downern.

Brit.

/ˈdaʊnə/, U.S.

/ˈdaʊnər/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: down adv., -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < down adv. + -er suffix¹.

†1. A knock-down blow. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > [noun] > knocking or striking down > one who or that which

fellerc1390

floorer1795

downer1819

1819 T. Moore Tom Crib's Memorial to Congress 25 In the Twelfth and Last Round Sandy fetch'd him a downer, That left him all's one as cold meat for the Crowner.

1889 Licensed Victuallers' Mirror 16 July 292/2 He administered such a staggerer upon the Irishman's mouth that, thinking it was a downer, he turned round to speak to Maddox.

2. British colloquial. to have (also get) a downer on (also upon): to dislike, to regard unfavourably, to be ill-disposed towards. Cf. down n.⁴ 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > [noun] > a grudge

quarrel1340

grudge1531

heart-burningsa1533

eelist1552

pritch1563

stitcha1591

ingrudge1606

disobligationa1754

down1835

to have a downer on1866

hard-on1949

1866 C. Stretton Sport & Sportsmen 193 His lordship is not what we call a first-rater across country, and is very apt to have a downer upon anyone that shows well forward—friend or not.

1915 C. Mackenzie Guy & Pauline i. 46 I knows better than go for to contradict him when he gets a downer on any plant.

1936 S. Sassoon Sherston's Progress iii. 224 He asserted that I'd got ‘a downer’ on some N.C.O.

2001 K. Sampson Outlaws (2002) 224 I try to busk it with him, try to sound like I've half got a downer on him for even thinking badly about myself.

3. colloquial (originally U.S.). A cow or other domestic animal that is unable to stand up, esp. due to illness or injury. Frequently attributive, esp. in downer cow.

ΚΠ

1886 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 30 Sept. 1/5 The cattle called downers were quickly bought up by scalpers and sent to the various slaughter-houses in Bridgeport.

1939 San Antonio (Texas) Light 13 Aug. 6/8 We buy old unserviceable horses, mules and donkeys, Downer cows, fresh dead.

1988 Rural Delivery June 24/1 Stanchions and slatted floors are very undesirable and dangerous locations for a Downer cow.

1994 Animals' Voice Spring 44/1 It was Agriculture Canada's policy to stun downer animals on the trucks.

2004 N.Y. Times Mag. 28 Mar. 53/1 In the years after mad cow struck in humans in Britain, the U.S.D.A...started testing ‘downers’, or cattle that are too sick or injured to walk.

4. slang. A depressant or tranquillizing drug, especially a barbiturate. Cf. upper n.² 1, down n.⁴ 1d.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun] > sedative drug or tablet

tranquillizer1800

goof ball1938

goof pill1948

pill1951

bomber1962

rainbow1963

downer1966

downie1966

down1967

disco biscuit1981

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > sedatives, antispasmodics, etc. > [noun] > tranquillizer

settle-brain1629

tranquillizer1800

quietener1856

calmative1870

quietant1874

ataractic1955

neuroleptic1959

downer1966

trank1967

1966 Observer 25 Sept. 21/6 You know what the young take now? They take ‘downers’. They want to feel depressed!

1973 D. Lang Freaks xxvii. 94 None of us touched any psychedelics. It was just grass, hash, and opium, with some recourse to downers, especially valium, when one was too exhausted from doing nothing to be able to sleep.

1993 T. Hawkins Pepper vii. 130 This is the theory. If you take a downer you become calm. If you've taken a downer and want to get normal, you simply take an upper.

2012 J. Thayil Narcopolis i. iii. 36 With the downers and a pipe of O under my belt I was numb, if not rubbery.

5. colloquial (originally U.S.). Cf. down n.⁴ 1c.

a. A person who or thing which induces low spirits; a depressing person or experience.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > depressing quality > depressing thing, person, or circumstances

cloudc1430

palla1450

melancholya1475

downdraughta1681

Job's comforter1738

damper1748

killjoy1776

wet blanket1810

down-drag1814

chill1821

dismals1829

shadow1855

down1856

a skeleton at the feast (or banquet)1857

wet blanket1857

depressor1868

dampener1887

sorry-go-round1898

wet smack1927

bringdown1935

droopy drawers1939

big chill1943

party pooper1947

misery1951

party poop1951

grinch1966

downer1969

1969 Sunday Light (San Antonio, Texas) 27 July (Features section) 2/2 If he ‘cuts’ too many classes he's likely to ‘flunk’..or ‘blow’ a real ‘downer’.

