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单词 dust
释义

dustn.1

Brit. /dʌst/, U.S. /dəst/
Forms: Old English– dust: also Middle English ( Orm.) dusst, Middle English doust(e, Middle English dost, Middle English–1500s duste.
Etymology: Old English dúst (later probably dust) = Old Frisian and East Frisian dûst, Old Low German, Middle Low German, Low German dust, Middle Dutch donst, dunst, dûst fine flour, Kilian duyst, donst, dûst, modern Dutch duist meal-dust, bran, Old Norse dust dust, Danish dyst mill-dust. All these go back to an earlier dunst, whence also German dunst vapour; the primary notion being apparently that which rises or is blown in a cloud, like vapour, smoke, or dust. See Kluge, and Franck.
1.
a. Earth or other solid matter in a minute and fine state of subdivision, so that the particles are small and light enough to be easily raised and carried in a cloud by the wind; any substance comminuted or pulverized; powder. (Rarely in plural)Often extended to include ashes and other refuse from a house: cf. dustbin n., etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > [noun] > dust or fluff
dustc825
mow?a1500
pelf1584
slut's wool1841
beggar's velvet1847
dowl1879
the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > [noun] > state of being powdery > dust
dustc825
mulla1393
stourc1470
stuff1481
mouldera1552
stive1793
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > kind of earth or soil > [noun] > dust of the ground
dustc825
ashc950
powderc1300
the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > [noun] > state of being powdery > dust > of the ground
dustc825
c825 Vesp. Psalt. xvii[i]. 43 Swe swe dust biforan onsieme windes.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 290 Gedrigede & to swyðe smælon duste gecnucude.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13799 Þenne he þat dust [c1300 Otho doust] heȝe aȝiueð from þere eorðe.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 108 Of motes and of doust wyþ oute tale.
c1450 Two Cookery-bks. 112 Bray hem al to doust in a morter.
1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) xvii clix. sig. Tviiiv/1 Of the bowes & braunches therof [sc. Byrche] ben besomes made to swepe & to clense howses of duste [a1398 BL Add. poudre].
1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 367 Beate these upper hose that the dust maye come out.
1620 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 367 Presentmentes..for castinge theire dust and ashes into the highe way.
1760 J. Wesley Jrnl. 19 Aug. We had..showers, which..laid the dust.
1886 A. Winchell Walks & Talks in Geol. Field 212 Clouds of cosmic dust intervene between us and the sun.
1894 Daily News 26 June 8/3 Of the whole of the dusts tested, that from the Albion Colliery..excelled all others in violence and sensitiveness to explosion.
b. The fine or small particles separated in any process: cf. sawdust n.; spec. (see quot. 1828).
ΚΠ
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Duste of corne, mettall, or anye other thinge that commeth of wyth fylynge and clensing.
1598 Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1814) 179 (Jam.) Paying alss deir for dust and seidis as gif the samyn wes guid meill.
1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. iii. 17 It will..swimme vpon the water like dust of wood.
1811 T. Davis Gen. View Agric. Wilts. (new ed.) 266 Cave, or dust, the chaff of the wheat and oats which is generally given to the horse.
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Dust, the small particles separated from the oats in the act of shelling.
c. Applied to the pollen of flowers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > stamen or pistil > pollen and related parts
sandarac1623
globulet1671
powder1672
bread1682
farina1721
pollen1723
father-dust1728
rough wax1744
yellow rain1755
dust1776
fovilla1793
anther dust1797
pollen mass1828
pollen tube1830
intextine1835
pollen grain1835
pollen granule1835
exine1839
exintine1839
intine1839
pollinium1849
sulphur shower1854
pollinic mass1857
pollen chamber1863
smoke1868
pollen sac1872
pollinarium1881
sulphur rain1882
pollinic chamber1885
perine1895
pollen content1926
sculpturing1943
monad1947
nexine1948
sexine1948
1776 W. Withering Brit. Plants i. xxii The fine dust or meal that is contained in the Tips, is thrown upon the Summit of the Pointal.
1807 J. E. Smith Introd. Physiol. & Systematical Bot. 272 The Pollen, or Dust, is contained in the Anther.
1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 301 The butterfly and the bee..carry the fertilizing dust to the waiting stigma.
2. With a and plural.
a. A grain of dust, a minute particle of dry matter.
b. in Cookery, etc., a small ‘pinch’ of something in the form of powder.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a piece or bit > a particle
grotc888
crumba1387
motec1390
particlea1398
pointa1400
specka1400
atomy1584
moment1594
dust1597
pickle1604
mite1605
atom1626
iota1636
ramentum1658
bodikin1668
part1669
dustling1674
scintilla1674
minim1686
fleck1753
molecule1799
heartbeat1855
particule1889
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. iii. 90 Why haue those banisht..legs, Dard once to touch a dust of Englands ground. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. i. 92 A graine, a dust, a gnat, a wandering haire. View more context for this quotation
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 105 'Tis impossible to put so much as one jot or dust unto bulk, beyond a set or bounded number.
1701 I. Watts True Monarchy in Horæ Lyricæ 52 Wealth and fame A bubble or a dust.
1795 M. Underwood Treat. Dis. Children (ed. 3) I. 62 With, or without a dust of grated nutmeg.
a1854 C. A. Southey Poet. Wks. (1867) 50 If a mote, a hair, a dust prepond On Inclination's side, down drops the scale.
c. (With a) A cloud of dust floating in the air, such as is raised by a vehicle driven or a crowd walking over dusty ground, or by sweeping, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > [noun] > state of being powdery > dust > cloud of
cloud1382
stew1487
dust1581
pother1627
reek1854
calina1887
1581 [see sense 4].
1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 188 Oh what a dust do I raise.
1806 Oracle in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1807) 10 53 To kick up the d——l of a dust in Rotten-row.
1897 N.E.D. at Dust Mod. What a dust you are making!
3. transferred and figurative (from 1.)
a. That to which anything is reduced by disintegration or decay; spec. the ‘ashes’, or mouldered remains of a dead body. Also in phrases denoting the condition of being dead and buried ( laid in the dust, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > dead body > [noun]
lichc893
dust?a1000
holdc1000
bonesOE
stiff onea1200
bodyc1225
carrion?c1225
licham?c1225
worms' food or ware?c1225
corsec1250
ashc1275
corpsec1315
carcass1340
murraina1382
relicsa1398
ghostc1400
wormes warec1400
corpusc1440
scadc1440
reliefc1449
martc1480
cadaverc1500
mortc1500
tramort?a1513
hearse1530
bulk1575
offal1581
trunk1594
cadaverie1600
relicts1607
remains1610
mummya1616
relic1636
cold meat1788
mortality1827
death bone1834
deader1853
stiff1859
?a1000 Martyrol. (E.E.T.S.) 74 Þæt hi mihton mid heora handum ræcan ond niman þæs halgan dustes.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 4124 Many [a day] hade i be ded and to dust roted.
1388 J. Wyclif Psalms xxi[i]. 16 Thou hast brouȝt forth me in to the dust of deth.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. i. 199 Why may not imagination trace the noble dust of Alexander, till a find it stopping a bunghole? View more context for this quotation
1676 I. Mather Hist. King Philip's War (1862) 38 That Great Author, unto whose dust..I owe a sacred Reverence.
1751 T. Gray Elegy xi. 7 Can Honour's voice provoke the silent dust.
1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 9 263 One, without whose friendly aid the hand which writes this would long since have been in the dust.
1869 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest III. xi. §2. 40 Worthier dust lies east and west of him.
b. Applied to the mortal frame of man (usually in reference to Genesis ii. 7, iii. 19).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > [noun]
lichamc888
bodyeOE
earthOE
lichOE
bone houseOE
dustc1000
fleshOE
utter mana1050
bonesOE
bodiȝlichc1175
bouka1225
bellyc1275
slimec1315
corpsec1325
vesselc1360
tabernaclec1374
carrion1377
corsec1386
personc1390
claya1400
carcass1406
lump of claya1425
sensuality?a1425
corpusc1440
God's imagea1450
bulka1475
natural body1526
outward man1526
quarrons1567
blood bulk1570
skinfula1592
flesh-rind1593
clod1595
anatomy1597
veil1598
microcosm1601
machine1604
outwall1608
lay part1609
machina1612
cabinet1614
automaton1644
case1655
mud wall1662
structure1671
soul case1683
incarnation1745
personality1748
personage1785
man1830
embodiment1850
flesh-stuff1855
corporeity1865
chassis1930
soma1958
c1000 Ælfric Genesis iii. 19 For þan þe þu eart dust, and to dust wyrst.
c1000 Ælfric Genesis xviii. 27 Nu ic æne begann to sprecanne to minum Drihtene þonne ic eom dust and axe.
a1175 Cott. Hom. 223 Þu æart dust, and þu awenst to duste.
1388 J. Wyclif Psalms cii[i]. 14 He bithouȝte that we ben dust.
c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. ix. 76 Þouȝ I be dust & asshen.
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Buriall f. xxiiii*v Earth to earth, asshes to asshes, dust to dust.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 11 How covetous, how proude is dust and ashes of dust and earth.
1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. ii. 133 The soul, that dwells within your dust.
1833 R. Grant in E. Bickersteth Chritian Psalmody 17 Frail children of dust—and feeble as frail.
c. In phrases denoting a condition of humiliation.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > [noun] > humiliated condition
powderc1300
dusta1340
abjection?a1425
abasement1567
abjectness1574
