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单词 douceur
释义

douceurn.

Brit. /duːˈsəː/, U.S. /duˈsər/
Forms: Middle English douceoure, Middle English dousour, 1600s doulcure, 1600s– douceur, 1700s doucœur.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French douceur.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman douceour, duceour, douçour, douszour, Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French douceur gentleness, kindness (early 12th cent. in Old French as dulçur ), pleasurable experience (late 12th cent. as dolçor ; frequently in plural), (plural) agreeable or pleasant words, complimentary phrases (1656 or earlier), gift given as an inducement, gratuity, or bribe (beginning of the 18th cent. or earlier) < classical Latin dulcor sweetness (see dulcour n.), with remodelling after Old French, Middle French douce , feminine of doux sweet (see douce adj.).Compare Old Occitan dolzor , Spanish dulzor (13th cent.; c1200 as dulçor ), Portuguese dulçor (14th cent.), Italian dolcore (end of the 13th cent. as dolcor ; also †dulcore (14th cent.)). Specific forms. The form doulcure shows suffix substitution (see -ure suffix1). With this form, compare also French forms with graphic medial -l-, e.g. Middle French doulceur, which show remodelling after the ulterior Latin etymon.
1. Sweetness and pleasantness of manner; amiability, gentleness.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > [noun] > source of pleasure
honeycombOE
sweetness?c1225
dainty1340
sweet1377
delicec1390
lust1390
pleasancec1390
pleasingc1390
well-queema1400
well-queemnessa1400
douceurc1400
delectation?a1425
pleasure1443
pleaserc1447
delectabilitiesa1500
deliciositiesa1500
honeydew1559
delicacy1586
fancy1590
sugar candy1591
regalo1622
happiness1637
deliciousness1651
complacence1667
regalea1677
sweetener1741
bon-bon1856
Bones1869
jam1871
true love1893
nuts1910
barrel of fun (laughs, etc.)1915
G-spot1983
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > [noun] > agreeable behaviour
pleasancec1350
agreeability?c1400
douceurc1400
plausibility1596
amenity1612
agreeablenessa1631
geniality1652
complacence1767
sweetness and light1867
genialness1888
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 429 For synglerty o hyr dousour, We calle hyr Fenyx of Arraby.
a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 189 To Souerayns reuerence and honoure..to fellowis company and douceoure.
1620 Sir R. Naunton in S. R. Gardiner Fortescue Papers (1871) 126 Your Majesties douceur and facilitie.
1657 T. Tanner Entrance of Mazzarini 7 The douceur and gentlenesse of his proceeding..made the King desire his imployment.
1768 H. Walpole Let. 9 Aug. in Corr. (1837) II. 413 If his graces do not captivate them, he will enrage them to fury; for I take all his douceur to be enamelled on iron.
1793 Mrs. Phillips Let. 14 May in F. Burney Diary & Lett. (1842) V. 412 He..answered, with all his accustomed douceur and politeness.
1814 A. M. Grant Eighteen Hundred & Thirteen 135 To seem all politesse and soft douceur, To be all hollow, glistering, and impure.
1847 S. C. Reid Scouting Exped. McCulloch's Texas Rangers 167 There was a douceur of manner about her that gained the esteem of all the Texans.
1929 Sewanee Rev. 37 190 Many a robust Westerner will sneer at a Puritan's descendant whose soul has acquired the sweet reasonableness of the English, or the douceur of the French.
1958 I. Murdoch Bell xxvi. 305 A curious relationship grew up between Michael and Dora, something undefined and wistful which had for Michael a certain ease and douceur.
2011 Arts & Bks. Rev. (Nexis) 29 Apr. 30 There is a sweetness, a touching, alluring douceur in that look of his.
2. In plural. Agreeable or pleasant words; complimentary phrases. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > compliment > [noun]
complement1578
complemento1582
compliment1655
douceurs1665
bouquet1955
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > [noun] > remark
douceurs1665
pleasantry1932
1665 R. Flecknoe Ænigmatical Characters (new ed.) 15 He utters such Douceurs and delicate Conceits, as 'tis a very Banquet for Ladies ears.
1673 J. Dryden Marriage a-la-Mode v. i. 72 Truce with your douceurs, good servant.
1726 N. Amhurst Terræ-filius (ed. 2) xliv. 232 Those printed douceurs that pass between authors and their betters, vulgarly call'd dedications.