1970 Melody Maker 12 Sept. 29 A downer, a depressing experience.

1971 Oz May 6/1 When I was in gaol they cut my hair, and that really was a downer. For four or five days I couldn't eat or sleep. I couldn't do nothing.

1992 New Republic 5 Oct. 30/1 Smeal's talk was a downer, and the moderator hastened to raise our spirits.

2010 Guardian 7 Jan. (G2 section) 5/1 Cynics are predictable and pessimists are kind of a downer.

b. A state of depression; a despondent mood. Chiefly in on a downer.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > fit of

gloominga1400

dumpa1535

mubble fubbles1589

mulligrubs1599

mumps1599

mood1609

blues1741

mopes1742

gloom1744

humdrums1757

dismals1764

horror1768

mournfuls1794

doldrum1811

doleful1822

glumps1825

jim-jams1896

katzenjammer1897

the sniffles1903

mopery1907

joes1916

woofits1918

cafard1924

jimmies1928

the blahs1969

downer1970

1970 N.Y. Amsterdam News 28 Mar. 7/5 You may find yourself on a downer.

1980 A. Roth Caretaker xiii. 142 She suddenly sounded like she was on a real downer and I felt bad for her. But what could I do?

1994 J. Kelman How Late it Was 23 Terrible depressions she got too, her downers could last for days.

2013 A. Gibbons Raining Fire iii. 33 That December afternoon he was on one of his downers. It got so he could barely speak sometimes.

6. A downward trend, esp. in business or the economy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > [noun] > one who or that which is unsuccessful > that which is a failure

fizzle1846

fiasco1855

frost1874

blue duck1889

wash-out1902

blowout1925

turkey1927

flopperoo1936

stiff1937

muck-up1942

bomb1954

fizzer1957

lead balloon1960

damp squib1963

bummer1967

downer1976

society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > states or trends of the economy

inflation1821

economic cycle1832

recovery1843

downdraught1852

perfect competition1853

downturn1858

softness1872

slump1888

downtrend1890

sag1891

under-consumption1895

recession1905

downdrift1906

economic recession1908

air pocket1913

stickiness1913

trough1916

deflation1920

downswing1922

slowdown1922

scissors1924

scissors crisis1925

uptrend1926

reflation1932

depresh1933

upswing1934

stagnation1938

countercycle1944

fiscal cliff1957

turn-down1957

stagflation1965

soft landing1973

slumpflation1974

downer1976

1976 Forbes 1 Jan. 178/1 In the case of both the uppers and the downers, it would be a good idea to examine the companies more closely to see how meaningful these one-year trends are.

1993 Challenge 36 22/1 The downer that deficit-cutting entails should not kick in until next year.

2007 N.Y. Post (Nexis) 19 July 35 Most troubling to investors was Bernanke's fear that a string of economic downers now underway could converge into a full-blown lending crisis.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

downeradv.

Brit.

/ˈdaʊnə/, U.S.

/ˈdaʊnər/

Forms: see down adv. and -er suffix³.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: down adv., -er suffix³.

Etymology: < down adv. + -er suffix³. Compare upper adv.

More or further down (in various senses); in a lower position.Often used self-consciously, following down, as an emphatic comparative.

ΚΠ

c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 6609 Ac þe delphyn is þe queyntere, And helte hym in þe water dounere.

c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §12. 24 As the sonne clymbith vppere & vppere, so goth his nadir downere & downere.

1849 Times 22 Mar. 8/2 He.., as the witness said, was ‘down, and not upon his legs, and so he tooked him to a public-house, and gave him something more to drink, after which he appeared more downer than he was before’.

1873 C. G. Leland Egyptian Sketch-bk. 15 Downer and downer goes the sun.

1880 17 Apr. Punch 180/2 He 's down on his luck, but not downer than Betsy.

1967 Observer 17 Dec. 15/6 We've always done best as underdogs, when we are down. What I've seen so far makes me think we're ‘downer’ than usual.

1975 A. Baraka Hard Facts 30 You hear that, the dictatorship of the proletariat, and be scared think somebody gonna hold you back hold you down, downer than you been held.

