单词 | dust |
释义 | dustn.1 1. a. Earth or other solid matter in a minute and fine state of subdivision, so that the particles are small and light enough to be easily raised and carried in a cloud by the wind; any substance comminuted or pulverized; powder. (Rarely in plural)Often extended to include ashes and other refuse from a house: cf. dustbin n., etc. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > [noun] > dust or fluff dustc825 mow?a1500 pelf1584 slut's wool1841 beggar's velvet1847 dowl1879 the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > [noun] > state of being powdery > dust dustc825 mulla1393 stourc1470 stuff1481 mouldera1552 stive1793 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > kind of earth or soil > [noun] > dust of the ground dustc825 ashc950 powderc1300 the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > [noun] > state of being powdery > dust > of the ground dustc825 c825 Vesp. Psalt. xvii[i]. 43 Swe swe dust biforan onsieme windes. c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 290 Gedrigede & to swyðe smælon duste gecnucude. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13799 Þenne he þat dust [c1300 Otho doust] heȝe aȝiueð from þere eorðe. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 108 Of motes and of doust wyþ oute tale. c1450 Two Cookery-bks. 112 Bray hem al to doust in a morter. 1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) xvii clix. sig. Tviiiv/1 Of the bowes & braunches therof [sc. Byrche] ben besomes made to swepe & to clense howses of duste [a1398 BL Add. poudre]. 1583 C. Hollyband Campo di Fior 367 Beate these upper hose that the dust maye come out. 1620 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 367 Presentmentes..for castinge theire dust and ashes into the highe way. 1760 J. Wesley Jrnl. 19 Aug. We had..showers, which..laid the dust. 1886 A. Winchell Walks & Talks in Geol. Field 212 Clouds of cosmic dust intervene between us and the sun. 1894 Daily News 26 June 8/3 Of the whole of the dusts tested, that from the Albion Colliery..excelled all others in violence and sensitiveness to explosion. b. The fine or small particles separated in any process: cf. sawdust n.; spec. (see quot. 1828). ΚΠ 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Duste of corne, mettall, or anye other thinge that commeth of wyth fylynge and clensing. 1598 Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1814) 179 (Jam.) Paying alss deir for dust and seidis as gif the samyn wes guid meill. 1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. iii. 17 It will..swimme vpon the water like dust of wood. 1811 T. Davis Gen. View Agric. Wilts. (new ed.) 266 Cave, or dust, the chaff of the wheat and oats which is generally given to the horse. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Dust, the small particles separated from the oats in the act of shelling. c. Applied to the pollen of flowers. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > stamen or pistil > pollen and related parts sandarac1623 globulet1671 powder1672 bread1682 farina1721 pollen1723 father-dust1728 rough wax1744 yellow rain1755 dust1776 fovilla1793 anther dust1797 pollen mass1828 pollen tube1830 intextine1835 pollen grain1835 pollen granule1835 exine1839 exintine1839 intine1839 pollinium1849 sulphur shower1854 pollinic mass1857 pollen chamber1863 smoke1868 pollen sac1872 pollinarium1881 sulphur rain1882 pollinic chamber1885 perine1895 pollen content1926 sculpturing1943 monad1947 nexine1948 sexine1948 1776 W. Withering Brit. Plants i. xxii The fine dust or meal that is contained in the Tips, is thrown upon the Summit of the Pointal. 1807 J. E. Smith Introd. Physiol. & Systematical Bot. 272 The Pollen, or Dust, is contained in the Anther. 1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 301 The butterfly and the bee..carry the fertilizing dust to the waiting stigma. 2. With a and plural. a. A grain of dust, a minute particle of dry matter. b. in Cookery, etc., a small ‘pinch’ of something in the form of powder. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a piece or bit > a particle grotc888 crumba1387 motec1390 particlea1398 pointa1400 specka1400 atomy1584 moment1594 dust1597 pickle1604 mite1605 atom1626 iota1636 ramentum1658 bodikin1668 part1669 dustling1674 scintilla1674 minim1686 fleck1753 molecule1799 heartbeat1855 particule1889 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. iii. 90 Why haue those banisht..legs, Dard once to touch a dust of Englands ground. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. i. 92 A graine, a dust, a gnat, a wandering haire. View more context for this quotation 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 105 'Tis impossible to put so much as one jot or dust unto bulk, beyond a set or bounded number. 1701 I. Watts True Monarchy in Horæ Lyricæ 52 Wealth and fame A bubble or a dust. 1795 M. Underwood Treat. Dis. Children (ed. 3) I. 62 With, or without a dust of grated nutmeg. a1854 C. A. Southey Poet. Wks. (1867) 50 If a mote, a hair, a dust prepond On Inclination's side, down drops the scale. c. (With a) A cloud of dust floating in the air, such as is raised by a vehicle driven or a crowd walking over dusty ground, or by sweeping, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > [noun] > state of being powdery > dust > cloud of cloud1382 stew1487 dust1581 pother1627 reek1854 calina1887 1581 [see sense 4]. 1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 188 Oh what a dust do I raise. 1806 Oracle in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1807) 10 53 To kick up the d——l of a dust in Rotten-row. 1897 N.E.D. at Dust Mod. What a dust you are making! 3. transferred and figurative (from 1.) a. That to which anything is reduced by disintegration or decay; spec. the ‘ashes’, or mouldered remains of a dead body. Also in phrases denoting the condition of being dead and buried ( laid in the dust, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > dead body > [noun] lichc893 dust?a1000 holdc1000 bonesOE stiff onea1200 bodyc1225 carrion?c1225 licham?c1225 worms' food or ware?c1225 corsec1250 ashc1275 corpsec1315 carcass1340 murraina1382 relicsa1398 ghostc1400 wormes warec1400 corpusc1440 scadc1440 reliefc1449 martc1480 cadaverc1500 mortc1500 tramort?a1513 hearse1530 bulk1575 offal1581 trunk1594 cadaverie1600 relicts1607 remains1610 mummya1616 relic1636 cold meat1788 mortality1827 death bone1834 deader1853 stiff1859 ?a1000 Martyrol. (E.E.T.S.) 74 Þæt hi mihton mid heora handum ræcan ond niman þæs halgan dustes. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 4124 Many [a day] hade i be ded and to dust roted. 1388 J. Wyclif Psalms xxi[i]. 16 Thou hast brouȝt forth me in to the dust of deth. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. i. 199 Why may not imagination trace the noble dust of Alexander, till a find it stopping a bunghole? View more context for this quotation 1676 I. Mather Hist. King Philip's War (1862) 38 That Great Author, unto whose dust..I owe a sacred Reverence. 1751 T. Gray Elegy xi. 7 Can Honour's voice provoke the silent dust. 1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 9 263 One, without whose friendly aid the hand which writes this would long since have been in the dust. 1869 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest III. xi. §2. 40 Worthier dust lies east and west of him. b. Applied to the mortal frame of man (usually in reference to Genesis ii. 7, iii. 19). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > [noun] lichamc888 bodyeOE earthOE lichOE bone houseOE dustc1000 fleshOE utter mana1050 bonesOE bodiȝlichc1175 bouka1225 bellyc1275 slimec1315 corpsec1325 vesselc1360 tabernaclec1374 carrion1377 corsec1386 personc1390 claya1400 carcass1406 lump of claya1425 sensuality?a1425 corpusc1440 God's imagea1450 bulka1475 natural body1526 outward man1526 quarrons1567 blood bulk1570 skinfula1592 flesh-rind1593 clod1595 anatomy1597 veil1598 microcosm1601 machine1604 outwall1608 lay part1609 machina1612 cabinet1614 automaton1644 case1655 mud wall1662 structure1671 soul case1683 incarnation1745 personality1748 personage1785 man1830 embodiment1850 flesh-stuff1855 corporeity1865 chassis1930 soma1958 c1000 Ælfric Genesis iii. 19 For þan þe þu eart dust, and to dust wyrst. c1000 Ælfric Genesis xviii. 