 Those pretty conceipts, dictions or sentences, which Hipparchus, the seven Wise men of Greece, and many other Morall Philosophers have delivered. 3. a. The manner in which anything is expressed in (spoken or written) words; choice or selection of words and phrases; wording, phrasing; verbal style. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > [noun] speechc1000 saying1340 accenta1398 tonguec1460 diction1563 address1581 elocution1604 tone1687 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > [noun] > mode of expression manner of speakinga1387 termsc1400 parlancec1475 locution1483 diction1563 couching1571 dictamenta1572 dialect1579 style1594 phraseology1604 phrasing1611 expression1628 language1643 wording1649 routine1676 mode1779 verbiage1792 parle1793 verbiagerie1817 vocabulation1859 phraseography1899 lexis1950 1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 60 As to the phrase and dictioun heirof, guid it war to remember [etc]. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Apol. Poetrie (1595) sig. K4 Now, for the out-side of it [sc. Poesy], which is words, or (as I may tearme it) Diction. 1627 W. Guild Popish Glorying in Antiq. vii. 137 Beeing written in such a barbarous sort of Diction, which was no wayes to bee heard, especiallie amongst such learned Bishops, as then were in Rome. 1685 J. Dryden Sylvæ Pref. sig. A7^v There is an inimitable grace in Virgils words..; this Diction of his, I must once again say, is never to be Copied. 1693 W. Wotton tr. L. E. Du Pin New Hist. Eccl. Writers V. iv. 57 The Knowledge of the Scripture consists of two Parts; The first concerns the Surface or the Diction of the Scripture; the second concerns the things themselves which the Scripture teaches us. 1709 A. Pope Let. 7 May (1956) I. 57 It wou'd be very kind in you to observe any Deficiencies in the Diction or Numbers [of my translation]. 1717 W. Congreve in Dramatic Wks. J. Dryden I. Ded. In his Poems, his Diction is, where-ever his Subject requires it, so Sublimely, and so truly Poetical, that [etc.]. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Diction, the Phrase, Elocution, or Style of a Writer, or Speaker. 1767 T. Gray Let. 12 Aug. in Corr. (1971) III. 974 The diction is..not loaded with epithets & figures, nor flagging into prose. 1803 Ann. Rev. 1 429 The ampleness of his diction oftener results from throng of thought than plenty of words. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 134 Tyrconnel..with his usual energy of diction, invoked on himself all the vengeance of heaven if the report was not a cursed, a blasted, a confounded lie. 1868 A. P. Stanley Hist. Mem. Westm. Abbey iii. 195 A grace and accuracy of diction worthy of the scholarship for which the exiled chief..was renowned. 1901 Bookman Oct. 123/2 Americans..have noted the peculiarities of the diction of the writers of the sporting columns. 1956 Ess. in Crit. 6 260 An anxious, questioning, excited passage, more latinate in diction. 1986 M. Fries in J. P. Campbell Pop. Culture Middle Ages 52 We are reminded of the lack of decorous diction in woman speakers in popular poetry. 2002 J. Eugenides Middlesex iv. 418 Luce was interested in the gender giveaways of my prose... He picked up on my Victorian flourishes, my antique diction. b. The style or manner of enunciation in speaking or singing. ΚΠ 1815 H. C. Robinson Diary 5 Dec. (1869) I. xviii. 325 His animation is produced by indulgence in sarcasms, and in emphatic diction. He pronounces his words in italics. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita I. vii. 208 My mother..resolved that I should learn, absolute accuracy of diction and precision of accent in prose; and made me know, as soon as I could speak plain..that accuracy of diction means accuracy of sensation. 1925 Amer. Mercury Oct. 210/1 His voice poured forth its tale of sinister dangers with the rapid-fire diction of a high-speed salesman turned evangelist. 1941 Time 27 Jan. 22/1 BBC announcers were ‘too haw haw’ in their diction. 1977 C. McCullough Thorn Birds (1978) ii. vii. 174 ‘I do not intend to make a long eulogy,’ he said in his clear, almost Oxford diction with its faint Irish underlay. 2004 Opera Now Mar. 74/2 Her diction was as clear as day, although some of the lower notes were a little beyond her. †4. Expression of ideas in words; verbal description. Obsolete. rare.In quot. 1604 in an intentionally euphuistic passage. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [noun] descrivingc1325 declaration1382 descriptiona1387 devisementc1400 descrying1440 presentmentc1454 describing1553 delineation1578 display1583 presentation1597 representationa1602 diction1604 characterism1608 deciphera1670 characterization1801 redescription1839 descriptivism1935 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 107 + 12 To make true dixion of him, his semblable is his mirrour. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1416
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