distainv.

/dɪˈsteɪn/

Forms: Middle English desteign, disteign, Middle English–1500s desteyne, disteyne, Middle English destayne, Middle English–1500s dysteyn, Middle English–1600s distayn(e, 1500s desteine, Scottish distene, (past participle distaint), 1500s–1600s destaine, distein(e, distaine, 1500s–1800s destain, 1500s– distain.

Etymology: < Old French desteindre (stem desteign- ), modern French déteindre = Provençal destengner , Spanish desteñir , Common Romance < des- , dis- prefix 1a + Latin tingĕre to dye, colour, tinge v. The prefix has been conformed to the Latin type.

archaic.

1. transitive. To imbue or stain (a thing) with a colour different from the natural one; to discolour, stain, dye, tinge.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > colouring > staining > stain [verb (transitive)]

distain1393

wanhuea1500

colour1501

imbrue1529

stain1655

restain1843

imbue1850

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 65 Whan his visage is so desteigned.

1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. C4^v The tears that so distain my cheeks.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. viii. sig. Kk8^v I found her golden girdle cast astray, Distaynd with durt and blood.

1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion viii. 113 The Romans (that her streame distained with their gore).

1704 J. Oldmixon Pastoral Poem Blenheim iii. 11 Whose golden Sands are now distain'd with Blood.

1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 250 Like autumn's leaves distained with dusky gold.

2. transferred and figurative. To defile; to bring a blot or stain upon; to sully, dishonour.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > sullying or staining of reputation > stain or sully [verb (transitive)]

filea1325

foulc1330

tache1390

dark?c1400

distain1406

smita1413

blemish1414

black?c1425

defoul1470

maculate?a1475

macule1484

tan1530

staina1535

spota1542

smear1549

blot1566

besmear1579

defile1581

attaint1590

soila1596

slubber1599

tack1601

woad1603

besmirch1604

blur1604

to breathe upon ——1608

be-smut1610

clouda1616

sullya1616

taint1623

smutch1640

blackena1649

to cast, put, throw (etc.) a slur on or upon (a person or thing)1654

beslur1675

tarnish1695

blackwash1762

carbonify1792

smirch1820

tattoo1884

dirten1987

1406 T. Hoccleve La Male Regle 340 Among an heep my name is now desteyned.

1436 Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 159 Make fade the floures Of Englysshe state, and disteyne oure honnoures.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III v. vi. 52 You hauing lands and blest with beauteous wifes, They would restraine the one, distaine the other.

a1622 H. Ainsworth tr. Solomons Song of Songs (1623) v. 3 I washt my feet, how shall I them distaine?

c1750 W. Shenstone Elegies ix. 39 A soul distain'd by earth and gold.

1788 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum II. 117 May coward shame distain his name, The wretch that dare not die!

1873 W. Morris Love is Enough 107 Surely no shame hath destained thee.

1873–4 W. H. Dixon Hist. Two Queens IV. xx. vi. 93 You would not that..I should so distain mine honour or conscience.

†3. To deprive of its colour, brightness, or splendour; to dim; to cause to pale or look dim; to outshine. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > dimness or absence of brightness > make dim [verb (transitive)] > deprive of lustre

distainc1385

disgloss1562

matt1602

dislustre1638

deaden1666

ungloss1873

delustre1927

the world > matter > colour > state or mode of having colour > absence of colour > lose colour [verb (transitive)] > deprive of colour

distainc1385

undye14..

stain1477

fade1598

discolourize1825

achromatizea1830

decolorize1836

throw?1845

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 216 Alceste is here that al that may desteyne.

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Fairf. MS.) 274 As the sonne wole the fire disteyne So passeth al my lady souereyne.

1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island vi. ix. 67 These lights the Sunne distain.

Derivatives

diˈstained adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [adjective] > disgraced or dishonoured

shentc1440

hontous?1473

defamed1474

shamed1508

renownless1552

opprobrious1569

distained1590

ruined1596

dishonorate1601

dishonoured1608

disgraceda1616

scandalleda1616

baffled1671

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > dingy or discoloured

foul1547

miscoloured1648

dingy1665

tarnished1716

dinged1725

distained1838

1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 2nd Pt. sig. I4 Shame of nature which Iaertis streame..Can neuer wash from thy distained browes.

1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Calderon viii Distained and time-hallowed walls.

diˈstaining n.

ΚΠ

a1483 Liber Niger in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 69 Which mought be made..ne ware the adventure of distaynynge of all that other part.