dejectedness1608
abjectedness1660
crestfallenness1859
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter Cant. 501 Raysand þe nedy out of dust.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxxi[i]. 9 His enemies shal licke the dust.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. iii. 29 Now France, thy glory droopeth to the dust . View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 416 The Power..That rais'd us from the dust and plac't us here. View more context for this quotation
1718 I. Watts Psalms of David li. iii. vi My soul lies humbled in the dust.
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam Prol. p. v Thou wilt not leave us in the dust.
1894 C. N. Robinson Brit. Fleet 186 The Navy that..humbled to the dust the pride of France.
d. As the type of that which is worthless.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > worthless
hawc1000
turdc1275
fille1297
dusta1300
lead1303
skitc1330
naught1340
vanityc1340
wrakea1350
rushc1350
dirt1357
fly's wing1377
goose-wing1377
fartc1390
chaff?a1400
nutshella1400
shalec1400
yardc1400
wrack1472
pelfrya1529
trasha1529
dreg1531
trish-trash1542
alchemy1547
beggary?1548
rubbish1548
pelfa1555
chip1556
stark naught1562
paltry?1566
rubbish1566
riff-raff1570
bran1574
baggage1579
nihil1579
trush-trash1582
stubblea1591
tartar1590
garbage1592
bag of winda1599
a cracked or slit groat1600
kitchen stuff1600
tilta1603
nothing?1608
bauble1609
countera1616
a pair of Yorkshire sleeves in a goldsmith's shop1620
buttermilk1630
dross1632
paltrement1641
cattle1643
bagatelle1647
nothingness1652
brimborion1653
stuff1670
flap-dragon1700
mud1706
caput mortuuma1711
snuff1778
twaddle1786
powder-post1790
traffic1828
junk1836
duffer1852
shice1859
punk1869
hogwash1870
cagmag1875
shit1890
tosh1892
tripe1895
dreck1905
schlock1906
cannon fodder1917
shite1928
skunk1929
crut1937
chickenshit1938
crud1943
Mickey Mouse1958
gick1959
garbo1978
turd1978
pants1994
a1300 Cursor Mundi 23786 For a littel lust, A druri þat es bot a dust.
1576 A. Fleming tr. Hippocrates in Panoplie Epist. 282 Thus whiles they search for gold and silver, they search for dust and sand.
1694 Acct. Several Late Voy. (1711) ii. 168 A Long-boat he [the whale] values no more than Dust.
1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. ix. 296 The rights conferred by charter [were] treated as dust.
e. In other figurative uses.
ΚΠ
1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 382 Besprinkled with the powder, or dust of veniall imperfections.
1682 Earl of Anglesey in B. Whitelocke Memorials Eng. Affairs Publ. to Rdr. sig. B1 The dust of Action [had] never faln on his Gown.
1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 425 The very Dust of His Writings is Gold.
f. dust and ashes (in allusion to the legend of the Dead Sea Fruit): used to indicate severe disappointment or disillusionment.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > disappointment > [noun]
mazec1300
discomfiturea1400
delusiona1513
disappointing1533
disappointment1577
disappoint1642
heart-scald1888
dust and ashes1902
1902 W. James Varieties Relig. Experience vi. 143 Trustful self-abandonment to the joys that freely offer has entirely departed from both Epicurean and Stoic; and what each proposes is a way of rescue from the resultant dust-and-ashes state of mind.
1911 M. Beerbohm Zuleika Dobson xxi. 310 But there was no spark of triumph now in her eyes; only a deep melancholy; and in her mouth a taste as of dust and ashes.
1930 A. Huxley Vulgarity in Lit. iii. 13 The spirit of the time..demands that we should ‘press with strenuous tongue against our palate’ not only joy's grape, but every Dead Sea fruit. Even dust and ashes must be relished.
1945 A. Huxley Let. 2 Apr. (1969) 518 The most wildly romantic adventures all turned into dust and ashes.
4. Phrases. to shake the dust off one's feet (in allusion to Matthew x. 14, etc.). to throw dust in the eyes of: to confuse, mislead, or dupe by making ‘blind’ to the actual facts of the case. to bite the dust: to fall to the ground; esp. to fall wounded or slain (see also bite v. Phrases 2a). For other phrases, see senses 3, 5.
ΚΠ
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) x. 14 Asceacaþ þæt dust of eowrum fotum.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. x. 14 Ȝee goynge forth fro that hous, or citee, smytith awey the dust fro ȝoure feet.
1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 27 b They doe nothing else but raise a dust to doe out their owne eies.
1612 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1849) (modernized text) I. 169 To countermine his underminers, and, as he termed it, to cast dust in their eyes.
c1767 B. Franklin Wks. (1887) IV. 79 It required a long discourse to throw dust in the eyes of common sense.
1856 C. J. Andersson Lake Ngami 94 In the course of half an hour, he had twice bitten the dust.
1856 C. J. Andersson Lake Ngami 363 He..had made numerous lions bite the dust.
1862 J. W. Colenso Pentateuch 6 I was not able long to throw dust in the eyes of my own mind and do violence to the love of truth in this way.
5.
a. figurative (from 2c.) Confusion, disturbance, commotion, turmoil (as of a conflict in which much dust is raised); formerly chiefly in to raise a dust, to make a disturbance; now only with conscious reference to the literal sense (except as in 5b).
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > lack of peacefulness > cause a disturbance [verb (intransitive)]
to raise a dust1649
to stir up a hornets' nest1740
row1797
to kick up a shindy1829
to raise Cain1840
to raise the mischief1840
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > confused sound > [verb (intransitive)] > uproar or tumult
clamourc1400
rumblec1405
shout1513
racket1617
to keep a (bad, etc.) quarter1632
to raise a dust1649
obstreperate1765
row1797
uproar1834
to raise Cain1840
to raise the mischief1840
to raise (also lift) the roof1845
steven1855
tow-row1877
1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions iii. vii. 289 This particular concerning Tithes hath raised no little dust in the Church of God.
1700 T. Brown Amusem. Serious & Comical x. 118 That quarrel and raise a Dust about nothing.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron II. vii. iii. 129 We may perhaps raise a Dust and Dispute about Tenets purely verbal.
1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 161 Great contest follows, and much learned dust Involves the combatants.
1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 68 Entering heart and soul into the dust and heat of the Church's war with the world.
b. Hence (slang or colloquial) A disturbance, uproar, ‘row’, ‘shindy’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > commotion, disturbance, or disorder > [noun] > instance of
viretotec1386
moving?a1439
reela1450
stir1487
songa1500
pirrie1536
hurly-burly1548
make-a-do1575
confusions1599
the hunt is upa1625
ruffle1642
fuss1701
fraction1721
fizza1734
dust1753
noration1773
steeriea1776
splorea1791
rook1808
piece of work1810
curfuffle1813
squall1813
rookerya1820
stushie1824
shindy1829
shine1832
hurroosh1836
fustle1839
upsetting1847
shinty1848
ructions1862
vex1862
houp-la1870
set-out1875
hoodoo1876
tingle-tangle1880
shemozzle1885
take-on1893
dust-up1897
hoo-ha1931
tra-la-la1933
gefuffle1943
tzimmes1945
kerfuffle1946
1753 A. Murphy Gray's Inn Jrnl. No. 50 Mr. Buck..will..then adjourn to kick up a Dust.
1774 Westm. Mag. 2 380 Several of the company, not satisfied..in the language of the Bucks, kicked up a dust.
1805 F. D. Romney in Naval Chron. 14 493 This dust has cut me up.
1843 T. De Quincey Ceylon in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 628/1 Soon there would be a dust with the new master.
6. slang. Money, cash; esp. in down with the (your) dust.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > [noun]
silverc825
feec870
pennieseOE
wortheOE
mintOE
scata1122
spense?c1225
spendinga1290
sumc1300
gooda1325
moneya1325
cattlec1330
muckc1330
reasona1382
pecunyc1400
gilt1497
argentc1500
gelta1529
Mammon1539
ale silver1541
scruff1559
the sinews of war1560
sterling1565
lour1567
will-do-all1583
shell1591
trasha1592
quinyie1596
brass1597
pecuniary1604
dust1607
nomisma1614
countera1616
cross and pilea1625
gingerbreada1625
rhinoa1628
cash1646
grig1657
spanker1663
cole1673
goree1699
mopus1699
quid1699
ribbin1699
bustle1763
necessary1772
stuff1775
needfula1777
iron1785
(the) Spanish1788
pecuniar1793
kelter1807
dibs1812
steven1812
pewter1814
brad1819
pogue1819
rent1823
stumpy1828
posh1830
L. S. D.1835
rivetc1835
tin1836
mint sauce1839
nobbins1846
ochre1846
dingbat1848
dough1848
cheese1850
California1851
mali1851
ducat1853
pay dirt1853
boodle?1856
dinero1856
scad1856
the shiny1856
spondulicks1857
rust1858
soap1860
sugar1862
coin1874
filthy1876
wampum1876
ooftish1877
shekel1883
oil1885
oof1885
mon1888
Jack1890
sploshc1890
bees and honey1892
spending-brass1896
stiff1897
mazuma1900
mazoom1901
cabbage1903
lettuce1903
Oscar Asche1905
jingle1906
doubloons1908
kale1912
scratch1914
green1917
oscar1917
snow1925
poke1926
oodle1930
potatos1931
bread1935
moolah1936
acker1939
moo1941
lolly1943
loot1943
poppy1943
mazoola1944
dosh1953
bickies1966
lovely jubbly1990
scrilla1994
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Hiv Neuer wery to labour for this erthly dust and rychesse.]
1607 G. Wilkins Miseries Inforst Marriage in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) IX. 531 Come, down with your dust.
1691 H. Maydman in Naval Chron. 15 210 He..is not willing to down with his dust.
1753 T. Smollett Ferdinand Count Fathom I. xxiv. 156 I have more dust in my fob, than all these powdered sparks put together.
a1845 T. Hood Dean & Chapter ii And make it come down with the dust.
1873 ‘J. Miller’ Life amongst Modocs (1876) iii. 56 ‘Why don't you pay me, and be off?’.. ‘Haven't got the dust. Can't liquidate.’
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7. = dust-brand n. (In recent dictionaries.)

