divergencen.

/dɪˈvəːdʒəns/

/dʌɪˈvəːdʒəns/

Etymology: < modern Latin dīvergentia ( < dīvergĕre ) or < French divergence (17th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter): see divergent adj. and -ence suffix.

a. The action of diverging: moving off in different directions from the same point (called the point of divergence), so that the intervening distance continually increases. The opposite of convergence.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > inclination > divergence > [noun]

forkinga1400

shearingc1400

divarication1578

bifurcation1646

divergence1656

divergency1738

divergement1766

trifurcation1884

1656 T. Hobbes Six Lessons iii. 24 in Elements Philos. That Angle which is generated by the divergence of two straight Lines.

1656 J. Wallis Due Correct. Mr. Hobbes ix. 81 Doth it remain the same Angle? the same quantity of divergence?

1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. ii. 104 The Convergencies and Divergencies of the Rays.

1866 R. M. Ferguson Electricity 34 This divergence from the true north.

b. elliptical for amount or degree of divergence.

ΚΠ

1880 A. Gray Struct. Bot. iv. § i. 121 This angular divergence (i.e. the angular distance of any two successive leaves).

1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 608 The stamens stand in one or two turns with the divergence ⁸/ ₂₁ or ¹³/ ₃₄.

2. transferred and figurative. The departure from each other of two paths, courses, modes of action, or processes; continuous departure or deviation from a standard or norm.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > direction > [noun] > straight or constant direction > deviation from

exorbitancea1628

exorbitationa1628

deflection1665

deviation1675

divergence1837

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun]

discordance1340

variancec1374

discorda1387

disconvenience?a1425

unsuingc1425

disaccordancec1436

unaccordancec1449

inconveniencec1460

discrepancea1464

difformness1547

disagreeance1548

disagreeing1548

jar1548

disagreement1551

disagreeableness1570

dissonancy1584

discordancy1587

discoherencea1600

disconveniency1601

disharmonya1602

dissent1603

dissonancea1604

incongruency1604

incongruence1610

incongruity1612

discongruity1624

inconformity1625

discorrespondencya1641

inconsonancy1650

inconsistence1651

dissidy1657

unagreeableness1658

discomposure1659

disconsonancy1659

uncorrespondency1659

inconveniency1662

unconsonancy1665

incorrespondence1667

oddness1680

inconsistency1699

incongruousness1727

irreconcilementa1737

discrepancy1748

incoincidence?1798

inaccordance1808

inconsonance1811

inaccordancy1817

incorrespondency1817

cacophony1831

divergence1837

disaccord1871

1837 A. Alison Hist. Europe from French Revol. VI. xliv. 94 Augereau's divergence had been occasioned by something more than the snow-storm.

1858 W. E. Gladstone Stud. Homer II. 140 The natural divergence of the two traditions.

1871 L. Stephen Playground of Europe iv. 232 There was the widest divergence of opinion as to our probable fate.

1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. II. xl. 88 An illustration of the divergences between countries both highly democratic.

3. Mathematics.

a. Of a series: the action of diverging (diverge v. 1c), or fact of being divergent.

ΚΠ

1858 I. Todhunter Algebra for Schools xl. (heading) Convergence and Divergence of Series.

Categories »

b. In fluid motion, the decrement of density at any point. In quaternions, the negative of the scalar part of the result of operating with the Hamiltonian operator upon a vector function (which serves to measure such decrement).

Draft additions 1993

The scalar product (written div F or ∇·F) of the operator ∇ (see del n.) and some given vector F; it gives a measure of the quantity of flux emanating from any point of the vector field or the rate of loss of mass, heat, etc., from it. Abbreviated div n.²

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > tensor > [noun] > vector > scalar product

divergence1878

scalar product1878

div1883

inner product1920

1871 J. C. Maxwell in Proc. London Math. Soc. 3 231 I propose to call the scalar part the Convergence of σ... I think..that the convergence of a vector function is a very good name for the effect of that vector function in carrying its subject inwards towards a point.]

1878 W. K. Clifford Elements of Dynamic iii. ii. 209 Prof. Clerk Maxwell calls the quantity −E the convergence of σ. We might perhaps therefore call E itself the divergence of σ.