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Enlaidissement, a dishonestie, a distayning, a defiling.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	distain
释义	† distainn. Etymology: < distain v. Obsolete. rare. Tint, stain, colouring. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > [noun] > a colour bleec888 hue971 colourc1300 lita1325 tincture1477 tainture1490 taint1567 distain1581 complexion1597 tinct1604 tint1716 tinto1739 hwe- 1581 B. Rich Farewell Mil. Profession (1846) 133 To furnishe me with colours to make the perfect distaine of the beautie in your face. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2021). distainv. /dɪˈsteɪn/ Forms: Middle English desteign, disteign, Middle English–1500s desteyne, disteyne, Middle English destayne, Middle English–1500s dysteyn, Middle English–1600s distayn(e, 1500s desteine, Scottish distene, (past participle distaint), 1500s–1600s destaine, distein(e, distaine, 1500s–1800s destain, 1500s– distain. Etymology: < Old French desteindre (stem desteign- ), modern French déteindre = Provençal destengner , Spanish desteñir , Common Romance < des- , dis- prefix 1a + Latin tingĕre to dye, colour, tinge v. The prefix has been conformed to the Latin type. archaic. 1. transitive. To imbue or stain (a thing) with a colour different from the natural one; to discolour, stain, dye, tinge. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > staining > stain [verb (transitive)] distain1393 wanhuea1500 colour1501 imbrue1529 stain1655 restain1843 imbue1850 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 65 Whan his visage is so desteigned. 1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. C4^v The tears that so distain my cheeks. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. viii. sig. Kk8^v I found her golden girdle cast astray, Distaynd with durt and blood. 1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion viii. 113 The Romans (that her streame distained with their gore). 1704 J. Oldmixon Pastoral Poem Blenheim iii. 11 Whose golden Sands are now distain'd with Blood. 1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 250 Like autumn's leaves distained with dusky gold. 2. transferred and figurative. To defile; to bring a blot or stain upon; to sully, dishonour. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > sullying or staining of reputation > stain or sully [verb (transitive)] filea1325 foulc1330 tache1390 dark?c1400 distain1406 smita1413 blemish1414 black?c1425 defoul1470 maculate?a1475 macule1484 tan1530 staina1535 spota1542 smear1549 blot1566 besmear1579 defile1581 attaint1590 soila1596 slubber1599 tack1601 woad1603 besmirch1604 blur1604 to breathe upon ——1608 be-smut1610 clouda1616 sullya1616 taint1623 smutch1640 blackena1649 to cast, put, throw (etc.) a slur on or upon (a person or thing)1654 beslur1675 tarnish1695 blackwash1762 carbonify1792 smirch1820 tattoo1884 dirten1987 1406 T. Hoccleve La Male Regle 340 Among an heep my name is now desteyned. 1436 Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 159 Make fade the floures Of Englysshe state, and disteyne oure honnoures. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III v. vi. 52 You hauing lands and blest with beauteous wifes, They would restraine the one, distaine the other. View more context for this quotation a1622 H. Ainsworth tr. Solomons Song of Songs (1623) v. 3 I washt my feet, how shall I them distaine? c1750 W. Shenstone Elegies ix. 39 A soul distain'd by earth and gold. 1788 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum II. 117 May coward shame distain his name, The wretch that dare not die! 1873 W. Morris Love is Enough 107 Surely no shame hath destained thee. 1873–4 W. H. Dixon Hist. Two Queens IV. xx. vi. 93 You would not that..I should so distain mine honour or conscience. †3. To deprive of its colour, brightness, or splendour; to dim; to cause to pale or look dim; to outshine. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > dimness or absence of brightness > make dim [verb (transitive)] > deprive of lustre distainc1385 disgloss1562 matt1602 dislustre1638 deaden1666 ungloss1873 delustre1927 the world > matter > colour > state or mode of having colour > absence of colour > lose colour [verb (transitive)] > deprive of colour distainc1385 undye14.. stain1477 fade1598 discolourize1825 achromatizea1830 decolorize1836 throw?1845 c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 216 Alceste is here that al that may desteyne. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Fairf. MS.) 274 As the sonne wole the fire disteyne So passeth al my lady souereyne. 1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island vi. ix. 67 These lights the Sunne distain. Derivatives diˈstained adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [adjective] > disgraced or dishonoured shentc1440 hontous?1473 defamed1474 shamed1508 renownless1552 opprobrious1569 distained1590 ruined1596 dishonorate1601 dishonoured1608 disgraceda1616 scandalleda1616 baffled1671 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > dingy or discoloured foul1547 miscoloured1648 dingy1665 tarnished1716 dinged1725 distained1838 1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 2nd Pt. sig. I4 Shame of nature which Iaertis streame..Can neuer wash from thy distained browes. 1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Calderon viii Distained and time-hallowed walls. diˈstaining n. ΚΠ a1483 Liber Niger in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 69 Which mought be made..ne ware the adventure of distaynynge of all that other part. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Enlaidissement, a dishonestie, a distayning, a defiling. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1581v.c1385
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† distainn.

distainv.

Derivatives