† disadvancev.

Forms: see dis- prefix and advance v.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: dis- prefix, advance v.

Etymology: < dis- prefix + advance v., after Anglo-Norman desavauncer, Middle French desavancer, desavancier (French (now regional) désavancer) to check or hinder the advance of (a person), to cause damage to (a person, thing, cause, etc.) (both late 12th cent. in Old French), to cease to advance, to stop (early 15th cent.).

Obsolete.

a. transitive. To prevent from advancing; to check or hinder the advance of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > cause to move back [verb (transitive)] > force backwards

frontc1400

disadvancea1413

rechasea1533

retrude1598

recompel1624

retund1647

a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 511 Right for to speken of an ordenaunce How we þe Grekes myghte disauaunce.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxxii. 658 To disavaunce the Emperour, and by-reve hym the wey to Oston.

b. transitive. To draw back (anything put forward); to lower or bring down (anything raised). Also: to cause to fall or subside.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] > leave behind (something stationary)

disadvance1596

distance1819

shake1872

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > pull back

reduce?a1425

retract?a1475

retraha1513

retire1594

disadvance1596

repair1596

rehale1613

repull1632

revulsec1694

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. iii. sig. C4 That forced him his shield to disaduaunce .

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. vii. 474/2 He displayed his Ensignes, till for the French Kings loue he was content to disaduance them.

1634 W. Lathum Meditationes in Phyala Lachrymarum 38 So have I seene the boistrous-body'd oake..lopt with many a sturdie stroke..I saw it fall and headlong disadvanc't.

1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 131 The more they sail southward, the more they advance the Antartick, and disadvance the Artick [pole].

1664 T. Lowick Hist. Life & Martyrdom St George 35 Neptune disadvancing trisulk yields To smooth the surface of his azure fields.

2. transitive. figurative. To hinder the advancement, progress, or promotion of; to reduce in quality, status, or condition.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > make humble [verb (transitive)]

edmodienc1175

lowc1175

meekc1175

lessa1382

abatec1390

abasea1393

belowc1400

meekenc1400

disadvance?c1425

simplec1450

lowlyc1485

humilea1492

chasten1526

to pare the nails ofa1549

lessen1579

vail1582

to take (something) a hole lower1591

destate1615

humblea1616

thorough-humblea1617

humiliate1656

level1712

unnichea1751

to level up, down1791

unpedestal1821

to take the starch out of1830

?c1425 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Royal 17 D.vi) (1860) 49 He slipirly stant whom that thow [sc. Fortune] enhauncest, For sodeynly thow hym disavauncest.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. l. 753 (MED) Age gan ther beute disauaunce.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xv. 250 Men..hadden grete drede that for the faute of her prowesse that holy cherche and cristin feith were disavaunced.

1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. lvii. f. 335 The daughters..be disaduaunced and abased.

a1644 F. Quarles Shepheards Oracles (1646) viii. 97 A strange mischance Ore threw my dealings, which did disadvance My meane estate.

3. intransitive. To cease to advance, to stop.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > come to a stand or stop

abideOE

atstandc1000

steveneta1225

atstuntc1230

to make, take, etc., stallc1275

stema1300

astandc1314

withstanda1325

stintc1374

arrestc1400

stotec1400

stayc1440

steadc1475

stop short1530

disadvance1610

come1611

consist1611

check1635

halt1656

to bring to1697

to draw up1767

to bring up1769

to pull up1781

to fetch up1838

to come to a standstill1852

1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 27 But when they saw their Lords bright cognizance Shine in his face, soone did they disadvaunce, And some vnto him kneele, and some about him daunce.

