disavailn.

Brit.

/ˌdɪsəˈveɪl/, U.S.

/ˌdɪsəˈveɪl/

Forms: see disavail v.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: disavail v.

Etymology: < disavail v., after avail n.

rare after 17th cent.

Disadvantage, harm; loss.In quot. 1943 as an independent reformation after avail n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > [noun] > disadvantage occasioned by

missa1225

damage1300

loss1377

disavail1423

misture1563

1423–4 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1423 §55. m. 31 Hit semeth resoun wolde he shuld have the disavaille therof, and not the marchant.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. l. 6348 His wiff, off froward doubilnesse, Which euer wrouhte to his disauail.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 10919 (MED) For they were pompous & Ellat..Was to her grete dysavayl, The pryncypal off ther counsayl.

1527 Lydgate's Fall of Pri[n]ces iii. v. f. lxxvii/2 As botes come to lande Nat consydring their crees nor disauayle Whan newfangylnesse bloweth in their saile.

1603 J. Davies Microcosmos Pref. 6 If subiects peace, and glorie be the Kings, And their Disgrace, and strife his disavaile.

1943 Proc. Aristotelian Soc. 43 92 In the absence of these better means it is of little avail—nay, of positive disavail—to insist on the non-legality of international ‘law’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

disavailv.

Brit.

/ˌdɪsəˈveɪl/, U.S.

/ˌdɪsəˈveɪl/

Forms: see dis- prefix and avail v.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: dis- prefix, avail v.

Etymology: < dis- prefix + avail v. Compare disavail n.

†a. intransitive. To be disadvantageous; to be prejudicial or harmful to or unto. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [verb (intransitive)]

grievec1350

nuisec1350

unprofita1425

disavailc1425

prejudicate1565

harm1916

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > be disadvantageous [verb (intransitive)]

disavailc1425

unprofit?1541

disconduce1619

to need (something) like a hole in the head1951

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) v. l. 1243 Þei..toke nat þat myȝt disavaille Vn-to þat lond, but it were vitaille.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1904) I. l. 7602 (MED) Thus departyd there that cownsaylle, Arthewr to worschepe, þe baronage to dysavaylle.

1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Iiij The same not seeldome disavaileth to the..pleasure of the lyfe.

b. transitive. To be disadvantageous or detrimental to; to harm. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > [verb (transitive)]

disvail14..

disavail1429

disadvantage?c1550

to weaken the hands of1560

disvantage1567

to take the wind out of the sails of1822

handicap1857

to stack the cards (etc.) against1941

disbenefit1978

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [verb (transitive)] > to person or thing

werdec725

wemc900

forworkOE

evilc1000

teenOE

grievec1230

misdoc1230

mischievec1325

shond1338

endamagec1374

unrighta1393

damagea1400

disvail14..

disavail1429

mischief1437

outrayc1440

prejudice1447

abuse?1473

injuryc1484

danger1488

prejudicate1553

damnify?a1562

wrack1562

inviolate1569

mislestc1573

indemnify1583

qualify1584

interess1587

buse1589

violence1592

injure1597

bane1601

envya1625

prejudiciala1637

founder1655

1429–30 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Sept. 1429 §18. m. 13 Whether his deliverance be not prejudiciable to þe greet pees,..or muche disavaille or hynder þe kynges conquest in Fraunce.

1471 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 352 Lete hym helpe me now, or ell it shall dysawayll hym better than þe trebyll the money.

a1529 J. Skelton Colyn Cloute (?1545) sig. D.ii^v Hyndering and dysauaylyng Hyly churche our mother.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 517/1 I disavayle one, I hynder his avauntage..he hath disavayled me more than an hundred pounde.

1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison II. iv. 50 ‘I am an Englishman, gentlemen’, said I..judging..that plea would not disavail me.

1861 Cedar Falls (Iowa) Gaz. 15 Mar. If secession is invalid..then the Senator from Texas is entitled to a seat, unless an erroneous opinion disavails him.

1877 C. H. Spurgeon Metrop. Tabernacle Pulpit XXII. 119 ‘I was reared like a heathen.’ ‘Well, that is no detriment; it disavails you nothing.’

1996 National Jrnl.'s Congr. Daily (Nexis) 19 July The insertion of the two words would disavail truck drivers who want to organize, and might ultimately harm some motor carrier employees.

2. transitive (reflexive). to disavail oneself of: to deprive oneself of, to forgo; to do oneself out of. Cf. avail v..

ΚΠ

1958 Amer. Imago 15 175 Freud disavailed himself of what for Marx was his Sunday punch: the historical dialectic.

1971 E. Goffman Relations in Public iii. 87 To say goodbye to a loved-one from one's doorstep..is to disavail oneself of the opportunity to follow along with him.

1995 J. Narveson in M. Friedman & J. Narveson Polit. Correctness: For & Against 75 The theorist will have disavailed himself of the pleasure and instruction of reading the most challenging of all political theorists.