27 Nu ic æne begann to sprecanne to minum Drihtene þonne ic eom dust and axe. a1175 Cott. Hom. 223 Þu æart dust, and þu awenst to duste. 1388 J. Wyclif Psalms cii[i]. 14 He bithouȝte that we ben dust. c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. ix. 76 Þouȝ I be dust & asshen. 1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Buriall f. xxiiii*v Earth to earth, asshes to asshes, dust to dust. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 11 How covetous, how proude is dust and ashes of dust and earth. 1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. ii. 133 The soul, that dwells within your dust. 1833 R. Grant in E. Bickersteth Chritian Psalmody 17 Frail children of dust—and feeble as frail. c. In phrases denoting a condition of humiliation. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > [noun] > humiliated condition powderc1300 dusta1340 abjection?a1425 abasement1567 abjectness1574 dejectedness1608 abjectedness1660 crestfallenness1859 a1340 R. Rolle Psalter Cant. 501 Raysand þe nedy out of dust. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxxi[i]. 9 His enemies shal licke the dust. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. iii. 29 Now France, thy glory droopeth to the dust . View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 416 The Power..That rais'd us from the dust and plac't us here. View more context for this quotation 1718 I. Watts Psalms of David li. iii. vi My soul lies humbled in the dust. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam Prol. p. v Thou wilt not leave us in the dust. 1894 C. N. Robinson Brit. Fleet 186 The Navy that..humbled to the dust the pride of France. d. As the type of that which is worthless. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > worthless hawc1000 turdc1275 fille1297 dusta1300 lead1303 skitc1330 naught1340 vanityc1340 wrakea1350 rushc1350 dirt1357 fly's wing1377 goose-wing1377 fartc1390 chaff?a1400 nutshella1400 shalec1400 yardc1400 wrack1472 pelfrya1529 trasha1529 dreg1531 trish-trash1542 alchemy1547 beggary?1548 rubbish1548 pelfa1555 chip1556 stark naught1562 paltry?1566 rubbish1566 riff-raff1570 bran1574 baggage1579 nihil1579 trush-trash1582 stubblea1591 tartar1590 garbage1592 bag of winda1599 a cracked or slit groat1600 kitchen stuff1600 tilta1603 nothing?1608 bauble1609 countera1616 a pair of Yorkshire sleeves in a goldsmith's shop1620 buttermilk1630 dross1632 paltrement1641 cattle1643 bagatelle1647 nothingness1652 brimborion1653 stuff1670 flap-dragon1700 mud1706 caput mortuuma1711 snuff1778 twaddle1786 powder-post1790 traffic1828 junk1836 duffer1852 shice1859 punk1869 hogwash1870 cagmag1875 shit1890 tosh1892 tripe1895 dreck1905 schlock1906 cannon fodder1917 shite1928 skunk1929 crut1937 chickenshit1938 crud1943 Mickey Mouse1958 gick1959 garbo1978 turd1978 pants1994 a1300 Cursor Mundi 23786 For a littel lust, A druri þat es bot a dust. 1576 A. Fleming tr. Hippocrates in Panoplie Epist. 282 Thus whiles they search for gold and silver, they search for dust and sand. 1694 Acct. Several Late Voy. (1711) ii. 168 A Long-boat he [the whale] values no more than Dust. 1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. ix. 296 The rights conferred by charter [were] treated as dust. e. In other figurative uses. ΚΠ 1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 382 Besprinkled with the powder, or dust of veniall imperfections. 1682 Earl of Anglesey in B. Whitelocke Memorials Eng. Affairs Publ. to Rdr. sig. B1 The dust of Action [had] never faln on his Gown. 1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 425 The very Dust of His Writings is Gold. f. dust and ashes (in allusion to the legend of the Dead Sea Fruit): used to indicate severe disappointment or disillusionment. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > disappointment > [noun] mazec1300 discomfiturea1400 delusiona1513 disappointing1533 disappointment1577 disappoint1642 heart-scald1888 dust and ashes1902 1902 W. James Varieties Relig. Experience vi. 143 Trustful self-abandonment to the joys that freely offer has entirely departed from both Epicurean and Stoic; and what each proposes is a way of rescue from the resultant dust-and-ashes state of mind. 1911 M. Beerbohm Zuleika Dobson xxi. 310 But there was no spark of triumph now in her eyes; only a deep melancholy; and in her mouth a taste as of dust and ashes. 1930 A. Huxley Vulgarity in Lit. iii. 13 The spirit of the time..demands that we should ‘press with strenuous tongue against our palate’ not only joy's grape, but every Dead Sea fruit. Even dust and ashes must be relished. 1945 A. Huxley Let. 2 Apr. (1969) 518 The most wildly romantic adventures all turned into dust and ashes. 4. Phrases. to shake the dust off one's feet (in allusion to Matthew x. 14, etc.). to throw dust in the eyes of: to confuse, mislead, or dupe by making ‘blind’ to the actual facts of the case. to bite the dust: to fall to the ground; esp. to fall wounded or slain (see also bite v. Phrases 2a). For other phrases, see senses 3, 5. ΚΠ c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) x. 14 Asceacaþ þæt dust of eowrum fotum. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. x. 14 Ȝee goynge forth fro that hous, or citee, smytith awey the dust fro ȝoure feet. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 27 b They doe nothing else but raise a dust to doe out their owne eies. 1612 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1849) (modernized text) I. 169 To countermine his underminers, and, as he termed it, to cast dust in their eyes. c1767 B. Franklin Wks. (1887) IV. 79 It required a long discourse to throw dust in the eyes of common sense. 1856 C. J. Andersson Lake Ngami 94 In the course of half an hour, he had twice bitten the dust. 1856 C. J. Andersson Lake Ngami 363 He..had made numerous lions bite the dust. 1862 J. W. Colenso Pentateuch 6 I was not able long to throw dust in the eyes of my own mind and do violence to the love of truth in this way. 5. a. figurative (from 2c.) Confusion, disturbance, commotion, turmoil (as of a conflict in which much dust is raised); formerly chiefly in to raise a dust, to make a disturbance; now only with conscious reference to the literal sense (except as in 5b). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > lack of peacefulness > cause a disturbance [verb (intransitive)] to raise a dust1649 to stir up a hornets' nest1740 row1797 to kick up a shindy1829 to raise Cain1840 to raise the mischief1840 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > confused sound > [verb (intransitive)] > uproar or tumult clamourc1400 rumblec1405 shout1513 racket1617 to keep a (bad, etc.) quarter1632 to raise a dust1649 obstreperate1765 row1797 uproar1834 to raise Cain1840 to raise the mischief1840 to raise (also lift) the roof1845 steven1855 tow-row1877 1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions iii. vii. 289 This particular concerning Tithes hath raised no little dust in the Church of God. 1700 T. Brown Amusem. Serious & Comical x. 118 That quarrel and raise a Dust about nothing. 1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron II. vii. iii. 129 We may perhaps raise a Dust and Dispute about Tenets purely verbal. 1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 161 Great contest follows, and much learned dust Involves the combatants. 1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 68 Entering heart and soul into the dust and heat of the Church's war with the world. b. Hence (slang or colloquial) A disturbance, uproar, ‘row’, ‘shindy’. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > commotion, disturbance, or disorder > [noun] > instance of viretotec1386 moving?a1439 reela1450 stir1487 songa1500 pirrie1536 hurly-burly1548 make-a-do1575 confusions1599 the hunt is upa1625 ruffle1642 fuss1701 fraction1721 fizza1734 dust1753 noration1773 steeriea1776 splorea1791 rook1808 piece of work1810 curfuffle1813 squall1813 rookerya1820 stushie1824 shindy1829 shine1832 hurroosh1836 fustle1839 upsetting1847 shinty1848 ructions1862 vex1862 houp-la1870 set-out1875 hoodoo1876 tingle-tangle1880 shemozzle1885 take-on1893 dust-up1897 hoo-ha1931 tra-la-la1933 gefuffle1943 tzimmes1945 kerfuffle1946 1753 A. Murphy Gray's Inn Jrnl. No. 50 Mr. Buck..will..then adjourn to kick up a Dust. 1774 Westm. Mag. 2 380 Several of the company, not satisfied..in the language of the Bucks, kicked up a dust. 1805 F. D. Romney in Naval Chron. 14 493 This dust has cut me up. 1843 T. De Quincey Ceylon in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 628/1 Soon there would be a dust with the new master. 6. slang. Money, cash; esp. in down with the (†your) dust. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > [noun] silverc825 feec870 pennieseOE wortheOE mintOE scata1122 spense?c1225 spendinga1290 sumc1300 gooda1325 moneya1325 cattlec1330 muckc1330 reasona1382 pecunyc1400 gilt1497 argentc1500 gelta1529 Mammon1539 ale silver1541 scruff1559 the sinews of war1560 sterling1565 lour1567 will-do-all1583 shell1591 trasha1592 quinyie1596 brass1597 pecuniary1604 dust1607 nomisma1614 countera1616 cross and pilea1625 gingerbreada1625 rhinoa1628 cash1646 grig1657 spanker1663 cole1673 goree1699 mopus1699 quid1699 ribbin1699 bustle1763 necessary1772 stuff1775 needfula1777 iron1785 (the) Spanish1788 pecuniar1793 kelter1807 dibs1812 steven1812 pewter1814 brad1819 pogue1819 rent1823 stumpy1828 posh1830 L. S. D.1835 rivetc1835 tin1836 mint sauce1839 nobbins1846 ochre1846 dingbat1848 dough1848 cheese1850 California1851 mali1851 ducat1853 pay dirt1853 boodle?1856 dinero1856 scad1856 the shiny1856 spondulicks1857 rust1858 soap1860 sugar1862 coin1874 filthy1876 wampum1876 ooftish1877 shekel1883 oil1885 oof1885 mon1888 Jack1890 sploshc1890 bees and honey1892 spending-brass1896 stiff1897 mazuma1900 mazoom1901 cabbage1903 lettuce1903 Oscar Asche1905 jingle1906 doubloons1908 kale1912 scratch1914 green1917 oscar1917 snow1925 poke1926 oodle1930 potatos1931 bread1935 moolah1936 acker1939 moo1941 lolly1943 loot1943 poppy1943 mazoola1944 dosh1953 bickies1966 lovely jubbly1990 scrilla1994 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Hiv Neuer wery to labour for this erthly dust and rychesse.] 1607 G. Wilkins Miseries Inforst Marriage in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) IX. 531 Come, down with your dust. 1691 H. Maydman in Naval Chron. 15 210 He..is not willing to down with his dust. 1753 T. Smollett Ferdinand Count Fathom I. xxiv. 156 I have more dust in my fob, than all these powdered sparks put together. a1845 T. Hood Dean & Chapter ii And make it come down with the dust. 1873 ‘J. Miller’ Life amongst Modocs (1876) iii. 56 ‘Why don't you pay me, and be off?’.. ‘Haven't got the dust. Can't liquidate.’ Thesaurus » Categories » 7. = dust-brand n. (In recent dictionaries.) Compounds C1. a. General attributive. Consisting of or relating to dust. dust-atomy n. ΚΠ 1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 58 Are not all equal as dust-atomies? dust-bath n. ΚΠ 1891 C. T. C. James Romantic Rigmarole 33 Taking a dust-bath there in the centre of the roadway. dust-cloud n. ΚΠ 1849 J. G. Whittier Wife of Manoah 16 The thick dust-cloud closed o'er all. dust-haze n. ΚΠ 1925 W. N. Shaw & J. S. Owens Smoke Probl. Great Cities x. 197 Smoke or dust is normally dispersed in an upward direction..and it is evident from ordinary observations of dust haze that the upper limit is sometimes very well defined. 1945 Finito! Po Valley Campaign 36 In the dust-haze..factories..collapsed in ruins. dust-heap n. (also figurative) ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] > heap or accumulation of middena1425 dust-heap1654 refuse heap1816 detritus1849 tip1863 dump1865 waste-heap1873 junkyard1885 slag heap1917 1654 J. Trapp Comm. Psalms xiii. 8 Such dust-heaps are found in every corner. 1901 Westm. Gaz. 1 May 3/2 The Salvation Army deserves to be helped in its work of sifting the dust-heap of our lowest social strata. 1940 R. G. Collingwood Ess. Metaphysics 120 The distinction between truth and falsehood is part of that antiquated lumber which has at last..been thrown on the dust-heap. dust-particle n. ΚΠ 1936 Discovery Nov. 348/1 The Aitken dust-counter has been considered by some to give counts too high for the actual dust particles. dust-screen n. ΚΠ 1899 W. H. Maxwell Removal of Town Refuse vii. 175 Dust screens are ineffective. 1918 W. Owen Let. 15 June (1967) 559 I have now a waterproof tent with long grass & buttercups all round to act as dustscreens. dust-spout n. ΚΠ 1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) xxxvi. 186 Two dust-spouts, tight and symmetrical chimneys, advanced. 1937 A. Huxley Let. 3 June (1969) 422 Western Texas, which we crossed in the midst of a premature heatwave (dust-spouts in a temperature of 105° in the shade). dust-whirl n. ΚΠ 1886 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 121 247 The formation of a dust-whirl as it suddenly bursts upon you in the open street. b. Used for the reception or conveyance of dust. dust-basket n. ΚΠ 1626 T. Loate in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. iv. 478 George's desk, and his sword, and a dust basket. dust-cart n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > refuse truck or cart pudding-cart1562 dust-cart1776 refuse cart1845 garbage truck1874 sanitation truck1958 1776 J. Entick Hist. London I. 187 A tumbrel or dust-cart. 1812 Sporting Mag. 39 21 Every species of carriage from the chariot to the dust-cart. dust-cellar n. dust-wharf n. ΚΠ 1887 Courier (Middlesex) 16 June 4/2 Mr. Coffin's offer to let or sell to the Board a dust wharf. dust-yard n. (also figurative) ΚΠ 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 216/1 The dust-yards must not be confounded with the ‘night-yards’. 1854 C. Dickens Hard Times ii. ix. 232 Her father was usually sifting and sifting at his parliamentary cinder-heap in London..and was still hard at it in the national dust-yard. 1904 Daily Chron. 27 Sept. 8/2 In a few odd corners of London there still exist dustyards in which the refuse of the great city is sifted and sorted. C2. Objective and objective genitive. a. dust-catcher n. ΚΠ 1939 D. R. G. Crawford Gas Producer Operator's Handbk. v. 70 The simple gas-cleaning plant..is for use..where a clean cool gas is required... Where hot raw gas is required the complete cleaning plant is replaced by a static dust-catcher. 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 273/1 Dust catcher, a chamber in which dust is extracted from furnace gases by causing a sudden change in the direction of the gas stream. 1953 D. J. O. Brandt Manuf. Iron & Steel viii. 64 This will normally lead direct to the dust-catcher. dust-collector n. dust-contractor n. ΚΠ 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 168/1 These dust-contractors are likewise the contractors for the cleansing of the streets. dust-shovelling n. dust-sifter n. ΚΠ 1889 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Mar. 3/1 The female dust-sifters had just completed their ablutions. dust-sifting n. dust-throwing n. ΚΠ 1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 26 Aug. 2/3 The Ottoman art of dust-throwing in the eyes of Europe. b. dust-catching adj. ΚΠ 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 428/1 A dust-catching apparatus has been..erected at Edinburgh. dust-free adj. ΚΠ 1925 W. N. Shaw & J. S. Owens Smoke Probl. Great Cities xi. 211 When breathing dust-laden air, it is only after long periods of quiet breathing that the air from the deep parts of the lungs is dust free. 1934 Discovery July 184/1 Bringing the surfaces together in a clean and dust-free condition. dust-laying adj. ΚΠ 1899 Westm. Gaz. 18 July 2/1 Water-carts sprayed the road with grateful dust-laying streams. 