1950 H. Lass Vector & Tensor Analysis ii. 46 The divergence of a curl is zero.

1973 J. Yarwood Electr. & Magnetism 638 The divergence of a vector is concerned with the net outflow of some physical entity, such as heat or electric flux, through the surface area of a unit volume in a vector field.

c. The horizontal movement of air or ocean currents away from a region, a process accompanied by a vertical movement into it; a mathematical measure of this, such as the divergence (sense 3b) of the velocity vector.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > movements and pressure conditions > [noun] > specific movements

eddy1815

air drainage1872

outflow1887

divergence1906

advection1910

1906 Shaw & Lempfert Life Hist. Surface Air Currents i. 18 A position of ascent is indicated by the trajectories where there is a convergence of the lines and a position of descent where there is divergence... These terms must be understood in a generalised or mathematical sense.

1919 N. Shaw Man. Meteorol. IV. 105 The mapping of a large area for air motion will generally disclose a series of lines or points of convergence or divergence of the instantaneous lines of flow with which must be associated instantaneous upward or downward flow.

1944 Jrnl. Meteorol. 1 3/1 In a qualitative sense we may visualize positive horizontal divergence as a horizontal spreading of air, and negative divergence (i.e. convergence) as a horizontal crowding of air.

1967 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Atmospheric Sci. & Astrogeol. 250/2 The large-scale motions of the atmosphere..are characterized by very small values of the divergence (∼10⁻⁶ sec⁻¹).

1984 A. C. Duxbury & A. Duxbury Introd. World's Oceans vii. 226 (caption) The major surface currents of the world's oceans, with principal zones of surface convergence and divergence shown.

d. A region where there is a divergence of air or ocean currents.

ΚΠ

1942 H. U. Sverdrup Oceanogr. for Meteorologists v. 85 Ascending motion occurs in regions of diverging currents (divergences).

1959 H. Wexler in B. Bolin Atmosphere & Sea in Motion 113/2 It appears difficult to find a strictly internal explanation for such a sharp fixed line as the Antarctic Divergence.

1984 A. C. Duxbury & A. Duxbury Introd. World's Oceans vi. 186 Water from below is upwelled at a divergence.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2019).

