amercementn.

Brit.

/əˈməːsm(ə)nt/, U.S.

/əˈmərsm(ə)nt/

Forms: Middle English amertiemens (plural, transmission error), Middle English–1500s amercyment, Middle English 1600s amerciement, Middle English–1600s amersement, Middle English– amercement, Middle English– amerciment (now rare), 1500s amearciment; also Scottish pre-1700 amerchement, pre-1700 amercyment, pre-1700 amerssiment, pre-1700 1900s– amerciment (now rare).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French amercement, amerchiement.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman amercement, amerciment, amercyment, amerciement (also admerciement ) and Middle French (Normandy) amerchiement (1215 in Anglo-Norman) < amercier amerce v. + -ment -ment suffix. Compare mercement n., amerciament n.

Now chiefly historical.

1. A discretionary penalty or fine; (originally) spec. one imposed on an offender at the discretion of the court of his or her lord, as opposed to a statutory fine. Formerly also: †the income from such penalties or fines (obsolete). Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > fine > [noun] > arbitrary fine or amercement

foot-geld1227

amercementa1325

mercyc1325

mercementa1387

amerciament1388

merciamentc1455

society > authority > punishment > fine > [noun] > infliction of > arbitrary fine

amercementa1325

mercementa1387

amerciament1397

merciamentc1455

amercinga1475

mulctation1483

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xii. 65 Þat te schirreueue..ben icharged..of hoere foreine issues, ant of þe amerciemens.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §752 Eek they taken of hire bonde men Amercimentz [v.r. amercymentz, -cementis, -cementz, -sementes, -cymentes, -ciament] whic[h]e myghten moore resonably ben cleped extorcions than Amercimentz [mercymentz, -mentes].

1414 in J. Raine Corr., Inventories, Acct. Rolls, & Law Proc. Priory of Coldingham (1841) 86 (MED) Fermes to rayse, courtys till hald, amercymentz to rayse, trespasours to punyse.

1432 Rolls of Parl. (2005) IV. 403/1 As is conteyned in þe statut of the grete chartre..þat non amercementes be sett ne put apoun no person, but by the othes of worthy and lawefull persones.

a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 59 (MED) Þere is no mercy..with the riche, for thei takith amercymentz and pleyntz wrongfully vpon her nieghbours.

1528 R. Weston in H. A. Lee-Dillon Calais & Pale (1892) 92 Fynes and amercements presentable every yere at the Court of Frankverytie..Every household ought to pay to the King for the Frankverytie vj^d.

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 62/1 Amercementes turned into fines, fines into raunsomes.

1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) 163 What amercement or penaltie canne they assigne mee, or wherein can they say I haue offended, that should alienate anye man from former liking?

1588 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (rev. ed.) iv. xvi. 578 By the Great Charter..that Amercement and summe of mony, which he is to pay..ought to be asseassed and affeered by the good and lawfull men of the neighbourhood.

1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 20 Amercement, most properly is a penalty assessed, by the Peeres or equals of the party amerced, for an offence done.

1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. x. 436 The defaulters being many, and the amercements by the Officers perhaps not sometimes over reasonable.

1701 W. Pudsey Constit. & Laws Eng. Consider'd 115 Two shillings out of the fines and amerciments.

a1797 E. Burke Ess. Abridgm. Eng. Hist. (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1812) V. 607 The fines and amercements were another branch [of the king's revenue].

1848 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 208 Earth Was its amercement made, its prison flesh.

1855 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Aeneid ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. I. 284 Nor is't alone the Teucrians that pay Amercements with their blood.

1892 P. G. Vinogradoff Villainage in Eng. i. iii. 92 Tenants..are not assessed with the rest for danegeld or common amercements or the murder fine.

1933 Ada (Okla.) Evening News 26 Feb. 5/6 The court held..that the sheriff could be punished by amercement or fine only for wilful or unlawful refusal to execute a process of court.

1993 A. A. M. Duncan in A. Grant & K. J. Stringer Medieval Scotl. xii. 255 The standard amercement before the justiciar in northern sherrifdoms was 40s. for non-compearance of a suitor or an indicted person.

