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单词 diaphone
释义

diaphonen.1

Brit. /ˈdʌɪəfəʊn/, U.S. /ˈdaɪəˌfoʊn/
Etymology: < dia- prefix1 + -phone comb. form
A low-pitched fog signal operated by compressed air and characterized by the ‘grunt’ which ends each note. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > buoys, marks, or lighthouses > [noun] > fog warning devices
fog signal1759
foghorn1819
gas gun1874
diaphone1906
1906 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 20 Jan. 6/5 The fog alarm will consist of a diaphone, operated by compressed air.
1950 Engineering 29 Dec. 570/1 Three types of sound signal compared were a diaphone with a fundamental frequency of about 180 cycles p. second, [etc.].
1970 Motor Boat & Yachting 16 Oct. 36/1 The fog horn was one of the diaphone type and I can't beat the description in Reed's—‘a strong note of low tone ending with a well-defined “grunt”’.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

diaphonen.2

Brit. /ˈdʌɪəfəʊn/, U.S. /ˈdaɪəˌfoʊn/
Etymology: < dia- prefix1 + phone n.1
Linguistics.
All the different forms of a phoneme that collectively occur in all the dialects of a language (see quot. 1932).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > phoneme, allophone, etc.
phonea1866
phoneme1879
metaphone1930
diaphone1932
variphone1932
morphoneme1933
morphophoneme1934
microphoneme1935
stress phoneme1936
archiphoneme1937
allophone1938
diaphoneme1939
prosodeme1939
keneme1950
proto-phoneme1951
idiophoneme1955
morphon1964
hypophoneme1966
morphophone1967
1932 D. Jones Outl. Eng. Phonetics (ed. 3) xi. 52 The term diaphone is used to denote a sound used by one group of speakers together with other sounds which replace it in the pronunciation of other speakers.
1950 D. Jones Phoneme xxvii. 198 Overlapping of diaphones is..especially liable to happen when a sound lies near the limit of a diaphonic ‘area’.
1953 W. J. Entwistle Aspects of Lang. iv. 114 The diaphones are also found in the speech of a single individual.
1961 H. Kurath & R. I. McDavid Pronunc. Eng. in Atlantic States iii. 101 (heading) The regional and social dissemination of the diaphones of stressed vowels.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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