diffractadj.

Brit.

/dᵻˈfrakt/, U.S.

/dəˈfræk(t)/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin diffractus, diffringere.

Etymology: < scientific Latin diffractus (1852 or earlier with reference to lichens in areolato-diffractus ), specific sense development of classical Latin diffractus broken in pieces, past participle of diffringere diffract v.

Botany.

Of lichens or their parts: divided or cracked into distinct sections or areolae.

ΚΠ

1868 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 2 249 Capnodium profusely covers the upper portions of the branches of the trees with its thin, black, unequal, areolato-diffract crust.

1913 Bryologist 16 79 Thallus thicker than in the species, but similarly granulose-areolate and sometimes diffract.

2001 D. J. Galloway in P. M. McCarthy Flora Austral. 58A 87 Isidia minute..often forming a sooty diffract crust.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

diffractv.

Brit.

/dᵻˈfrakt/, U.S.

/dəˈfræk(t)/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin diffract-, diffringere.

Etymology: < classical Latin diffract-, past participial stem of diffringere to break in pieces, shatter < dif- dif- prefix + frangere to break (see fragment n.). Compare diffraction n. In sense 2 after diffraction n.

†1. transitive. To break in pieces, to break up; to decompose. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > diffraction > diffract, deflect [verb (transitive)]

diffract1654

inflecta1727

deflect1796

1654 W. Charleton Physiologia Epicuro-Gassendo-Charltoniana iii. xiv. 333 Some parts of either superfice are wholly Diffracted and Dissociated, and so can no longer maintain that mutual cohærence and continuity.

1710 M. Beare Sensorium 121 After some time they lose their Smell, because all the Parts that were sufficiently diffracted to rise in Exhalations, are dissipated.

2. Physics.

a. transitive. To cause (a beam of light) to be spread out or bent after passing through a slit or across the edge of an opaque body; to cause (waves of any kind) to be spread out or bent in this way; to cause to undergo diffraction (diffraction n. 2). Also figurative.The verb diffract replaces the earlier term inflect: see inflect v. 2.

ΚΠ

1803 T. Young in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 94 2 These fringes were the joint effects of the portions of light passing on each side of the slip of card, and inflected, or rather diffracted, into the shadow.

1839 T. Carlyle Chartism i. 7 It is..for some obscure distorted image of a right that he contends: an obscure image diffracted, exaggerated, in the wonderfullest way.

1897 Jrnl. Amer. Med Assoc. 18 Dec. 1289/2 He reflected electric waves like light, refracted them with prisms, and diffracted them with a wire grating of parallel wires.

1936 S. Glasstone Recent Adv. Gen. Chem. v. 189 Liquids are also able to diffract X-rays, but the patterns are somewhat more difficult to understand.

1977 J. March Adv. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) i. 3 The fundamental principle upon which wave mechanics is based is that electrons behave as waves (e.g. they can be diffracted).

2004 W. D. Hausel Guide Prospecting & Rock Hunting Wyoming 9 Rainbow agate, which diffracts light into a rainbow spectrum of colors when thinly sliced.

b. intransitive. Of light or other waves: to undergo diffraction (diffraction n. 2). Also figurative.

ΚΠ

1870 Jrnl. Speculative Philos. 4 101 The man..has consciousness, which diffracts prismatically into multiplicity of individuals.

1913 Bull Photogr. 17 Dec. 780/2 To get the best effects, you must let the light strike it equally, for light diffracts or creeps round the edges and makes the unpleasant fringes of shadow.

1959 Jrnl. Amer. Acad. Sci. 1 42/2 The shock wave diffracts around any large building.

1996 D. F. Wallace Supposedly Fun Thing I'll never do Again (1997) 177 The sunlight has a way of diffracting into spikes that penetrate all the way to the back of the skull.

2007 J. K. Levy & C. Gopalakrishnan in C. Gopalakrishnan & N. Okada Water & Disasters ii. 10 Tsunami waves did diffract around such land masses.

Derivatives

diˈffracted adj. †(a) broken up, decomposed (obsolete); (b) Physics resulting from diffraction (diffraction n. 2); that has undergone diffraction.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > diffraction > [adjective] > diffracted

diffracted1710

1710 M. Beare Sensorium 130 These are but the most diffracted and extricate Parts of them, which by Fermentation have been lessened and separated from the other Parts of the Body.

1849 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 329 The diffracted appearance of various parts.

1876 J. Martineau Hours of Thought (1877) 292 The devout [mind] ascends beyond all diffracted or intercepted rays to the primal light.

1929 Sci. Monthly Apr. 294 These diffracted images are thrown on a screen.

2005 R. E. Newnham Properties of Materials xxvii. 300 Slow waves—both optic and acoustic—enhance the interaction time and the diffracted intensities.

diˈffracting adj. Physics that causes diffraction (diffraction n. 2).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > diffraction > [adjective]

inflecting1666

diffracting1829

prevaricating1870

1829 T. Young in Edinb. Jrnl. Sci. 1 114 There are 100 parallel diffracting lines traced at the distance of the 5000th of an inch from each other, and all equally distant both from the source of light.