2. Originally Scottish. The imposition of a such a penalty or fine; an instance of this. In early use frequently in in amercement: in the condition of being liable or subject to such an imposition; under penalty.

ΚΠ

c1430 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 70/2 The disseysour sal be in the kingis amercyment.

1456 Extracts Rec. in W. Chambers Charters Burgh Peebles (1872) 111 The suttis callit, the curt effirmyt, ilk absent in amerssiment.

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 101 (MED) Yf the men..trespassed..so that they fille into amersyng or a-mercement, the same Aleyne..shold have a resonable amercement after the maner of the trepasse.

1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 48 [The church] wanting the beggarly help of halings and amercements in the use of her powerful Keies.

1714 Assize of Bread sig. F^v Nor utter and sell any measled pork, upon pain of amercement.

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. xx. 295 Formerly they [sc. common pledges] were of use to answer to the king for the amercement of the plaintiff, in case he were nonsuited.

1817 W. Pitt Topogr. Hist. Staffs. I. 93 All persons owing suit and service to their court..are required to appear, under pain of fine and amercement.

1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece V. ii. xliii. 299 The defeat, the humiliation, and the amercement of the Carthaginians.

1892 B. Harte Col. Starbottle's Client 13 A kind of expiation or amercement by fine, known to the Mosaic, Roman, and old English law.

1921 Yale Law Jrnl. 30 802 This principle [sc. that barons should be amerced by their peers only] was interpreted to exclude the itinerant justice court from the right of amercement.

1996 R. Evans in Z. Ravi & R. M. Smith Medieval Society & Manor Court vii. 249 Despite the amercement of five tenants on 4 November 1316 for not performing this service, it was duly enshrined in the rental of 1333.

†3. Penal deprivation of anything. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > [noun] > penalty > penal deprivation of something