1776 T. Hunter Refl. Lett. Earl of Chesterfield ii. 64 View then, Lord Chesterfield..—singularly eminent for..the douceurs,..the softnesses,..natural to..a court.
1807 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 190 Such elaborate douceurs as occur in the following letter..look too much like adulation.
3. In plural. Pleasurable experiences; sources of enjoyment, comfort, or delight.
ΚΠ
1700 W. Congreve Way of World iv. i. 57 My morning thoughts, agreeable wakings, indolent slumbers, all ye douceurs, ye Someils du Matin adieu.
1758 J. Ralph Case of Authors 5 All the Douceurs of Life arising from Observance and Respect will be wanting.
1813 J. Austen Let. 7 Nov. (1995) 251 I find many Douceurs in being a sort of Chaperon for I am put on the Sofa near the Fire & can drink as much wine as I like.
1884 D. A. Bingham tr. Napoleon I Sel. Lett. & Despatches 223 These thirty years are those during which the douceurs of marriage are most necessary.
1912 Eng. Rev. Dec. 120 All the douceurs of the engagement and the honeymoon last for ever.
1971 E. Mavor Ladies of Llangollen (1973) i. 19 They..had a longing for the simple life, for the douceurs of retirement.
1996 J. Seabrook in Granta Winter 176 We were shown an appealing version of aristocratic distinction and we could not wait to sample its douceurs.
4.
a. A benefit, gift, or sum of money given as a gratuity, compensation, inducement, or bribe. Cf. sweetener n. 2c.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [noun] > bribe
gift1382
handy-dandyc1390
pricec1400
bud1436
bribe?a1439
golden (also silver) keyc1450
fee1549
golden shower1589
oil of angels1592
sugar-plum1608
bribera1616
palm oil1625
greasinga1661
sop1665
sweetbreada1670
vail1687
douceur1739
sweetener1741
bonus1759
buckshee1773
smear-gelt1785
grease1823
boodle?1856
soap1860
ice1887
palm-grease1897
poultice1902
fix1929
dropsy1930
pay-off1930
drop1931
oil1935
squeeze-pidgin1946
sling1948
bung1958
back-hander1960
1739 Country Jrnl. 3 Mar. These Things..may be obtain'd at last, for the Benefit of the Nation.., and not be only a Douceur thrown out to cajole the Merchants.
1769 E. Harris Let. 10 Mar. in Private Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 174 Thirty guineas being publicly given to this last soldier, as a sort of douceur for what he had suffered.
1779 F. Burney Let. Nov. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1994) III. 429 [After] one remarkable speech in the House of Commons..& receiving some douceur to be silent ever after.
1818 R. Peters in J. Jay Corr. & Public Papers (1893) IV. 424 Money..devoted to secret service and douceurs to French agents.
1880 J. T. Wheeler Short Hist. India iii. iv. 354 The commander-in-chief of the Bengal army..reckoned on receiving a handsome douceur.
1922 Classical Rev. 36 31/2 The Emperor..adds that a douceur will be necessary in order to get him to consent to the loan.
1965 N. Gulbenkian Pantaraxia xiv. 305 On the few occasions when I have a bet, a winning one, my wife gets a little nonsense and all my servants get a little douceur.
2009 A. S. Byatt Children's Bk. (2010) v. 57 He also said in public that the financial press took underhand douceurs to promote or condemn prospectuses.
b. spec. A United Kingdom tax benefit given as an inducement to a person to sell something of historical value (esp. a work of art) by private treaty to a public collection in the United Kingdom, rather than on the open market.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > [noun] > tax allowances and deductions > types of
depletion allowance1932
write-off1940
douceur1979
MIRAS1983
1979 National Heritage Fund 4 in Parl. Papers 1978–9 (Cmnd. 7428) VII. 1073 The acceptance in lieu procedure incorporates tax benefits for owners and a ‘douceur’ arrangement to encourage them to dispose of their property to public institutions. However, identical tax and douceur arrangements apply in the case of private treaty sales.
1983 Listener 6 Jan. 9/3 The value of the tax ‘douceur’, or sweetener, can easily be outweighed by a higher price from an American institution.
2013 Times (Nexis) 4 Dec. It is also possible to sell works of art to the nation in lieu of inheritance tax... Under acceptance-in lieu, 25 per cent of the tax demand is returned as what the Revenue calls a ‘douceur’.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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