单词	divergence
释义	divergencen. /dɪˈvəːdʒəns//dʌɪˈvəːdʒəns/ Etymology: < modern Latin dīvergentia ( < dīvergĕre ) or < French divergence (17th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter): see divergent adj. and -ence suffix. 1. a. The action of diverging: moving off in different directions from the same point (called the point of divergence), so that the intervening distance continually increases. The opposite of convergence. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > inclination > divergence > [noun] forkinga1400 shearingc1400 divarication1578 bifurcation1646 divergence1656 divergency1738 divergement1766 trifurcation1884 1656 T. Hobbes Six Lessons iii. 24 in Elements Philos. That Angle which is generated by the divergence of two straight Lines. 1656 J. Wallis Due Correct. Mr. Hobbes ix. 81 Doth it remain the same Angle? the same quantity of divergence? 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. ii. 104 The Convergencies and Divergencies of the Rays. 1866 R. M. Ferguson Electricity 34 This divergence from the true north. b. elliptical for amount or degree of divergence. ΚΠ 1880 A. Gray Struct. Bot. iv. § i. 121 This angular divergence (i.e. the angular distance of any two successive leaves). 1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 608 The stamens stand in one or two turns with the divergence ⁸/ ₂₁ or ¹³/ ₃₄. 2. transferred and figurative. The departure from each other of two paths, courses, modes of action, or processes; continuous departure or deviation from a standard or norm. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > [noun] > straight or constant direction > deviation from exorbitancea1628 exorbitationa1628 deflection1665 deviation1675 divergence1837 the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun] discordance1340 variancec1374 discorda1387 disconvenience?a1425 unsuingc1425 disaccordancec1436 unaccordancec1449 inconveniencec1460 discrepancea1464 difformness1547 disagreeance1548 disagreeing1548 jar1548 disagreement1551 disagreeableness1570 dissonancy1584 discordancy1587 discoherencea1600 disconveniency1601 disharmonya1602 dissent1603 dissonancea1604 incongruency1604 incongruence1610 incongruity1612 discongruity1624 inconformity1625 discorrespondencya1641 inconsonancy1650 inconsistence1651 dissidy1657 unagreeableness1658 discomposure1659 disconsonancy1659 uncorrespondency1659 inconveniency1662 unconsonancy1665 incorrespondence1667 oddness1680 inconsistency1699 incongruousness1727 irreconcilementa1737 discrepancy1748 incoincidence?1798 inaccordance1808 inconsonance1811 inaccordancy1817 incorrespondency1817 cacophony1831 divergence1837 disaccord1871 1837 A. Alison Hist. Europe from French Revol. VI. xliv. 94 Augereau's divergence had been occasioned by something more than the snow-storm. 1858 W. E. Gladstone Stud. Homer II. 140 The natural divergence of the two traditions. 1871 L. Stephen Playground of Europe iv. 232 There was the widest divergence of opinion as to our probable fate. 1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. II. xl. 88 An illustration of the divergences between countries both highly democratic. 3. Mathematics. a. Of a series: the action of diverging (diverge v. 1c), or fact of being divergent. ΚΠ 1858 I. Todhunter Algebra for Schools xl. (heading) Convergence and Divergence of Series. Categories » b. In fluid motion, the decrement of density at any point. In quaternions, the negative of the scalar part of the result of operating with the Hamiltonian operator upon a vector function (which serves to measure such decrement). Draft additions 1993 The scalar product (written div F or ∇·F) of the operator ∇ (see del n.) and some given vector F; it gives a measure of the quantity of flux emanating from any point of the vector field or the rate of loss of mass, heat, etc., from it. Abbreviated div n.² ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > tensor > [noun] > vector > scalar product divergence1878 scalar product1878 div1883 inner product1920 1871 J. C. Maxwell in Proc. London Math. Soc. 3 231 I propose to call the scalar part the Convergence of σ... I think..that the convergence of a vector function is a very good name for the effect of that vector function in carrying its subject inwards towards a point.] 1878 W. K. Clifford Elements of Dynamic iii. ii. 209 Prof. Clerk Maxwell calls the quantity −E the convergence of σ. We might perhaps therefore call E itself the divergence of σ. 1950 H. Lass Vector & Tensor Analysis ii. 46 The divergence of a curl is zero. 1973 J. Yarwood Electr. & Magnetism 638 The divergence of a vector is concerned with the net outflow of some physical entity, such as heat or electric flux, through the surface area of a unit volume in a vector field. c. The horizontal movement of air or ocean currents away from a region, a process accompanied by a vertical movement into it; a mathematical measure of this, such as the divergence (sense 3b) of the velocity vector. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > movements and pressure conditions > [noun] > specific movements eddy1815 air drainage1872 outflow1887 divergence1906 advection1910 1906 Shaw & Lempfert Life Hist. Surface Air Currents i. 18 A position of ascent is indicated by the trajectories where there is a convergence of the lines and a position of descent where there is divergence... These terms must be understood in a generalised or mathematical sense. 1919 N. Shaw Man. Meteorol. IV. 105 The mapping of a large area for air motion will generally disclose a series of lines or points of convergence or divergence of the instantaneous lines of flow with which must be associated instantaneous upward or downward flow. 1944 Jrnl. Meteorol. 1 3/1 In a qualitative sense we may visualize positive horizontal divergence as a horizontal spreading of air, and negative divergence (i.e. convergence) as a horizontal crowding of air. 1967 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Atmospheric Sci. & Astrogeol. 250/2 The large-scale motions of the atmosphere..are characterized by very small values of the divergence (∼10⁻⁶ sec⁻¹). 1984 A. C. Duxbury & A. Duxbury Introd. World's Oceans vii. 226 (caption) The major surface currents of the world's oceans, with principal zones of surface convergence and divergence shown. d. A region where there is a divergence of air or ocean currents. ΚΠ 1942 H. U. Sverdrup Oceanogr. for Meteorologists v. 85 Ascending motion occurs in regions of diverging currents (divergences). 1959 H. Wexler in B. Bolin Atmosphere & Sea in Motion 113/2 It appears difficult to find a strictly internal explanation for such a sharp fixed line as the Antarctic Divergence. 1984 A. C. Duxbury & A. Duxbury Introd. World's Oceans vi. 186 Water from below is upwelled at a divergence. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2019). < n.1656
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