† abn.¹

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown.Perhaps a misprint, perhaps for sap n.¹ Perhaps compare also later sab , variant of sob v.²

Obsolete. rare.

Moisture within timber; sap.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > [noun] > fluid, juice, or sap

oozeeOE

sapOE

milkOE

slime?c1225

juicec1290

humoura1398

opiuma1398

watera1425

sop1513

afion1542

suc1551

suck1560

ab1587

lymph1682

blood1690

fluid1705

humidities1725

succus1771

plant milk1896

1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) ii. xxii. 213/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Yet diuerse haue assaied to deale without okes to that end, but not with so good successe as they haue hoped, bicause the ab or juice will not so soone be remoued and cleane drawne out.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

abn.²

Brit.

/ab/, U.S.

/æb/

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: abdominal n.

Etymology: Shortened < abdominal n. Compare earlier pec n., lat n.⁴

colloquial (originally Bodybuilding).

An abdominal muscle; = abdominal n. 3. Usually in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscles of specific parts > [noun] > muscles of abdomen

longitudinal?a1425

latitudinal?1541

pyramidalis1615

rectus abdominis1680

abdominal1854

ab1956

tummy muscle1974

1956 Muscle Power Mar. 49/2 Them judges only sees byes, tryes, pecs and gams—no lats, traps and abs—so nuts to 'em!

1967 J. Rechy Numbers 68 Danny and the man begin talking about the relative merits of ‘frog kicks’ for the ‘abs’ as opposed to regular situps.

1991 Blitz Sept. 85/2 The overall winner had good lats and abs.

2003 Ladies' Home Jrnl. Feb. 123/1 Skating requires great core stability—strong abs, back and hips for all of the one-legged moves.

Compounds

General attributive.

a. With first element in singular form, as ab exercises, ab workout, etc.

ΚΠ

1978 B. Dobbins & K. Sprague Gold's Gym Weight Training Bk. x. 171 Anything to do with the torso is improved by strong abs, so you need your full complement of..Ab Exercises.

1999 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 30 Mar. 28 g Because there is a strong correlation between abdominal muscles and back muscles, I recommend including back exercises within the ab workout.

2008 E. Davis Graffiti iv. 45 We will all age, no matter how much beauty cream we use and how many ab crunches we subject ourselves to.

b. With first element in plural form, as abs exercises, abs workout, etc.

ΚΠ

1994 A. Sullivan in Pittsburgh Post-Gaz. 16 Jan. b3/2 This to a culture whose idea of sacrifice is a tough abs workout at the gym.

1997 R. Laliberte et al. Men's Health Guide to Peak Conditioning iv. 156 Mix up your abs exercises to get a complete workout.

2008 P. Adams-Geller et al. Your Perfect Fit v. 83 Another misconception about abs exercises is that you have to feel the burn to know the moves are working.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

> see also

> as lemmas

AB n. Medicine denoting the blood type of the ABO blood group system characterized by the presence of both the A and B erythrocyte antigens (agglutinogens); frequently attributive.

ΚΠ

1927 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 88 1422/1 Dr. Karl Landsteiner has suggested the substitution of the well known letters O, A, B and AB for the Jansky numbers I, II, III and IV and the Moss numbers IV, II, III and I. The letters will..express the actual constitution of the blood corpuscles with respect to iso-agglutination, as far as it concerns the separation of the groups.

1962 T. G. Hiebert Abbrev. Basic Med. Physiol. (ed. 4) ii. ix. 169 Type AB persons may receive moderate amounts of any type of blood.

2009 Daily Record (Glasgow) (Nexis) 4 Apr. Obama travels with a six-strong medical team who have supplies of his AB blood.

AB n. [ < A n. + B n., the sigla used to identify two different manuscripts of the early 13th cent., MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi 402 and MS Oxford, Bodley 34, which have a high degree of similarity both orthographically and linguistically, though they were produced by different scribes] the early Middle English dialect of the west midlands used in two manuscripts of the early 13th cent., MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi 402 and MS Oxford, Bodley 34; frequently attributive in AB language.

ΚΠ

1929 J. R. R. Tolkien in Ess. & Stud. by Members of Eng. Assoc. XIV. vi. 108 I will even suggest here that the unity of (A) and (B) will bear minute analysis, and leave a residuum of discrepancy which, in view of the quite different textual history and value of B, is negligible. The two manuscripts are in fact in one language and spelling (AB).