1902 Westm. Gaz. 11 Sept. 7/3 Oil is the latest dust-laying agent. dust-licking adj. ΚΠ 1808 R. A. D. To France in Poet. Reg. 1806–7, 170 Blood-drinking tyrants, or dust-licking slaves! dust-producing adj. ΚΠ 1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 10 Aug. 5/1 Operatives engaged in dust-producing trades. dust-proof adj. ΚΠ 1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Agric. 1868 15 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc.) XV The museum has been partly filled with absolutely dust-proof cases. 1882 Leisure Hour 414/2 The fittings are massive and dust-proof. 1898 J. Southward Mod. Printing I. iv. 26 One of the most useful recent innovations is to make the racks ‘dust-proof’. 1903 R. L. McCardell Conversat. Chorus Girl 29 He had on one of them dust-proof Bennys that delegates to Granger conventions wear. 1934 Archit. Rev. 75 142/2 Dust-proof electric light fittings are available. dust-raising adj. ΚΠ 1903 B. Harraden Kathleen Frensham 272 A long, straggling, dust-raising line of about 50 conveyances. 1908 Westm. Gaz. 22 Dec. 4/2 On the mere off~chance of minimising in an infinitesimal degree their dust-raising propensities. 1963 P. Drackett Motor Rallying i. 10 There were even dust-raising tests and noise checks. C3. Instrumental and locative. dust-begrimed adj. ΚΠ 1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. xi. 339 Blood-stained and dust-begrimed. dust-born adj. ΚΠ 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 317 Till..Death..Thy dust-borne body turne to dust againe. dust-clogged adj. ΚΠ 1894 H. Nisbet Bush Girl's Romance xxxi. 293 The bushranger's dust-clogged brow became corrugated. dust-covered adj. ΚΠ a1847 E. Cook Old Clock i Thy dust-covered face. dust-creeping adj. ΚΠ a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. i. sig. O2v Such a dust-creeping worme as I am. dust-filled adj. ΚΠ 1908 Westm. Gaz. 25 July 3/2 A man with a dust-filled throat. dust-laden adj. ΚΠ a1847 E. Cook Grandfather's Stick xi The dust-laden carpets. dust-polluted adj. dust-soiled adj. C4. Similative. a. dust-dry adj. ΚΠ 1879 R. Browning Ned Bratts in Idyls I. 4 Ponds drained dust-dry. dust-grey adj. ΚΠ 1882 ‘Ouida’ In Maremma I. 51 The misty scorching dust-grey shores. dust-white adj. ΚΠ 1923 E. Sitwell Bucolic Comedies 48 And in the street dust-white and lean, Two black apes bear her palanquin. 1938 W. de la Mare Memory & Other Poems 16 Dust-white hedge. b. dust-like adj. ΚΠ 1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania 227 Dust-like Dispaire may with me liue. C5. Categories » dust-ball n. a concretion of the dust of corn sometimes formed in the intestine of the horse, and giving rise to disease. dust-blister n. a blister in a rubber tyre caused by the entry of dust into a cut. ΚΠ 1897 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport I. 283/1 Dust blisters occur from the entry of dust into a neglected cut. dust-bowl n. originally U.S. a region subject to drought where, as a result of the loss or absence of plant cover, the wind has eroded the soil and made the land unproductive; hence, any region that is arid or unproductive; also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > wild or uncultivated land > [noun] > barren land or desert > waterless droughta1000 dryheada1300 drynessa1398 carbuncle1577 jornada1828 thirst-land1878 dry land1893 thirst-country1895 thirst1906 dry1909 dust-bowl1936 1936 Durant (Okla.) Daily Democrat 26 Mar. 1/7 The panhandle ‘dustbowl’ was outside the path of the wind. 1936 Dallas Morning News 26 Dec. They say he nearly defeated himself by urging Landon's election among the dust bowl farmers. 1937 Ann. Reg. 1936 288 Some pastoral areas where over-feeding of live-stock had completely killed the pasturage were called ‘dust-bowls’. 1951 B. Russell New Hopes for Changing World 33 Will all the arable land be turned into dust-bowls as it has been in large parts of the United States? 1959 Listener 20 Aug. 276/1 A more depressing picture, widely supported at the present time, is that Venus is an arid dust-bowl. dust-brush n. a brush for removing dust from furniture, etc. ΚΠ 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Dust-brush. dust-cap n. a cap (cap n.1 12) to protect something from dust. ΚΠ 1898 Springtime Apr. 103/1 There are..five separate pieces in the dust-cap alone. 1930 Engineering 16 May 647/1 After screwing down the needle valve, disconnecting the pump and screwing on the dust cap, the strut is ready for use. dust-chamber n. (in an ore-roasting furnace) a closed chamber in which the heavier products of combustion are collected. dust-cloak n. a cloak worn to keep off the dust (so dust-coat, dust-gown, dust-wrap). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > for specific purpose masque1577 mourning cloak1610 coach-cloak1705 domino1719 rochet1728 watch-cloak1814 opera cloak1836 railway wrapper1846 duster1864 sortie de bal1864 dust-cloak1883 Venetian1891 gas cape1940 1883 Truth 31 May 768/1 With our dust-cloaks and some yards each of brown gauze, we defied the great Dust Demon. dust-cloth n. (a) a cloth for wiping off dust (= duster n. 1); (b) a cloth placed over something to keep off dust. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > dusting > [noun] > implements dusting-cloth1667 dust-cloth1727 dustera1748 dustpan1785 feather-duster1858 selvyt1891 plumet1902 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Draught horse They must with a Dust-cloth wipe off all the Dust that lies on the Horse. 1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket v. ii. 184 A slut whose fairest linen seems Foul as her dust-cloth, if she used it. dust-coat n. see dust-cloak n. above. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > coat > types of > for specific purpose > other dust-coat1702 hunting-coat1789 pinkc1791 reading-coat1830 wedding-coat1838 zephyr1843 lab coat1895 tea-coat1899 stroller1901 bridge coat1905 sport coat1917 sportster1929 laboratory coatc1936 car coat1956 1702 C. Fiennes Journeys (1947) 261 The wind soone dry'd my dust coate. 1872 Punch 6 July 7/1 He arrives in a white dustcoat. 1916 H. G. Wells Mr. Britling sees it Through i. iii. 80 A lady in a motoring dust coat. 1916 H. G. Wells Mr. Britling sees it Through i. iii. 86 The dust-coat lady. 1968 J. Ironside Fashion Alphabet 39 Dust-coat, any lightweight coat worn mainly to protect the clothes and not necessarily for warmth. dust-colour n. the colour of the ordinary dust of the ground, a dull light brown; hence dust-coloured adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [noun] > light brown dust-colour1607 milk chocolate1723 café au lait1763 whitey-brown1858 biscuit1879 rachel1880 bisque1891 lobster bisque1895 toast-colour1898 parchment1904 toast1922 suntan1923 milk coffee1972 the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [adjective] > light brown parchment1597 whited brown1650 whitey-brown1658 coffee-coloured1695 dust-coloured1800 ochre-brown1853 blonde1866 biscuit1875 weedy-brown1886 mousy1888 bisque1890 toast-coloured1898 suntan1923 sunblush1930 rachel1951 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 3 Apes..both Redde, blacke, greene, dust-colour, and white ones. 1800 R. Bloomfield Summer in Farmer's Boy 31 The small dust-coloured beetle. 1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations III. iv. 68 A man in a dust-coloured dress. dust-core n. a core of magnetic powder in which the electrically insulating properties of the binding agent result in reduced core losses. ΚΠ 1920 U.S. Pat. 1,523,109 Telephone loading coil cores of the so-called ‘dust’ type.] 1924 S. R. Roget Dict. Electr. Terms 70/1 Dust core, an iron core for induction in telephone lines in which eddy current and hysteresis losses are negligible. 1928 Trans. Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 47 436/2 The commercial use of permalloy-dust-core loading coils..has brought about a number of very important improvements. 