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单词 allotropy
释义

allotropyn.

Brit. /əˈlɒtrəpi/, U.S. /əˈlɑtrəpi/
Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Allotropie.
Etymology: < German Allotropie (1841 in a translation of a paper by Berzelius: Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte der physischen Wissenschaften 20 13) < Swedish allotropi ( J. J. Berzelius Årsberättelse om framstegen i fysik och kemi 1840 (1841) 14) < Byzantine Greek ἀλλότροπος strange ( < ancient Greek ἀλλο- allo- comb. form + -τροπος : see -trope comb. form) + Swedish -i -y suffix3; compare -tropy comb. form. Compare French allotropie (1841 in a translation of Berzelius's paper). Compare earlier allotropic adj.
Chemistry.
The occurrence of a chemical element in two or more forms differing in structure and physical properties; the variation in properties exhibited by such forms. Also figurative. Also called allotropism. Cf. allotrope n. 1a.In quot. 1932 used of a chemical compound: cf. allotrope n. 1b.
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allotropism1845
allotropy1845
1845 tr. C. F. Naumann in Edinb. New Philos. Jrnl. 39 37 How little, in all cases, resemblance is founded on identity of composition, is rendered so distinctly apparent by the allotropy (allotropie) of the elements themselves, and by the dissimilarity of their isomeric combinations, that all proofs of the assertion would be quite superfluous.
1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. II. 423 Instances of inorganic isomerism are usually called instances of allotropy..Sulphur, phosphorus, carbon, and many other elements present..examples of allotropy.
1908 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 81 333 For still lower concentrations of tin the change could not be observed.., thus proving that the change in question is not simply due to allotropy in lead, but that the presence of tin is essential to its occurrence.
1932 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 18 144 (title) Allotropy of liquid benzene.
1946 Mod. Philol. 43 280 The sacramental allotropy of the Song of Songs remains the most impressive feat of an inspirational hermeneutic that stops at nothing.
1954 A. J. Berry From Classical to Mod. Chem. ix. 234 The allotropy of iron is extremely complex and, in view of its bearing on the tempering of steel, has been extensively studied by metallurgists.
1999 J. Stewart Vital Art D. H. Lawrence iv. 87 Empathy binds the invisible allotropy of her being to his ritualized act.
2008 Guardian (Nexis) 17 Apr. 4 Research was carried out into the allotropy of tin 80 years ago.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1845
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