2002 G. Sernovitz Contrarians (2003) i. iii. 40 Until the market..proved him gloriously right when Tee-Fog rose fifteen dollars or proved him wrong when it went down, and wronger when it went downer.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	downer
释义	downern. Brit. /ˈdaʊnə/, U.S. /ˈdaʊnər/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: down adv., -er suffix¹. Etymology: < down adv. + -er suffix¹. †1. A knock-down blow. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > [noun] > knocking or striking down > one who or that which fellerc1390 floorer1795 downer1819 1819 T. Moore Tom Crib's Memorial to Congress 25 In the Twelfth and Last Round Sandy fetch'd him a downer, That left him all's one as cold meat for the Crowner. 1889 Licensed Victuallers' Mirror 16 July 292/2 He administered such a staggerer upon the Irishman's mouth that, thinking it was a downer, he turned round to speak to Maddox. 2. British colloquial. to have (also get) a downer on (also upon): to dislike, to regard unfavourably, to be ill-disposed towards. Cf. down n.⁴ 2b. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > [noun] > a grudge quarrel1340 grudge1531 heart-burningsa1533 eelist1552 pritch1563 stitcha1591 ingrudge1606 disobligationa1754 down1835 to have a downer on1866 hard-on1949 1866 C. Stretton Sport & Sportsmen 193 His lordship is not what we call a first-rater across country, and is very apt to have a downer upon anyone that shows well forward—friend or not. 1915 C. Mackenzie Guy & Pauline i. 46 I knows better than go for to contradict him when he gets a downer on any plant. 1936 S. Sassoon Sherston's Progress iii. 224 He asserted that I'd got ‘a downer’ on some N.C.O. 2001 K. Sampson Outlaws (2002) 224 I try to busk it with him, try to sound like I've half got a downer on him for even thinking badly about myself. 3. colloquial (originally U.S.). A cow or other domestic animal that is unable to stand up, esp. due to illness or injury. Frequently attributive, esp. in downer cow. ΚΠ 1886 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 30 Sept. 1/5 The cattle called downers were quickly bought up by scalpers and sent to the various slaughter-houses in Bridgeport. 1939 San Antonio (Texas) Light 13 Aug. 6/8 We buy old unserviceable horses, mules and donkeys, Downer cows, fresh dead. 1988 Rural Delivery June 24/1 Stanchions and slatted floors are very undesirable and dangerous locations for a Downer cow. 1994 Animals' Voice Spring 44/1 It was Agriculture Canada's policy to stun downer animals on the trucks. 2004 N.Y. Times Mag. 28 Mar. 53/1 In the years after mad cow struck in humans in Britain, the U.S.D.A...started testing ‘downers’, or cattle that are too sick or injured to walk. 4. slang. A depressant or tranquillizing drug, especially a barbiturate. Cf. upper n.² 1, down n.⁴ 1d. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun] > sedative drug or tablet tranquillizer1800 goof ball1938 goof pill1948 pill1951 bomber1962 rainbow1963 downer1966 downie1966 down1967 disco biscuit1981 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > sedatives, antispasmodics, etc. > [noun] > tranquillizer settle-brain1629 tranquillizer1800 quietener1856 calmative1870 quietant1874 ataractic1955 neuroleptic1959 downer1966 trank1967 1966 Observer 25 Sept. 21/6 You know what the young take now? They take ‘downers’. They want to feel depressed! 1973 D. Lang Freaks xxvii. 94 None of us touched any psychedelics. It was just grass, hash, and opium, with some recourse to downers, especially valium, when one was too exhausted from doing nothing to be able to sleep. 1993 T. Hawkins Pepper vii. 130 This is the theory. If you take a downer you become calm. If you've taken a downer and want to get normal, you simply take an upper. 2012 J. Thayil Narcopolis i. iii. 36 With the downers and a pipe of O under my belt I was numb, if not rubbery. 5. colloquial (originally U.S.). Cf. down n.⁴ 1c. a. A person who or thing which induces low spirits; a depressing person or experience. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > depressing quality > depressing thing, person, or circumstances cloudc1430 palla1450 melancholya1475 downdraughta1681 Job's comforter1738 damper1748 killjoy1776 wet blanket1810 down-drag1814 chill1821 dismals1829 shadow1855 down1856 a skeleton at the feast (or banquet)1857 wet blanket1857 depressor1868 dampener1887 sorry-go-round1898 wet smack1927 bringdown1935 droopy drawers1939 big chill1943 party pooper1947 misery1951 party poop1951 grinch1966 downer1969 1969 Sunday Light (San Antonio, Texas) 27 July (Features section) 2/2 If he ‘cuts’ too many classes he's likely to ‘flunk’..or ‘blow’ a real ‘downer’. 