Compounds

C1.
a. General attributive. Consisting of or relating to dust.
dust-atomy n.
ΚΠ
1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 58 Are not all equal as dust-atomies?
dust-bath n.
ΚΠ
1891 C. T. C. James Romantic Rigmarole 33 Taking a dust-bath there in the centre of the roadway.
dust-cloud n.
ΚΠ
1849 J. G. Whittier Wife of Manoah 16 The thick dust-cloud closed o'er all.
dust-haze n.
ΚΠ
1925 W. N. Shaw & J. S. Owens Smoke Probl. Great Cities x. 197 Smoke or dust is normally dispersed in an upward direction..and it is evident from ordinary observations of dust haze that the upper limit is sometimes very well defined.
1945 Finito! Po Valley Campaign 36 In the dust-haze..factories..collapsed in ruins.
dust-heap n. (also figurative)
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] > heap or accumulation of
middena1425
dust-heap1654
refuse heap1816
detritus1849
tip1863
dump1865
waste-heap1873
junkyard1885
slag heap1917
1654 J. Trapp Comm. Psalms xiii. 8 Such dust-heaps are found in every corner.
1901 Westm. Gaz. 1 May 3/2 The Salvation Army deserves to be helped in its work of sifting the dust-heap of our lowest social strata.
1940 R. G. Collingwood Ess. Metaphysics 120 The distinction between truth and falsehood is part of that antiquated lumber which has at last..been thrown on the dust-heap.
dust-particle n.
ΚΠ
1936 Discovery Nov. 348/1 The Aitken dust-counter has been considered by some to give counts too high for the actual dust particles.
dust-screen n.
ΚΠ
1899 W. H. Maxwell Removal of Town Refuse vii. 175 Dust screens are ineffective.
1918 W. Owen Let. 15 June (1967) 559 I have now a waterproof tent with long grass & buttercups all round to act as dustscreens.
dust-spout n.
ΚΠ
1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) xxxvi. 186 Two dust-spouts, tight and symmetrical chimneys, advanced.
1937 A. Huxley Let. 3 June (1969) 422 Western Texas, which we crossed in the midst of a premature heatwave (dust-spouts in a temperature of 105° in the shade).
dust-whirl n.
ΚΠ
1886 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 121 247 The formation of a dust-whirl as it suddenly bursts upon you in the open street.
b. Used for the reception or conveyance of dust.
dust-basket n.
ΚΠ
1626 T. Loate in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. iv. 478 George's desk, and his sword, and a dust basket.
dust-cart n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > refuse truck or cart
pudding-cart1562
dust-cart1776
refuse cart1845
garbage truck1874
sanitation truck1958
1776 J. Entick Hist. London I. 187 A tumbrel or dust-cart.
1812 Sporting Mag. 39 21 Every species of carriage from the chariot to the dust-cart.
dust-cellar n.
dust-wharf n.
ΚΠ
1887 Courier (Middlesex) 16 June 4/2 Mr. Coffin's offer to let or sell to the Board a dust wharf.
dust-yard n. (also figurative)
ΚΠ
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 216/1 The dust-yards must not be confounded with the ‘night-yards’.
1854 C. Dickens Hard Times ii. ix. 232 Her father was usually sifting and sifting at his parliamentary cinder-heap in London..and was still hard at it in the national dust-yard.
1904 Daily Chron. 27 Sept. 8/2 In a few odd corners of London there still exist dustyards in which the refuse of the great city is sifted and sorted.
C2. Objective and objective genitive.
a.
dust-catcher n.
ΚΠ
1939 D. R. G. Crawford Gas Producer Operator's Handbk. v. 70 The simple gas-cleaning plant..is for use..where a clean cool gas is required... Where hot raw gas is required the complete cleaning plant is replaced by a static dust-catcher.
1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 273/1 Dust catcher, a chamber in which dust is extracted from furnace gases by causing a sudden change in the direction of the gas stream.
1953 D. J. O. Brandt Manuf. Iron & Steel viii. 64 This will normally lead direct to the dust-catcher.
dust-collector n.
dust-contractor n.
ΚΠ
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 168/1 These dust-contractors are likewise the contractors for the cleansing of the streets.
dust-shovelling n.
dust-sifter n.
ΚΠ
1889 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Mar. 3/1 The female dust-sifters had just completed their ablutions.
dust-sifting n.
dust-throwing n.
ΚΠ
1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 26 Aug. 2/3 The Ottoman art of dust-throwing in the eyes of Europe.
b.
dust-catching adj.
ΚΠ
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 428/1 A dust-catching apparatus has been..erected at Edinburgh.
dust-free adj.
ΚΠ
1925 W. N. Shaw & J. S. Owens Smoke Probl. Great Cities xi. 211 When breathing dust-laden air, it is only after long periods of quiet breathing that the air from the deep parts of the lungs is dust free.
1934 Discovery July 184/1 Bringing the surfaces together in a clean and dust-free condition.
dust-laying adj.
ΚΠ
1899 Westm. Gaz. 18 July 2/1 Water-carts sprayed the road with grateful dust-laying streams.
1902 Westm. Gaz. 11 Sept. 7/3 Oil is the latest dust-laying agent.
dust-licking adj.
ΚΠ
1808 R. A. D. To France in Poet. Reg. 1806–7, 170 Blood-drinking tyrants, or dust-licking slaves!
dust-producing adj.
ΚΠ
1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 10 Aug. 5/1 Operatives engaged in dust-producing trades.
dust-proof adj.
ΚΠ
1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Agric. 1868 15 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc.) XV The museum has been partly filled with absolutely dust-proof cases.
1882 Leisure Hour 414/2 The fittings are massive and dust-proof.
1898 J. Southward Mod. Printing I. iv. 26 One of the most useful recent innovations is to make the racks ‘dust-proof’.
1903 R. L. McCardell Conversat. Chorus Girl 29 He had on one of them dust-proof Bennys that delegates to Granger conventions wear.
1934 Archit. Rev. 75 142/2 Dust-proof electric light fittings are available.
dust-raising adj.
ΚΠ
1903 B. Harraden Kathleen Frensham 272 A long, straggling, dust-raising line of about 50 conveyances.
1908 Westm. Gaz. 22 Dec. 4/2 On the mere off~chance of minimising in an infinitesimal degree their dust-raising propensities.
1963 P. Drackett Motor Rallying i. 10 There were even dust-raising tests and noise checks.
C3. Instrumental and locative.
dust-begrimed adj.
ΚΠ
1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. xi. 339 Blood-stained and dust-begrimed.
dust-born adj.
ΚΠ
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 317 Till..Death..Thy dust-borne body turne to dust againe.
dust-clogged adj.
ΚΠ
1894 H. Nisbet Bush Girl's Romance xxxi. 293 The bushranger's dust-clogged brow became corrugated.
dust-covered adj.
ΚΠ
a1847 E. Cook Old Clock i Thy dust-covered face.
dust-creeping adj.
ΚΠ
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. i. sig. O2v Such a dust-creeping worme as I am.
dust-filled adj.
ΚΠ
1908 Westm. Gaz. 25 July 3/2 A man with a dust-filled throat.
dust-laden adj.
ΚΠ
a1847 E. Cook Grandfather's Stick xi The dust-laden carpets.
dust-polluted adj.
dust-soiled adj.
C4. Similative.
a.
dust-dry adj.
ΚΠ
1879 R. Browning Ned Bratts in Idyls I. 4 Ponds drained dust-dry.
dust-grey adj.
ΚΠ
1882 ‘Ouida’ In Maremma I. 51 The misty scorching dust-grey shores.
dust-white adj.
ΚΠ
1923 E. Sitwell Bucolic Comedies 48 And in the street dust-white and lean, Two black apes bear her palanquin.
1938 W. de la Mare Memory & Other Poems 16 Dust-white hedge.
b.
dust-like adj.
ΚΠ
1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania 227 Dust-like Dispaire may with me liue.
C5.
Categories »
dust-ball n. a concretion of the dust of corn sometimes formed in the intestine of the horse, and giving rise to disease.
dust-blister n. a blister in a rubber tyre caused by the entry of dust into a cut.
ΚΠ
1897 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport I. 283/1 Dust blisters occur from the entry of dust into a neglected cut.
dust-bowl n. originally U.S. a region subject to drought where, as a result of the loss or absence of plant cover, the wind has eroded the soil and made the land unproductive; hence, any region that is arid or unproductive; also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > wild or uncultivated land > [noun] > barren land or desert > waterless
droughta1000
dryheada1300
drynessa1398
carbuncle1577
jornada1828
thirst-land1878
dry land1893
thirst-country1895
thirst1906
dry1909
dust-bowl1936