1954 E. Molloy Radio & Television Engineers' Ref. Bk. xxx. 11 Cores made of ferrites..are commercially available now, and but for their high cost would have replaced the dust core over the frequency range in which they are advantageous. 1970 D. F. Shaw Introd. Electronics (ed. 2) v. 87 These materials [sc. ferrites] have many advantages over the earlier ‘dust-core’ materials. dust-counter n. an instrument for counting the dust particles in a known volume of air. ΚΠ 1892 J. Aitken in Proc. Royal Soc. Edinb. XVIII. 39 A simple pocket dust-counter. dust cover n. a cover to protect something from dust; spec. a detachable paper cover or jacket in which a new book is normally issued and which often contains information about the book or its author; also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > cover > wrapper or loose cover wrapper1806 fall1837 book wrapper1844 jacket1850 book jacket1859 chemise1893 dust cover1902 book folder1925 dust jacket1928 dust-wrapper1932 1902 D. Salomons in A. C. Harmsworth et al. Motors & Motor-driving (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) vi. 95 Every car should have mackintosh raincovers..; also dust-covers, which are useful on many occasions. 1921 Sat. Westm. Gaz. 17 Sept. 14/1 The dust-cover..suggests that the book will be of service not only in schools but also as ‘an entertainment for home-reading’. 1923 Times Lit. Suppl. 22 Feb. 126/1 The lurid dust cover. 1942 ‘N. Shute’ Pied Piper 49 Dozing uneasily in the chair, half-covered by the dust-cover from the bed. 1962 Which? Car Suppl. Oct. 138/2 Rubber dust covers on front brake cylinders disintegrated. 1968 Listener 1 Aug. 144/2 Soon after you came back from your recent honeymoon, your wife was quoted in one newspaper as saying that she must help you to take the dust covers off certain areas of your personality. dust-cup n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 99 Dust Cup,..a guard fitted round the fusee arbors of watches and chronometers to exclude dirt. dust-destructor n. see destructor n. 2. dust-devil n. see devil n. 12. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > dry weather or climate > [noun] > dust-storm or sand-storm > dust-spout or sand-spout whirl-spout1737 devil1813 sand-spouta1849 sand-pillar1879 dust-devil1888 sand-devil1901 whirly-whirly1928 sand-smoke1930 1888 R. Kipling False Dawn in Plain Tales from Hills 43 We rushed through the wheeling choking ‘dust-devils’ in the skirts of the flying storm. 1892 R. Kipling Barrack-room Ballads 77 It's up and over the Tongue of Jagai, as blown dust-devils go. 1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) xxxvi. 185 At last I saw that part of the yellow cloud off Serd was coming slowly against the wind in our direction, raising scores of dust devils before its feet. 1955 H. Klein Winged Courier vii. 46 The airmen experienced a new African flying hazard in the form of dust devils, some of which rose as high as 8,000 ft. dust-flow n. a stream or landslide of volcanic ashes saturated with water. ΚΠ 1904 Science 1 July 24/2 Clouds of steam rising from the crater, accompanied from time to time by dust-flows. ΚΠ 1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 117 A..way of washing out very small Dust-gold. dust-gown n. see dust-cloak n. above. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > robe or gown > types of > other stolec950 paramentc1385 stolea1387 vestmentc1386 chimer1487 shemewe1517 parliament1537 Turkey gown1558 slop1570 blue gown1578 dolman1585 palliament1593 synthesis1606 vest1613 paramentoa1640 brandenburgh1676 khilat1684 spagnoleta1685 sultanea1685 sultana1693 garter-robes1702 under-robe1725 wrapper1725 stola1728 talar1738 negligée1755 jama1776 dust-gown1802 yukata1822 manga1824 gandoura1851 pheran1851 riga1851 shamma1862 choga1869 kanzu1870 kimono1886 holoku1893 mammy-cloth1952 1802 J. West Infidel Father I. 23 Her homespun dust-gown. dust-guard n. a contrivance to keep off dust from the axle and bearings of a wheel, or on a bicycle from the dress of the rider. ΚΠ 1888 Engineer LXV. 297 The dust-guard is made of sycamore wood, and is either in one or two parts. dust-hole n. a hole or receptacle in which dust and refuse are collected, a dust-bin. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > place for disposing of refuse > hole or pit windolf14.. slut-hole1585 dust-hole1811 shoddy-hole1845 1811 L.-M. Hawkins Countess & Gertrude I. xxii. 370 Dust hole. 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 5 A rakish-looking cat..bounding first on the water-butt, then on the dusthole. dust jacket n. = jacket n. 11a (cf. dust cover n.). ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > cover > wrapper or loose cover wrapper1806 fall1837 book wrapper1844 jacket1850 book jacket1859 chemise1893 dust cover1902 book folder1925 dust jacket1928 dust-wrapper1932 1928 S. J. Looker's Booklover's Catal. Jan. 5 The Life and Letters of Emily Dickinson..in dust jacket. 1928 Observer 24 June 8 The book is sent out by Constable's in a particularly attractive dust-jacket. 1957 Times 25 Nov. 11/3 Henry Fielding's Tom Jones in a practical transparent dust jacket at 12s. 6d. dust-louse n. an insect of the genus Psocus. dustpan n. (also dust-pan) a utensil for catching dust as it is swept from a floor, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > dusting > [noun] > implements dusting-cloth1667 dust-cloth1727 dustera1748 dustpan1785 feather-duster1858 selvyt1891 plumet1902 1785 F. Hopkinson Misc. Ess. (1792) II. 158 It was soon after swept out with the common dirt of the room, and carried in a dust pan to the yard. 1841 A. Bache Fire-screen 68 She brought in a dust-pan and brush. 1856 C. Dickens Little Dorrit (1857) i. xxv. 223 Ladies would fly out at their doors crying, ‘Mr. Baptist—tea-pot!’ ‘Mr. Baptist—dust-pan!’ 1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations I. xii. 207 She..got out the dustpan..and began cleaning up to a terrible extent. 1966 J. Betjeman High & Low 17 Brooms and plastic dustpans hang from the ceiling. dustpanful n. as much as a dust-pan will hold. ΚΠ 1882 F. A. Kemble Rec. Later Life I. 60 Three and four dustpanfuls a day would be swept away. 1965 M. Echard I met Murder (1967) xvii. 137 The maid told me she swept up dead roaches by the dustpanful. dust-plate n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 130 Dust-plate, a vertical iron plate, supporting the slag-runner of an iron blast furnace. dust-sheet n. a sheet for covering furniture or the like to keep off dust (cf. quot. 1861 at sheet n.1 1b). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > miscellaneous articles to protect from dirt > [noun] crumb-cloth1843 wrapper1847 dust-sheet1854 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > [noun] > protective covering or pad wrapper1847 dust-sheet1854 furniture-pad1874 1854 E. C. Gaskell Let. 17 May (1966) 290 Not even a book to beguile the time—five fathoms deep they lie beneath dust-sheets. 1907 Westm. Gaz. 17 Aug. 4/3 The big town-house was depressing in its shroud of dust-sheets. 1928 Daily Mail 25 July 4/2 Hundreds of dust sheets, 2 yards wide by 2¾ yards long, for covering furniture, are being sold by a West End firm. 1936 W. de la Mare Wind blows Over 159 Having muffled the furniture with their sepulchral dust-sheets. dust-sheeted adj. covered or provided with a dust-sheet. ΚΠ 1917 C. S. Lewis Let. 18 July (1966) 38 Some of the rooms were all dust-sheeted. dust-shoot n. a place where dust and refuse are shot or deposited. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > place for disposing of refuse Tophet1382 shooting-ground1835 shoot1851 dumping-ground1857 dump1872 toom1882 dust-shoot1883 coup1886 nuisance ground1889 tip1890 1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 27 Dec. 12/1 Each tenement has a separate..coal-place, copper and dust-shoot. dust-shot n. the smallest size of shot. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shot collectively > shot > small pellet1372 die?c1390 hail-shot1485 die-shot1581 dice-shot1588 birdshot1626 key-shot1648 mould shot1675 cartridge-shot1690 small shot1727 drop1753 shot-cornc1792 dust-shot1800 sparrow-hail1859 steel1898 scattershot1961 1800 Sporting Mag. 16 273 Used to kill small birds for their plumage, with dust shot. 1863 H. W. Bates Naturalist on River Amazons II. iv. 257 Mine was a double-barrel, with one charge of BB and one of dust-shot. ΚΠ 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. ii. 417 See..these dust-spawne, feeble, Dwarfes. dust-storm n. a tempest in which large clouds of dust are raised and carried along. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > dry weather or climate > [noun] > dust-storm or sand-storm sandstorm1774 dust-storm1879 shaitan1883 shower1898 1879 Mrs. A. G. F. E. James Indian Househ. Managem. xii. 82 Dust-storms come on often very quickly. 1936 ‘F. Gerald’ Millionaire in Mem. ii. 42 At Port Pirie a dust-storm swept down upon us. ΚΠ 1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xi. sig. I6 Poore dust-temper'd Man. dust-thread n. nonce-word applied to the stamens of flowers, as respectively producing and conveying the pollen (see sense 1c). ΚΠ 1879 J. Grant in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 95/1 He showed that the stamina, or dust-threads, were the male, and the pistilla, or dust-ways, the female parts of the plants. dust-trap n. something in or on which dust collects; also attributive. ΚΠ 1905 Daily Chron. 17 Apr. 8/2 Fussy, dust-trap trimming near the hem. 1906 Westm. Gaz. 15 Jan. 2/1 Hailstones, the slowly falling flakes of snow, drops of rain, are literally dust-traps. 1967 R. Rendell New Lease of Death i. 8 The primrose venetian blinds..were dust-traps. dust-way n. applied to the pistils of flowers, as respectively producing and conveying the pollen (see sense 1c).Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1879 J. Grant in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 95/1 He showed that the stamina, or dust-threads, were the male, and the pistilla, or dust-ways, the female parts of the plants. dust-wind n. a wind bringing dust-storms. ΚΠ 1901 Geogr. Jrnl. 18 91 Observations, outline and relief of the region,..temperature in the interior, dust-winds, temperatures of wells and springs [etc.]. dust-woman n. a woman employed in sifting dust and refuse. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > one who > one who sifts refuse dust-woman1851 refuse sifter1884 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 162/1 The calling of the dustman and dustwoman is not so much as noticed in the population returns. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > low or vulgar person > [noun] gadlinga1300 geggea1300 churlc1300 filec1300 jot1362 scoutc1380 beggara1400 carla1400 turnbroach14.. villainc1400 gnoffc1405 fellowc1425 cavelc1430 haskardc1487 hastardc1489 foumart1508 strummel?a1513 knapper1513 hogshead?1518 jockeya1529 dreng1535 sneakbill1546 Jack1548 rag1566 scald1575 huddle and twang1578 sneaksby1580 companion1581 lowling1581 besognier1584 patchcock1596 grill1597 sneaksbill1602 scum1607 turnspit1607 cocoloch1610 compeer1612 dust-worm1621 besonioa1625 world-worma1625 besognea1652 gippo1651 Jacky1653 mechanic1699 fustya1732 grub-worm1752 raff1778 person1782 rough scuff1816 spalpeen1817 bum1825 sculpin1834 soap-lock1840 tinka1843 'Arry1874 scruff1896 scruffo1959 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. iii. xii. 155 Never satisfied, a slaue, a wretch, a dustworm. dust-wrap n. see dust-cloak n. above. dust-wrapper n. = wrapper n. 1b (cf. dust cover n.). ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > cover > wrapper or loose cover wrapper1806 fall1837 book wrapper1844 jacket1850 book jacket1859 chemise1893 dust cover1902 book folder1925 dust jacket1928 dust-wrapper1932 1932 Book-Collector's Q. Apr. 10 The somewhat more humble ‘dust-wrapper’ is to be found in the catalogues of the greater and more conscious booksellers. 1934 Punch 24 Oct. 476/2 The love-interest which I guessed (from the dust-wrapper) must be contained somewhere. Draft additions 1993 An act of dusting or of cleaning by wiping away the dust. colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > dusting > [noun] > act of dust1972 1972 F. Warner Maquettes 16 Could do with a dust, this place. 1980 P. Lively in P. Woodford You can't keep out Darkness 158 It's as much as I can manage to have a dust of the ornaments just now. Draft additions March 2006 dust bunny n. colloquial (chiefly North American) a ball of dust and fluff, of a type often found behind or beneath furniture. ΚΠ 1952 Newark (Ohio) Advocate & Amer. Tribune 25 June 4/4 He [sc. a child] can be happy enough if there are occasional dust bunnies under the bed, but he will be miserable indeed if we neglect to safeguard his place in a free society. 2001 H. Holmes Secret Life Dust i. 12 The dust bunnies that skulk beneath the couch and behind the refrigerator contain everything from space diamonds to Saharan dust to the bones of dinosaurs. Draft additions December 2003 dust mite n. = house-dust mite n. at house dust n. Compounds. ΚΠ 1973 Practitioner May 664 (title) Dust-mite urticaria. 1996 S. Lavery et al. Hamlyn Encycl. Complementary Health 7 One theory is that childhood asthma is on the increase because of increased traffic fumes, and also dust mites that are present in everybody's homes. Draft additions March 2012 dust tail n. Astronomy a cometary tail composed of ejected dust particles, typically broad and somewhat curved; also called type II tail; cf. ion tail n. at ion n. Compounds 2.Dust tails appear yellow or luminous as a result of reflected sunlight. ΚΠ 1960 Vistas in Astron. 3 143 A feature of the dust tail warranting more attention was its peculiar streaked appearance on 13 and 14 August 1957. 1972 Science 9 Feb. 566 Comet 1970 II..became a spectacular object visible to the naked eye..when it displayed a straight narrow plasma tail and a huge moderately curved dust tail. 2001 M. D. Reynolds Falling Stars i. 7 In 1997 Comet Hale-Bopp..exhibited both a spectacular blue gas tail and a yellow dust tail. Draft additions June 2016 the dust settles and variants: things quieten down or enough time passes to allow for reflection; frequently used with reference to the resolution or outcome of a conflict, dispute, etc. Cf. sense 5a.Often in temporal clauses introduced by as soon as, when, until, etc. ΚΠ 1868 C. J. Lever Bramleighs liii. 160 Patience, kind neighbors; do but let the dust settle after the struggle. 1879 Inter Ocean (Chicago) 23 Aug. 4/3 As soon as the dust settles people will begin to see that the Democratic party of Illinois is not as happy as birds in the same nest. 1891 Musical News 8 May 193/2 ‘When the dust has settled’, and one comes to think over the results of all this..well-directed labour.., the dominant remaining thought is a recognition of the educational value of the competitions. 1912 F. W. Boreham Luggage of Life iii. vii. 220 Now that all the dust has settled, what is the truth? 1937 N.Y. Herald Tribune 28 Aug. 14/1 After the dust had settled he and Ernest Hemingway, the slaphappy litterateur, toured Spain together. 1982 M. Leigh Goose-pimples ii, in Abigail's Party & Goose-pimples (1983) 129 Frankie : But you could've phoned me, Ver; it's been three weeks. Vernon : I told you, Frankie: I wanted to let the dust settle; right? 2003 J. Dawson & S. Propes 45 RPM iii. 22 America's third largest record company, Decca, announced early that it would continue exclusively with the 10-inch 78 and stay out of the fray until the dust settled. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2021). † dustn.2 Obsolete. rare. A stroke, blow. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > [noun] > a stroke or blow dintc897 swengOE shutec1000 kill?c1225 swipc1275 stroke1297 dentc1325 touchc1325 knock1377 knalc1380 swapc1384 woundc1384 smitinga1398 lush?a1400 sowa1400 swaipa1400 wapc1400 smita1425 popc1425 rumbelowc1425 hitc1450 clope1481 rimmel1487 blow1488 dinga1500 quartera1500 ruska1500 tucka1500 recounterc1515 palta1522 nolpc1540 swoop1544 push1561 smot1566 veny1578 remnant1580 venue1591 cuff1610 poltc1610 dust1611 tank1686 devel1787 dunching1789 flack1823 swinge1823 looder1825 thrash1840 dolk1861 thresh1863 mace-blow1879 pulsation1891 nosebleeder1921 slosh1936 smackeroo1942 dab- 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Excez de main non garnie,..a cuffe, or dust with the fist. