downshiftn.

Brit.

/ˈdaʊnʃɪft/, U.S.

/ˈdaʊnˌʃɪft/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: down- prefix, shift n.

Etymology: < down- prefix + shift n.

1. A movement downwards; a downward change in direction or position; a change in quality or quantity to a lesser or lower degree.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > fall from prosperous or thriving condition

rureOE

ebbingc1200

fallc1225

declinea1327

downfallingc1330

downfalla1400

fall of mana1400

wanea1400

ruinc1405

wrack1426

inclinationc1450

declination1533

labefactation1535

ebb1555

falling off1577

declining1581

inclining1590

declension1604

downset1608

neck-breaka1658

overseta1658

lapsing1665

reducement1667

lapse1680

labefaction1792

downshift1839

subsidence1839

downgrade1857

downturn1858

downslide1889

downswing1922

turn-down1957

tail-off1975

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 833 h, i, are systems of clay-slate veins called fluckans; the line over s, represents the down-shift, and d′ the up-shift.

1909 Washington Post 30 Dec. 6/3 If the Department of Agriculture could only arrange a downshift in prices..it would help some.

1939 Frederick (Maryland) Post 12 Jan. 3/5 The New Year downshift was resumed in the stock market today as the previous session's rally petered out.

1971 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 84 295 Ss increase their response rates relative to a control condition when there is a large upshift but depress their responding with a large downshift.

1994 K. Kelly Out of Control xxi. 406 More important in the story of progress's demise has been the wholesale downshift of human position from the center of the cosmos to an insignificant wisp on the edge of an insignificant spiral in a dusty corner of the universe.

2015 Epoch Times (N.Y.) 3 Nov. b3/1 It looks as though the downshift in manufacturing activity may be coming to an end.

2. A change to a lower gear on a motor vehicle or bicycle.

ΚΠ

1921 Motor Age 28 July 17/3 Experienced and expert drivers are able to make this down-shift at high speeds by speeding up the engine correspondingly before disengaging the clutch while the gearset is in neutral.

1959 Observer 1 Mar. 21/5 Downshifts are not entirely smooth but most driving is done in top.

1991 Bicycle Guide Sept. 74/3 On our first test ride..the chain broke during a downshift on a technical singletrack climb.

2017 Sacramento (Calif.) Observer 6 Apr. g4 On downshifts, it ‘blips’ the throttle, as the driver of a stick-shift sports car would.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

downshiftv.

Brit.

/ˈdaʊnʃɪft/, U.S.

/ˈdaʊnˌʃɪft/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: downshift n.

Etymology: < downshift n. Compare shift v.

Originally and chiefly North American.

1. intransitive. To change to a lower gear on a motor vehicle or bicycle. Also transitive (with the vehicle as object).

ΚΠ

1944 Republican-Courier (Findlay, Ohio) 23 Oct. 3/2 (advt.) Feel the excitement of racing down the straightaway, clinging to a steeply banked curve and downshifting into hairpin turns.

a1961 E. Hemingway Garden of Eden (1987) xxvii. 229 He brought the car to a stop before the bridge, downshifted and then put her at the road again.

1964 Sheboygan (Wisconsin) Press 2 Nov. 3/3 Zahn said he downshifted his car in an attempt to stop and the vehicle swerved out of control down the hill.

2000 M. Hamid Moth Smoke iv. 46 She downshifts to second..and overtakes a group of teenagers in a car with big alloy wheels and a spoiler.

a. transitive. To slow (something) down; to lower or lessen the scope of (something); to attenuate.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)]

littleeOE

anitherOE

wanzelOE

lessc1225

slakea1300

littenc1300

aslakec1314

adminisha1325

allayc1330

settle1338

low1340

minisha1382

reprovea1382

abatea1398

rebatea1398

subtlea1398

alaskia1400

forlyten?a1400

imminish14..

lessenc1410

diminish1417

repress?a1425

assuagec1430

scarcec1440

small1440

underslakec1440

alessa1450

debate?c1450

batec1460

decreasec1470

appetisse1474

alow1494

mince1499

perswage?1504

remita1513

inless?1521

attenuate1530

weaken1530

defray1532

mitigate1532

minorate1534

narrow?1548

diminuec1550

extenuate1555

amain1578

exolve1578

base1581

dejecta1586

amoinder1588

faint1598

qualify1604

contract1605

to pull down1607

shrivel1609

to take down1610

disaugment1611

impoverish1611

shrink1628

decoct1629

persway1631

unflame1635

straiten1645

depress1647

reduce1649

detract1654

minuate1657

alloy1661

lower?1662

sinka1684

retreat1690

nip1785

to drive down1840

minify1866

to knock down1867

to damp down1869

scale1887

mute1891

clip1938

to roll back1942

to cut back1943

downscale1945

downrate1958

slim1963

downshift1972

1972 J. Jares Basketball ii. 70/2 Suddenly the Bearcats downshifted their offense from fast break to deliberate.

1973 Phi Delta Kappan 55 108/2 Many of the girls..downshifted their choices; e.g., one girl who had said she wanted to be a doctor changed to ‘store lady’.