1936 Durant (Okla.) Daily Democrat 26 Mar. 1/7 The panhandle ‘dustbowl’ was outside the path of the wind.
1936 Dallas Morning News 26 Dec. They say he nearly defeated himself by urging Landon's election among the dust bowl farmers.
1937 Ann. Reg. 1936 288 Some pastoral areas where over-feeding of live-stock had completely killed the pasturage were called ‘dust-bowls’.
1951 B. Russell New Hopes for Changing World 33 Will all the arable land be turned into dust-bowls as it has been in large parts of the United States?
1959 Listener 20 Aug. 276/1 A more depressing picture, widely supported at the present time, is that Venus is an arid dust-bowl.
dust-brush n. a brush for removing dust from furniture, etc.
ΚΠ
1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Dust-brush.
dust-cap n. a cap (cap n.1 12) to protect something from dust.
ΚΠ
1898 Springtime Apr. 103/1 There are..five separate pieces in the dust-cap alone.
1930 Engineering 16 May 647/1 After screwing down the needle valve, disconnecting the pump and screwing on the dust cap, the strut is ready for use.
dust-chamber n. (in an ore-roasting furnace) a closed chamber in which the heavier products of combustion are collected.
dust-cloak n. a cloak worn to keep off the dust (so dust-coat, dust-gown, dust-wrap).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > for specific purpose
masque1577
mourning cloak1610
coach-cloak1705
domino1719
rochet1728
watch-cloak1814
opera cloak1836
railway wrapper1846
duster1864
sortie de bal1864
dust-cloak1883
Venetian1891
gas cape1940
1883 Truth 31 May 768/1 With our dust-cloaks and some yards each of brown gauze, we defied the great Dust Demon.
dust-cloth n. (a) a cloth for wiping off dust (= duster n. 1); (b) a cloth placed over something to keep off dust.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > dusting > [noun] > implements
dusting-cloth1667
dust-cloth1727
dustera1748
dustpan1785
feather-duster1858
selvyt1891
plumet1902
1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Draught horse They must with a Dust-cloth wipe off all the Dust that lies on the Horse.
1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket v. ii. 184 A slut whose fairest linen seems Foul as her dust-cloth, if she used it.
dust-coat n. see dust-cloak n. above.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > coat > types of > for specific purpose > other
dust-coat1702
hunting-coat1789
pinkc1791
reading-coat1830
wedding-coat1838
zephyr1843
lab coat1895
tea-coat1899
stroller1901
bridge coat1905
sport coat1917
sportster1929
laboratory coatc1936
car coat1956
1702 C. Fiennes Journeys (1947) 261 The wind soone dry'd my dust coate.
1872 Punch 6 July 7/1 He arrives in a white dustcoat.
1916 H. G. Wells Mr. Britling sees it Through i. iii. 80 A lady in a motoring dust coat.
1916 H. G. Wells Mr. Britling sees it Through i. iii. 86 The dust-coat lady.
1968 J. Ironside Fashion Alphabet 39 Dust-coat, any lightweight coat worn mainly to protect the clothes and not necessarily for warmth.
dust-colour n. the colour of the ordinary dust of the ground, a dull light brown; hence dust-coloured adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [noun] > light brown
dust-colour1607
milk chocolate1723
café au lait1763
whitey-brown1858
biscuit1879
rachel1880
bisque1891
lobster bisque1895
toast-colour1898
parchment1904
toast1922
suntan1923
milk coffee1972
the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [adjective] > light brown
parchment1597
whited brown1650
whitey-brown1658
coffee-coloured1695
dust-coloured1800
ochre-brown1853
blonde1866
biscuit1875
weedy-brown1886
mousy1888
bisque1890
toast-coloured1898
suntan1923
sunblush1930
rachel1951
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 3 Apes..both Redde, blacke, greene, dust-colour, and white ones.
1800 R. Bloomfield Summer in Farmer's Boy 31 The small dust-coloured beetle.
1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations III. iv. 68 A man in a dust-coloured dress.
dust-core n. a core of magnetic powder in which the electrically insulating properties of the binding agent result in reduced core losses.
ΚΠ
1920 U.S. Pat. 1,523,109 Telephone loading coil cores of the so-called ‘dust’ type.]
1924 S. R. Roget Dict. Electr. Terms 70/1 Dust core, an iron core for induction in telephone lines in which eddy current and hysteresis losses are negligible.
1928 Trans. Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 47 436/2 The commercial use of permalloy-dust-core loading coils..has brought about a number of very important improvements.
1954 E. Molloy Radio & Television Engineers' Ref. Bk. xxx. 11 Cores made of ferrites..are commercially available now, and but for their high cost would have replaced the dust core over the frequency range in which they are advantageous.
1970 D. F. Shaw Introd. Electronics (ed. 2) v. 87 These materials [sc. ferrites] have many advantages over the earlier ‘dust-core’ materials.
dust-counter n. an instrument for counting the dust particles in a known volume of air.
ΚΠ
1892 J. Aitken in Proc. Royal Soc. Edinb. XVIII. 39 A simple pocket dust-counter.
dust cover n. a cover to protect something from dust; spec. a detachable paper cover or jacket in which a new book is normally issued and which often contains information about the book or its author; also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > cover > wrapper or loose cover
wrapper1806
fall1837
book wrapper1844
jacket1850
book jacket1859
chemise1893
dust cover1902
book folder1925
dust jacket1928
dust-wrapper1932
1902 D. Salomons in A. C. Harmsworth et al. Motors & Motor-driving (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) vi. 95 Every car should have mackintosh raincovers..; also dust-covers, which are useful on many occasions.
1921 Sat. Westm. Gaz. 17 Sept. 14/1 The dust-cover..suggests that the book will be of service not only in schools but also as ‘an entertainment for home-reading’.
1923 Times Lit. Suppl. 22 Feb. 126/1 The lurid dust cover.
1942 ‘N. Shute’ Pied Piper 49 Dozing uneasily in the chair, half-covered by the dust-cover from the bed.
1962 Which? Car Suppl. Oct. 138/2 Rubber dust covers on front brake cylinders disintegrated.
1968 Listener 1 Aug. 144/2 Soon after you came back from your recent honeymoon, your wife was quoted in one newspaper as saying that she must help you to take the dust covers off certain areas of your personality.
dust-cup n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 99 Dust Cup,..a guard fitted round the fusee arbors of watches and chronometers to exclude dirt.
dust-destructor n. see destructor n. 2.
dust-devil n. see devil n. 12.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > dry weather or climate > [noun] > dust-storm or sand-storm > dust-spout or sand-spout
whirl-spout1737
devil1813
sand-spouta1849
sand-pillar1879
dust-devil1888
sand-devil1901
whirly-whirly1928
sand-smoke1930
1888 R. Kipling False Dawn in Plain Tales from Hills 43 We rushed through the wheeling choking ‘dust-devils’ in the skirts of the flying storm.
1892 R. Kipling Barrack-room Ballads 77 It's up and over the Tongue of Jagai, as blown dust-devils go.
1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) xxxvi. 185 At last I saw that part of the yellow cloud off Serd was coming slowly against the wind in our direction, raising scores of dust devils before its feet.
1955 H. Klein Winged Courier vii. 46 The airmen experienced a new African flying hazard in the form of dust devils, some of which rose as high as 8,000 ft.
dust-flow n. a stream or landslide of volcanic ashes saturated with water.
ΚΠ
1904 Science 1 July 24/2 Clouds of steam rising from the crater, accompanied from time to time by dust-flows.
dust-gold n. Obsolete gold dust.
ΚΠ
1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 117 A..way of washing out very small Dust-gold.
dust-gown n. see dust-cloak n. above.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > robe or gown > types of > other
stolec950
paramentc1385
stolea1387
vestmentc1386
chimer1487
shemewe1517
parliament1537
Turkey gown1558
slop1570
blue gown1578
dolman1585
palliament1593
synthesis1606
vest1613
paramentoa1640
brandenburgh1676
khilat1684
spagnoleta1685
sultanea1685
sultana1693
garter-robes1702
under-robe1725
wrapper1725
stola1728
talar1738
negligée1755
jama1776
dust-gown1802
yukata1822
manga1824
gandoura1851
pheran1851
riga1851
shamma1862
choga1869
kanzu1870
kimono1886
holoku1893
mammy-cloth1952
