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单词 die-hard
释义

die-hardadj.n.

Etymology: < the phrase to die hard: see die v.1 3.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈdie-hard.
A. adj.
That dies hard, resisting to the last. Cf. sense B. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > [adjective] > resisting > to the last
die-hard1922
1922 Weekly Dispatch 5 Nov. 1/1 The splitting away of the great masses of the Conservative Party—of the Die-hard section.
1923 E. A. Ross Russ. Soviet Republic 395 The die-hard Tories.
1955 Times 19 May 10/1 There were also some diehard Mau Mau leaders who were doing everything in their power to prevent their followers from giving themselves up.
1971 Internat. Affairs (Moscow) Apr. 39/2 Diehard British chauvinism, rich with anti-Sovietism, was expressed back in October 1970, when the Conservative Party held its first conference..after it came to power.
B. n.
1. One that dies hard; spec. an appellation of the 57th Regiment of Foot in the British Army.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > named companies, regiments, etc. > [noun] > British
Ulsters1649
Scots Guardsa1675
fusilier1680
guards1682
Scots Dragoons1689
Scots Fusiliers1689
Inniskilling1715
Scots Greys1728
blue1737
Black Watch1739
Oxford blues1766
green linnets1793
Grenadiers1800
slashers1802
the Buffs1806
tartan1817
Gay Gordons1823
cheesemongers1824
Green Jacket1824
The Bays1837
RHA1837
dirty half-hundred1841
die-hard1844
lifeguard1849
cherry-picker1865
lancer-regiment1868
cheeses1877
Territorial Regiment1877
the Sweeps1879
dirty shirts1887
Scottish Rifles1888
shiner1891
Yorkshire1898
imperials1899
Irish guards1902
Hampshires1904
BEF1914
Old Contemptibles1915
contemptibles1917
Tank Corps1917
the Tins1918
skins1928
pioneer corps1939
red devils1943
Blues and Royals1968
U.D.R.1969
1844 W. H. Maxwell Wanderings in Highlands & Islands I. x. 190 The Die-hards (57th regiment).
1856 J. W. Cole Mem. Brit. Gen. Penins. War I. v. 200 (note) .
1871 Standard 28 Jan. Ducrot, who is a good die-hard general of brigade.
1871 Daily News 1 Feb. Some 20,000 die-hards are determined to get up into that keep and hold out for a spell longer.
1892 W. R. Lluellyn in Dict. National Biogr. XXIX. 8/1 At Albuera the 57th occupied a position as important as it was deadly. ‘Die hard! 57th’, said Inglis, ‘die hard!’ They obeyed, and the regiment is known as the ‘Die-hards’ to this day.
2. A person who is extremely conservative, stubborn, or irreconcilable, esp. on a political or other issue; spec. (a) one of those who were prepared to ‘die in the last ditch’ in their resistance to the Home Rule Bill of 1912; (b) one of those members of the Conservative Party who followed the leadership of the Marquess of Salisbury in 1922. Also transferred.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [noun] > obstinate or stubborn person
obstinate1435
mumpsimus1530
obstinant1581
ram-head1605
sitfast1606
stiff-stander1642
obduratea1665
ironface1697
sturdy1704
stiffrump1709
sturdy-boots1762
stickfast1827
impracticable1829
mule1846
bullet-head1848
hardshell1849
die-hard1857
hog on ice1857
last-ditcher1862
thick-and-thinnite1898
jusqu'auboutiste1916
stiff-neck1921
dead-ender1956
toughie1960
1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. v. 114 They [sc. Rugby football players] are ‘the fighting brigade’, the ‘die-hards’, larking about at leap-frog..and playing tricks on one another.
1912 Tatler 9 Oct. 32a (caption) One of the ‘Die-hards’. Lord Willoughby de Broke speaking recently at Ballyroney against Home Rule for Ireland.
1920 Studies June 197 The heroes of Marathon were conservative ‘diehards’: the modern Athenian..was a Socialist or Spartacist.
1922 Times 18 Oct. 14/2 Diehards demand freedom. Lord Salisbury on Coalition.
1922 Daily Mail 25 Oct. 10 Mr. Chamberlain said: Politics have many vicissitudes. A few days ago I was orthodox; to-day I am a ‘Die-hard’.
1922 Daily Mail 3 Nov. 13 Die hard, the section of Conservatives led by Lord Salisbury who were hostile to Mr. Lloyd George's Premiership and Home Rule.
1927 A. T. Hagg Labour Community Song Bk. 6 The Tory Die-hards in their clubs They sing this plaintive song.
1957 New Yorker 29 June 60/2 The few million white Algerian French citizens, who the diehards declare must not be abandoned.
1963 F. T. Visser Hist. Syntax Eng. Lang. I. iv. 365 It would seem to have been a linguistic die-hard.
3. The Scottish terrier.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > terrier > [noun] > Scottish
Scotch terrier1809
Scottish terrier1815
Aberdeen terrier1880
Aberdeen1882
Scotty1882
die-hard1900
1900 Westm. Gaz. 9 July 3/1 To anyone in doubt as to a suitable dog to take up as household guard or companion the Scottish terrier, often called the ‘Die-hard’, or Aberdeen terrier, and the Dandie Dinmont, immortalised by Sir Walter Scott, are strongly recommended.
1921 Argus (Melbourne) 13 Sept. 5 The name ‘Die-Hards’ has been given to the well-known black or brindle Scottish terrier.

Derivatives

die-hardism n. /ˈdaɪhɑːdɪz(ə)m/ the principles, tenets, or spirit of a die-hard.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [noun]
obstination?1387
pertinacyc1390
obstinacya1393
thronessa1400
stubbornnessc1440
obstinance?a1475
durenessc1480
pertinacity?1504
stomacha1513
stiffness1526
tenacity1526
persistence1546
obstacleness1548
obstinateness1561
stiffneckedness1570
self-mindedness1574
intractability1579
persistency1600
obstinancy1614
contumacy1619
stomachfulness1621
tenaciousness1642
pertinaciousness1651
irresignation1657
peremptoriness1747
mulishness1763
strongheadedness1793
dourness1794
unmovableness1818
stoutheartedness1826
bullet-headednessa1849
stalwartism1879
camelishness1883
thick and thin1884
stupidity1886
jusqu'auboutisme1917
die-hardism1922
obstinative-
1922 Glasgow Herald 8 Mar. 8 If the atmosphere of cooperation can be created, ‘die-hardism’ will be painlessly asphyxiated.
1923 Glasgow Herald 28 July 8 There is a core of ‘die-hardism’ in all sincerely held convictions, and its language does not consist only of ‘outworn shibboleths’.
1926 Manch. Guardian Weekly Sept. 181/1 Mr. Churchill has reversed his former die-hardism and struck out boldly.
1934 A. Toynbee Study of Hist. III. 77 The most remarkable feat of Spartan ‘Diehardism’ was the attempt of the Royal Martyrs..to reclothe the dry bones of the ‘Lycurgean’ system in flesh.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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adj.n.1844
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