2008 C. Epstein Power of Words in Internat. Relations xi. 233 Japan, in relinquishing its reservation, has effectively disavailed itself of its sovereignty card at the IWC.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	disavail
释义	disavailn. Brit. /ˌdɪsəˈveɪl/, U.S. /ˌdɪsəˈveɪl/ Forms: see disavail v. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: disavail v. Etymology: < disavail v., after avail n. rare after 17th cent. Disadvantage, harm; loss.In quot. 1943 as an independent reformation after avail n. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > [noun] > disadvantage occasioned by missa1225 damage1300 loss1377 disavail1423 misture1563 1423–4 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1423 §55. m. 31 Hit semeth resoun wolde he shuld have the disavaille therof, and not the marchant. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. l. 6348 His wiff, off froward doubilnesse, Which euer wrouhte to his disauail. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 10919 (MED) For they were pompous & Ellat..Was to her grete dysavayl, The pryncypal off ther counsayl. 1527 Lydgate's Fall of Pri[n]ces iii. v. f. lxxvii/2 As botes come to lande Nat consydring their crees nor disauayle Whan newfangylnesse bloweth in their saile. 1603 J. Davies Microcosmos Pref. 6 If subiects peace, and glorie be the Kings, And their Disgrace, and strife his disavaile. 1943 Proc. Aristotelian Soc. 43 92 In the absence of these better means it is of little avail—nay, of positive disavail—to insist on the non-legality of international ‘law’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). disavailv. Brit. /ˌdɪsəˈveɪl/, U.S. /ˌdɪsəˈveɪl/ Forms: see dis- prefix and avail v. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: dis- prefix, avail v. Etymology: < dis- prefix + avail v. Compare disavail n. 1. †a. intransitive. To be disadvantageous; to be prejudicial or harmful to or unto. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [verb (intransitive)] grievec1350 nuisec1350 unprofita1425 disavailc1425 prejudicate1565 harm1916 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > be disadvantageous [verb (intransitive)] disavailc1425 unprofit?1541 disconduce1619 to need (something) like a hole in the head1951 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) v. l. 1243 Þei..toke nat þat myȝt disavaille Vn-to þat lond, but it were vitaille. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1904) I. l. 7602 (MED) Thus departyd there that cownsaylle, Arthewr to worschepe, þe baronage to dysavaylle. 1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Iiij The same not seeldome disavaileth to the..pleasure of the lyfe. b. transitive. To be disadvantageous or detrimental to; to harm. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > [verb (transitive)] disvail14.. disavail1429 disadvantage?c1550 to weaken the hands of1560 disvantage1567 to take the wind out of the sails of1822 handicap1857 to stack the cards (etc.) against1941 disbenefit1978 the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [verb (transitive)] > to person or thing werdec725 wemc900 forworkOE evilc1000 teenOE grievec1230 misdoc1230 mischievec1325 shond1338 endamagec1374 unrighta1393 damagea1400 disvail14.. disavail1429 mischief1437 outrayc1440 prejudice1447 abuse?1473 injuryc1484 danger1488 prejudicate1553 damnify?a1562 wrack1562 inviolate1569 mislestc1573 indemnify1583 qualify1584 interess1587 buse1589 violence1592 injure1597 bane1601 envya1625 prejudiciala1637 founder1655 1429–30 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Sept. 1429 §18. m. 13 Whether his deliverance be not prejudiciable to þe greet pees,..or muche disavaille or hynder þe kynges conquest in Fraunce. 1471 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 352 Lete hym helpe me now, or ell it shall dysawayll hym better than þe trebyll the money. a1529 J. Skelton Colyn Cloute (?1545) sig. D.ii^v Hyndering and dysauaylyng Hyly churche our mother. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 517/1 I disavayle one, I hynder his avauntage..he hath disavayled me more than an hundred pounde. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison II. iv. 50 ‘I am an Englishman, gentlemen’, said I..judging..that plea would not disavail me. 1861 Cedar Falls (Iowa) Gaz. 15 Mar. If secession is invalid..then the Senator from Texas is entitled to a seat, unless an erroneous opinion disavails him. 1877 C. H. Spurgeon Metrop. Tabernacle Pulpit XXII. 119 ‘I was reared like a heathen.’ ‘Well, that is no detriment; it disavails you nothing.’ 1996 National Jrnl.'s Congr. Daily (Nexis) 19 July The insertion of the two words would disavail truck drivers who want to organize, and might ultimately harm some motor carrier employees. 2. transitive (reflexive). to disavail oneself of: to deprive oneself of, to forgo; to do oneself out of. Cf. avail v.. ΚΠ 1958 Amer. Imago 15 175 Freud disavailed himself of what for Marx was his Sunday punch: the historical dialectic. 1971 E. Goffman Relations in Public iii. 87 To say goodbye to a loved-one from one's doorstep..is to disavail oneself of the opportunity to follow along with him. 1995 J. Narveson in M. Friedman & J. Narveson Polit. Correctness: For & Against 75 The theorist will have disavailed himself of the pleasure and instruction of reading the most challenging of all political theorists. 2008 C. Epstein Power of Words in Internat. Relations xi. 233 Japan, in relinquishing its reservation, has effectively disavailed itself of its sovereignty card at the IWC. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1423v.c1425
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