1970 Melody Maker 12 Sept. 29 A downer, a depressing experience. 1971 Oz May 6/1 When I was in gaol they cut my hair, and that really was a downer. For four or five days I couldn't eat or sleep. I couldn't do nothing. 1992 New Republic 5 Oct. 30/1 Smeal's talk was a downer, and the moderator hastened to raise our spirits. 2010 Guardian 7 Jan. (G2 section) 5/1 Cynics are predictable and pessimists are kind of a downer. b. A state of depression; a despondent mood. Chiefly in on a downer. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun] > fit of gloominga1400 dumpa1535 mubble fubbles1589 mulligrubs1599 mumps1599 mood1609 blues1741 mopes1742 gloom1744 humdrums1757 dismals1764 horror1768 mournfuls1794 doldrum1811 doleful1822 glumps1825 jim-jams1896 katzenjammer1897 the sniffles1903 mopery1907 joes1916 woofits1918 cafard1924 jimmies1928 the blahs1969 downer1970 1970 N.Y. Amsterdam News 28 Mar. 7/5 You may find yourself on a downer. 1980 A. Roth Caretaker xiii. 142 She suddenly sounded like she was on a real downer and I felt bad for her. But what could I do? 1994 J. Kelman How Late it Was 23 Terrible depressions she got too, her downers could last for days. 2013 A. Gibbons Raining Fire iii. 33 That December afternoon he was on one of his downers. It got so he could barely speak sometimes. 6. A downward trend, esp. in business or the economy. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > [noun] > one who or that which is unsuccessful > that which is a failure fizzle1846 fiasco1855 frost1874 blue duck1889 wash-out1902 blowout1925 turkey1927 flopperoo1936 stiff1937 muck-up1942 bomb1954 fizzer1957 lead balloon1960 damp squib1963 bummer1967 downer1976 society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > states or trends of the economy inflation1821 economic cycle1832 recovery1843 downdraught1852 perfect competition1853 downturn1858 softness1872 slump1888 downtrend1890 sag1891 under-consumption1895 recession1905 downdrift1906 economic recession1908 air pocket1913 stickiness1913 trough1916 deflation1920 downswing1922 slowdown1922 scissors1924 scissors crisis1925 uptrend1926 reflation1932 depresh1933 upswing1934 stagnation1938 countercycle1944 fiscal cliff1957 turn-down1957 stagflation1965 soft landing1973 slumpflation1974 downer1976 1976 Forbes 1 Jan. 178/1 In the case of both the uppers and the downers, it would be a good idea to examine the companies more closely to see how meaningful these one-year trends are. 1993 Challenge 36 22/1 The downer that deficit-cutting entails should not kick in until next year. 2007 N.Y. Post (Nexis) 19 July 35 Most troubling to investors was Bernanke's fear that a string of economic downers now underway could converge into a full-blown lending crisis. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). downeradv. Brit. /ˈdaʊnə/, U.S. /ˈdaʊnər/ Forms: see down adv. and -er suffix³. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: down adv., -er suffix³. Etymology: < down adv. + -er suffix³. Compare upper adv. More or further down (in various senses); in a lower position.Often used self-consciously, following down, as an emphatic comparative. ΚΠ c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 6609 Ac þe delphyn is þe queyntere, And helte hym in þe water dounere. c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §12. 24 As the sonne clymbith vppere & vppere, so goth his nadir downere & downere. 1849 Times 22 Mar. 8/2 He.., as the witness said, was ‘down, and not upon his legs, and so he tooked him to a public-house, and gave him something more to drink, after which he appeared more downer than he was before’. 1873 C. G. Leland Egyptian Sketch-bk. 15 Downer and downer goes the sun. 1880 17 Apr. Punch 180/2 He 's down on his luck, but not downer than Betsy. 1967 Observer 17 Dec. 15/6 We've always done best as underdogs, when we are down. What I've seen so far makes me think we're ‘downer’ than usual. 1975 A. Baraka Hard Facts 30 You hear that, the dictatorship of the proletariat, and be scared think somebody gonna hold you back hold you down, downer than you been held. 2002 G. Sernovitz Contrarians (2003) i. iii. 40 Until the market..proved him gloriously right when Tee-Fog rose fifteen dollars or proved him wrong when it went down, and wronger when it went downer. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1819adv.c1400
随便看	brazeless brazen brazen age brazen bulls brazen dish brazen it out brazen out brazen serpent brazen-barking brazen-browed brazen-face brazen-faced brazen-facedly brazen-fisted brazen-floored brazen-footed brazen-fronted brazen-gated brazen-headed brazen-hilted brazen-hoofed brazen-leaved brazen-lunged brazen-mailed brazen-pointed