Derivatives

disadvancing n. an act of moving backwards.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > [noun]

retreat1594

reciprocation1603

retrocession1642

retrogradation1644

disadvancing1659

retrocedence1703

retrogression1704

backening1748

backwarding1765

throwback1851

1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 13 Their [sc. the stars'] advancings and disadvancings.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	disadvance
释义	† disadvancev. Forms: see dis- prefix and advance v. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: dis- prefix, advance v. Etymology: < dis- prefix + advance v., after Anglo-Norman desavauncer, Middle French desavancer, desavancier (French (now regional) désavancer) to check or hinder the advance of (a person), to cause damage to (a person, thing, cause, etc.) (both late 12th cent. in Old French), to cease to advance, to stop (early 15th cent.). Obsolete. 1. a. transitive. To prevent from advancing; to check or hinder the advance of. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > cause to move back [verb (transitive)] > force backwards frontc1400 disadvancea1413 rechasea1533 retrude1598 recompel1624 retund1647 a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 511 Right for to speken of an ordenaunce How we þe Grekes myghte disauaunce. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxxii. 658 To disavaunce the Emperour, and by-reve hym the wey to Oston. b. transitive. To draw back (anything put forward); to lower or bring down (anything raised). Also: to cause to fall or subside. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] > leave behind (something stationary) disadvance1596 distance1819 shake1872 the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > pull back reduce?a1425 retract?a1475 retraha1513 retire1594 disadvance1596 repair1596 rehale1613 repull1632 revulsec1694 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. iii. sig. C4 That forced him his shield to disaduaunce . View more context for this quotation 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. vii. 474/2 He displayed his Ensignes, till for the French Kings loue he was content to disaduance them. 1634 W. Lathum Meditationes in Phyala Lachrymarum 38 So have I seene the boistrous-body'd oake..lopt with many a sturdie stroke..I saw it fall and headlong disadvanc't. 1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 131 The more they sail southward, the more they advance the Antartick, and disadvance the Artick [pole]. 1664 T. Lowick Hist. Life & Martyrdom St George 35 Neptune disadvancing trisulk yields To smooth the surface of his azure fields. 2. transitive. figurative. To hinder the advancement, progress, or promotion of; to reduce in quality, status, or condition. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > make humble [verb (transitive)] edmodienc1175 lowc1175 meekc1175 lessa1382 abatec1390 abasea1393 belowc1400 meekenc1400 disadvance?c1425 simplec1450 lowlyc1485 humilea1492 chasten1526 to pare the nails ofa1549 lessen1579 vail1582 to take (something) a hole lower1591 destate1615 humblea1616 thorough-humblea1617 humiliate1656 level1712 unnichea1751 to level up, down1791 unpedestal1821 to take the starch out of1830 ?c1425 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Royal 17 D.vi) (1860) 49 He slipirly stant whom that thow [sc. Fortune] enhauncest, For sodeynly thow hym disavauncest. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. l. 753 (MED) Age gan ther beute disauaunce. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xv. 250 Men..hadden grete drede that for the faute of her prowesse that holy cherche and cristin feith were disavaunced. 1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. lvii. f. 335 The daughters..be disaduaunced and abased. a1644 F. Quarles Shepheards Oracles (1646) viii. 97 A strange mischance Ore threw my dealings, which did disadvance My meane estate. 3. intransitive. To cease to advance, to stop. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > come to a stand or stop abideOE atstandc1000 steveneta1225 atstuntc1230 to make, take, etc., stallc1275 stema1300 astandc1314 withstanda1325 stintc1374 arrestc1400 stotec1400 stayc1440 steadc1475 stop short1530 disadvance1610 come1611 consist1611 check1635 halt1656 to bring to1697 to draw up1767 to bring up1769 to pull up1781 to fetch up1838 to come to a standstill1852 1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 27 But when they saw their Lords bright cognizance Shine in his face, soone did they disadvaunce, And some vnto him kneele, and some about him daunce. Derivatives disadvancing n. an act of moving backwards. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > [noun] retreat1594 reciprocation1603 retrocession1642 retrogradation1644 disadvancing1659 retrocedence1703 retrogression1704 backening1748 backwarding1765 throwback1851 1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 13 Their [sc. the stars'] advancings and disadvancings. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.a1413
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