1980 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 27 Feb. 21 The grizzly puts on a robe of fat and downshifts his metabolism.

1999 Guardian 17 July f18/3 Employability should be as much about the ability of individuals to match their work to the circumstances of their life, without having to downshift their economic expectations.

2017 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 9 Mar. Mr. Wolfert..downshifted his excitement into soothing assurances of safety.

b. intransitive (frequently Business). To slow down, to slacken off.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (intransitive)] > decrease speed

slack1580

slow1594

slacken1734

to flag rein1848

steady1850

to slow down1857

to slow up1861

decelerate1928

downshift1974

society > occupation and work > business affairs > [verb (intransitive)] > of business activity: fall off

slack1609

slacken1725

to turn down1936

downshift1974

1974 Commerce Today 5 Aug. 2/1 In general terms, the economy downshifted from an extremely rapid rate of growth in early 1973.

1986 Computer Decisions (Nexis) 7 Oct. 42 The modem adjusts transmission speed automatically, downshifting to 16.8 Kbps, 14.4 Kbps, or less if line interference appears.

1991 Time 11 Feb. 66/2 Well before the U.S. slipped into recession last fall, business was downshifting in the wake of the Reagan expansion.

1999 Scan (Lancaster Univ. Students' Union) 12 Feb. 11/4 She blasts through ‘Baby Got Going’ with harmonica and hand-claps, and then downshifts quickly to ‘Only Son’.

2018 Times (Nexis) 24 Apr. 34 Growth has downshifted markedly since the peak at the start of the year, but importantly still remains robust.

3. transitive. To change (one's career or lifestyle) for one which is less pressured and demanding. Also intransitive: to change a financially rewarding but stressful career or lifestyle for one that is less pressured, less well paid, but more fulfilling.

ΚΠ

1986 Arkansas Gaz. 7 Oct. a11/2 She has downshifted her life, trading a 50-hour work week for a 30-hour one and devoted more time to creative projects.

1991 Bluefield (W. Va.) Daily Tel. 4 Mar. a6/2 I know of one successful engineer who was promoted to management and decided to down-shift.

