单词 | dragoon |
释义 | dragoonn. a. A kind of carbine or musket. So called from its ‘breathing fire’ like the fabulous dragon. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > carbine petronela1577 craboun1602 carbine1605 dragoon1622 poitrinal1824 dragon1834 1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre iv. v. 138 A lieutenant of the late invented Dragoones (being not aboue sixteene inch Barrell, and full Musquet bore). 1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre v. ii. 167 If the Regiment be but Dragoones, then a Spanish Morian, and no other Armor, a light Guelding, a good sword, and a faire Dragoone. 1637 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 142 To my Lord Strange one case of pistolls and a dragoone. 1680 J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Second Pt. II. App. 137 The arms of a harquebusier, or dragoon..are a good harquebuss or dragoon, fitted with an iron work, to be carried in a belt [etc.]. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > fire, radiation, or chemical weapons > [noun] > fire as weapon fire?c1225 Greek fire?c1225 Greekish fire?c1225 wildfire1297 firework1528 liquid firea1616 dragoon1626 fire chemise1728 Grecian fire1774 chemise- 1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 32 Pots of wild fire, or dragouns. 2. a. A species of cavalry soldier. The name was originally applied to mounted infantry armed with the firearm (sense 1). These gradually developed into horse soldiers, and the term is now merely a name for certain regiments of cavalry which historically represent the ancient dragoons, and retain some distinctive features of dress, etc.In France, the edict of Louis XIV, 25 July 1665, ranked dragoons among infantry, and this was their status until 1784. In Montecuculi's time, a1688, they still ordinarily fought on foot, though sometimes firing from horseback; when Simes wrote, 1768, they mostly fought on horseback, though still occasionally on foot. The French règlement of 1 January 1791, confirmed by the décret of 21 February 1793, classed them among horse soldiers, after the cavalry proper. In the British Army, the Cavalry are now (1896) divided into Life Guards, Horse Guards, Dragoon Guards, Dragoons, Hussars, and Lancers. Earlier classifications made the Hussars and Lancers subdivisions of the Dragoons. (See quot. 1836.) In the U.S. army the term is not used. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > mounted soldier > others jousterc1330 knight1489 rutter1506 reister1521 reiter1556 ruiter1579 hargulater1581 lancer1590 lance1602 rutar1610 dragon1620 dragoon1622 right-hand man1626 dragooner1639 leaguerer1639 deli1667 Light Dragoon1700 uhlan1753 sabre1836 parachutist1837 sabreur1845 yellow leg1857 spahi1863 horse-marine1878 uhlaner1886 1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre iii. i. 83 To these Low Countries haue produced another sort of Horse-men..and they call them Dragoons which I know not whether I may returne them Foot-Horsemen, or Horse-Footmen. 1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 283 The General following with the rest of his Horse and Dragoons. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1683 (1955) IV. 354 The King had now augmented his guards with a new sort of dragoons, who carried also granados. a1694 J. Tillotson Serm. (1743) V. 1274 Armed soldiers, called by that name of dragons, or, as we according to the French pronunciation call them, dragoons. 1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 304 They..lost most of their Horses..and..turning Dragoons, they lined the Hedges. 1768 T. Simes Mil. Medley (ed. 2) Dragoon, is a musqueteer, mounted on horseback, sometimes fighting on foot, but mostly on horseback, as occasion requires. 1836 Penny Cycl. VI. 388 In the British Army [Cavalry] consists of the two regiments of Life Guards, the royal regiment of Horse Guards, seven regiments of Dragoon Guards, and seventeen regiments of Light Dragoons, of which the 7th, 8th, 10th, and 15th are Hussars, and the 9th, 12th, 16th, and 17th are called Lancers. [There are now (1896) 3 Regiments called Dragoons, 13 of Hussars, and 5 of Lancers.] 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 294 The dragoon..has since become a mere horse soldier. But in the seventeenth century he was accurately described by Montecuculi as a foot soldier, who used a horse only in order to arrive with more speed at the place where military service was to be performed. 1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. x. 469 Riding to the field, but fighting on foot, they were dragoons in the earlier sense of the word. b. As the type of a rough and fierce fellow. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > savagery > savage person > [noun] wolfa900 liona1225 beastc1225 wild manc1290 tiger?a1513 Turk1536 club-fist1575 scourgemutton1581 wolver1593 vulture1605 savage1609 inhuman1653 brutal1655 Tartar1669 hyena1671 dragoon1712 Huna1744 panther1822 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [noun] > person or being wolfa900 liona1225 wild manc1290 boar1297 fell1340 tiger?a1513 centaur1565 wolver1593 to speak bandog and Bedlam1600 vulture1605 killbuck1612 man-tigera1652 Tartar1669 hyena1671 dragoon1712 vampire1741 Huna1744 panther1868 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 533. ⁋2 What Treatment you would think then due to such Dragoons. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits iv. 66 These founders of the House of Lords were greedy and ferocious dragoons, sons of greedy and ferocious pirates. ΚΠ 1686 Bp. T. Barlow Let. 20 Apr. in Genuine Remains (1693) 265 To bring Men to the Catholick Faith (as they pretend) by Dragoons, and Imprisonments. 