allostericadj.

Brit.

/aləˈstɛrɪk/,

/aləˈstɪərɪk/, U.S.

/ˌæləˈstɪrɪk/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: allo- comb. form, steric adj.

Etymology: < allo- comb. form + steric adj.

Biochemistry.

Relating to or involving a change in an enzyme's affinity for a substrate molecule caused by a change in conformation resulting from the attachment of a different molecule at a site other than the substrate binding site; relating to any change in enzyme conformation caused by the attachment of a ligand.

ΚΠ

1962 J. Monod & F. Jacob in Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quantitative Biol. 1961 26 391/1 In 1954, Novick and Szilard discovered that the synthesis of a tryptophan precursor..was inhibited by tryptophan... The work of Umbarger..demonstrated that, in many pathways, an early enzyme is so constructed as to be strongly and specifically inhibited by the..endproduct... The most remarkable feature of the Novick-Szilard-Umbarger effect is that the inhibitor is not a steric analogue of the substrate. We propose therefore to designate this mechanism as ‘allosteric inhibition’.

1962 H. A. Krebs in A. Pirie Lens Metabolism 351 In competition inhibitions, substrate and inhibitor react with the same site of the enzyme molecule. Allosteric inhibitions involve different sites.

1971 J. Z. Young Introd. Study Man iii. 64 Such ‘allosteric’ proteins may..be the basis of regulation of gene action.

1982 J. L. York in T. M. Devlin Textbk. Biochem. iv. 171 The modulating ligands that bind at the allosteric site are known as the allosteric effectors or modulators.

1993 Sci. Amer. Nov. 30/3 Certain enzymes may be activated by allosteric, or indirect, means, by which binding at one site influences behavior of another site without any assistance from an additional source of energy.

2008 T. Traut Regulatory Allosteric Enzymes iv. 72 The key to making an enzyme allosteric is to have not only more than one folded state possible, since all enzymes do that, but to also have at least two separate conformations with different activities that can each be stabilized by ligand binding.

Derivatives

alloˈsterically adv.

ΚΠ

1963 Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 77 170 One enzyme was allosterically inhibited by L-tyrosine and the other by L-phenylalanine.

1977 Jrnl. Protozool. 24 6/2 It is allosterically controlled by binding at other sites of the dimer.

2003 J. R. Cooper et al. Biochem. Basis Neuropharmacol. (ed. 8) vi. 116 The GABA_a receptor, a multisubunit receptor-channel complex, can be allosterically modulated by two important classes of drugs: the benzodiazepines and the barbiturates.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	allosteric
释义	allostericadj. Brit. /aləˈstɛrɪk/, /aləˈstɪərɪk/, U.S. /ˌæləˈstɪrɪk/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: allo- comb. form, steric adj. Etymology: < allo- comb. form + steric adj. Biochemistry. Relating to or involving a change in an enzyme's affinity for a substrate molecule caused by a change in conformation resulting from the attachment of a different molecule at a site other than the substrate binding site; relating to any change in enzyme conformation caused by the attachment of a ligand. ΚΠ 1962 J. Monod & F. Jacob in Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quantitative Biol. 1961 26 391/1 In 1954, Novick and Szilard discovered that the synthesis of a tryptophan precursor..was inhibited by tryptophan... The work of Umbarger..demonstrated that, in many pathways, an early enzyme is so constructed as to be strongly and specifically inhibited by the..endproduct... The most remarkable feature of the Novick-Szilard-Umbarger effect is that the inhibitor is not a steric analogue of the substrate. We propose therefore to designate this mechanism as ‘allosteric inhibition’. 1962 H. A. Krebs in A. Pirie Lens Metabolism 351 In competition inhibitions, substrate and inhibitor react with the same site of the enzyme molecule. Allosteric inhibitions involve different sites. 1971 J. Z. Young Introd. Study Man iii. 64 Such ‘allosteric’ proteins may..be the basis of regulation of gene action. 1982 J. L. York in T. M. Devlin Textbk. Biochem. iv. 171 The modulating ligands that bind at the allosteric site are known as the allosteric effectors or modulators. 1993 Sci. Amer. Nov. 30/3 Certain enzymes may be activated by allosteric, or indirect, means, by which binding at one site influences behavior of another site without any assistance from an additional source of energy. 2008 T. Traut Regulatory Allosteric Enzymes iv. 72 The key to making an enzyme allosteric is to have not only more than one folded state possible, since all enzymes do that, but to also have at least two separate conformations with different activities that can each be stabilized by ligand binding. Derivatives alloˈsterically adv. ΚΠ 1963 Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 77 170 One enzyme was allosterically inhibited by L-tyrosine and the other by L-phenylalanine. 1977 Jrnl. Protozool. 24 6/2 It is allosterically controlled by binding at other sites of the dimer. 2003 J. R. Cooper et al. Biochem. Basis Neuropharmacol. (ed. 8) vi. 116 The GABA_a receptor, a multisubunit receptor-channel complex, can be allosterically modulated by two important classes of drugs: the benzodiazepines and the barbiturates. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.1962
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