amercement1659

1659 J. Milton Civil Power in Wks. (1851) 316 The amercement of their whole virilitie.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	amercement
释义	amercementn. Brit. /əˈməːsm(ə)nt/, U.S. /əˈmərsm(ə)nt/ Forms: Middle English amertiemens (plural, transmission error), Middle English–1500s amercyment, Middle English 1600s amerciement, Middle English–1600s amersement, Middle English– amercement, Middle English– amerciment (now rare), 1500s amearciment; also Scottish pre-1700 amerchement, pre-1700 amercyment, pre-1700 amerssiment, pre-1700 1900s– amerciment (now rare). Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French amercement, amerchiement. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman amercement, amerciment, amercyment, amerciement (also admerciement ) and Middle French (Normandy) amerchiement (1215 in Anglo-Norman) < amercier amerce v. + -ment -ment suffix. Compare mercement n., amerciament n. Now chiefly historical. 1. A discretionary penalty or fine; (originally) spec. one imposed on an offender at the discretion of the court of his or her lord, as opposed to a statutory fine. Formerly also: †the income from such penalties or fines (obsolete). Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > fine > [noun] > arbitrary fine or amercement foot-geld1227 amercementa1325 mercyc1325 mercementa1387 amerciament1388 merciamentc1455 society > authority > punishment > fine > [noun] > infliction of > arbitrary fine amercementa1325 mercementa1387 amerciament1397 merciamentc1455 amercinga1475 mulctation1483 a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xii. 65 Þat te schirreueue..ben icharged..of hoere foreine issues, ant of þe amerciemens. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §752 Eek they taken of hire bonde men Amercimentz [v.r. amercymentz, -cementis, -cementz, -sementes, -cymentes, -ciament] whic[h]e myghten moore resonably ben cleped extorcions than Amercimentz [mercymentz, -mentes]. 1414 in J. Raine Corr., Inventories, Acct. Rolls, & Law Proc. Priory of Coldingham (1841) 86 (MED) Fermes to rayse, courtys till hald, amercymentz to rayse, trespasours to punyse. 1432 Rolls of Parl. (2005) IV. 403/1 As is conteyned in þe statut of the grete chartre..þat non amercementes be sett ne put apoun no person, but by the othes of worthy and lawefull persones. a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 59 (MED) Þere is no mercy..with the riche, for thei takith amercymentz and pleyntz wrongfully vpon her nieghbours. 1528 R. Weston in H. A. Lee-Dillon Calais & Pale (1892) 92 Fynes and amercements presentable every yere at the Court of Frankverytie..Every household ought to pay to the King for the Frankverytie vj^d. a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 62/1 Amercementes turned into fines, fines into raunsomes. 1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) 163 What amercement or penaltie canne they assigne mee, or wherein can they say I haue offended, that should alienate anye man from former liking? 1588 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (rev. ed.) iv. xvi. 578 By the Great Charter..that Amercement and summe of mony, which he is to pay..ought to be asseassed and affeered by the good and lawfull men of the neighbourhood. 1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 20 Amercement, most properly is a penalty assessed, by the Peeres or equals of the party amerced, for an offence done. 1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. x. 436 The defaulters being many, and the amercements by the Officers perhaps not sometimes over reasonable. 1701 W. Pudsey Constit. & Laws Eng. Consider'd 115 Two shillings out of the fines and amerciments. a1797 E. Burke Ess. Abridgm. Eng. Hist. (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1812) V. 607 The fines and amercements were another branch [of the king's revenue]. 1848 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 208 Earth Was its amercement made, its prison flesh. 1855 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Aeneid ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. I. 284 Nor is't alone the Teucrians that pay Amercements with their blood. 1892 P. G. Vinogradoff Villainage in Eng. i. iii. 92 Tenants..are not assessed with the rest for danegeld or common amercements or the murder fine. 1933 Ada (Okla.) Evening News 26 Feb. 5/6 The court held..that the sheriff could be punished by amercement or fine only for wilful or unlawful refusal to execute a process of court. 1993 A. A. M. Duncan in A. Grant & K. J. Stringer Medieval Scotl. xii. 255 The standard amercement before the justiciar in northern sherrifdoms was 40s. for non-compearance of a suitor or an indicted person. 2. Originally Scottish. The imposition of a such a penalty or fine; an instance of this. In early use frequently in in amercement: in the condition of being liable or subject to such an imposition; under penalty. ΚΠ c1430 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 70/2 The disseysour sal be in the kingis amercyment. 1456 Extracts Rec. in W. Chambers Charters Burgh Peebles (1872) 111 The suttis callit, the curt effirmyt, ilk absent in amerssiment. a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 101 (MED) Yf the men..trespassed..so that they fille into amersyng or a-mercement, the same Aleyne..shold have a resonable amercement after the maner of the trepasse. 1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 48 [The church] wanting the beggarly help of halings and amercements in the use of her powerful Keies. 1714 Assize of Bread sig. F^v Nor utter and sell any measled pork, upon pain of amercement. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. xx. 295 Formerly they [sc. common pledges] were of use to answer to the king for the amercement of the plaintiff, in case he were nonsuited. 1817 W. Pitt Topogr. Hist. Staffs. I. 93 All persons owing suit and service to their court..are required to appear, under pain of fine and amercement. 1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece V. ii. xliii. 299 The defeat, the humiliation, and the amercement of the Carthaginians. 1892 B. Harte Col. Starbottle's Client 13 A kind of expiation or amercement by fine, known to the Mosaic, Roman, and old English law. 1921 Yale Law Jrnl. 30 802 This principle [sc. that barons should be amerced by their peers only] was interpreted to exclude the itinerant justice court from the right of amercement. 1996 R. Evans in Z. Ravi & R. M. Smith Medieval Society & Manor Court vii. 249 Despite the amercement of five tenants on 4 November 1316 for not performing this service, it was duly enshrined in the rental of 1333. †3. Penal deprivation of anything. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > [noun] > penalty > penal deprivation of something amercement1659 1659 J. Milton Civil Power in Wks. (1851) 316 The amercement of their whole virilitie. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1325
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