| 释义 |
dulcimern. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French doulce mer. Etymology: < Middle French doulce mer (1464), doulcemelle (15th cent.), doulz de mer (1449) kind of clavichord < post-classical Latin dulce melos square keyboard instrument, literally ‘sweet song, tune, or air’ ( < classical Latin dulce , neuter of dulcis sweet (see dulce adj.) + post-classical Latin melos melos n.), used of instruments resembling the dulcimer (a1446 in a Burgundian source), and of heavenly music (with which the dulcimer was sometimes associated in graphic art) (a1400). In sense 2 after either Middle French doulcine (see douçaine n., and compare the passage translated in quot. 1512) or perhaps doucet n.Historical development. Iconographic and lexical evidence alike suggest that the dulcimer developed in French-speaking and German-speaking west central Europe (in the latter, it was called Hackbrett : see hackbrett n.), diffusing thence to the British Isles, Spain, and Italy: compare Welsh dwsmel (15th cent.; apparently < English, and if so, evidence for earlier existence of β. forms in 15th-cent. English), Spanish †dulcemele (a1496), and Italian dolce melo (1523, perhaps < Latin), and see P. M. Gifford Hammered Dulcimer (2001) 25-44. Biblical use. In biblical use in sense 2 rendering biblical Aramaic sūmpōnĕyāh (Daniel 3:5, 3:10), denoting a musical instrument which has not been identified (formerly often taken to denote a kind of bagpipe) < ancient Greek συμϕωνία ; see symphony n. 1. society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > dulcimer > [noun] 1509 S. Hawes (de Worde) xvi. sig. E.vii Cymphans, doussemers, wt clarycymbales gloryous. a1525 (?1474) (1908) II. 392 (MED) With mynstralcy of harpe and dowsemeris. ?c1525 (a1503) (Coll. Arms M.13) (1990) iv. 67 All they fresshe appareld ladies and women of honour havyng like instrumentes of musike, as clavycordes, dusymers, clavysymballes, and such othir. 1538 T. Elyot Plectrum, an instrument, wherwith menne played on the harpe or doulcymers, for hurtynge of their fyngers. 1662 S. Pepys 23 May (1970) III. 90 Here among the Fidlers I first saw a Dulcimore played on, with sticks knocking of the strings, and is very pretty. 1738 T. Shaw iii. iii. 271 In the Fashion of our Dulcimer, with Brass strings. 1753 J. Poulter Discoveries 42 in J. Coleman (2004) I. 172 I strum and patter; I play on the Dulsimore and sing. 1816 S. T. Coleridge Kubla Khan in 57 It was an Abyssinian maid And on her dulcimer she play'd, Singing of Mount Abora. 1872 F. E. Bunnett tr. A. Woltmann 277 As a friendly companion he [sc. Death] leads the poor old man to his grave strumming a tune to him on the dulcimer. 1879 J. Stainer 45 The dulcimer became a genuine string-instrument constructed without a neck. 1916 B. Labord in D. G. Mason VIII. ii. 59 The psaltery..has been described as a dulcimer played with the fingers or a plectrum instead of by hammers. 1922 Oct. 172/1 A man is not wise because he can hammer a dulcimer or whistle a tune. 1979 W. F. Roush et al. IV. viii. 394 He is a ‘fiddle’ player, playing the old traditional tunes the old time fiddlers played. He also plays the hammered dulcimer. 2010 (Nexis) 7 Jan. a4 Gillian Alcock has been commissioned to build a hammered dulcimer for permanent exhibition at the new Musical Instrument Museum in the United States. society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > [noun] 1890 1 May 327/2 Draw the wires until you spring the end-bars a little: and if you know how to play on a three-string dulcimer, it is in tune. 1917 W. A. Bradley Pref. p. xi ‘David’ was—still is, no doubt—the champion player of the mountain dulcimer, or ‘dulcimore’. 1958 71 40 The Appalachian dulcimer..is known to folklorists as an instrument in fairly general use since 1900..by musically nonliterate rural and small-townspeople in the mountains and foothills of southeastern United States. 1983 D. E. Whisnant (1985) i. 97 The..promotion of the three-stringed dulcimer as the ‘real’ or official mountain musical instrument. 2015 (Nexis) 3 June (Final ed.) a19 Hers was not a trained voice, but it was a splendidly traditional one.., accompanied by the Appalachian fretted dulcimer she had learned to play as a girl. 1512 R. Copland tr. iii. sig. A.v Pypes, taboryns, doucymers [Fr. doulcine], fydles, organs, psaltryes, clauycordes, & many other instrumentes there was in grete nombre sounynge all songes of armony. 1560 Dan. iii. 5 The cornet, trumpet, harpe, sackebut, psalteries, dulcimer, and all instruments of musicke. 1567 J. Maplet f. 42 The Elder..Hereof are made..a kind of Symphonie whiche the common sort call a Pipe: the learned and more civil kinde of men name it a Dulcimer. 1611 Dan. iii. 10 The sound of the cornet, flute, harpe, sackbut, psalterie, and dulcimer [Coverdale Symphonies, R.V. marg. or bagpipe] . View more context for this quotation 1841 T. H. Horne (new ed.) II. iv. vii. 184/1 The..Dulcimer..was a wind instrument made of reeds; by the Syrians called Sambonjah. 1911 10 Feb. 55/1 Few of those, for instance, who look up ‘Bagpipe’ will know beforehand..that it is our old friend the dulcimer of the Book of Daniel. 1963 Nov. 15/2 The old Hebrew dulcimer, mentioned in the Book of Daniel, was a sort of bagpipe, while the psalter bears a faint likeness to the dulcimer of the Southern Highlands. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > woman's bonnet > types of > other ?1767 T. Warton (single sheet) With Bonnet trimm'd and flounc'd and all, Which they a Dulcimer do call. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1509 |