1802 J. West Infidel Father I. 23 Her homespun dust-gown.
dust-guard n. a contrivance to keep off dust from the axle and bearings of a wheel, or on a bicycle from the dress of the rider.
ΚΠ
1888 Engineer LXV. 297 The dust-guard is made of sycamore wood, and is either in one or two parts.
dust-hole n. a hole or receptacle in which dust and refuse are collected, a dust-bin.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > place for disposing of refuse > hole or pit
windolf14..
slut-hole1585
dust-hole1811
shoddy-hole1845
1811 L.-M. Hawkins Countess & Gertrude I. xxii. 370 Dust hole.
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 5 A rakish-looking cat..bounding first on the water-butt, then on the dusthole.
dust jacket n. = jacket n. 11a (cf. dust cover n.).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > cover > wrapper or loose cover
wrapper1806
fall1837
book wrapper1844
jacket1850
book jacket1859
chemise1893
dust cover1902
book folder1925
dust jacket1928
dust-wrapper1932
1928 S. J. Looker's Booklover's Catal. Jan. 5 The Life and Letters of Emily Dickinson..in dust jacket.
1928 Observer 24 June 8 The book is sent out by Constable's in a particularly attractive dust-jacket.
1957 Times 25 Nov. 11/3 Henry Fielding's Tom Jones in a practical transparent dust jacket at 12s. 6d.
dust-louse n. an insect of the genus Psocus.
dustpan n. (also dust-pan) a utensil for catching dust as it is swept from a floor, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > dusting > [noun] > implements
dusting-cloth1667
dust-cloth1727
dustera1748
dustpan1785
feather-duster1858
selvyt1891
plumet1902
1785 F. Hopkinson Misc. Ess. (1792) II. 158 It was soon after swept out with the common dirt of the room, and carried in a dust pan to the yard.
1841 A. Bache Fire-screen 68 She brought in a dust-pan and brush.
1856 C. Dickens Little Dorrit (1857) i. xxv. 223 Ladies would fly out at their doors crying, ‘Mr. Baptist—tea-pot!’ ‘Mr. Baptist—dust-pan!’
1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations I. xii. 207 She..got out the dustpan..and began cleaning up to a terrible extent.
1966 J. Betjeman High & Low 17 Brooms and plastic dustpans hang from the ceiling.
dustpanful n. as much as a dust-pan will hold.
ΚΠ
1882 F. A. Kemble Rec. Later Life I. 60 Three and four dustpanfuls a day would be swept away.
1965 M. Echard I met Murder (1967) xvii. 137 The maid told me she swept up dead roaches by the dustpanful.
dust-plate n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 130 Dust-plate, a vertical iron plate, supporting the slag-runner of an iron blast furnace.
dust-sheet n. a sheet for covering furniture or the like to keep off dust (cf. quot. 1861 at sheet n.1 1b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > miscellaneous articles to protect from dirt > [noun]
crumb-cloth1843
wrapper1847
dust-sheet1854
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > [noun] > protective covering or pad
wrapper1847
dust-sheet1854
furniture-pad1874
1854 E. C. Gaskell Let. 17 May (1966) 290 Not even a book to beguile the time—five fathoms deep they lie beneath dust-sheets.
1907 Westm. Gaz. 17 Aug. 4/3 The big town-house was depressing in its shroud of dust-sheets.
1928 Daily Mail 25 July 4/2 Hundreds of dust sheets, 2 yards wide by 2¾ yards long, for covering furniture, are being sold by a West End firm.
1936 W. de la Mare Wind blows Over 159 Having muffled the furniture with their sepulchral dust-sheets.
dust-sheeted adj. covered or provided with a dust-sheet.
ΚΠ
1917 C. S. Lewis Let. 18 July (1966) 38 Some of the rooms were all dust-sheeted.
dust-shoot n. a place where dust and refuse are shot or deposited.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > place for disposing of refuse
Tophet1382
shooting-ground1835
shoot1851
dumping-ground1857
dump1872
toom1882
dust-shoot1883
coup1886
nuisance ground1889
tip1890
1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 27 Dec. 12/1 Each tenement has a separate..coal-place, copper and dust-shoot.
dust-shot n. the smallest size of shot.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shot collectively > shot > small
pellet1372
die?c1390
hail-shot1485
die-shot1581
dice-shot1588
birdshot1626
key-shot1648
mould shot1675
cartridge-shot1690
small shot1727
drop1753
shot-cornc1792
dust-shot1800
sparrow-hail1859
steel1898
scattershot1961
1800 Sporting Mag. 16 273 Used to kill small birds for their plumage, with dust shot.
1863 H. W. Bates Naturalist on River Amazons II. iv. 257 Mine was a double-barrel, with one charge of BB and one of dust-shot.
dust-spawn n. Obsolete offspring or progeny of the dust.
ΚΠ
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. ii. 417 See..these dust-spawne, feeble, Dwarfes.
dust-storm n. a tempest in which large clouds of dust are raised and carried along.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > dry weather or climate > [noun] > dust-storm or sand-storm
sandstorm1774
dust-storm1879
shaitan1883
shower1898
1879 Mrs. A. G. F. E. James Indian Househ. Managem. xii. 82 Dust-storms come on often very quickly.
1936 ‘F. Gerald’ Millionaire in Mem. ii. 42 At Port Pirie a dust-storm swept down upon us.
dust-tempered adj. Obsolete mingled or composed of dust.
ΚΠ
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xi. sig. I6 Poore dust-temper'd Man.
dust-thread n. nonce-word applied to the stamens of flowers, as respectively producing and conveying the pollen (see sense 1c).
ΚΠ
1879 J. Grant in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 95/1 He showed that the stamina, or dust-threads, were the male, and the pistilla, or dust-ways, the female parts of the plants.
dust-trap n. something in or on which dust collects; also attributive.
ΚΠ
1905 Daily Chron. 17 Apr. 8/2 Fussy, dust-trap trimming near the hem.
1906 Westm. Gaz. 15 Jan. 2/1 Hailstones, the slowly falling flakes of snow, drops of rain, are literally dust-traps.
1967 R. Rendell New Lease of Death i. 8 The primrose venetian blinds..were dust-traps.
dust-way n. applied to the pistils of flowers, as respectively producing and conveying the pollen (see sense 1c).Apparently an isolated use.
ΚΠ
1879 J. Grant in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 95/1 He showed that the stamina, or dust-threads, were the male, and the pistilla, or dust-ways, the female parts of the plants.
dust-wind n. a wind bringing dust-storms.
ΚΠ
1901 Geogr. Jrnl. 18 91 Observations, outline and relief of the region,..temperature in the interior, dust-winds, temperatures of wells and springs [etc.].
dust-woman n. a woman employed in sifting dust and refuse.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > one who > one who sifts refuse
dust-woman1851
refuse sifter1884
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 162/1 The calling of the dustman and dustwoman is not so much as noticed in the population returns.
dust-worm n. Obsolete a ‘worm of the dust’, a mean or grovelling person.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > low or vulgar person > [noun]
gadlinga1300
geggea1300
churlc1300
filec1300
jot1362
scoutc1380
beggara1400
carla1400
turnbroach14..
villainc1400
gnoffc1405
fellowc1425
cavelc1430
haskardc1487
hastardc1489
foumart1508
strummel?a1513
knapper1513
hogshead?1518
jockeya1529
dreng1535
sneakbill1546
Jack1548
rag1566
scald1575
huddle and twang1578
sneaksby1580
companion1581
lowling1581
besognier1584
patchcock1596
grill1597
sneaksbill1602
scum1607
turnspit1607
cocoloch1610
compeer1612
dust-worm1621
besonioa1625
world-worma1625
besognea1652
gippo1651
Jacky1653
mechanic1699
fustya1732
grub-worm1752
raff1778
person1782
rough scuff1816
spalpeen1817
bum1825
sculpin1834
soap-lock1840
tinka1843
'Arry1874
scruff1896
scruffo1959
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. iii. xii. 155 Never satisfied, a slaue, a wretch, a dustworm.
dust-wrap n. see dust-cloak n. above.
dust-wrapper n. = wrapper n. 1b (cf. dust cover n.).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > cover > wrapper or loose cover
wrapper1806
fall1837
book wrapper1844
jacket1850
book jacket1859
chemise1893
dust cover1902
book folder1925
dust jacket1928
dust-wrapper1932
1932 Book-Collector's Q. Apr. 10 The somewhat more humble ‘dust-wrapper’ is to be found in the catalogues of the greater and more conscious booksellers.
1934 Punch 24 Oct. 476/2 The love-interest which I guessed (from the dust-wrapper) must be contained somewhere.