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2021). dustv.1ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > dirtiness or soiling with specific kinds of dirt > be or become dirty or soiled with specific kinds of dirt [verb (intransitive)] > be dusty dust?c1225 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 233 Ȝef hit dusteð swiðe. ha fleskeð water & swopeð ut. a. transitive. To reduce to dust, or to small particles like dust. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > form into grains or granules [verb (transitive)] > make into powder or dust powdera1400 pulverize?a1425 pulverc1425 dustc1440 pulverizate1598 rub1607 pulverate1615 triturate1755 triture1773 powderize1903 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 135/2 Dustyn, pulverizo. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Pouldrer, to dust. 1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica iii. ii. 417 He can crumble a Showr into a Drisle, or Dust it into a Fog. b. intransitive. To crumble to dust. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > decompose, crumble, or melt away melteOE fleetc1384 dissolvec1420 unbindc1450 loosec1480 moulder1531 mirtlec1540 mould1542 moulter1568 mutter1609 mosker1612 disband1633 dust1636 dissipatea1676 deliquesce1792 decompose1793 disintegrate1817 1636 W. Denny in Ann. Dubrensia sig. C2v When thy name fades; Marble-pillars shall Dust into nothing. 3. a. transitive. To sprinkle with dust or powder. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > sprinkle > sprinkle (a surface) with something > with any powder powderc1380 empowder1548 dust1591 over-dredge1594 dredge1596 1591 R. Greene Second Pt. Conny-catching sig. D3v Hee being thus dusted with meale. 1764 T. Harmer Observ. Passages Script. xxix. vi. 288 Shimei's behaviour..who..threw stones, and dusted him with dust. 1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper ii. 29 Dust them well with Flour. 1859 J. E. Tennent Ceylon II. viii. v. 367 Dusting themselves with sand. b. reflexive. Of birds; also intransitive for reflexive. ΚΠ 1771 G. White Let. 12 Feb. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 141 Let me hear..whether skylarks do not dust. 1872 W. Black Strange Adventures Phaeton x. 144 The partridges that were dusting themselves in the road. 1884 T. Speedy Sport in Highlands xv. 267 [Partridges] prefer, as a rule, places where they can ‘dust’ and bask in the sun. c. to dust the eyes of (figurative: see dust n.1 4); also (slang or colloquial) to dust, in same sense. ΚΠ 1814 Stock Exchange Law Open 11 This is termed ‘Dusting the public’. 1867 J. A. Froude Ess. 401 Instead of dusting our eyes with sophistry. 4. a. To soil with dust; to make dusty. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > dirtiness or soiling with specific kinds of dirt > dirty or soil with specific kinds of dirt [verb (transitive)] > make dusty bedust1530 dust1530 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 530/2 You have dusted your cappe, let one go brusshe it. 1624 R. Skynner Let. in R. Parr Life J. Usher (1686) Coll. cii. 354 Dust thy self in the dust of their Feet. 1849 J. A. Froude Nemesis of Faith 154 We go out..and dust our feet along its thoroughfares. 1886 A. Lang Lett. to Dead Authors 194 Dusting your ruffles among the old volumes on the sunny stalls. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > dirtiness or soiling with specific kinds of dirt > be or become dirty or soiled with specific kinds of dirt [verb (intransitive)] > be dusty > become dusty dust1625 1625 J. Phillips Way to Heaven 52 The Booke..lay dusting and out of vse. 5. To strew or sprinkle as dust. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > sprinkle > (as) specific substance powderc1400 snewc1440 sinapize1653 dust1790 pepper1821 1790 Wedgwood in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 80 314 (note) A little of it is applied, or even dusted only, on the bottom of a small cup made of clay. 1806 ‘Ignotus’ Culina (ed. 3) 74 Dust in a little flour. 1884 G. H. Boughton in Harper's Mag. Sept. 528/1 We never dusted on enough [pepper] to please him. 6. a. To free from dust; to wipe or brush off the dust from. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > dusting > dust [verb (transitive)] dust1568 undust1611 to dust off1948 1568 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes (1619) 708/2 The French riddles (with which they dust their corne). a1577 G. Gascoigne Hundred Flowers in Wks. (1587) 180 Yea when he curried was and dusted slike and trimme. 1713 Guardian 20 May 1/2 It became my Province once a Week to dust them [sc. books]. 1843 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 267 I went about sweeping and dusting. 1894 H. Caine Manxman 52 [She] was..dusting the big shells on the mantelpiece. b. to dust a person's coat, etc.: to beat him soundly. colloquial. (Cf. sense 7.)See also to dust a person's jacket at jacket n. Phrases 3. ΚΠ 1690 W. Walker Idiomatologia Anglo-Lat. 154 I'll dust your coat for you. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 231 With a good oak sapling he dusted his doublet. 7. a. transitive. To beat, thrash. Now colloquial or dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > beat [verb (transitive)] > specifically a person to-beatc893 threshOE bustc1225 to lay on or upon?c1225 berrya1250 to-bunea1250 touchc1330 arrayc1380 byfrapc1380 boxc1390 swinga1400 forbeatc1420 peal?a1425 routa1425 noddlea1450 forslinger1481 wipe1523 trima1529 baste1533 waulk1533 slip1535 peppera1550 bethwack1555 kembc1566 to beat (a person) black and blue1568 beswinge1568 paik1568 trounce1568 canvass1573 swaddle?1577 bebaste1582 besoop1589 bumfeage1589 dry-beat1589 feague1589 lamback1589 clapperclaw1590 thrash1593 belam1595 lam1595 beswaddle1598 bumfeagle1598 belabour1600 tew1600 flesh-baste1611 dust1612 feeze1612 mill1612 verberate1614 bethumpa1616 rebuke1619 bemaul1620 tabor1624 maula1627 batterfang1630 dry-baste1630 lambaste1637 thunder-thump1637 cullis1639 dry-banga1640 nuddle1640 sauce1651 feak1652 cotton1654 fustigate1656 brush1665 squab1668 raddle1677 to tan (a person's) hide1679 slam1691 bebump1694 to give (a person) his load1694 fag1699 towel1705 to kick a person's butt1741 fum1790 devel1807 bray1808 to beat (also scare, etc.) someone's daylights out1813 mug1818 to knock (a person) into the middle of next week1821 welt1823 hidea1825 slate1825 targe1825 wallop1825 pounce1827 to lay into1838 flake1841 muzzle1843 paste1846 looder1850 frail1851 snake1859 fettle1863 to do over1866 jacket1875 to knock seven kinds of —— out of (a person)1877 to take apart1880 splatter1881 to beat (knock, etc.) the tar out of1884 to —— the shit out of (a person or thing)1886 to do up1887 to —— (the) hell out of1887 to beat — bells out of a person1890 soak1892 to punch out1893 stoush1893 to work over1903 to beat up1907 to punch up1907 cream1929 shellac1930 to —— the bejesus out of (a person or thing)1931 duff1943 clobber1944 to fill in1948 to bash up1954 to —— seven shades of —— out of (a person or thing)1976 to —— seven shades out of (a person or thing)1983 beast1990 becurry- fan- society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > administer corporal punishment [verb (transitive)] > beat > soundly or severely anointa1500 peppera1550 bumbastea1566 dust1612 blue-beata1627 cullis1639 chafe1673 to tan (a person's) hide1679 1612 Mr. King tr. Benvenuto Passenger i. i. 51 If..she be good, to dust her often, hath in it, a singular,..vertue to make her much better. 1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn xxxix. 333 So she took and dusted us both with the hickry [sic]. 