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单词 dragoon
释义

dragoonn.

Brit. /drəˈɡuːn/, U.S. /drəˈɡun/, /dræˈɡun/
Etymology: < modern French dragon dragon, also in sense 2.
1.
a. A kind of carbine or musket. So called from its ‘breathing fire’ like the fabulous dragon. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > carbine
petronela1577
craboun1602
carbine1605
dragoon1622
poitrinal1824
dragon1834
1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre iv. v. 138 A lieutenant of the late invented Dragoones (being not aboue sixteene inch Barrell, and full Musquet bore).
1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre v. ii. 167 If the Regiment be but Dragoones, then a Spanish Morian, and no other Armor, a light Guelding, a good sword, and a faire Dragoone.
1637 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 142 To my Lord Strange one case of pistolls and a dragoone.
1680 J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Second Pt. II. App. 137 The arms of a harquebusier, or dragoon..are a good harquebuss or dragoon, fitted with an iron work, to be carried in a belt [etc.].
b. See quot. 1626, and cf. firedrake n. 4.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > fire, radiation, or chemical weapons > [noun] > fire as weapon
fire?c1225
Greek fire?c1225
Greekish fire?c1225
wildfire1297
firework1528
liquid firea1616
dragoon1626
fire chemise1728
Grecian fire1774
chemise-
1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 32 Pots of wild fire, or dragouns.
2.
a. A species of cavalry soldier. The name was originally applied to mounted infantry armed with the firearm (sense 1). These gradually developed into horse soldiers, and the term is now merely a name for certain regiments of cavalry which historically represent the ancient dragoons, and retain some distinctive features of dress, etc.In France, the edict of Louis XIV, 25 July 1665, ranked dragoons among infantry, and this was their status until 1784. In Montecuculi's time, a1688, they still ordinarily fought on foot, though sometimes firing from horseback; when Simes wrote, 1768, they mostly fought on horseback, though still occasionally on foot. The French règlement of 1 January 1791, confirmed by the décret of 21 February 1793, classed them among horse soldiers, after the cavalry proper. In the British Army, the Cavalry are now (1896) divided into Life Guards, Horse Guards, Dragoon Guards, Dragoons, Hussars, and Lancers. Earlier classifications made the Hussars and Lancers subdivisions of the Dragoons. (See quot. 1836.) In the U.S. army the term is not used.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > mounted soldier > others
jousterc1330
knight1489
rutter1506
reister1521
reiter1556
ruiter1579
hargulater1581
lancer1590
lance1602
rutar1610
dragon1620
dragoon1622
right-hand man1626
dragooner1639
leaguerer1639
deli1667
Light Dragoon1700
uhlan1753
sabre1836
parachutist1837
sabreur1845
yellow leg1857
spahi1863
horse-marine1878
uhlaner1886
1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre iii. i. 83 To these Low Countries haue produced another sort of Horse-men..and they call them Dragoons which I know not whether I may returne them Foot-Horsemen, or Horse-Footmen.
1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 283 The General following with the rest of his Horse and Dragoons.
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1683 (1955) IV. 354 The King had now augmented his guards with a new sort of dragoons, who carried also granados.
a1694 J. Tillotson Serm. (1743) V. 1274 Armed soldiers, called by that name of dragons, or, as we according to the French pronunciation call them, dragoons.
1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 304 They..lost most of their Horses..and..turning Dragoons, they lined the Hedges.
1768 T. Simes Mil. Medley (ed. 2) Dragoon, is a musqueteer, mounted on horseback, sometimes fighting on foot, but mostly on horseback, as occasion requires.
1836 Penny Cycl. VI. 388 In the British Army [Cavalry] consists of the two regiments of Life Guards, the royal regiment of Horse Guards, seven regiments of Dragoon Guards, and seventeen regiments of Light Dragoons, of which the 7th, 8th, 10th, and 15th are Hussars, and the 9th, 12th, 16th, and 17th are called Lancers. [There are now (1896) 3 Regiments called Dragoons, 13 of Hussars, and 5 of Lancers.]
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 294 The dragoon..has since become a mere horse soldier. But in the seventeenth century he was accurately described by Montecuculi as a foot soldier, who used a horse only in order to arrive with more speed at the place where military service was to be performed.
1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. x. 469 Riding to the field, but fighting on foot, they were dragoons in the earlier sense of the word.
b. As the type of a rough and fierce fellow.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > savagery > savage person > [noun]
wolfa900
liona1225
beastc1225
wild manc1290
tiger?a1513
Turk1536
club-fist1575
scourgemutton1581
wolver1593
vulture1605
savage1609
inhuman1653
brutal1655
Tartar1669
hyena1671
dragoon1712
Huna1744
panther1822
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [noun] > person or being
wolfa900
liona1225
wild manc1290
boar1297
fell1340
tiger?a1513
centaur1565
wolver1593
to speak bandog and Bedlam1600
vulture1605
killbuck1612
man-tigera1652
Tartar1669
hyena1671
dragoon1712
vampire1741
Huna1744
panther1868
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 533. ⁋2 What Treatment you would think then due to such Dragoons.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits iv. 66 These founders of the House of Lords were greedy and ferocious dragoons, sons of greedy and ferocious pirates.
c. In the following, taken by Todd, etc., as = dragonnade n.
ΚΠ
1686 Bp. T. Barlow Let. 20 Apr. in Genuine Remains (1693) 265 To bring Men to the Catholick Faith (as they pretend) by Dragoons, and Imprisonments.
3. A variety of pigeon, being a cross between a horseman and a tumbler.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Columbiformes (pigeons, etc.) > domestic pigeon > [noun] > other types
porcelainc1530
turn-pate1611
light horseman1661
runt1661
smiter1668
helmet1676
mammet1678
Cortbeck1688
turbit1688
turner1688
dragoon1725
finicking1725
Leghorn1725
nun1725
owl1725
petit1725
trumpeter1725
horseman1735
Mahomet1735
barbel1736
turn-tail1736
frill-back1765
blue rock1825
beard1826
ice pigeon1829
toy1831
black1839
skinnum1839
splash1851
whole-feather1851
spangle1854
swallow1854
shield1855
stork pigeon1855
Swabian1855
yellow1855
archangel1867
dragon1867
starling1867
magpie1868
smerle1869
bluette1870
cumulet1876
oriental1876
spot fairy1876
turbiteen1876
blondinette1879
hyacinth1879
Modena pigeon1879
silver-dun1879
silverette1879
silver-mealy1879
swift pigeon1879
Victoria1879
visor1879
ice1881
swallow pigeon1881
velvet fairy1881
priesta1889
frill1890
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Pigeons From the Tumbler and the Horseman, Dragoons.
1765 Treat. Domest. Pigeons 60 When the powter has laid her egg, it must be shifted under a dragoon.
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 64/1 His pigeon-cote..is no longer stocked with carriers, dragoons, horsemen, [etc.].