1997 BBC Wildlife Mar. 82/2 [They] sorted out their priorities, jacked in their city jobs and ‘downshifted’ from suburbia to a simpler, greener, healthier lifestyle.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	downshift
释义	downshiftn. Brit. /ˈdaʊnʃɪft/, U.S. /ˈdaʊnˌʃɪft/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: down- prefix, shift n. Etymology: < down- prefix + shift n. 1. A movement downwards; a downward change in direction or position; a change in quality or quantity to a lesser or lower degree. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > fall from prosperous or thriving condition rureOE ebbingc1200 fallc1225 declinea1327 downfallingc1330 downfalla1400 fall of mana1400 wanea1400 ruinc1405 wrack1426 inclinationc1450 declination1533 labefactation1535 ebb1555 falling off1577 declining1581 inclining1590 declension1604 downset1608 neck-breaka1658 overseta1658 lapsing1665 reducement1667 lapse1680 labefaction1792 downshift1839 subsidence1839 downgrade1857 downturn1858 downslide1889 downswing1922 turn-down1957 tail-off1975 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 833 h, i, are systems of clay-slate veins called fluckans; the line over s, represents the down-shift, and d′ the up-shift. 1909 Washington Post 30 Dec. 6/3 If the Department of Agriculture could only arrange a downshift in prices..it would help some. 1939 Frederick (Maryland) Post 12 Jan. 3/5 The New Year downshift was resumed in the stock market today as the previous session's rally petered out. 1971 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 84 295 Ss increase their response rates relative to a control condition when there is a large upshift but depress their responding with a large downshift. 1994 K. Kelly Out of Control xxi. 406 More important in the story of progress's demise has been the wholesale downshift of human position from the center of the cosmos to an insignificant wisp on the edge of an insignificant spiral in a dusty corner of the universe. 2015 Epoch Times (N.Y.) 3 Nov. b3/1 It looks as though the downshift in manufacturing activity may be coming to an end. 2. A change to a lower gear on a motor vehicle or bicycle. ΚΠ 1921 Motor Age 28 July 17/3 Experienced and expert drivers are able to make this down-shift at high speeds by speeding up the engine correspondingly before disengaging the clutch while the gearset is in neutral. 1959 Observer 1 Mar. 21/5 Downshifts are not entirely smooth but most driving is done in top. 1991 Bicycle Guide Sept. 74/3 On our first test ride..the chain broke during a downshift on a technical singletrack climb. 2017 Sacramento (Calif.) Observer 6 Apr. g4 On downshifts, it ‘blips’ the throttle, as the driver of a stick-shift sports car would. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). downshiftv. Brit. /ˈdaʊnʃɪft/, U.S. /ˈdaʊnˌʃɪft/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: downshift n. Etymology: < downshift n. Compare shift v. Originally and chiefly North American. 1. intransitive. To change to a lower gear on a motor vehicle or bicycle. Also transitive (with the vehicle as object). ΚΠ 1944 Republican-Courier (Findlay, Ohio) 23 Oct. 3/2 (advt.) Feel the excitement of racing down the straightaway, clinging to a steeply banked curve and downshifting into hairpin turns. a1961 E. Hemingway Garden of Eden (1987) xxvii. 229 He brought the car to a stop before the bridge, downshifted and then put her at the road again. 1964 Sheboygan (Wisconsin) Press 2 Nov. 3/3 Zahn said he downshifted his car in an attempt to stop and the vehicle swerved out of control down the hill. 2000 M. Hamid Moth Smoke iv. 46 She downshifts to second..and overtakes a group of teenagers in a car with big alloy wheels and a spoiler. 2. a. transitive. To slow (something) down; to lower or lessen the scope of (something); to attenuate. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] littleeOE anitherOE wanzelOE lessc1225 slakea1300 littenc1300 aslakec1314 adminisha1325 allayc1330 settle1338 low1340 minisha1382 reprovea1382 abatea1398 rebatea1398 subtlea1398 alaskia1400 forlyten?a1400 imminish14.. lessenc1410 diminish1417 repress?a1425 assuagec1430 scarcec1440 small1440 underslakec1440 alessa1450 debate?c1450 batec1460 decreasec1470 appetisse1474 alow1494 mince1499 perswage?1504 remita1513 inless?1521 attenuate1530 weaken1530 defray1532 mitigate1532 minorate1534 narrow?1548 diminuec1550 extenuate1555 amain1578 exolve1578 base1581 dejecta1586 amoinder1588 faint1598 qualify1604 contract1605 to pull down1607 shrivel1609 to take down1610 disaugment1611 impoverish1611 shrink1628 decoct1629 persway1631 unflame1635 straiten1645 depress1647 reduce1649 detract1654 minuate1657 alloy1661 lower?1662 sinka1684 retreat1690 nip1785 to drive down1840 minify1866 to knock down1867 to damp down1869 scale1887 mute1891 clip1938 to roll back1942 to cut back1943 downscale1945 downrate1958 slim1963 downshift1972 1972 J. Jares Basketball ii. 70/2 Suddenly the Bearcats downshifted their offense from fast break to deliberate. 1973 Phi Delta Kappan 55 108/2 Many of the girls..downshifted their choices; e.g., one girl who had said she wanted to be a doctor changed to ‘store lady’. 1980 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 27 Feb. 21 The grizzly puts on a robe of fat and downshifts his metabolism. 1999 Guardian 17 July f18/3 Employability should be as much about the ability of individuals to match their work to the circumstances of their life, without having to downshift their economic expectations. 2017 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 9 Mar. Mr. Wolfert..downshifted his excitement into soothing assurances of safety. b. intransitive (frequently Business). To slow down, to slacken off. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (intransitive)] > decrease speed slack1580 slow1594 slacken1734 to flag rein1848 steady1850 to slow down1857 to slow up1861 decelerate1928 downshift1974 society > occupation and work > business affairs > [verb (intransitive)] > of business activity: fall off slack1609 slacken1725 to turn down1936 downshift1974 1974 Commerce Today 5 Aug. 2/1 In general terms, the economy downshifted from an extremely rapid rate of growth in early 1973. 1986 Computer Decisions (Nexis) 7 Oct. 42 The modem adjusts transmission speed automatically, downshifting to 16.8 Kbps, 14.4 Kbps, or less if line interference appears. 1991 Time 11 Feb. 66/2 Well before the U.S. slipped into recession last fall, business was downshifting in the wake of the Reagan expansion. 1999 Scan (Lancaster Univ. Students' Union) 12 Feb. 11/4 She blasts through ‘Baby Got Going’ with harmonica and hand-claps, and then downshifts quickly to ‘Only Son’. 2018 Times (Nexis) 24 Apr. 34 Growth has downshifted markedly since the peak at the start of the year, but importantly still remains robust. 3. transitive. To change (one's career or lifestyle) for one which is less pressured and demanding. Also intransitive: to change a financially rewarding but stressful career or lifestyle for one that is less pressured, less well paid, but more fulfilling. ΚΠ 1986 Arkansas Gaz. 7 Oct. a11/2 She has downshifted her life, trading a 50-hour work week for a 30-hour one and devoted more time to creative projects. 1991 Bluefield (W. Va.) Daily Tel. 4 Mar. a6/2 I know of one successful engineer who was promoted to management and decided to down-shift. 1997 BBC Wildlife Mar. 82/2 [They] sorted out their priorities, jacked in their city jobs and ‘downshifted’ from suburbia to a simpler, greener, healthier lifestyle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1839v.1944
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