1950 Time 30 Jan. 14/2 [Miners] dusted one of [the district leader's] lieutenants with an old shoe for trying to talk them back to work. 1970 H. E. Roberts Third Ear 6/2 Dust v., beat up. b. intransitive. To strike, hit.[But the place of these is doubtful: cf. dust v.2 ] ΚΠ c1612 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliad xvi. 544 Another stony dart As good as Hector's he let fly, that dusted in the neck Of Sthenelaus. 8. transitive. To brush, shake, or rub off as dust. ΚΠ 1775 S. J. Pratt Liberal Opinions (1783) IV. 63 Boy, dust away the crumbs with your hat. 1887 R. L. Stevenson Underwoods i. xxxviii A strenuous family dusted from its hands The sand of granite. 9. To pass (any one) on the road, so as to expose him to the dust of one's horse or wheels; to make one ‘take the dust’; to outride. slang (rare). ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > drive a wheeled vehicle > pass a person exposing him to dust dust1890 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer (1891) 419 I could have dusted any of 'em with Ben. 10. intransitive. To ride or go quickly, hasten, hurry, make off; also, to dust it. ( Chiefly U.S. slang or colloquial) ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move with urgent speed rempeOE fuseOE rakeOE hiec1175 i-fusec1275 rekec1275 hastec1300 pellc1300 platc1300 startc1300 buskc1330 rapc1330 rapec1330 skip1338 firk1340 chase1377 raikc1390 to hie one's waya1400 catchc1400 start?a1505 spur1513 hasten1534 to make speed1548 post1553 hurry1602 scud1602 curry1608 to put on?1611 properate1623 post-haste1628 whirryc1630 dust1650 kite1854 to get a move on1888 to hump it1888 belt1890 to get (or put) one's skates on1895 hotfoot1896 to rattle one's dags1968 shimmy1969 1650 H. Vaughan Silex Scintillans 55 Stick thou To thy sure trot..Let folly dust it on, or lag behind. 1860 Mesilla (Arizona) Times 18 Oct. 1/2 The ‘gold seekers’ thought prudence the better part of valor and ‘got up and dusted’. 1884 ‘Judge Wiglittle’ 10 Years Police Judge xvii. 166 He's throwing dust, but he dusted off with the horse all the same. 1888 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms II. xi. 190 And you're a going to dust out right away, you say? 1909 J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 120/2 I quickly got inside, locked the door, and dusted out the back way. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > move swiftly [verb (intransitive)] lakeOE flyOE runOE scour13.. jace1393 hie1398 spina1400 fleetc1400 glentc1400 stripc1400 suea1450 carryc1450 speed1488 scud1532 streek1598 winga1616 to clip it1616 hackney1617 swifta1618 whirryc1630 dust1673 whew1684 race1702 stroke1735 cut1797 spank1807 skid1815 speela1818 crack1824 skimmer1824 slap1827 clip1832 skeet1838 marvel1841 lick1850 travel1850 rush1852 zip1852 sail1876 rabbit1887 move1906 high-tail1908 to ball the jack1914 buzz1914 shift1922 giddap1938 burn1942 hoosh1943 bomb1966 shred1977 the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor > drink up or drain quax1509 toom?a1513 quaff1534 to play off1598 upsy-friese1617 bumbaste1640 dust1673 fuddlec1680 whemmel1721 toota1774 buzz1785 kill1833 floor1837 lower1920 slam1982 1673 T. Shadwell Epsom-Wells iii, in Wks. (1720) II. 241 Clod~pate is to dust his stand of ale, and he must be bubbled. a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) II. 447 A Prodigal..dusts his Estate, as they do a Stand of Ale in the North. 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Dust it away, drink quick about. 12. to dust off. a. intransitive. (See sense 10.) b. transitive. = sense 6a (originally U.S.). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > dusting > dust [verb (transitive)] dust1568 undust1611 to dust off1948 1948 A. Huxley Ape & Essence (1949) 127 The charvessels can dust off the tables and wash the floors. 1959 Economist 18 Apr. 218/1 The clerics are..dusting off their copies of Fox's Book of Martyrs. c. To bring to ruin, defeat, kill; to discard, get rid of. slang (originally U.S.). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > bring to ruin or put an end to undoc950 shendOE forfarea1000 endc1000 to do awayOE aquenchc1175 slayc1175 slayc1175 stathea1200 tinea1300 to-spilla1300 batec1300 bleschea1325 honisha1325 leesea1325 wastec1325 stanch1338 corrumpa1340 destroy1340 to put awayc1350 dissolvec1374 supplanta1382 to-shend1382 aneantizec1384 avoidc1384 to put outa1398 beshenda1400 swelta1400 amortizec1405 distract1413 consumec1425 shelfc1425 abroge1427 downthringc1430 kill1435 poisonc1450 defeat1474 perish1509 to blow away1523 abrogatea1529 to prick (also turn, pitch) over the perka1529 dash?1529 to bring (also send) to (the) pot1531 put in the pot1531 wipea1538 extermine1539 fatec1540 peppera1550 disappoint1563 to put (also set) beside the saddle1563 to cut the throat of1565 to throw (also turn, etc.) over the perch1568 to make a hand of (also on, with)1569 demolish1570 to break the neck of1576 to make shipwreck of1577 spoil1578 to knock on (in) the head (also rarely at head)1579 cipher1589 ruinate1590 to cut off by the shins1592 shipwreck1599 exterminate1605 finish1611 damnify1612 ravel1614 braina1616 stagger1629 unrivet1630 consummate1634 pulverizea1640 baffle1649 devil1652 to blow up1660 feague1668 shatter1683 cook1708 to die away1748 to prove fatal (to)1759 to knock up1764 to knock (or kick) the hindsight out or off1834 to put the kibosh on1834 to cook (rarely do) one's goose1835 kibosh1841 to chaw up1843 cooper1851 to jack up1870 scuttle1888 to bugger up1891 jigger1895 torpedo1895 on the fritz1900 to put paid to1901 rot1908 down and out1916 scuppera1918 to put the skids under1918 stonker1919 liquidate1924 to screw up1933 cruel1934 to dig the grave of1934 pox1935 blow1936 to hit for six1937 to piss up1937 to dust off1938 zap1976 the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > get or be rid of refusea1387 to be rid of (also on)c1450 beskyfte1470 to be, get shut of, (dialect) shut on?a1500 to claw off1514 get1558 to put away1577 to get rid of1591 quit1606 to get off with1719 ding1753 shoot1805 to stay shet of1837 shuck1848 shunt1858 shake1872 to dust off1938 1938 H. Asbury Sucker's Progress xii. 385 He had been dusted off by Vanderbilt. 1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §27/5 Eliminate; discard; get rid of,..dust off. 1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §118/3 Kill; murder,..dust off. 1960 Times 13 Dec. 4/1 They have always been dusted off in the inter~zone matches. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † dustv.2 Obsolete. 1. a. transitive. To cast forcibly or violently, fling, dash. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > violently dusta1225 stetec1330 swinga1400 whirra1400 wapc1440 whirlc1440 to throw off1551 swash1577 ding1614 bung1825 whither1825 a1225 St. Marher. 12 Ant duste him adunriht to þere eorðe. a1225 St. Marher. 18 Þa warð þe reue wod, ant bed..dusten hire into þe grunde. a1225 Leg. Kath. 984 Þu underfes þet an half, and dustes adun þet oðer. a1225 Leg. Kath. 1094 He is godd seolf, þe duste deað under him. a1225 Juliana 38 Ant te þreo children..beon idust in þe fur of þe ofne. c1315 Shoreham 52 Thet..non harm hyne don deste, In mode. b. intransitive. To dash, throw oneself violently. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of a person > headlong castc1300 dustc1330 c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2393 Vrgan lepe vnfain, Ouer þe bregge he deste. 2. To strike or hit with violence. See also dust v.1 7. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > strike with specific degree of force [verb (transitive)] > strike violently to-slaya700 dusta1225 forsmitec1275 frush13.. pasha1450 whang1685 wham1925 a1225 Leg. Kath. 2025 Þis wes uneaðe iseid, þat an engel ne com..And duste hit [the wheel] a swuch dunt þat hit bigon to claterin. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2855 [He] heuid vp ys honde, & þar-wiþ an þe heued him duste [rhymes vuste ‘fist’]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1c825n.21611v.1?c1225v.2a1225 |
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