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations.
ΚΠ
1688 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 575 Thro all the french provinces..The Dragoon Missioners, popish Officers & Priests, fall upon them, murder & put to death who ever they could lay hold on.
1688 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) I. 487 The duke of Grafton..was shott at by a dragoon soldier.
1692 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 402 Rigorous proceedings against the dragoon-converts.
1745 Gentleman's Mag. 17 416 A regiment of dragoon guards of 10 companies.
1828 J. M. Spearman Brit. Gunner 257 A Light Dragoon horse, mounted and accoutred complete, carries 2 cwt. 1 qr. 14 lbs.
1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia I. ii. xi. 166 [A] rugged dragoon-major of a woman.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dragoonv.

Etymology: < dragoon n.; or < French dragonner (17th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter).Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: draˈgoon.
1. transitive. To set dragoons upon, to force or drive by the agency of dragoons; to persecute or oppress, as in the dragonnades (see dragonnade n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > persecute
seekc825
baitc1175
war?c1225
pursuec1300
chase1340
course1466
persecutea1475
suea1500
pickc1550
pursuit1563
prosecute1588
exagitate1602
dragoon1689
harass1788
martyr1851
dragonnade1881
witch-hunt1919
vamp1970
1689 in Coll. Scarce & Valuable Tracts (1795) II. 351 The Art of Dragooning Men into Religion..the Contrivance of Lewis XIV.
1692 Pretences Fr. Invas. 12 To Dragoon all Men into the Kings Religion.
1738 D. Neal Hist. Puritans IV. 566 His brother of France..was dragooning his Protestant subjects out of his kingdom.
1881 Pall Mall Gaz. 3 Dec. 1/1 The necessity for dragooning the Irish or for abolishing trial by jury.
2. To force (into a course, etc.) by rigorous and harassing measures.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > to or into an action or state
needeOE
driveOE
strainc1374
halec1400
plunge?c1400
thrust14..
pulla1425
put1425
compel1541
violent?1551
forcec1592
necessitate1629
oblige1632
dragoon1689
press1733
coercea1853
thirl1871
steamroller1959
arm-twist1964
1689 M. Prior Epist. to F. Shephard 136 Deny to have your free~born Toe Dragoon'd into a Wooden Shoe.
1794 W. Godwin Caleb Williams II. i. 18 He dragooned men into wisdom.
1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. xvi. 304 He wasn't to be dragooned into doing or not doing anything.
3. To exact free quarters from.
ΚΠ
1753 Edwards in Mrs. Barbauld Richardson's Corr. (1804) III. 52 Nor ought I..to be..a vagrant without any fixed habitation or to dragoon my friends throughout the year.

Derivatives

draˈgooned adj.
ΚΠ
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 426 That inextinguishable hatred which glowed in the bosom of the persecuted, dragooned, expatriated Calvinist of Languedoc.
draˈgooning n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > persecution
cravinga1300
warrayinga1300
persecutionc1350
persecutionc1384
pursuita1387
persecuting1543
dragooning1691
prosecution1702
dragonnadesa1715
hounding1887
dragoonage1894
witch-hunting1918
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [adjective] > persecuting
persecuting1573
persecutory1654
witch-hunting1657
persecutive1659
dragooning1691
1691 D. Defoe New Discov. Old Intreague iii. 10 Domestick Heroes, whose Dragooning Hands Seek out no Forreign Wars, while they can plunder Friends.
1691 D. Defoe New Discov. Old Intreague vii. 14 Dragooning's ceas'd.
1717 D. Defoe Mem. Church of Scotl. iii. 217 All the French Dragooning, the Popish Burnings, the Heathen Torturings that we read of.
1892 Athenæum 24 Dec. 883/3 Isaac Minet was..a witness of the ‘dragooning’ persecution.
draˈgoonable adj. capable of being dragooned.
ΚΠ
a1745 J. Swift Wks. (1841) II. 67 The next evil to that of being dragooned is that of living dragoonable.
draˈgoonage n. the action of dragooning.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > persecution
cravinga1300
warrayinga1300
persecutionc1350
persecutionc1384
pursuita1387
persecuting1543
dragooning1691
prosecution1702
dragonnadesa1715
hounding1887
dragoonage1894
witch-hunting1918
1894 Speaker 26 May 584/1 Ecclesiastic and squirearchic almsgiving and dragoonage.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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