1967 Speculum 42 415 In the discussions attached to each section of the book and in tables which dramatize the results of the discussions, the phonological history of AB is traced.

1977 Rev. Eng. Stud. 28 316 He remarks on the dialectal location of the AB language made by Tolkien..and argues..for an even closer association with the NW. Herefordshire-SW. Shropshire area.

1996 J. Smith Hist. Stud. Eng. vii. 147 A form such as wrecche ‘wretch’..is assigned to the strong declension in AB-language.

2003 R. Dance in Y. Wada Compan. Ancrene Wisse iv. 78 We should not allow the understandable, comfortable impression of authorial voice that permeates the AB texts to divert us from the plain fact that they are written documents.

AB n. (chiefly in plural) a member of either of the two highest social-economic classes A and B (also as adj.) (see sense 2d).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > distinction of class > level or grade > specific two highest

AB1966

1966 Punch 10 Aug. 212/1 We have shown..that the ABs watch the same kind of programmes as everybody else.

1969 Listener 31 July 164 Such trusts appeal primarily to AB readers.

1976 New Society 1 Jan. 5/1 Upper middle class ABs living in the prosperous southern counties.

1986 Age (Melbourne) 18 Jan. 8/4 The social niceties..are very A, B. When I say ‘dick’, Liz pounces.

2001 Australian 30 Aug. (Brisbane ed.) (Media section) 12/1 But a few media groups are frustrated with what could be called bias among advertising buyers over their AB tendencies.

A.B. n. able seaman (formerly able-bodied seaman).

ΚΠ

1810 C. James New & Enlarged Mil. Dict. (ed. 3) II. (at cited word) Seaman, Able-bodied seaman, a sailor capable of taking both helm and lead... He is rated A. B. on board the ships of war.

1845 Times 6 Nov. 7/6 The initials A.B. signify able seaman; O.S., ordinary seaman; R.M.A., Royal Marine Artillery.

1894 Gloss. Terms Evid. Royal Comm. Labour 36/2 in Parl. Papers 1893–4 (C. 7063–VC) XXXVIII. 411 Disrating, A nautical term for ‘disranking’, that is, reducing from a higher rank to a lower, such as lowering a man from A.B. to ordinary seaman, or from fireman to trimmer.

1962 ‘C. S. Forester’ Hornblower & Hotspur iv. 41 Of her hundred and fifty hands no fewer than a hundred were prime seamen, rated A.B.

1990 J. McPhee Looking for Ship 97 An A.B. gets five dollars and forty-seven cents an hour for not eating lunch, if mandatory work on deck keeps him away from the food. It's called penalty time.

A.B. n. [graphic abbreviation of post-classical Latin artium baccalaureus (1569 or earlier); compare baccalaureus artium (1517 in a British source); also bacallarius facultatis artium (1425 in a British source), bachilarius in artibus (1264 in a British source)] now chiefly U.S. Bachelor of Arts (cf. B.A. n. at B n. Initialisms 1).

ΚΠ

1697 E. Polsted Excise-man (title page) In an Essay. By Ezekiel Polsted, A.B.

1721 N. Amhurst Terræfilius (1754) No. 50. 273 Mr. Scurlock, A.B. fellow of Jesus-college, and a member of the constitution-club was..disgraced..for mentioning the word king in his declamation.

1773 Mass. Gaz. & Boston Weekly News-let. 29 Apr. 2/2 Last Friday departed this life..John Alden, A.B., aged 22.

1842 Knickerbocker 19 429 A man may..write A.B. after his name, and even A.M., and be no great things either.

1895 Rep. to Harvard Club of Chicago 2 Educational qualifications equivalent to the Harvard A.B.

1966 M. Pei How to learn Langs. 46 And finally to my appointment to the Romance Department of City College..two years before I finally achieved my A.B. from..the same college.