Draft additions 1993

An act of dusting or of cleaning by wiping away the dust. colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > dusting > [noun] > act of
dust1972
1972 F. Warner Maquettes 16 Could do with a dust, this place.
1980 P. Lively in P. Woodford You can't keep out Darkness 158 It's as much as I can manage to have a dust of the ornaments just now.

Draft additions March 2006

dust bunny n. colloquial (chiefly North American) a ball of dust and fluff, of a type often found behind or beneath furniture.
ΚΠ
1952 Newark (Ohio) Advocate & Amer. Tribune 25 June 4/4 He [sc. a child] can be happy enough if there are occasional dust bunnies under the bed, but he will be miserable indeed if we neglect to safeguard his place in a free society.
2001 H. Holmes Secret Life Dust i. 12 The dust bunnies that skulk beneath the couch and behind the refrigerator contain everything from space diamonds to Saharan dust to the bones of dinosaurs.

Draft additions December 2003

dust mite n. = house-dust mite n. at house dust n. Compounds.
ΚΠ
1973 Practitioner May 664 (title) Dust-mite urticaria.
1996 S. Lavery et al. Hamlyn Encycl. Complementary Health 7 One theory is that childhood asthma is on the increase because of increased traffic fumes, and also dust mites that are present in everybody's homes.

Draft additions March 2012

dust tail n. Astronomy a cometary tail composed of ejected dust particles, typically broad and somewhat curved; also called type II tail; cf. ion tail n. at ion n. Compounds 2.Dust tails appear yellow or luminous as a result of reflected sunlight.
ΚΠ
1960 Vistas in Astron. 3 143 A feature of the dust tail warranting more attention was its peculiar streaked appearance on 13 and 14 August 1957.
1972 Science 9 Feb. 566 Comet 1970 II..became a spectacular object visible to the naked eye..when it displayed a straight narrow plasma tail and a huge moderately curved dust tail.
2001 M. D. Reynolds Falling Stars i. 7 In 1997 Comet Hale-Bopp..exhibited both a spectacular blue gas tail and a yellow dust tail.

Draft additions June 2016

the dust settles and variants: things quieten down or enough time passes to allow for reflection; frequently used with reference to the resolution or outcome of a conflict, dispute, etc. Cf. sense 5a.Often in temporal clauses introduced by as soon as, when, until, etc.
ΚΠ
1868 C. J. Lever Bramleighs liii. 160 Patience, kind neighbors; do but let the dust settle after the struggle.
1879 Inter Ocean (Chicago) 23 Aug. 4/3 As soon as the dust settles people will begin to see that the Democratic party of Illinois is not as happy as birds in the same nest.
1891 Musical News 8 May 193/2 ‘When the dust has settled’, and one comes to think over the results of all this..well-directed labour.., the dominant remaining thought is a recognition of the educational value of the competitions.
1912 F. W. Boreham Luggage of Life iii. vii. 220 Now that all the dust has settled, what is the truth?
1937 N.Y. Herald Tribune 28 Aug. 14/1 After the dust had settled he and Ernest Hemingway, the slaphappy litterateur, toured Spain together.
1982 M. Leigh Goose-pimples ii, in Abigail's Party & Goose-pimples (1983) 129 Frankie : But you could've phoned me, Ver; it's been three weeks. Vernon : I told you, Frankie: I wanted to let the dust settle; right?
2003 J. Dawson & S. Propes 45 RPM iii. 22 America's third largest record company, Decca, announced early that it would continue exclusively with the 10-inch 78 and stay out of the fray until the dust settled.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

dustn.2

Etymology: compare dust v.2: also doust n.
Obsolete. rare.
A stroke, blow.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > [noun] > a stroke or blow
dintc897
swengOE
shutec1000
kill?c1225
swipc1275
stroke1297
dentc1325
touchc1325
knock1377
knalc1380
swapc1384
woundc1384
smitinga1398
lush?a1400
sowa1400
swaipa1400
wapc1400
smita1425
popc1425
rumbelowc1425
hitc1450
clope1481
rimmel1487
blow1488
dinga1500
quartera1500
ruska1500
tucka1500
recounterc1515
palta1522
nolpc1540
swoop1544
push1561
smot1566
veny1578
remnant1580
venue1591
cuff1610
poltc1610
dust1611
tank1686
devel1787
dunching1789
flack1823
swinge1823
looder1825
thrash1840
dolk1861
thresh1863
mace-blow1879
pulsation1891
nosebleeder1921
slosh1936
smackeroo1942
dab-
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Excez de main non garnie,..a cuffe, or dust with the fist.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