3. A variety of pigeon, being a cross between a horseman and a tumbler. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Columbiformes (pigeons, etc.) > domestic pigeon > [noun] > other types porcelainc1530 turn-pate1611 light horseman1661 runt1661 smiter1668 helmet1676 mammet1678 Cortbeck1688 turbit1688 turner1688 dragoon1725 finicking1725 Leghorn1725 nun1725 owl1725 petit1725 trumpeter1725 horseman1735 Mahomet1735 barbel1736 turn-tail1736 frill-back1765 blue rock1825 beard1826 ice pigeon1829 toy1831 black1839 skinnum1839 splash1851 whole-feather1851 spangle1854 swallow1854 shield1855 stork pigeon1855 Swabian1855 yellow1855 archangel1867 dragon1867 starling1867 magpie1868 smerle1869 bluette1870 cumulet1876 oriental1876 spot fairy1876 turbiteen1876 blondinette1879 hyacinth1879 Modena pigeon1879 silver-dun1879 silverette1879 silver-mealy1879 swift pigeon1879 Victoria1879 visor1879 ice1881 swallow pigeon1881 velvet fairy1881 priesta1889 frill1890 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Pigeons From the Tumbler and the Horseman, Dragoons. 1765 Treat. Domest. Pigeons 60 When the powter has laid her egg, it must be shifted under a dragoon. 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 64/1 His pigeon-cote..is no longer stocked with carriers, dragoons, horsemen, [etc.]. Compounds attributive and in other combinations. ΚΠ 1688 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 575 Thro all the french provinces..The Dragoon Missioners, popish Officers & Priests, fall upon them, murder & put to death who ever they could lay hold on. 1688 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) I. 487 The duke of Grafton..was shott at by a dragoon soldier. 1692 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 402 Rigorous proceedings against the dragoon-converts. 1745 Gentleman's Mag. 17 416 A regiment of dragoon guards of 10 companies. 1828 J. M. Spearman Brit. Gunner 257 A Light Dragoon horse, mounted and accoutred complete, carries 2 cwt. 1 qr. 14 lbs. 1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia I. ii. xi. 166 [A] rugged dragoon-major of a woman. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022). dragoonv. 1. transitive. To set dragoons upon, to force or drive by the agency of dragoons; to persecute or oppress, as in the dragonnades (see dragonnade n.). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > persecute seekc825 baitc1175 war?c1225 pursuec1300 chase1340 course1466 persecutea1475 suea1500 pickc1550 pursuit1563 prosecute1588 exagitate1602 dragoon1689 harass1788 martyr1851 dragonnade1881 witch-hunt1919 vamp1970 1689 in Coll. Scarce & Valuable Tracts (1795) II. 351 The Art of Dragooning Men into Religion..the Contrivance of Lewis XIV. 1692 Pretences Fr. Invas. 12 To Dragoon all Men into the Kings Religion. 1738 D. Neal Hist. Puritans IV. 566 His brother of France..was dragooning his Protestant subjects out of his kingdom. 1881 Pall Mall Gaz. 3 Dec. 1/1 The necessity for dragooning the Irish or for abolishing trial by jury. 2. To force (into a course, etc.) by rigorous and harassing measures. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > to or into an action or state needeOE driveOE strainc1374 halec1400 plunge?c1400 thrust14.. pulla1425 put1425 compel1541 violent?1551 forcec1592 necessitate1629 oblige1632 dragoon1689 press1733 coercea1853 thirl1871 steamroller1959 arm-twist1964 1689 M. Prior Epist. to F. Shephard 136 Deny to have your free~born Toe Dragoon'd into a Wooden Shoe. 1794 W. Godwin Caleb Williams II. i. 18 He dragooned men into wisdom. 1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. xvi. 304 He wasn't to be dragooned into doing or not doing anything. 3. To exact free quarters from. ΚΠ 1753 Edwards in Mrs. Barbauld Richardson's Corr. (1804) III. 52 Nor ought I..to be..a vagrant without any fixed habitation or to dragoon my friends throughout the year. Derivatives draˈgooned adj. ΚΠ 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 426 That inextinguishable hatred which glowed in the bosom of the persecuted, dragooned, expatriated Calvinist of Languedoc. draˈgooning n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > persecution cravinga1300 warrayinga1300 persecutionc1350 persecutionc1384 pursuita1387 persecuting1543 dragooning1691 prosecution1702 dragonnadesa1715 hounding1887 dragoonage1894 witch-hunting1918 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [adjective] > persecuting persecuting1573 persecutory1654 witch-hunting1657 persecutive1659 dragooning1691 1691 D. Defoe New Discov. Old Intreague iii. 10 Domestick Heroes, whose Dragooning Hands Seek out no Forreign Wars, while they can plunder Friends. 1691 D. Defoe New Discov. Old Intreague vii. 14 Dragooning's ceas'd. 1717 D. Defoe Mem. Church of Scotl. iii. 217 All the French Dragooning, the Popish Burnings, the Heathen Torturings that we read of. 1892 Athenæum 24 Dec. 883/3 Isaac Minet was..a witness of the ‘dragooning’ persecution. draˈgoonable adj. capable of being dragooned. ΚΠ a1745 J. Swift Wks. (1841) II. 67 The next evil to that of being dragooned is that of living dragoonable. draˈgoonage n. the action of dragooning. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > persecution cravinga1300 warrayinga1300 persecutionc1350 persecutionc1384 pursuita1387 persecuting1543 dragooning1691 prosecution1702 dragonnadesa1715 hounding1887 dragoonage1894 witch-hunting1918 1894 Speaker 26 May 584/1 Ecclesiastic and squirearchic almsgiving and dragoonage. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2019). < n.1622v.1689 |
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