2004 Copeia No. 4. 946/2 Following his AB degree, George enlisted in officers' training with the Coast Guard.

单词	ab
释义	† abn.¹ Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown.Perhaps a misprint, perhaps for sap n.¹ Perhaps compare also later sab , variant of sob v.² Obsolete. rare. Moisture within timber; sap. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > [noun] > fluid, juice, or sap oozeeOE sapOE milkOE slime?c1225 juicec1290 humoura1398 opiuma1398 watera1425 sop1513 afion1542 suc1551 suck1560 ab1587 lymph1682 blood1690 fluid1705 humidities1725 succus1771 plant milk1896 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) ii. xxii. 213/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Yet diuerse haue assaied to deale without okes to that end, but not with so good successe as they haue hoped, bicause the ab or juice will not so soone be remoued and cleane drawne out. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2021). abn.² Brit. /ab/, U.S. /æb/ Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: abdominal n. Etymology: Shortened < abdominal n. Compare earlier pec n., lat n.⁴ colloquial (originally Bodybuilding). An abdominal muscle; = abdominal n. 3. Usually in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscles of specific parts > [noun] > muscles of abdomen longitudinal?a1425 latitudinal?1541 pyramidalis1615 rectus abdominis1680 abdominal1854 ab1956 tummy muscle1974 1956 Muscle Power Mar. 49/2 Them judges only sees byes, tryes, pecs and gams—no lats, traps and abs—so nuts to 'em! 1967 J. Rechy Numbers 68 Danny and the man begin talking about the relative merits of ‘frog kicks’ for the ‘abs’ as opposed to regular situps. 1991 Blitz Sept. 85/2 The overall winner had good lats and abs. 2003 Ladies' Home Jrnl. Feb. 123/1 Skating requires great core stability—strong abs, back and hips for all of the one-legged moves. Compounds General attributive. a. With first element in singular form, as ab exercises, ab workout, etc. ΚΠ 1978 B. Dobbins & K. Sprague Gold's Gym Weight Training Bk. x. 171 Anything to do with the torso is improved by strong abs, so you need your full complement of..Ab Exercises. 1999 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 30 Mar. 28 g Because there is a strong correlation between abdominal muscles and back muscles, I recommend including back exercises within the ab workout. 2008 E. Davis Graffiti iv. 45 We will all age, no matter how much beauty cream we use and how many ab crunches we subject ourselves to. b. With first element in plural form, as abs exercises, abs workout, etc. ΚΠ 1994 A. Sullivan in Pittsburgh Post-Gaz. 16 Jan. b3/2 This to a culture whose idea of sacrifice is a tough abs workout at the gym. 1997 R. Laliberte et al. Men's Health Guide to Peak Conditioning iv. 156 Mix up your abs exercises to get a complete workout. 2008 P. Adams-Geller et al. Your Perfect Fit v. 83 Another misconception about abs exercises is that you have to feel the burn to know the moves are working. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). > see also also refers to : ab-prefix also refers to : ab-comb. form > as lemmas AB AB n. Medicine denoting the blood type of the ABO blood group system characterized by the presence of both the A and B erythrocyte antigens (agglutinogens); frequently attributive. ΚΠ 1927 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 88 1422/1 Dr. Karl Landsteiner has suggested the substitution of the well known letters O, A, B and AB for the Jansky numbers I, II, III and IV and the Moss numbers IV, II, III and I. The letters will..express the actual constitution of the blood corpuscles with respect to iso-agglutination, as far as it concerns the separation of the groups. 1962 T. G. Hiebert Abbrev. Basic Med. Physiol. (ed. 4) ii. ix. 169 Type AB persons may receive moderate amounts of any type of blood. 2009 Daily Record (Glasgow) (Nexis) 4 Apr. Obama travels with a six-strong medical team who have supplies of his AB blood. extracted from An. AB AB n. [ < A n. + B n., the sigla used to identify two different manuscripts of the early 13th cent., MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi 402 and MS Oxford, Bodley 34, which have a high degree of similarity both orthographically and linguistically, though they were produced by different scribes] the early Middle English dialect of the west midlands used in two manuscripts of the early 13th cent., MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi 402 and MS Oxford, Bodley 34; frequently attributive in AB language. ΚΠ 1929 J. R. R. Tolkien in Ess. & Stud. by Members of Eng. Assoc. XIV. vi. 108 I will even suggest here that the unity of (A) and (B) will bear minute analysis, and leave a residuum of discrepancy which, in view of the quite different textual history and value of B, is negligible. The two manuscripts are in fact in one language and spelling (AB). 