dustv.1

Etymology: < dust n.1: compare Old Norse dusta to dust. The connection of senses 7, 11 is obscure, and it is not certain that they belong here. Compare dust v.2
1. intransitive. To be dusty; to rise as dust. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > dirtiness or soiling with specific kinds of dirt > be or become dirty or soiled with specific kinds of dirt [verb (intransitive)] > be dusty
dust?c1225
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 233 Ȝef hit dusteð swiðe. ha fleskeð water & swopeð ut.
2.
a. transitive. To reduce to dust, or to small particles like dust.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > form into grains or granules [verb (transitive)] > make into powder or dust
powdera1400
pulverize?a1425
pulverc1425
dustc1440
pulverizate1598
rub1607
pulverate1615
triturate1755
triture1773
powderize1903
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 135/2 Dustyn, pulverizo.
1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Pouldrer, to dust.
1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica iii. ii. 417 He can crumble a Showr into a Drisle, or Dust it into a Fog.
b. intransitive. To crumble to dust.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > decompose, crumble, or melt away
melteOE
fleetc1384
dissolvec1420
unbindc1450
loosec1480
moulder1531
mirtlec1540
mould1542
moulter1568
mutter1609
mosker1612
disband1633
dust1636
dissipatea1676
deliquesce1792
decompose1793
disintegrate1817
1636 W. Denny in Ann. Dubrensia sig. C2v When thy name fades; Marble-pillars shall Dust into nothing.
3.
a. transitive. To sprinkle with dust or powder.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > sprinkle > sprinkle (a surface) with something > with any powder
powderc1380
empowder1548
dust1591
over-dredge1594
dredge1596
1591 R. Greene Second Pt. Conny-catching sig. D3v Hee being thus dusted with meale.
1764 T. Harmer Observ. Passages Script. xxix. vi. 288 Shimei's behaviour..who..threw stones, and dusted him with dust.
1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper ii. 29 Dust them well with Flour.
1859 J. E. Tennent Ceylon II. viii. v. 367 Dusting themselves with sand.
b. reflexive. Of birds; also intransitive for reflexive.
ΚΠ
1771 G. White Let. 12 Feb. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 141 Let me hear..whether skylarks do not dust.
1872 W. Black Strange Adventures Phaeton x. 144 The partridges that were dusting themselves in the road.
1884 T. Speedy Sport in Highlands xv. 267 [Partridges] prefer, as a rule, places where they can ‘dust’ and bask in the sun.
c. to dust the eyes of (figurative: see dust n.1 4); also (slang or colloquial) to dust, in same sense.
ΚΠ
1814 Stock Exchange Law Open 11 This is termed ‘Dusting the public’.
1867 J. A. Froude Ess. 401 Instead of dusting our eyes with sophistry.
4.
a. To soil with dust; to make dusty.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > dirtiness or soiling with specific kinds of dirt > dirty or soil with specific kinds of dirt [verb (transitive)] > make dusty
bedust1530
dust1530
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 530/2 You have dusted your cappe, let one go brusshe it.
1624 R. Skynner Let. in R. Parr Life J. Usher (1686) Coll. cii. 354 Dust thy self in the dust of their Feet.
1849 J. A. Froude Nemesis of Faith 154 We go out..and dust our feet along its thoroughfares.
1886 A. Lang Lett. to Dead Authors 194 Dusting your ruffles among the old volumes on the sunny stalls.
b. intransitive. To become dusty. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > dirtiness or soiling with specific kinds of dirt > be or become dirty or soiled with specific kinds of dirt [verb (intransitive)] > be dusty > become dusty
dust1625
1625 J. Phillips Way to Heaven 52 The Booke..lay dusting and out of vse.
5. To strew or sprinkle as dust.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > sprinkle > (as) specific substance
powderc1400
snewc1440
sinapize1653
dust1790
pepper1821
1790 Wedgwood in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 80 314 (note) A little of it is applied, or even dusted only, on the bottom of a small cup made of clay.
1806 ‘Ignotus’ Culina (ed. 3) 74 Dust in a little flour.
1884 G. H. Boughton in Harper's Mag. Sept. 528/1 We never dusted on enough [pepper] to please him.
6.
a. To free from dust; to wipe or brush off the dust from.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > dusting > dust [verb (transitive)]
dust1568
undust1611
to dust off1948
1568 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes (1619) 708/2 The French riddles (with which they dust their corne).
a1577 G. Gascoigne Hundred Flowers in Wks. (1587) 180 Yea when he curried was and dusted slike and trimme.
1713 Guardian 20 May 1/2 It became my Province once a Week to dust them [sc. books].
1843 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 267 I went about sweeping and dusting.
1894 H. Caine Manxman 52 [She] was..dusting the big shells on the mantelpiece.
b. to dust a person's coat, etc.: to beat him soundly. colloquial. (Cf. sense 7.)See also to dust a person's jacket at jacket n. Phrases 3.
ΚΠ
1690 W. Walker Idiomatologia Anglo-Lat. 154 I'll dust your coat for you.
1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 231 With a good oak sapling he dusted his doublet.
7.
a. transitive. To beat, thrash. Now colloquial or dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > beat [verb (transitive)] > specifically a person
to-beatc893
threshOE
bustc1225
to lay on or upon?c1225
berrya1250
to-bunea1250
touchc1330
arrayc1380
byfrapc1380
boxc1390
swinga1400
forbeatc1420
peal?a1425
routa1425
noddlea1450
forslinger1481
wipe1523
trima1529
baste1533
waulk1533
slip1535
peppera1550
bethwack1555
kembc1566
to beat (a person) black and blue1568
beswinge1568
paik1568
trounce1568
canvass1573
swaddle?1577
bebaste1582
besoop1589
bumfeage1589
dry-beat1589
feague1589
lamback1589
clapperclaw1590
thrash1593
belam1595
lam1595
beswaddle1598
bumfeagle1598
belabour1600
tew1600
flesh-baste1611
dust1612
feeze1612
mill1612
verberate1614
bethumpa1616
rebuke1619
bemaul1620
tabor1624
maula1627
batterfang1630
dry-baste1630
lambaste1637
thunder-thump1637
cullis1639
dry-banga1640
nuddle1640
sauce1651
feak1652
cotton1654
fustigate1656
brush1665
squab1668
raddle1677
to tan (a person's) hide1679
slam1691
bebump1694
to give (a person) his load1694
fag1699
towel1705
to kick a person's butt1741
fum1790
devel1807
bray1808
to beat (also scare, etc.) someone's daylights out1813
mug1818
to knock (a person) into the middle of next week1821
welt1823
hidea1825
slate1825
targe1825
wallop1825
pounce1827
to lay into1838
flake1841
muzzle1843
paste1846
looder1850
frail1851
snake1859
fettle1863
to do over1866
jacket1875
to knock seven kinds of —— out of (a person)1877
to take apart1880
splatter1881
to beat (knock, etc.) the tar out of1884
to —— the shit out of (a person or thing)1886
to do up1887
to —— (the) hell out of1887
to beat — bells out of a person1890
soak1892
to punch out1893
stoush1893
to work over1903
to beat up1907
to punch up1907
cream1929
shellac1930
to —— the bejesus out of (a person or thing)1931
duff1943
clobber1944
to fill in1948
to bash up1954
to —— seven shades of —— out of (a person or thing)1976
to —— seven shades out of (a person or thing)1983
beast1990
becurry-
fan-
society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > administer corporal punishment [verb (transitive)] > beat > soundly or severely
anointa1500
peppera1550
bumbastea1566
dust1612
blue-beata1627
cullis1639
chafe1673
to tan (a person's) hide1679
1612 Mr. King tr. Benvenuto Passenger i. i. 51 If..she be good, to dust her often, hath in it, a singular,..vertue to make her much better.
1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn xxxix. 333 So she took and dusted us both with the hickry [sic].
1950 Time 30 Jan. 14/2 [Miners] dusted one of [the district leader's] lieutenants with an old shoe for trying to talk them back to work.
1970 H. E. Roberts Third Ear 6/2 Dust v., beat up.
b. intransitive. To strike, hit.[But the place of these is doubtful: cf. dust v.2 ]
ΚΠ
c1612 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliad xvi. 544 Another stony dart As good as Hector's he let fly, that dusted in the neck Of Sthenelaus.
8. transitive. To brush, shake, or rub off as dust.
ΚΠ
1775 S. J. Pratt Liberal Opinions (1783) IV. 63 Boy, dust away the crumbs with your hat.
1887 R. L. Stevenson Underwoods i. xxxviii A strenuous family dusted from its hands The sand of granite.
9. To pass (any one) on the road, so as to expose him to the dust of one's horse or wheels; to make one ‘take the dust’; to outride. slang (rare).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > drive a wheeled vehicle > pass a person exposing him to dust
dust1890
1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer (1891) 419 I could have dusted any of 'em with Ben.
10. intransitive. To ride or go quickly, hasten, hurry, make off; also, to dust it. ( Chiefly U.S. slang or colloquial)
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move with urgent speed
rempeOE
fuseOE
rakeOE
hiec1175
i-fusec1275
rekec1275
hastec1300
pellc1300
platc1300
startc1300
buskc1330
rapc1330
rapec1330
skip1338
firk1340
chase1377
raikc1390
to hie one's waya1400
catchc1400
start?a1505
spur1513
hasten1534
to make speed1548
post1553
hurry1602
scud1602
curry1608
to put on?1611
properate1623
post-haste1628
whirryc1630
dust1650
kite1854
to get a move on1888
to hump it1888
belt1890
to get (or put) one's skates on1895
hotfoot1896
to rattle one's dags1968
shimmy1969
1650 H. Vaughan Silex Scintillans 55 Stick thou To thy sure trot..Let folly dust it on, or lag behind.
1860 Mesilla (Arizona) Times 18 Oct. 1/2 The ‘gold seekers’ thought prudence the better part of valor and ‘got up and dusted’.
1884 ‘Judge Wiglittle’ 10 Years Police Judge xvii. 166 He's throwing dust, but he dusted off with the horse all the same.
1888 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms II. xi. 190 And you're a going to dust out right away, you say?
1909 J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 120/2 I quickly got inside, locked the door, and dusted out the back way.
11. transitive. To drink quickly, ‘toss off’ (liquor).
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > move swiftly [verb (intransitive)]
lakeOE
flyOE
runOE
scour13..
jace1393
hie1398
spina1400
fleetc1400
glentc1400
stripc1400
suea1450
carryc1450
speed1488
scud1532
streek1598
winga1616
to clip it1616
hackney1617
swifta1618
whirryc1630
dust1673
whew1684
race1702
stroke1735
cut1797
spank1807
skid1815
speela1818
crack1824
skimmer1824
slap1827
clip1832
skeet1838
marvel1841
lick1850
travel1850
rush1852
zip1852
sail1876
rabbit1887
move1906
high-tail1908
to ball the jack1914
buzz1914
shift1922
giddap1938
burn1942
hoosh1943
bomb1966
shred1977
the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor > drink up or drain
quax1509
toom?a1513
quaff1534
to play off1598
upsy-friese1617
bumbaste1640
dust1673
fuddlec1680
whemmel1721
toota1774
buzz1785
kill1833
floor1837
lower1920
slam1982
1673 T. Shadwell Epsom-Wells iii, in Wks. (1720) II. 241 Clod~pate is to dust his stand of ale, and he must be bubbled.
a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) II. 447 A Prodigal..dusts his Estate, as they do a Stand of Ale in the North.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Dust it away, drink quick about.
12. to dust off.
a. intransitive. (See sense 10.)
b. transitive. = sense 6a (originally U.S.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > dusting > dust [verb (transitive)]
dust1568
undust1611
to dust off1948
1948 A. Huxley Ape & Essence (1949) 127 The charvessels can dust off the tables and wash the floors.
1959 Economist 18 Apr. 218/1 The clerics are..dusting off their copies of Fox's Book of Martyrs.
c. To bring to ruin, defeat, kill; to discard, get rid of. slang (originally U.S.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > bring to ruin or put an end to
undoc950
shendOE
forfarea1000
endc1000
to do awayOE
aquenchc1175
slayc1175
slayc1175
stathea1200
tinea1300
to-spilla1300
batec1300
bleschea1325
honisha1325
leesea1325
wastec1325
stanch1338
corrumpa1340
destroy1340
to put awayc1350
dissolvec1374
supplanta1382
to-shend1382
aneantizec1384
avoidc1384
to put outa1398
beshenda1400
swelta1400
amortizec1405
distract1413
consumec1425
shelfc1425
abroge1427
downthringc1430
kill1435
poisonc1450
defeat1474
perish1509
to blow away1523
abrogatea1529
to prick (also turn, pitch) over the perka1529
dash?1529
to bring (also send) to (the) pot1531
put in the pot1531
wipea1538
extermine1539
fatec1540
peppera1550
disappoint1563
to put (also set) beside the saddle1563
to cut the throat of1565
to throw (also turn, etc.) over the perch1568
to make a hand of (also on, with)1569
demolish1570
to break the neck of1576
to make shipwreck of1577
spoil1578
to knock on (in) the head (also rarely at head)1579
cipher1589
ruinate1590
to cut off by the shins1592
shipwreck1599
exterminate1605
finish1611
damnify1612
ravel1614
braina1616
stagger1629
unrivet1630
consummate1634
pulverizea1640
baffle1649
devil1652
to blow up1660
feague1668
shatter1683
cook1708
to die away1748
to prove fatal (to)1759
to knock up1764
to knock (or kick) the hindsight out or off1834
to put the kibosh on1834
to cook (rarely do) one's goose1835
kibosh1841
to chaw up1843
cooper1851
to jack up1870
scuttle1888
to bugger up1891
jigger1895
torpedo1895
on the fritz1900
to put paid to1901
rot1908
down and out1916
scuppera1918
to put the skids under1918
stonker1919
liquidate1924
to screw up1933
cruel1934
to dig the grave of1934
pox1935
blow1936
to hit for six1937
to piss up1937
to dust off1938
zap1976
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > get or be rid of
refusea1387
to be rid of (also on)c1450
beskyfte1470
to be, get shut of, (dialect) shut on?a1500
to claw off1514
get1558
to put away1577
to get rid of1591
quit1606
to get off with1719
ding1753
shoot1805
to stay shet of1837
shuck1848
shunt1858
shake1872
to dust off1938
1938 H. Asbury Sucker's Progress xii. 385 He had been dusted off by Vanderbilt.
1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §27/5 Eliminate; discard; get rid of,..dust off.
1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §118/3 Kill; murder,..dust off.
1960 Times 13 Dec. 4/1 They have always been dusted off in the inter~zone matches.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dustv.2