1873 J. Tyndall Six Lect. on Light ii. 92 The diffracting particles were becoming smaller.

2008 C. Haslett Essent. Radio Wave Propagation iii. 60 The assumption of the wave incident on the diffracting edge being a plane wave is often not valid.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	diffract
释义	diffractadj. Brit. /dᵻˈfrakt/, U.S. /dəˈfræk(t)/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin diffractus, diffringere. Etymology: < scientific Latin diffractus (1852 or earlier with reference to lichens in areolato-diffractus ), specific sense development of classical Latin diffractus broken in pieces, past participle of diffringere diffract v. Botany. Of lichens or their parts: divided or cracked into distinct sections or areolae. ΚΠ 1868 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 2 249 Capnodium profusely covers the upper portions of the branches of the trees with its thin, black, unequal, areolato-diffract crust. 1913 Bryologist 16 79 Thallus thicker than in the species, but similarly granulose-areolate and sometimes diffract. 2001 D. J. Galloway in P. M. McCarthy Flora Austral. 58A 87 Isidia minute..often forming a sooty diffract crust. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). diffractv. Brit. /dᵻˈfrakt/, U.S. /dəˈfræk(t)/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin diffract-, diffringere. Etymology: < classical Latin diffract-, past participial stem of diffringere to break in pieces, shatter < dif- dif- prefix + frangere to break (see fragment n.). Compare diffraction n. In sense 2 after diffraction n. †1. transitive. To break in pieces, to break up; to decompose. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > diffraction > diffract, deflect [verb (transitive)] diffract1654 inflecta1727 deflect1796 1654 W. Charleton Physiologia Epicuro-Gassendo-Charltoniana iii. xiv. 333 Some parts of either superfice are wholly Diffracted and Dissociated, and so can no longer maintain that mutual cohærence and continuity. 1710 M. Beare Sensorium 121 After some time they lose their Smell, because all the Parts that were sufficiently diffracted to rise in Exhalations, are dissipated. 2. Physics. a. transitive. To cause (a beam of light) to be spread out or bent after passing through a slit or across the edge of an opaque body; to cause (waves of any kind) to be spread out or bent in this way; to cause to undergo diffraction (diffraction n. 2). Also figurative.The verb diffract replaces the earlier term inflect: see inflect v. 2. ΚΠ 1803 T. Young in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 94 2 These fringes were the joint effects of the portions of light passing on each side of the slip of card, and inflected, or rather diffracted, into the shadow. 1839 T. Carlyle Chartism i. 7 It is..for some obscure distorted image of a right that he contends: an obscure image diffracted, exaggerated, in the wonderfullest way. 1897 Jrnl. Amer. Med Assoc. 18 Dec. 1289/2 He reflected electric waves like light, refracted them with prisms, and diffracted them with a wire grating of parallel wires. 1936 S. Glasstone Recent Adv. Gen. Chem. v. 189 Liquids are also able to diffract X-rays, but the patterns are somewhat more difficult to understand. 1977 J. March Adv. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) i. 3 The fundamental principle upon which wave mechanics is based is that electrons behave as waves (e.g. they can be diffracted). 2004 W. D. Hausel Guide Prospecting & Rock Hunting Wyoming 9 Rainbow agate, which diffracts light into a rainbow spectrum of colors when thinly sliced. b. intransitive. Of light or other waves: to undergo diffraction (diffraction n. 2). Also figurative. ΚΠ 1870 Jrnl. Speculative Philos. 4 101 The man..has consciousness, which diffracts prismatically into multiplicity of individuals. 1913 Bull Photogr. 17 Dec. 780/2 To get the best effects, you must let the light strike it equally, for light diffracts or creeps round the edges and makes the unpleasant fringes of shadow. 1959 Jrnl. Amer. Acad. Sci. 1 42/2 The shock wave diffracts around any large building. 1996 D. F. Wallace Supposedly Fun Thing I'll never do Again (1997) 177 The sunlight has a way of diffracting into spikes that penetrate all the way to the back of the skull. 2007 J. K. Levy & C. Gopalakrishnan in C. Gopalakrishnan & N. Okada Water & Disasters ii. 10 Tsunami waves did diffract around such land masses. Derivatives diˈffracted adj. †(a) broken up, decomposed (obsolete); (b) Physics resulting from diffraction (diffraction n. 2); that has undergone diffraction. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > diffraction > [adjective] > diffracted diffracted1710 1710 M. Beare Sensorium 130 These are but the most diffracted and extricate Parts of them, which by Fermentation have been lessened and separated from the other Parts of the Body. 1849 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 329 The diffracted appearance of various parts. 1876 J. Martineau Hours of Thought (1877) 292 The devout [mind] ascends beyond all diffracted or intercepted rays to the primal light. 1929 Sci. Monthly Apr. 294 These diffracted images are thrown on a screen. 2005 R. E. Newnham Properties of Materials xxvii. 300 Slow waves—both optic and acoustic—enhance the interaction time and the diffracted intensities. diˈffracting adj. Physics that causes diffraction (diffraction n. 2). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > diffraction > [adjective] inflecting1666 diffracting1829 prevaricating1870 1829 T. Young in Edinb. Jrnl. Sci. 1 114 There are 100 parallel diffracting lines traced at the distance of the 5000th of an inch from each other, and all equally distant both from the source of light. 1873 J. Tyndall Six Lect. on Light ii. 92 The diffracting particles were becoming smaller. 2008 C. Haslett Essent. Radio Wave Propagation iii. 60 The assumption of the wave incident on the diffracting edge being a plane wave is often not valid. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1868v.1654
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