1967 Speculum 42 415 In the discussions attached to each section of the book and in tables which dramatize the results of the discussions, the phonological history of AB is traced. 1977 Rev. Eng. Stud. 28 316 He remarks on the dialectal location of the AB language made by Tolkien..and argues..for an even closer association with the NW. Herefordshire-SW. Shropshire area. 1996 J. Smith Hist. Stud. Eng. vii. 147 A form such as wrecche ‘wretch’..is assigned to the strong declension in AB-language. 2003 R. Dance in Y. Wada Compan. Ancrene Wisse iv. 78 We should not allow the understandable, comfortable impression of authorial voice that permeates the AB texts to divert us from the plain fact that they are written documents. extracted from An. AB AB n. (chiefly in plural) a member of either of the two highest social-economic classes A and B (also as adj.) (see sense 2d). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > distinction of class > level or grade > specific two highest AB1966 1966 Punch 10 Aug. 212/1 We have shown..that the ABs watch the same kind of programmes as everybody else. 1969 Listener 31 July 164 Such trusts appeal primarily to AB readers. 1976 New Society 1 Jan. 5/1 Upper middle class ABs living in the prosperous southern counties. 1986 Age (Melbourne) 18 Jan. 8/4 The social niceties..are very A, B. When I say ‘dick’, Liz pounces. 2001 Australian 30 Aug. (Brisbane ed.) (Media section) 12/1 But a few media groups are frustrated with what could be called bias among advertising buyers over their AB tendencies. extracted from An. A.B. A.B. n. able seaman (formerly able-bodied seaman). ΚΠ 1810 C. James New & Enlarged Mil. Dict. (ed. 3) II. (at cited word) Seaman, Able-bodied seaman, a sailor capable of taking both helm and lead... He is rated A. B. on board the ships of war. 1845 Times 6 Nov. 7/6 The initials A.B. signify able seaman; O.S., ordinary seaman; R.M.A., Royal Marine Artillery. 1894 Gloss. Terms Evid. Royal Comm. Labour 36/2 in Parl. Papers 1893–4 (C. 7063–VC) XXXVIII. 411 Disrating, A nautical term for ‘disranking’, that is, reducing from a higher rank to a lower, such as lowering a man from A.B. to ordinary seaman, or from fireman to trimmer. 1962 ‘C. S. Forester’ Hornblower & Hotspur iv. 41 Of her hundred and fifty hands no fewer than a hundred were prime seamen, rated A.B. 1990 J. McPhee Looking for Ship 97 An A.B. gets five dollars and forty-seven cents an hour for not eating lunch, if mandatory work on deck keeps him away from the food. It's called penalty time. extracted from An. A.B. A.B. n. [graphic abbreviation of post-classical Latin artium baccalaureus (1569 or earlier); compare baccalaureus artium (1517 in a British source); also bacallarius facultatis artium (1425 in a British source), bachilarius in artibus (1264 in a British source)] now chiefly U.S. Bachelor of Arts (cf. B.A. n. at B n. Initialisms 1). ΚΠ 1697 E. Polsted Excise-man (title page) In an Essay. By Ezekiel Polsted, A.B. 1721 N. Amhurst Terræfilius (1754) No. 50. 273 Mr. Scurlock, A.B. fellow of Jesus-college, and a member of the constitution-club was..disgraced..for mentioning the word king in his declamation. 1773 Mass. Gaz. & Boston Weekly News-let. 29 Apr. 2/2 Last Friday departed this life..John Alden, A.B., aged 22. 1842 Knickerbocker 19 429 A man may..write A.B. after his name, and even A.M., and be no great things either. 1895 Rep. to Harvard Club of Chicago 2 Educational qualifications equivalent to the Harvard A.B. 1966 M. Pei How to learn Langs. 46 And finally to my appointment to the Romance Department of City College..two years before I finally achieved my A.B. from..the same college. 2004 Copeia No. 4. 946/2 Following his AB degree, George enlisted in officers' training with the Coast Guard. extracted from An. < n.¹1587n.²1956 see also as lemmas
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† abn.1

abn.2

Compounds

> see also

> as lemmas

† abn.¹

abn.²