Forms: Past tense Middle English duste, deste.
Etymology: A Middle English word, of which the earlier history does not appear.The past tense deste beside duste , and the rhyme in Ferumbras, show that the u was ü , pointing to an Old English *dystan ( < *dustjan ), of which, however, no examples have been found. The Norse words cited by Mätzner, Icelandic dust a ‘tilt’, Swedish dust a ‘brush’ with any one, Danish dyst ‘tilting, fighting, shock’, appear to be later words, and are apparently not related. Of an Old English dystan , early Middle English düsten , the normal modern English representation would be dist ; but dust (compare blush v.) would also be possible; in which case senses 7 and 11, under dust v.1, may possibly belong here, though the wide chronological gap is against this.
Obsolete.
1.
a. transitive. To cast forcibly or violently, fling, dash.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > violently
dusta1225
stetec1330
swinga1400
whirra1400
wapc1440
whirlc1440
to throw off1551
swash1577
ding1614
bung1825
whither1825
a1225 St. Marher. 12 Ant duste him adunriht to þere eorðe.
a1225 St. Marher. 18 Þa warð þe reue wod, ant bed..dusten hire into þe grunde.
a1225 Leg. Kath. 984 Þu underfes þet an half, and dustes adun þet oðer.
a1225 Leg. Kath. 1094 He is godd seolf, þe duste deað under him.
a1225 Juliana 38 Ant te þreo children..beon idust in þe fur of þe ofne.
c1315 Shoreham 52 Thet..non harm hyne don deste, In mode.
b. intransitive. To dash, throw oneself violently.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of a person > headlong
castc1300
dustc1330
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2393 Vrgan lepe vnfain, Ouer þe bregge he deste.
2. To strike or hit with violence. See also dust v.1 7.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > strike with specific degree of force [verb (transitive)] > strike violently
to-slaya700
dusta1225
forsmitec1275
frush13..
pasha1450
whang1685
wham1925
a1225 Leg. Kath. 2025 Þis wes uneaðe iseid, þat an engel ne com..And duste hit [the wheel] a swuch dunt þat hit bigon to claterin.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2855 [He] heuid vp ys honde, & þar-wiþ an þe heued him duste [rhymes vuste ‘fist’].
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

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